Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jasi.jasi_117_22
E. Doğan, M. Doğan, B. Güney, Ö. Tapan, U. Tapan, S. Olcay
The aberrant arteries of the lung are very rare abnormalities. It is included in the type 1 sequestration group when it is a single finding without other sequestration features. Sequestrations account for <1% of all lung malformations. Type 1 is the least common form in this group. In 75% of these cases, the aberrant artery (AA) originates from the thoracic aorta. AA originating from the celiac plexus is very rare. Moreover, even if it originates from an abdominal vascular, AA is extended left lower lobe of the lung or the right middle lobe. Our case is atypical with its azygoesophageal recess (AOR) localization. The AOR is a special region that forms the mediobasal segment of the right lung. After the pandemic, this region has been expressed as one of the areas where COVID-19 infection shows affinity. The reason for this condition has not been definitively clarified yet. Therefore, the anatomical details of this segment need to be more probed. Furthermore, the radiological multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) appearance of our case is in the differential diagnosis, with Scimitar syndrome and, as far as we know, this differential diagnosis detail has not been mentioned so far. MDCT plays an important role in the diagnosis and planning of definitive treatment by determining the origin and course of the AA. Definitive treatment may be surgery (lobectomy or segmentectomy) or endovascular. The case of a 62-year-old patient with a lung AA is presented accompanied by radiological and clinical findings.
肺部异常动脉是非常罕见的畸形。当它是单一发现而无其他闭塞特征时，就会被归入 1 型闭塞组。在所有肺部畸形中，闭塞症所占比例小于 1%。1 型是该组中最不常见的一种。在这些病例中，75%的异常动脉（AA）起源于胸主动脉。源自腹腔神经丛的异常动脉非常罕见。此外，即使源自腹腔血管，反常动脉也会向左肺下叶或右肺中叶延伸。我们的病例因其颧骨食管凹陷（AOR）定位而不典型。AOR 是形成右肺中叶的一个特殊区域。大流行后，该区域已成为 COVID-19 感染的亲近区域之一。造成这种情况的原因尚未明确。因此，需要进一步探究该区域的解剖细节。此外，我们病例的放射学多载体计算机断层扫描（MDCT）外观与弯刀综合征属于鉴别诊断范畴，而据我们所知，这一鉴别诊断细节至今尚未被提及。通过确定 AA 的起源和病程，MDCT 在诊断和制定最终治疗计划方面发挥着重要作用。最终治疗可能是手术（肺叶切除术或肺段切除术）或血管内治疗。本文介绍了一名 62 岁肺 AA 患者的病例，并附有放射学和临床研究结果。
{"title":"A rare anatomical variant: Aberrant arterial supply of azygoesophageal recess originating from the celiac plexus","authors":"E. Doğan, M. Doğan, B. Güney, Ö. Tapan, U. Tapan, S. Olcay","doi":"10.4103/jasi.jasi_117_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jasi.jasi_117_22","url":null,"abstract":"The aberrant arteries of the lung are very rare abnormalities. It is included in the type 1 sequestration group when it is a single finding without other sequestration features. Sequestrations account for <1% of all lung malformations. Type 1 is the least common form in this group. In 75% of these cases, the aberrant artery (AA) originates from the thoracic aorta. AA originating from the celiac plexus is very rare. Moreover, even if it originates from an abdominal vascular, AA is extended left lower lobe of the lung or the right middle lobe. Our case is atypical with its azygoesophageal recess (AOR) localization. The AOR is a special region that forms the mediobasal segment of the right lung. After the pandemic, this region has been expressed as one of the areas where COVID-19 infection shows affinity. The reason for this condition has not been definitively clarified yet. Therefore, the anatomical details of this segment need to be more probed. Furthermore, the radiological multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) appearance of our case is in the differential diagnosis, with Scimitar syndrome and, as far as we know, this differential diagnosis detail has not been mentioned so far. MDCT plays an important role in the diagnosis and planning of definitive treatment by determining the origin and course of the AA. Definitive treatment may be surgery (lobectomy or segmentectomy) or endovascular. The case of a 62-year-old patient with a lung AA is presented accompanied by radiological and clinical findings.","PeriodicalId":50010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Anatomical Society of India","volume":"11 1","pages":"267 - 270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139365187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Chronic