Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.4103/jasi.jasi_114_21
Okan Gürkan, F. Çengel, Umut Erdem, Ayhan Yılmaz, Abdulkadir POLAT, E. Ekin
Introduction: The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of the persistent median artery (PMA) at the wrist level, its correlation to age, gender, and contralateral wrist, and its position to the median nerve and its variations. Material and Methods: A total of 1504 wrists were evaluated using the magnetic resonance imaging examination. The proton density and T2-weighted axial images were investigated. The patients were divided into three groups according to age. The incidence of PMA, gender, and relationship with the contralateral wrist, distribution according to the age groups, and position to the median nerve were recorded. The images were first evaluated on the consensus of two radiologists and then all data were inspected by another radiologist with at least 10 years of experience in musculoskeletal radiology. Results: Palmar-type PMA was observed in 379 of 1504 included wrists (25.1%). The evaluation according to the age groups showed that the incidence of PMA decreased with increasing age. The median nerve variations concomitant to PMA (bifid-trifid) was found to be seen in 94 patients. In 61 of these 94 patients (64.8%), PMA was passing through the branches of the median nerve. It was observed that in 62.5% of the cases, PMA occupied an anteromedial position to the median nerve. Discussion and Conclusion: PMA accompanied by median nerve variations is frequently seen. The incidence of PMA decreases with increasing age. The presence of PMA and its position should be cautiously evaluated using imagery, particularly in young patients before wrist surgery.
{"title":"The persistent median artery: A new challenger in carpal tunnel imaging?","authors":"Okan Gürkan, F. Çengel, Umut Erdem, Ayhan Yılmaz, Abdulkadir POLAT, E. Ekin","doi":"10.4103/jasi.jasi_114_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jasi.jasi_114_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of the persistent median artery (PMA) at the wrist level, its correlation to age, gender, and contralateral wrist, and its position to the median nerve and its variations. Material and Methods: A total of 1504 wrists were evaluated using the magnetic resonance imaging examination. The proton density and T2-weighted axial images were investigated. The patients were divided into three groups according to age. The incidence of PMA, gender, and relationship with the contralateral wrist, distribution according to the age groups, and position to the median nerve were recorded. The images were first evaluated on the consensus of two radiologists and then all data were inspected by another radiologist with at least 10 years of experience in musculoskeletal radiology. Results: Palmar-type PMA was observed in 379 of 1504 included wrists (25.1%). The evaluation according to the age groups showed that the incidence of PMA decreased with increasing age. The median nerve variations concomitant to PMA (bifid-trifid) was found to be seen in 94 patients. In 61 of these 94 patients (64.8%), PMA was passing through the branches of the median nerve. It was observed that in 62.5% of the cases, PMA occupied an anteromedial position to the median nerve. Discussion and Conclusion: PMA accompanied by median nerve variations is frequently seen. The incidence of PMA decreases with increasing age. The presence of PMA and its position should be cautiously evaluated using imagery, particularly in young patients before wrist surgery.","PeriodicalId":50010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Anatomical Society of India","volume":"71 1","pages":"109 - 113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41365917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.4103/jasi.jasi_207_21
S. Karaca, Onur Ince, M. Adıyeke, Alper Ileri, T. Vural, E. Töz, A. Demir, I. Karaca, A. Pulur, I. Ertas
Introduction: The objective of this study is to design a patient-specific model to predict the location of epigastric vessels on the abdominal surface and to show clinicians safe areas before surgical intervention. Material and Methods: A total of 200 patients who underwent color Doppler ultrasound evaluation of the deep epigastric vessel before gynecological laparoscopic surgery were recruited in the study. The deep epigastric vessels were identified at three equal levels between the xiphoid and umbilicus, and five equal levels between the umbilicus and the symphysis pubis. The distance between the epigastric vessels and the midline was measured bilaterally at each level. Linear mixed effect modeling was used to assess the anatomical location of the epigastric vessels. Results: The model with waist circumference term was found to be the model with best performance metric. This model included waist circumferences as a covariate, the region of the epigastric vessel as a categorical variable, and random effects for patients. The model that calculates the expected distance from the midline of the epigastric vessels for different regions and waist circumferences are presented as “Distance to midline (cm) = 2.57 + Region A + Region B × Waist Circumference.” Discussion and Conclusion: With the equation model, we proposed, the location of the epigastric vessels can be determined specifically for the patient and the abdominopelvic regions. This model can be a guide to prevent vascular injury.
