Pub Date : 2023-10-11DOI: 10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.2
Ewa Paczoska
The article deals with religious issues in selected novels by Eliza Orzeszkowa. The writer often manifested her distance to the Polish national Church and at the same time asked in her works about the possibility of creating a new type of religious community. The search of Orzeszkowa’s heroines is interpreted in the article in the context of the works of English women writers of the 19th century associated with the current of religious revival (Charlotte Brontë, Elizabeth Gaskell, George Eliot).
{"title":"W poszukiwaniu wspólnoty. Eliza Orzeszkowa w kręgu pytań pisarek angielskich XIX wieku","authors":"Ewa Paczoska","doi":"10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.2","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with religious issues in selected novels by Eliza Orzeszkowa. The writer often manifested her distance to the Polish national Church and at the same time asked in her works about the possibility of creating a new type of religious community. The search of Orzeszkowa’s heroines is interpreted in the article in the context of the works of English women writers of the 19th century associated with the current of religious revival (Charlotte Brontë, Elizabeth Gaskell, George Eliot).","PeriodicalId":500644,"journal":{"name":"Przegląd Humanistyczny","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136252987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-11DOI: 10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.9
Iga Walaszczyk
Examining the idea of initiation in Hanna Krzemieniecka’s novel Fatum. Studium psychologiczne [Fate. A Psychological Study], this paper aims to show how the Polish modernist writer uses this topos. I try to highlight the role of the occult in Polish literary modernism, noting that Krzemieniecka attempts to outline a scenario of difficult initiation characteristic of the modern world by using theosophical concepts and other esoteric tropes in an original way.
{"title":"Scenariusze inicjacyjne w \"Fatum. Studium psychologicznym\" Hanny Krzemienieckiej","authors":"Iga Walaszczyk","doi":"10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.9","url":null,"abstract":"Examining the idea of initiation in Hanna Krzemieniecka’s novel Fatum. Studium psychologiczne [Fate. A Psychological Study], this paper aims to show how the Polish modernist writer uses this topos. I try to highlight the role of the occult in Polish literary modernism, noting that Krzemieniecka attempts to outline a scenario of difficult initiation characteristic of the modern world by using theosophical concepts and other esoteric tropes in an original way.","PeriodicalId":500644,"journal":{"name":"Przegląd Humanistyczny","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136253153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-11DOI: 10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.6
Tomasz Herbich
The article characterizes two different variants of the relationship between religion and emancipation that appear in Stanisław Brzozowski’s writings. A comparison of the two articles (Religia i społeczeństwo [Religion and Society] and Alfred Loisy i zagadnienia modernizmu katolickiego [Alfred Loisy and the Issues of Catholic Modernism]), written over a period of only three years, leads to the conclusion that the radical change in the philosopher’s views on the relationship between the supernatural and human activity is the key to interpreting the difference in his opinions on religion. At the end of the article, however, I draw attention to the fact that both positions – negating religion from an emancipatory position and affirming it – can be found in Brzozowski’s earlier writings, which leads one to believe that the aforementioned difference between the two views can be captured not only diachronically, but also synchronically. The latter approach could serve to consider the hypothesis according to which Brzozowski’s position on the relationship between religion and emancipation was dependent on his views on the relationship between emancipation and the rational, cognitive element.