exposure to psychosocial stressor could lead to various side effects, such as maladaptation by various physiological and immunological systems. Objective: This study investigated psychosocial stress-induced damage on the testes and epididymis using animal models and the effects of Vitamin E. Materials and Methods: A total 40 adult Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups (S and L) representing 52 and 104 days of experimentation. The 2 groups were subdivided into 4 groups each (S = A–D and L = E–H, n = 5 each). Groups A and E served as control, B and F were psychosocially stressed, C and G were administered 50 mg/kg of Vitamin E, while D and H were psychosocially stressed and administered 50 mg/kg of Vitamin E for 52 and 104 days, respectively. Psychosocial stress was induced on the rats using cats as predator. The weight, blood parameters, and tissue samples were obtained on days 53 and 105 and analyzed. Statistical analysis was carried out using GraphPad Prism Version 8 (San Diego, CA, USA). Results: Psychosocial stress resulted in a significant reduction in weight and negatively affected oxidative stress markers and sperm parameters of the animals (P < 0.05). Histological analysis showed that stress arrested spermatogenesis and disorganized the seminiferous tubular epithelium and reduced the semen quality. There was scanty sperm in the epididymis of stressed groups. However, Vitamin E reversed these changes and improved the quality of semen compared to the negative control group. Conclusion: Vitamin E was potent at ameliorating the deleterious effects of psychosocially induced stress.
背景：长期暴露于社会心理压力下会导致各种副作用，如各种生理和免疫系统的适应不良。研究目的本研究利用动物模型研究了社会心理压力诱发的睾丸和附睾损伤以及维生素 E 的作用：将 40 只成年 Wistar 大鼠分为 2 组（S 组和 L 组），分别代表 52 天和 104 天的实验。两组又各分为 4 组（S = A-D 组和 L = E-H 组，每组 n = 5）。A 组和 E 组为对照组，B 组和 F 组为社会心理应激反应组，C 组和 G 组为服用 50 毫克/千克维生素 E 组，D 组和 H 组为社会心理应激反应组，分别服用 50 毫克/千克维生素 E 52 天和 104 天。用猫作为捕食者诱导大鼠产生社会心理应激。在第 53 天和第 105 天采集体重、血液参数和组织样本并进行分析。使用 GraphPad Prism Version 8（美国加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥）进行统计分析。结果社会心理应激导致动物体重显著下降，并对氧化应激标记物和精子参数产生负面影响（P < 0.05）。组织学分析表明，应激抑制了精子发生，使曲细精管上皮细胞紊乱，降低了精液质量。应激组动物附睾中的精子数量稀少。然而，与阴性对照组相比，维生素 E 逆转了这些变化，并改善了精液质量。结论维生素 E 能有效改善社会心理压力的有害影响。
{"title":"Psychosocial stress and fertility: The preventive potentials of Vitamin E","authors":"Raphael Uwejigho, K. Iteire, Felix Enemali","doi":"10.4103/jasi.jasi_54_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jasi.jasi_54_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic exposure to psychosocial stressor could lead to various side effects, such as maladaptation by various physiological and immunological systems. Objective: This study investigated psychosocial stress-induced damage on the testes and epididymis using animal models and the effects of Vitamin E. Materials and Methods: A total 40 adult Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups (S and L) representing 52 and 104 days of experimentation. The 2 groups were subdivided into 4 groups each (S = A–D and L = E–H, n = 5 each). Groups A and E served as control, B and F were psychosocially stressed, C and G were administered 50 mg/kg of Vitamin E, while D and H were psychosocially stressed and administered 50 mg/kg of Vitamin E for 52 and 104 days, respectively. Psychosocial stress was induced on the rats using cats as predator. The weight, blood parameters, and tissue samples were obtained on days 53 and 105 and analyzed. Statistical analysis was carried out using GraphPad Prism Version 8 (San Diego, CA, USA). Results: Psychosocial stress resulted in a significant reduction in weight and negatively affected oxidative stress markers and sperm parameters of the animals (P < 0.05). Histological analysis showed that stress arrested spermatogenesis and disorganized the seminiferous tubular epithelium and reduced the semen quality. There was scanty sperm in the epididymis of stressed groups. However, Vitamin E reversed these changes and improved the quality of semen compared to the negative control group. Conclusion: Vitamin E was potent at ameliorating the deleterious effects of psychosocially induced stress.","PeriodicalId":50010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Anatomical Society of India","volume":"155 1","pages":"229 - 238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139364507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Karavaş, Sonay Aydın, Edhem Unver, Ozlem Kadirhan, M. Kantarcı