{"title":"Demonstration of the epigastric vessels surface anatomy with equation model: An anatomical feasibility study","authors":"S. Karaca, Onur Ince, M. Adıyeke, Alper Ileri, T. Vural, E. Töz, A. Demir, I. Karaca, A. Pulur, I. Ertas","doi":"10.4103/jasi.jasi_207_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jasi.jasi_207_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The objective of this study is to design a patient-specific model to predict the location of epigastric vessels on the abdominal surface and to show clinicians safe areas before surgical intervention. Material and Methods: A total of 200 patients who underwent color Doppler ultrasound evaluation of the deep epigastric vessel before gynecological laparoscopic surgery were recruited in the study. The deep epigastric vessels were identified at three equal levels between the xiphoid and umbilicus, and five equal levels between the umbilicus and the symphysis pubis. The distance between the epigastric vessels and the midline was measured bilaterally at each level. Linear mixed effect modeling was used to assess the anatomical location of the epigastric vessels. Results: The model with waist circumference term was found to be the model with best performance metric. This model included waist circumferences as a covariate, the region of the epigastric vessel as a categorical variable, and random effects for patients. The model that calculates the expected distance from the midline of the epigastric vessels for different regions and waist circumferences are presented as “Distance to midline (cm) = 2.57 + Region A + Region B × Waist Circumference.” Discussion and Conclusion: With the equation model, we proposed, the location of the epigastric vessels can be determined specifically for the patient and the abdominopelvic regions. This model can be a guide to prevent vascular injury.","PeriodicalId":50010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Anatomical Society of India","volume":"71 1","pages":"123 - 127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41643996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: The ossicular chain formed by malleus, incus, and stapes, is considered an essential content of the middle ear and is responsible for the transmission of sound vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the oval window. This study aims to evaluate the morphology and anthropometry of ossicles from human cadavers. Material and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head-and-Neck Surgery of KAHER's JN Medical College, Belagavi, for 1 year. Twenty fresh cadavers (40 sets of ossicles) were dissected using zero-degree endoscope. With gentle manipulation, ossicles were removed to study anthropometry and morphology of each middle ear bone using osseous sizer. Results: Among the three bones, based on mean measurements, the heaviest bone was incus (19.08 mg), followed by malleus (16.65 mg) and the lightest bone was stapes (2.28 mg). The longest bone among the three bones was malleus (7.18 mm), followed by incus (5.71 mm) and stapes (2.70 mm). Malleus showed variations in the distal ends, incus showed variation in the lenticular process and the obturator foramen of stapes had different shapes. Discussion and Conclusion: With a rapid rise in the demand for ossiculoplasty in India, knowledge of morphology and possible anthropometric variation existing in Indian subjects is needed to add up to a better understanding of middle ear dynamics.