本文对Stanisław中出现的宗教与解放关系的两种不同变体进行了分析。比较这两篇文章(Religia i społeczeństwo[宗教与社会]和Alfred Loisy i zagadnienia modernizmu katolickiego [Alfred Loisy与天主教现代主义问题])，这两篇文章写于短短三年的时间内，可以得出结论，哲学家对超自然与人类活动之间关系的观点发生了根本性的变化，这是解释他对宗教观点差异的关键。然而，在文章的最后，我提请注意这样一个事实，即两种立场——从解放的立场否定宗教和肯定宗教——都可以在Brzozowski的早期作品中找到，这使人们相信，上述两种观点之间的差异不仅可以从历时上捕捉到，而且可以从共时上捕捉到。后一种方法可以用来考虑这样一种假设:根据这种假设，布佐佐斯基对宗教与解放之间关系的立场取决于他对解放与理性、认知因素之间关系的看法。
{"title":"Nadprzyrodzoność a wyzwolenie człowieka. Wokół związków religii i emancypacji w pismach Stanisława Brzozowskiego","authors":"Tomasz Herbich","doi":"10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.6","url":null,"abstract":"The article characterizes two different variants of the relationship between religion and emancipation that appear in Stanisław Brzozowski’s writings. A comparison of the two articles (Religia i społeczeństwo [Religion and Society] and Alfred Loisy i zagadnienia modernizmu katolickiego [Alfred Loisy and the Issues of Catholic Modernism]), written over a period of only three years, leads to the conclusion that the radical change in the philosopher’s views on the relationship between the supernatural and human activity is the key to interpreting the difference in his opinions on religion. At the end of the article, however, I draw attention to the fact that both positions – negating religion from an emancipatory position and affirming it – can be found in Brzozowski’s earlier writings, which leads one to believe that the aforementioned difference between the two views can be captured not only diachronically, but also synchronically. The latter approach could serve to consider the hypothesis according to which Brzozowski’s position on the relationship between religion and emancipation was dependent on his views on the relationship between emancipation and the rational, cognitive element.","PeriodicalId":500644,"journal":{"name":"Przegląd Humanistyczny","volume":"2014 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136252980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-11DOI: 10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.5
Tadeusz Stegner
Two currents clashed in Protestantism in the 19th century, including in the Kingdom of Poland: the Rationalist, whose adherents believed that the content of the revelation should be interpreted in a manner consistent with the requirements of rational thinking, according to which God should be known through using reason, and the second current, the Orthodox, which strictly followed the principles established by Martin Luther. The former had considerable support among the clergy, the latter among the majority of the faithful. To the Orthodox movement belonged Leopold Otto, a pastor in Warsaw and Cieszyn, editor of Zwiastun Ewangeliczny [The Evangelical Announcer], the first periodical of Polish evangelicals. In the press and in sermons printed later, he argued with the views of the rationalists. The vehemence of Otto’s attacks on rationalism stemmed not only from religious motives, but also from the fact that its supporters were at the same time opponents of the national idea propagated by Otto in Poland. Dostęp do pełnych treści artykułu jest płatny i dostępny tylko dla
在19世纪的新教中，包括在波兰王国，有两股思潮发生冲突:理性主义者，其追随者认为启示的内容应该以符合理性思维要求的方式来解释，根据这种要求，上帝应该通过理性来认识;第二股，东正教，严格遵循马丁·路德建立的原则。前者得到神职人员的大力支持，后者得到大多数信徒的支持。华沙牧师利奥波德·奥托(Leopold Otto)和波兰福音派第一份期刊《福音派报道员》(Zwiastun Ewangeliczny)的编辑切申(Cieszyn)都属于东正教运动。在后来出版的报刊和布道中，他与理性主义者的观点进行了争论。奥托对理性主义的猛烈抨击不仅源于宗教动机，还因为理性主义的支持者同时也是奥托在波兰宣传的民族思想的反对者。Dostęp do pełnych treści artykułu jest płatny i dostępny tylko dla
{"title":"Racjonaliści i ortodoksi. Pastor Leopold Otto wobec głównych nurtów w dziewiętnastowiecznym protestantyzmie","authors":"Tadeusz Stegner","doi":"10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.5","url":null,"abstract":"Two currents clashed in Protestantism in the 19th century, including in the Kingdom of Poland: the Rationalist, whose adherents believed that the content of the revelation should be interpreted in a manner consistent with the requirements of rational thinking, according to which God should be known through using reason, and the second current, the Orthodox, which strictly followed the principles established by Martin Luther. The former had considerable support among the clergy, the latter among the majority of the faithful. To the Orthodox movement belonged Leopold Otto, a pastor in Warsaw and Cieszyn, editor of Zwiastun Ewangeliczny [The Evangelical Announcer], the first periodical of Polish evangelicals. In the press and in sermons printed later, he argued with the views of the rationalists. The vehemence of Otto’s attacks on rationalism stemmed not only from religious motives, but also from the fact that its supporters were at the same time opponents of the national idea propagated by Otto in Poland. Dostęp do pełnych treści artykułu jest płatny i dostępny tylko dla","PeriodicalId":500644,"journal":{"name":"Przegląd Humanistyczny","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136253154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-11DOI: 10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.1
Magdalena Sadlik
The topic signaled by the title is presented on the basis of several journalistic texts: the controversial book Thalitha kumi and articles by “fighting” women, including Cecylia Walewska, Kazimiera Bujwidowa, Iza Moszczeńska, Maria Turzyma, and Maria Czesława Przewóska. The fate of women over the centuries presented in them forms the “history of injustice,” which was blamed on, among other things, Christianity, which had distorted the teachings of Jesus. In the name of fighting forces hostile to progress, emancipatory journalism repeatedly attacked the institutional Church, seen as a bedrock of conservatism, backwardness, and dogmatism.