The improper embryologic development of the inferior vena cava (IVC) is a rare congenital defect that affects about 4% of the population. IVC agenesis is one of the less common variations, with an estimated prevalence ranging from 0.005% to 1%. We present a rare instance of IVC agenesis, bilateral double renal veins, and left circumaortic renal vein that manifested as lower extremities deep vein thrombosis. While anomalies of the IVC and renal veins are exceedingly rare, they should be considered during retroperitoneal procedures to avoid major consequences, particularly venous bleeding caused by incorrect damage. Anatomical variance of the IVC and renal veins is critical for procedures such as ureteral surgery, sympathectomy, radical nephrectomy, and organ transplantation. The clinical significance of these aberrations stems from the possibility of mistakes during imaging. They play a significant role in the diagnosis and treatment of venous thromboembolic disease.
{"title":"Inferior vena cava agenesis, bilateral double renal veins, and left circumaortic renal vein: A rare case and brief review of the literature","authors":"E. Karavaş, Sonay Aydın, Edhem Unver, Ozlem Kadirhan, M. Kantarcı","doi":"10.4103/jasi.jasi_50_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jasi.jasi_50_22","url":null,"abstract":"The improper embryologic development of the inferior vena cava (IVC) is a rare congenital defect that affects about 4% of the population. IVC agenesis is one of the less common variations, with an estimated prevalence ranging from 0.005% to 1%. We present a rare instance of IVC agenesis, bilateral double renal veins, and left circumaortic renal vein that manifested as lower extremities deep vein thrombosis. While anomalies of the IVC and renal veins are exceedingly rare, they should be considered during retroperitoneal procedures to avoid major consequences, particularly venous bleeding caused by incorrect damage. Anatomical variance of the IVC and renal veins is critical for procedures such as ureteral surgery, sympathectomy, radical nephrectomy, and organ transplantation. The clinical significance of these aberrations stems from the possibility of mistakes during imaging. They play a significant role in the diagnosis and treatment of venous thromboembolic disease.","PeriodicalId":50010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Anatomical Society of India","volume":"7 1","pages":"271 - 273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139365745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Islam H. AlTarawneh, D. Badran, Osama Samara, Amjad Shatarat, Mohamed Kharabsheh, Tamer Abuelsamen, Amro Akkash, Hala Alzaghloul
Aim: The study was performed to understand the morphological anatomical variations of suprascapular notch (SSN) among Jordanian population and to explore the correlation between the morphological measurements according to gender, age, weight, and height. Materials and Methods: A total of 182 computed tomography scans of scapulae were analyzed for 91 patients. The type of SSN was determined using a classification based on the following three geometrical measurements: superior transverse diameter, middle transverse diameters, and maximal depth. Results: The most common type predominated in the sample was Type III with percentages on the right and left, respectively (89% and 84%), 4% for Type II, 7% for Type I, and 8% were having a foramen, whereas absent SSN cases were 4%. On the left side, 1% for Type II, 15% who have Type I, and about 7% of the patients have foramen, whereas absent SSN cases were 7%. Conclusion: Knowledge of the anatomical variations of the SSN described in this study should be helpful in endoscopic and open procedures of the suprascapular region and also may increase the safety of operative decompression of the suprascapular nerve.