{"title":"Morphological and anthropometrical features of human ear ossicles: A 1-year cadaveric observational study","authors":"R. Mudhol, Sindhu Narahari, R. Havaldar","doi":"10.4103/jasi.jasi_67_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jasi.jasi_67_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The ossicular chain formed by malleus, incus, and stapes, is considered an essential content of the middle ear and is responsible for the transmission of sound vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the oval window. This study aims to evaluate the morphology and anthropometry of ossicles from human cadavers. Material and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head-and-Neck Surgery of KAHER's JN Medical College, Belagavi, for 1 year. Twenty fresh cadavers (40 sets of ossicles) were dissected using zero-degree endoscope. With gentle manipulation, ossicles were removed to study anthropometry and morphology of each middle ear bone using osseous sizer. Results: Among the three bones, based on mean measurements, the heaviest bone was incus (19.08 mg), followed by malleus (16.65 mg) and the lightest bone was stapes (2.28 mg). The longest bone among the three bones was malleus (7.18 mm), followed by incus (5.71 mm) and stapes (2.70 mm). Malleus showed variations in the distal ends, incus showed variation in the lenticular process and the obturator foramen of stapes had different shapes. Discussion and Conclusion: With a rapid rise in the demand for ossiculoplasty in India, knowledge of morphology and possible anthropometric variation existing in Indian subjects is needed to add up to a better understanding of middle ear dynamics.","PeriodicalId":50010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Anatomical Society of India","volume":"71 1","pages":"88 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44135820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.4103/jasi.jasi_188_20
Mehtap Tiryakioğlu, S. Fahrioğlu, S. Onderoglu, S. Ilgi
We have come across a series of variations on our cadaver during routine dissection of the abdominal viscera. The amount and extent of the variations were unexpected in one cadaver, and they were followed one after another as listed: a peritoneal cyst formed by the parietal peritoneum that was stuck to the anterior surface of the right kidney, intraperitoneal duodenum, intraperitoneal ascending colon, partially constricted transverse colon, and several peritoneal strings running in between the various parts of the visceral peritoneum and the parietal peritoneum covering the abdominal wall, unusual location and size of the root of mesentery, and agenesis of the vermiform appendix. Our cadaver's medical history has not shown any surgery; it never showed any scars on the abdominal wall that might have indicated surgical operations. Peritoneal variations and agenesis of vermiform appendix are of great importance during diagnostic monitoring as well as surgical interventions. Extensive peritoneal variations in one patient may cause some extremely critical complications during the peritoneal dialysis, as well as during the laparoscopic approaches. We present these multiple and complex variations in one cadaver with respect to serious clinical complications that may come out because of ignorance of such cases.
{"title":"Coexisting multiple and complex peritoneal variations and agenesis of vermiform appendix","authors":"Mehtap Tiryakioğlu, S. Fahrioğlu, S. Onderoglu, S. Ilgi","doi":"10.4103/jasi.jasi_188_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jasi.jasi_188_20","url":null,"abstract":"We have come across a series of variations on our cadaver during routine dissection of the abdominal viscera. The amount and extent of the variations were unexpected in one cadaver, and they were followed one after another as listed: a peritoneal cyst formed by the parietal peritoneum that was stuck to the anterior surface of the right kidney, intraperitoneal duodenum, intraperitoneal ascending colon, partially constricted transverse colon, and several peritoneal strings running in between the various parts of the visceral peritoneum and the parietal peritoneum covering the abdominal wall, unusual location and size of the root of mesentery, and agenesis of the vermiform appendix. Our cadaver's medical history has not shown any surgery; it never showed any scars on the abdominal wall that might have indicated surgical operations. Peritoneal variations and agenesis of vermiform appendix are of great importance during diagnostic monitoring as well as surgical interventions. Extensive peritoneal variations in one patient may cause some extremely critical complications during the peritoneal dialysis, as well as during the laparoscopic approaches. We present these multiple and complex variations in one cadaver with respect to serious clinical complications that may come out because of ignorance of such cases.","PeriodicalId":50010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Anatomical Society of India","volume":"71 1","pages":"146 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49127229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.4103/jasi.jasi_204_21
Rüştü Türkay, Sevim Özdemir, Nurdan Göçgün, T. Can, B. Yılmaz, T. Ikizceli, İ. Gürses
Introduction: The sternalis muscle is a rare muscular variation of the anterior thoracic wall. When present, it can confuse the radiologists as a breast mass on mammograms and pose as a challenge and opportunity at the same time for surgeons during mastectomies or breast augmentation procedures. This study aims to investigate the frequency and anatomy of the sternalis muscle on a large Turkish sample. Material and Methods: Following ethical approval, the presence and anatomy of the sternalis muscle was investigated on thoracic computed tomography (CT) scans of 8408 patients. Results: The sternalis muscle was present in 263 (3.1%) patients. The presence of the muscle was unilateral on the right side in 104 (39.5%), unilateral on the left side in 96 (36.5%), and bilateral in 63 (24%) patients. In 326 hemithoraces, Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3 sternalis muscles were observed in 79.2%, 14.4%, and 6.4% of the patients, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: The frequency of the sternalis muscle among the Turkish population was relatively lower compared to the previous studies on different ethnicities. In addition, CT provides a detailed evaluation of the muscle.