目的：本研究旨在了解约旦人肩胛上切迹（SSN）的形态解剖学变化，并探讨形态测量值与性别、年龄、体重和身高之间的相关性。材料和方法：共对 91 名患者的 182 张肩胛骨计算机断层扫描图像进行了分析。根据以下三个几何测量值：上横径、中横径和最大深度，确定 SSN 的类型。结果显示样本中最常见的类型是 III 型，右侧和左侧的比例分别为 89% 和 84%，II 型占 4%，I 型占 7%，8% 的病例有一个孔，而无 SSN 的病例占 4%。在左侧，1%的患者为 II 型，15%的患者为 I 型，约 7%的患者有裂孔，而没有 SSN 的病例为 7%。结论本研究中描述的 SSN 解剖变异知识应有助于肩胛上区的内窥镜和开放式手术，也可提高肩胛上神经手术减压的安全性。
{"title":"Morphometric variations of the suprascapular notch using three-dimensional computed tomography scans in a group of Jordanian population","authors":"Islam H. AlTarawneh, D. Badran, Osama Samara, Amjad Shatarat, Mohamed Kharabsheh, Tamer Abuelsamen, Amro Akkash, Hala Alzaghloul","doi":"10.4103/jasi.jasi_38_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jasi.jasi_38_23","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The study was performed to understand the morphological anatomical variations of suprascapular notch (SSN) among Jordanian population and to explore the correlation between the morphological measurements according to gender, age, weight, and height. Materials and Methods: A total of 182 computed tomography scans of scapulae were analyzed for 91 patients. The type of SSN was determined using a classification based on the following three geometrical measurements: superior transverse diameter, middle transverse diameters, and maximal depth. Results: The most common type predominated in the sample was Type III with percentages on the right and left, respectively (89% and 84%), 4% for Type II, 7% for Type I, and 8% were having a foramen, whereas absent SSN cases were 4%. On the left side, 1% for Type II, 15% who have Type I, and about 7% of the patients have foramen, whereas absent SSN cases were 7%. Conclusion: Knowledge of the anatomical variations of the SSN described in this study should be helpful in endoscopic and open procedures of the suprascapular region and also may increase the safety of operative decompression of the suprascapular nerve.","PeriodicalId":50010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Anatomical Society of India","volume":"43 1","pages":"211 - 216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139364699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Ravisankar, P. Ravishankar, R. Ravindran, G. Sridevi, J. Mathew
Background: The prevalence and incidence of Parkinson's disease (PD) is increasing due to a prolonged life expectancy. The cardinal features of PD include resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. In rodents the 2,4,5-trihydroxyphenylethylamine [6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)] induced lesion of the nigrostriatal system showed retrograde degeneration and structural changes in the corpus striatum under transmission the electron microscope (TEM). Aim and Objectives: To study the ultra-structure of normal and 6-OHDA lesioned corpus striatum in Wistar albino rats under the transmission electron microscope. Material and Methods: Wistar albino male adult rats received unilateral stereotaxical injection of 6-OHDA on the right side of striatum and were sacrificed after 120 days. The following stereotaxic co-ordinates were used to target the dorsolateral part of the striatum: AP = 0.2 mm, ML = 3.2 mm, DV = 4.5 mm from the bregma. Another target was the dorsomedial part of striatum: AP = 1.1 mm, ML = 2.4 mm and DV = 3.5 mm.The motor behavior was monitored in cylinder which was counted for a period of 60 min. Results and Conclusion: Our TEM finding in the control rats demonstrated that nucleus was round and comparatively large in proportion to the cell body and lies in the centre of the nerve cell in the striatum. Occasionally one or two dense nucleoli were located eccentrically in the nucleoplasm. Additionally, in the cytoplasm around the nucleus, the conspicuous organelles along with the numerous ribosomes which were mostly free and appear as rosettes or clusters, some of which were attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. Furthermore, few short of granular endoplasmic reticula were seen. Interestingly, the lesioned rats showed neuronal and glial cells damage at the ultra-structural level in striatum under TEM observation.
{"title":"Electron microscopic observation of normal and 2,4,5-trihydroxyl phenylethylamine (6-hydroxydopamine) lesioned corpus striatum in Wistar Albino rats","authors":"P. Ravisankar, P. Ravishankar, R. Ravindran, G. Sridevi, J. Mathew","doi":"10.4103/jasi.jasi_30_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jasi.jasi_30_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The prevalence and incidence of Parkinson's disease (PD) is increasing due to a prolonged life expectancy. The cardinal features of PD include resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. In rodents the 2,4,5-trihydroxyphenylethylamine [6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)] induced lesion of the nigrostriatal system showed retrograde degeneration and structural changes in the corpus striatum under transmission the electron microscope (TEM). Aim and Objectives: To study the ultra-structure of normal and 6-OHDA lesioned corpus striatum in Wistar albino rats under the transmission electron microscope. Material and Methods: Wistar albino male adult rats received unilateral stereotaxical injection of 6-OHDA on the right side of striatum and were sacrificed after 120 days. The following stereotaxic co-ordinates were used to target the dorsolateral part of the striatum: AP = 0.2 mm, ML = 3.2 mm, DV = 4.5 mm from the bregma. Another target was the dorsomedial part of striatum: AP = 1.1 mm, ML = 2.4 mm and DV = 3.5 mm.The motor behavior was monitored in cylinder which was counted for a period of 60 min. Results and Conclusion: Our TEM finding in the control rats demonstrated that nucleus was round and comparatively large in proportion to the cell body and lies in the centre of the nerve cell in the striatum. Occasionally one or two dense nucleoli were located eccentrically in the nucleoplasm. Additionally, in the cytoplasm around the nucleus, the conspicuous organelles along with the numerous ribosomes which were mostly free and appear as rosettes or clusters, some of which were attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. Furthermore, few short of granular endoplasmic reticula were seen. Interestingly, the lesioned rats showed neuronal and glial cells damage at the ultra-structural level in striatum under TEM observation.","PeriodicalId":50010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Anatomical Society of India","volume":"5 1","pages":"199 - 204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139364703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Parkinson's disease revisited","authors":"Vishram Singh, Rashi Singh, Gaurav Singh","doi":"10.4103/jasi.jasi_95_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jasi.jasi_95_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Anatomical Society of India","volume":"67 1","pages":"185 - 186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139365071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Gender is the most vital segment of the biological characteristics which can be evaluated from the skeleton because of the marked sexual dimorphism of bone segments. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of gender on the scapula measure for healthy sedentary subjects. The parameters used in the present study were different from the previous research. Hence, the current work was designed to measure gender differences of the scapula in the Iranian population. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of gender on the scapula measure for healthy sedentary subjects. The design of this research has been done with the coordination and activity of all authors to examine the effect of gender in scapula characters. Material and Methods: This study was performed on scapula computed tomography in 68 patients. These characters in this bone: acromion glenoid distance, length of the acromion, width of acromion, acromion coracoid distance, length of scapula, width of scapula, length of coracoid (LC), length of glenoid (LG), and width of glenoid. With the help of the SPSS software, the logistical regression equation was derived from the stepwise method. By multiplying the value of each dimension with its corresponding coefficient (β coefficient) and adding the products together along with the appropriate constant, the sex of a specimen can be determined. For the regression equation incorporating all for scapular dimensions, the logistic regression score (Y) is calculated as follows: Y = (−0.003× Width of scapula (WS)) + (0.006 × LC) + (−0.14 × height of glenoid [HG]) + 2.098. Results: This study shows the scapular bone characteristic comparison between the two sexes, which statistically significant difference in the width of the bone scapula (P = 0.02) and the coracoid length (P = 0.04) and LG (P = 0.01). In males, significant positive correlation was found between Height of scapula (HS), and height of glenoid (HG) (0.884) and in females, significant positive correlation was maximum the relationship between the HS and LC (0.904**). Discussion and Conclusion: Due to the small number of our samples, it would be better to study more widely so that other differences such as the length of the scapula and the glenoid width can be achieved, and more confidently, that these two attributes do not play a role in determining the sex.