{"title":"Sternalis muscle in living individuals identified with computed tomography","authors":"Rüştü Türkay, Sevim Özdemir, Nurdan Göçgün, T. Can, B. Yılmaz, T. Ikizceli, İ. Gürses","doi":"10.4103/jasi.jasi_204_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jasi.jasi_204_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The sternalis muscle is a rare muscular variation of the anterior thoracic wall. When present, it can confuse the radiologists as a breast mass on mammograms and pose as a challenge and opportunity at the same time for surgeons during mastectomies or breast augmentation procedures. This study aims to investigate the frequency and anatomy of the sternalis muscle on a large Turkish sample. Material and Methods: Following ethical approval, the presence and anatomy of the sternalis muscle was investigated on thoracic computed tomography (CT) scans of 8408 patients. Results: The sternalis muscle was present in 263 (3.1%) patients. The presence of the muscle was unilateral on the right side in 104 (39.5%), unilateral on the left side in 96 (36.5%), and bilateral in 63 (24%) patients. In 326 hemithoraces, Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3 sternalis muscles were observed in 79.2%, 14.4%, and 6.4% of the patients, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: The frequency of the sternalis muscle among the Turkish population was relatively lower compared to the previous studies on different ethnicities. In addition, CT provides a detailed evaluation of the muscle.","PeriodicalId":50010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Anatomical Society of India","volume":"71 1","pages":"135 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42492587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.4103/jasi.jasi_143_20
Madhumita Dutta, Ratnadeep Poddar
Introduction: Among various factors responsible for the development of chronic shoulder pain worldwide, the role of scapula, as a bony factor, is very important. This study focuses on evaluating the scapular shape and contour as a determinant of sub-acromion impingement syndrome. This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted on dry bones. Material and Methods: Dry scapulae (42 right sided and 38 left sided) were studied by taking digital photographs in different views and analyzing various parameters (critical shoulder angle (CSA), glenoid inclination, shape of acromion process, etc.) using ImageJ analyzer. Results were analyzed using measures of central tendency, and statistical significance was analyzed by measuring P values with the help of SPSS software (v25). Results: There were 40% Type I, 38.75% Type II, and 21.25% Type III scapulae, respectively. The Type I and III scapulae showed significant variations on the basis of various acromion overhangs (anterior overhang was 9.03 mm and 11.08 mm in Types I and III, respectively, while for the lateral overhang, the values were 9.73 mm and 6.25 mm in Types I and III, respectively) and angles (lateral acromion angle was 79.5° and 71.9° for Types I and III, respectively, whereas the coraco-acromion angle was 37° and 30.8° in Types I and III, respectively). The glenoid inclination and CSA were also significantly variable between all three types of scapulae. Discussion and Conclusion: The scapular morphology plays a pivotal role which can be extrapolated on a radiological basis in pertinent patients to determine the chances of developing pathological shoulders in future.
{"title":"Sub-acromion impingement syndrome: Scapular morphometric analysis: A study on dry bones among Eastern Indian population","authors":"Madhumita Dutta, Ratnadeep Poddar","doi":"10.4103/jasi.jasi_143_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jasi.jasi_143_20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Among various factors responsible for the development of chronic shoulder pain worldwide, the role of scapula, as a bony factor, is very important. This study focuses on evaluating the scapular shape and contour as a determinant of sub-acromion impingement syndrome. This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted on dry bones. Material and Methods: Dry scapulae (42 right sided and 38 left sided) were studied by taking digital photographs in different views and analyzing various parameters (critical shoulder angle (CSA), glenoid inclination, shape of acromion process, etc.) using ImageJ analyzer. Results were analyzed using measures of central tendency, and statistical significance was analyzed by measuring P values with the help of SPSS software (v25). Results: There were 40% Type I, 38.75% Type II, and 21.25% Type III scapulae, respectively. The Type I and III scapulae showed significant variations on the basis of various acromion overhangs (anterior overhang was 9.03 mm and 11.08 mm in Types I and III, respectively, while for the lateral overhang, the values were 9.73 mm and 6.25 mm in Types I and III, respectively) and angles (lateral acromion angle was 79.5° and 71.9° for Types I and III, respectively, whereas the coraco-acromion angle was 37° and 30.8° in Types I and III, respectively). The glenoid inclination and CSA were also significantly variable between all three types of scapulae. Discussion and Conclusion: The scapular morphology plays a pivotal role which can be extrapolated on a radiological basis in pertinent patients to determine the chances of developing pathological shoulders in future.","PeriodicalId":50010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Anatomical Society of India","volume":"71 1","pages":"140 - 145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46608017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.4103/jasi.jasi_210_21