{"title":"Gender determination of scapula by computed tomography scan measurement","authors":"Mahdi Hamzehtofigh, Razieh Mokhtari, Fatemeh Seif, Parvindokht Bayat","doi":"10.4103/JASI.JASI_9_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JASI.JASI_9_19","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Gender is the most vital segment of the biological characteristics which can be evaluated from the skeleton because of the marked sexual dimorphism of bone segments. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of gender on the scapula measure for healthy sedentary subjects. The parameters used in the present study were different from the previous research. Hence, the current work was designed to measure gender differences of the scapula in the Iranian population. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of gender on the scapula measure for healthy sedentary subjects. The design of this research has been done with the coordination and activity of all authors to examine the effect of gender in scapula characters. Material and Methods: This study was performed on scapula computed tomography in 68 patients. These characters in this bone: acromion glenoid distance, length of the acromion, width of acromion, acromion coracoid distance, length of scapula, width of scapula, length of coracoid (LC), length of glenoid (LG), and width of glenoid. With the help of the SPSS software, the logistical regression equation was derived from the stepwise method. By multiplying the value of each dimension with its corresponding coefficient (β coefficient) and adding the products together along with the appropriate constant, the sex of a specimen can be determined. For the regression equation incorporating all for scapular dimensions, the logistic regression score (Y) is calculated as follows: Y = (−0.003× Width of scapula (WS)) + (0.006 × LC) + (−0.14 × height of glenoid [HG]) + 2.098. Results: This study shows the scapular bone characteristic comparison between the two sexes, which statistically significant difference in the width of the bone scapula (P = 0.02) and the coracoid length (P = 0.04) and LG (P = 0.01). In males, significant positive correlation was found between Height of scapula (HS), and height of glenoid (HG) (0.884) and in females, significant positive correlation was maximum the relationship between the HS and LC (0.904**). Discussion and Conclusion: Due to the small number of our samples, it would be better to study more widely so that other differences such as the length of the scapula and the glenoid width can be achieved, and more confidently, that these two attributes do not play a role in determining the sex.","PeriodicalId":50010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Anatomical Society of India","volume":"2 1","pages":"187 - 192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139365783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jasi.jasi_153_22
E. Bozdemir, Özlem Yarbasi
Objective: Cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) is one of the most common congenital craniofacial anomalies. Individuals with CLP experience numerous problems including lack of nutrition, impaired speech, hearing loss, obstruction of nasolacrimal duct, poor dentition and facial morphology, and sinusitis. This study aimed to compare the nasolacrimal canal morphometry (nasolacrimal duct [NLD]), maxillary sinus ostium (MSO) localization, and presence of the accessory maxillary ostium (AMO) in patients with unilateral or bilateral CLP with healthy controls. Materials and Methods: The transversal and anteroposterior diameters and the length of the NLD were measured in 33 patients with unilateral CLP and 30 patients with bilateral CLP using cone-beam computed tomography. There were 16 (53.3%) males and 14 females (46.7%) in the bilateral CLP group and 18 males and 15 females in the unilateral CLP group. The mean ages of the patients were 17.36 ± 5.27 in patients with unilateral CLP and 18.6 ± 5.66 in patients with bilateral CLP. The anteroposterior location of the MSO and AMO was evaluated. Results: The transversal (P = 0.003) and anteroposterior (P = 0.002) diameters of NLD were found to be significantly different between the patients with bilateral CLP and the control group. The NLD length was found to be significantly different between the control group and the affected sides in the unilateral CLP group (P = 0.02). The MSO was found more in the middle region in the control group compared to the unilateral CLP group (P = 0.004). The AMO was found in 66.7% of the patients with bilateral CLP and 62.1% of the patients with unilateral CLP. The AMO was found more in the control group than in the bilateral CLP group (P = 0.01). Conclusions: Cleft lip and palate is an anomaly that can affect both the diameter and the length of the NLD and MSO localization.
{"title":"Three-dimensional evaluation of the nasolacrimal duct and maxillary sinus ostium in patients with cleft lip and palate","authors":"E. Bozdemir, Özlem Yarbasi","doi":"10.4103/jasi.jasi_153_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jasi.jasi_153_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) is one of the most common congenital craniofacial anomalies. Individuals with CLP experience numerous problems including lack of nutrition, impaired speech, hearing loss, obstruction of nasolacrimal duct, poor dentition and facial morphology, and sinusitis. This study aimed to compare the nasolacrimal canal morphometry (nasolacrimal duct [NLD]), maxillary sinus ostium (MSO) localization, and presence of the accessory maxillary ostium (AMO) in patients with unilateral or bilateral CLP with healthy controls. Materials and Methods: The transversal and anteroposterior diameters and the length of the NLD were measured in 33 patients with unilateral CLP and 30 patients with bilateral CLP using cone-beam computed tomography. There were 16 (53.3%) males and 14 females (46.7%) in the bilateral CLP group and 18 males and 15 females in the unilateral CLP group. The mean ages of the patients were 17.36 ± 5.27 in patients with unilateral CLP and 18.6 ± 5.66 in patients with bilateral CLP. The anteroposterior location of the MSO and AMO was evaluated. Results: The transversal (P = 0.003) and anteroposterior (P = 0.002) diameters of NLD were found to be significantly different between the patients with bilateral CLP and the control group. The NLD length was found to be significantly different between the control group and the affected sides in the unilateral CLP group (P = 0.02). The MSO was found more in the middle region in the control group compared to the unilateral CLP group (P = 0.004). The AMO was found in 66.7% of the patients with bilateral CLP and 62.1% of the patients with unilateral CLP. The AMO was found more in the control group than in the bilateral CLP group (P = 0.01). Conclusions: Cleft lip and palate is an anomaly that can affect both the diameter and the length of the NLD and MSO localization.","PeriodicalId":50010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Anatomical Society of India","volume":"110 1","pages":"193 - 198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139366080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: The body mass index (BMI) together with gender and age widely affect the movements of joints of the individual. The increments in the magnitude of weight of body have a detrimental impact on the interaction of joints and muscles which have a long-term impact on balance and posture of the individual. The posture and balance is compromised to a great extent by the reduction of joints of the lower limb. Objectives: To calculate the BMI, range of motion (ROM) of ankle joints in both flexed and extended knee positions bilaterally and to correlate the effects of BMI on the ROM of ankle joint. Materials and Methods: The Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida was the place of this cross-sectional study in which 235 subjects (108 males and 127 females) in the age group of 18–25 years participated voluntarily. Results: One-way ANOVA analysis of bilateral values of ankle dorsiflexion with flexed and extended knee of both sides revealed a statistically significant difference with a progressive decrease in the values from normal to obese group. Conclusion: The findings of the present study could prove useful for designing rehabilitative interventions for the overweight and obese subjects with the aim to improve their activities of daily living and reduce the morbidity from increased body mass.
{"title":"Correlation of body mass index with ankle joint range of motion in young adults","authors":"Rachna Rohatgi, Aditi Bhatnagar, Nirupma Gupta, Manjari Jain","doi":"10.4103/jasi.jasi_87_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jasi.jasi_87_23","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The body mass index (BMI) together with gender and age widely affect the movements of joints of the individual. The increments in the magnitude of weight of body have a detrimental impact on the interaction of joints and muscles which have a long-term impact on balance and posture of the individual. The posture and balance is compromised to a great extent by the reduction of joints of the lower limb. Objectives: To calculate the BMI, range of motion (ROM) of ankle joints in both flexed and extended knee positions bilaterally and to correlate the effects of BMI on the ROM of ankle joint. Materials and Methods: The Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida was the place of this cross-sectional study in which 235 subjects (108 males and 127 females) in the age group of 18–25 years participated voluntarily. Results: One-way ANOVA analysis of bilateral values of ankle dorsiflexion with flexed and extended knee of both sides revealed a statistically significant difference with a progressive decrease in the values from normal to obese group. Conclusion: The findings of the present study could prove useful for designing rehabilitative interventions for the overweight and obese subjects with the aim to improve their activities of daily living and reduce the morbidity from increased body mass.","PeriodicalId":50010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Anatomical Society of India","volume":"2 1","pages":"262 - 266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139366178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jasi.jasi_138_22
Mustafa Ozturk, Harun Ulger, Ibrahim Ozsoy, Mehmet Tezcan, A. Savranlar
Objective: Morphological determination of the location, position, and level of the intrathoracic organs in relation to the thoracic vertebrae of individuals with anterior chest wall deformity using computed tomography (CT) images. Study Design: Retrospective study. Place and Duration of Study: Kayseri Health Practice and Research Center, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Kayseri, Turkey, January 2020–January 2022. Subjects and Methods: In the study, clinical and morphological measurements of intrathoracic organs were performed on thorax CT images of 80 patients with pectus excavatum (PE) and 70 pectus carinatum (PC) diagnose. Results: The mean Haller index (HI) of patients with PE was measured at the highest T11 (Female: 3.79 cm, Male: 3.67 cm) and lowest at T7 (Female: 3.41 cm, Male: 3 cm). The mean HI at all levels (T5-T11) was higher than healthy individuals (P < 0.05). PE severity was higher in women than men. Due to the increase in the severity of PE, it was determined that the heart was displaced in the left anterior, left posterior and downward directions, and the cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) increased. In severe cases, it was seen that the aorta was located on the left side of the corpus vertebrae in the left posterior region. In patients with PC, the most severe HI value was measured at the T7 level (1.54 cm) in women and at the T9 level (1.42 cm) in men. There was no significant difference between the CTRs of patients with PC and healthy individuals. Conclusion: We think that knowing the location, position, and levels of the organs in cases with anterior chest wall deformity will shed light on clinical studies.