Divya Umamaheswaran, Naga Chigurupati, Prince Solomon, Rema Devi
Round ligament of femur is a pyramidal structure with apex attached to the fovea of the femoral head and its base blends with the transverse acetabular ligament. It is an intracapsular but extrasynovial structure. It is also called ligamentum teres femoris or foveal ligament. It transmits the acetabular branch of obturator artery and also acts as a secondary stabilizer of the hip joint by supplementing the other ligaments of the hip joint in extreme range of motion. Absence of round ligament of femur is a rare variation which can be unilateral or bilateral and prevalence is 2%–3%. It presents rarely as isolated entity or in association with congenital dysplasia of the hip. This report presents a rare variation of unilateral absence of round ligament of femur with minimal evidence of developmental dysplasia of the hip. During routine dissection of a middle-aged cadaver, on opening the hip joint cavity, the round ligament of femur was absent on the left side whereas, acetabular labrum and femoral head were normal. On the right side, the lower limb was normal in position and round ligament of femur was present in normal length and thickness. Awareness and knowledge of such a rare variation are important for radiologists and orthopedicians for better diagnosis and management of hip-related problems.
{"title":"Unilateral absence of round ligament of femur - Cadaveric case report","authors":"Divya Umamaheswaran, Naga Chigurupati, Prince Solomon, Rema Devi","doi":"10.4103/jasi.jasi_210_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jasi.jasi_210_21","url":null,"abstract":"Round ligament of femur is a pyramidal structure with apex attached to the fovea of the femoral head and its base blends with the transverse acetabular ligament. It is an intracapsular but extrasynovial structure. It is also called ligamentum teres femoris or foveal ligament. It transmits the acetabular branch of obturator artery and also acts as a secondary stabilizer of the hip joint by supplementing the other ligaments of the hip joint in extreme range of motion. Absence of round ligament of femur is a rare variation which can be unilateral or bilateral and prevalence is 2%–3%. It presents rarely as isolated entity or in association with congenital dysplasia of the hip. This report presents a rare variation of unilateral absence of round ligament of femur with minimal evidence of developmental dysplasia of the hip. During routine dissection of a middle-aged cadaver, on opening the hip joint cavity, the round ligament of femur was absent on the left side whereas, acetabular labrum and femoral head were normal. On the right side, the lower limb was normal in position and round ligament of femur was present in normal length and thickness. Awareness and knowledge of such a rare variation are important for radiologists and orthopedicians for better diagnosis and management of hip-related problems.","PeriodicalId":50010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Anatomical Society of India","volume":"71 1","pages":"151 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44080136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.4103/jasi.jasi_166_20
E. Unur, Ilyas Uçar, S. Çıkmaz, Salih Akki
{"title":"Basic rules for naming sutures","authors":"E. Unur, Ilyas Uçar, S. Çıkmaz, Salih Akki","doi":"10.4103/jasi.jasi_166_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jasi.jasi_166_20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Anatomical Society of India","volume":"71 1","pages":"156 - 157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45773237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Wrong postures change the body mechanics, causing pressure on joint surfaces, strain to ligaments, and skeletal muscle disadvantage. Simple faulty posture is one of the main reasons for musculoskeletal pain, especially back pain and neck pain. Based on the understanding that aberrations in posture can cause pain and injury, training and education for posture correction through training have been used as treatment approaches. The intent of the present study was to analyze posture and the severity of postural abnormalities using plumb line and to identify if these abnormalities are associated with pain among professionals. Material and Methods: The posture of 120 participants from four occupational groups was analyzed using a plumb line in relation to anatomical landmark and categorized into four types. Data were recorded as the frequency of the posture types. To test the equality of means among more than two groups, the Kruskal–Wallis test was used. Posture frequency was then compared with musculoskeletal symptoms. Results: The major finding in this study is that a considerable proportion of the study sample displayed some degree of postural anomaly. Kyphosis was found to be highest among IT professionals (76.7%) compared to the other professional groups. Kypholordotic posture was more among the nurses. The frequency of pain increased in participants with more severe postural issues. It is hypothesized that the means of different groups compared are the same against the alternative that at least one group's mean is different from others. The difference observed difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Discussion and Conclusion: Postural abnormalities are a significant risk factor for musculoskeletal disorders. The ergonomics of the working environment have a direct impact on the well-being of professionals. Hence, the organizations employing them, and the professionals themselves need to be sensitized regarding the importance of correct working posture.
{"title":"Analysis of workstation posture in diversified professionals as a tool to enhance better understanding of health outcomes to avoid occupational health hazards","authors":"W. S Johnson, J. Koshy, Archana Rajasundram","doi":"10.4103/jasi.jasi_60_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jasi.jasi_60_20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Wrong postures change the body mechanics, causing pressure on joint surfaces, strain to ligaments, and skeletal muscle disadvantage. Simple faulty posture is one of the main reasons for musculoskeletal pain, especially back pain and neck pain. Based on the understanding that aberrations in posture can cause pain and injury, training and education for posture correction through training have been used as treatment approaches. The intent of the present study was to analyze posture and the severity of postural abnormalities using plumb line and to identify if these abnormalities are associated with pain among professionals. Material and Methods: The posture of 120 participants from four occupational groups was analyzed using a plumb line in relation to anatomical landmark and categorized into four types. Data were recorded as the frequency of the posture types. To test the equality of means among more than two groups, the Kruskal–Wallis test was used. Posture frequency was then compared with musculoskeletal symptoms. Results: The major finding in this study is that a considerable proportion of the study sample displayed some degree of postural anomaly. Kyphosis was found to be highest among IT professionals (76.7%) compared to the other professional groups. Kypholordotic posture was more among the nurses. The frequency of pain increased in participants with more severe postural issues. It is hypothesized that the means of different groups compared are the same against the alternative that at least one group's mean is different from others. The difference observed difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Discussion and Conclusion: Postural abnormalities are a significant risk factor for musculoskeletal disorders. The ergonomics of the working environment have a direct impact on the well-being of professionals. Hence, the organizations employing them, and the professionals themselves need to be sensitized regarding the importance of correct working posture.","PeriodicalId":50010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Anatomical Society of India","volume":"71 1","pages":"114 - 118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45046747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Right-sided aortic arch (RAA) with left aberrant subclavian artery (LASA) is a rare vascular variant due to the failure in regression process during embryologic development of the aortic arch. The prevalence of it ranges from 0.04% to 0.1% in radiology series. We report the case of a 44-year-old female shown to have the presence of a RAA with LASA arising from the Kommerell's diverticulum, and also in association with an aberrant aortic origin of the right vertebral artery using computed tomography angiography. Considering the diameter of the diverticulum <5 cm and the absence of severe external esophageal or tracheal compression, thoracic surgery was not indicated and it was decided to keep the patient under clinical follow-up at regular intervals. Based upon this present case and literature review, the knowledge of this anomalous anatomy and its embryologic basis appear to be important for diagnostic endovascular interventions and planning thoracic surgery.
{"title":"A rare anomalous origin of the right vertebral artery from the right aortic arch with the left aberrant subclavian artery arising from kommerell's diverticulum","authors":"Gülay Açar, M. Koplay","doi":"10.4103/jasi.jasi_17_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jasi.jasi_17_21","url":null,"abstract":"Right-sided aortic arch (RAA) with left aberrant subclavian artery (LASA) is a rare vascular variant due to the failure in regression process during embryologic development of the aortic arch. The prevalence of it ranges from 0.04% to 0.1% in radiology series. We report the case of a 44-year-old female shown to have the presence of a RAA with LASA arising from the Kommerell's diverticulum, and also in association with an aberrant aortic origin of the right vertebral artery using computed tomography angiography. Considering the diameter of the diverticulum <5 cm and the absence of severe external esophageal or tracheal compression, thoracic surgery was not indicated and it was decided to keep the patient under clinical follow-up at regular intervals. Based upon this present case and literature review, the knowledge of this anomalous anatomy and its embryologic basis appear to be important for diagnostic endovascular interventions and planning thoracic surgery.","PeriodicalId":50010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Anatomical Society of India","volume":"71 1","pages":"71 - 73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48111474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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