目的使用计算机断层扫描（CT）图像，从形态学角度确定前胸壁畸形患者胸腔内脏器的位置、位置和水平与胸椎的关系。研究设计：回顾性研究。研究地点和时间：土耳其开塞利土耳其健康科学大学开塞利健康实践与研究中心，2020 年 1 月至 2022 年 1 月。研究对象和方法：在研究中，对 80 名挖空胸（PE）患者和 70 名贲门失弛缓症（PC）诊断患者的胸部 CT 图像进行了胸内器官的临床和形态测量。结果显示在最高的 T11（女性：3.79 厘米，男性：3.67 厘米）和最低的 T7（女性：3.41 厘米，男性：3 厘米）处测量 PE 患者的平均霍勒指数（HI）。所有级别（T5-T11）的平均 HI 均高于健康人（P < 0.05）。女性的 PE 严重程度高于男性。随着 PE 严重程度的增加，心脏向左前方、左后方和下方移位，心胸比（CTR）也随之增加。在严重病例中，可以看到主动脉位于左后部椎体的左侧。在 PC 患者中，女性在 T7 水平（1.54 厘米）和男性在 T9 水平（1.42 厘米）测得的 HI 值最为严重。PC 患者的 CTR 与健康人无明显差异。结论：我们认为，了解前胸壁畸形患者器官的位置、位置和水平将对临床研究有所启发。
{"title":"Investigation of intrathoracic morphology in computed tomography images of individuals with anterior chest wall deformity","authors":"Mustafa Ozturk, Harun Ulger, Ibrahim Ozsoy, Mehmet Tezcan, A. Savranlar","doi":"10.4103/jasi.jasi_138_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jasi.jasi_138_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Morphological determination of the location, position, and level of the intrathoracic organs in relation to the thoracic vertebrae of individuals with anterior chest wall deformity using computed tomography (CT) images. Study Design: Retrospective study. Place and Duration of Study: Kayseri Health Practice and Research Center, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Kayseri, Turkey, January 2020–January 2022. Subjects and Methods: In the study, clinical and morphological measurements of intrathoracic organs were performed on thorax CT images of 80 patients with pectus excavatum (PE) and 70 pectus carinatum (PC) diagnose. Results: The mean Haller index (HI) of patients with PE was measured at the highest T11 (Female: 3.79 cm, Male: 3.67 cm) and lowest at T7 (Female: 3.41 cm, Male: 3 cm). The mean HI at all levels (T5-T11) was higher than healthy individuals (P < 0.05). PE severity was higher in women than men. Due to the increase in the severity of PE, it was determined that the heart was displaced in the left anterior, left posterior and downward directions, and the cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) increased. In severe cases, it was seen that the aorta was located on the left side of the corpus vertebrae in the left posterior region. In patients with PC, the most severe HI value was measured at the T7 level (1.54 cm) in women and at the T9 level (1.42 cm) in men. There was no significant difference between the CTRs of patients with PC and healthy individuals. Conclusion: We think that knowing the location, position, and levels of the organs in cases with anterior chest wall deformity will shed light on clinical studies.","PeriodicalId":50010,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Anatomical Society of India","volume":"3 1","pages":"205 - 210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139365264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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