{"title":"„Największym pariasem rodu ludzkiego jest kobieta chrześcijanka” (?) Kościół i religia w dyskursie emancypacyjnym","authors":"Magdalena Sadlik","doi":"10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.1","url":null,"abstract":"The topic signaled by the title is presented on the basis of several journalistic texts: the controversial book Thalitha kumi and articles by “fighting” women, including Cecylia Walewska, Kazimiera Bujwidowa, Iza Moszczeńska, Maria Turzyma, and Maria Czesława Przewóska. The fate of women over the centuries presented in them forms the “history of injustice,” which was blamed on, among other things, Christianity, which had distorted the teachings of Jesus. In the name of fighting forces hostile to progress, emancipatory journalism repeatedly attacked the institutional Church, seen as a bedrock of conservatism, backwardness, and dogmatism.","PeriodicalId":500644,"journal":{"name":"Przegląd Humanistyczny","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136252984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-11DOI: 10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.8
Rozalia Wojkiewicz
The subject of the article is the poetic series Witraże [Stained Glass] by Zofia Wojnarowska, de domo Zacharkiewicz (1881–1967), published in her debut volume Poezje [Poems] in 1913. This intriguing work consists of three lyrical monologues: “Magdalena Immortalis,” “Mahadewa,” and “Sanctus Augustinus,” which can be interpreted as a unique example of a stained-glass poem in the poetry of Young Poland and evidence of the author’s religious interests. Stained glass here has been endowed with exceptional meanings as an equivalent of the spiritual experiences of the three lyrical heroes.
本文的主题是Zofia Wojnarowska, de domo Zacharkiewicz(1881-1967)的诗歌系列Witraże[彩色玻璃]，于1913年发表在她的处女作《诗》中。这部引人入胜的作品由“Magdalena Immortalis”，“Mahadewa”和“Sanctus Augustinus”三个抒情独白组成，可以解释为年轻波兰诗歌中彩色玻璃诗的独特例子，也是作者宗教兴趣的证据。彩色玻璃在这里被赋予了特殊的意义，相当于三位抒情英雄的精神体验。
{"title":"Żywoty świętych w \"Witrażach\" Zofii Wojnarowskiej","authors":"Rozalia Wojkiewicz","doi":"10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.8","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of the article is the poetic series Witraże [Stained Glass] by Zofia Wojnarowska, de domo Zacharkiewicz (1881–1967), published in her debut volume Poezje [Poems] in 1913. This intriguing work consists of three lyrical monologues: “Magdalena Immortalis,” “Mahadewa,” and “Sanctus Augustinus,” which can be interpreted as a unique example of a stained-glass poem in the poetry of Young Poland and evidence of the author’s religious interests. Stained glass here has been endowed with exceptional meanings as an equivalent of the spiritual experiences of the three lyrical heroes.","PeriodicalId":500644,"journal":{"name":"Przegląd Humanistyczny","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136252986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-11DOI: 10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.4
Sabina Brzozowska
The paper analyses the human-nature-eschatology relationship from a historiosophical perspective, using as an example the motif of a dog in three different prose works by Władysław Reymont: Chłopi [The Peasants], the short story Dola [The Fate], and the anti-utopian novel Bunt [The Revolt]. The theme/motif/character of the dog constitutes an axis for the analysis of the problem of man’s duty towards weaker beings, which is the foundation of the animal theology formulated by Andrew Linzey. The paper reveals the mechanisms of violence against dogs in various circumstances and historical moments. The author explains the issues of the positive valuation of animal behavior present in Reymont’s prose, as well as the emotions shown by animals and the salvation of non-human beings. Despite blurring the boundaries between species, Reymont does not completely abandon the anthropocentric perspective.
{"title":"Teologia zwierząt według Reymonta","authors":"Sabina Brzozowska","doi":"10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.4","url":null,"abstract":"The paper analyses the human-nature-eschatology relationship from a historiosophical perspective, using as an example the motif of a dog in three different prose works by Władysław Reymont: Chłopi [The Peasants], the short story Dola [The Fate], and the anti-utopian novel Bunt [The Revolt]. The theme/motif/character of the dog constitutes an axis for the analysis of the problem of man’s duty towards weaker beings, which is the foundation of the animal theology formulated by Andrew Linzey. The paper reveals the mechanisms of violence against dogs in various circumstances and historical moments. The author explains the issues of the positive valuation of animal behavior present in Reymont’s prose, as well as the emotions shown by animals and the salvation of non-human beings. Despite blurring the boundaries between species, Reymont does not completely abandon the anthropocentric perspective.","PeriodicalId":500644,"journal":{"name":"Przegląd Humanistyczny","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136254120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-11DOI: 10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.3
Renata Stachura-Lupa
The paper is devoted to the question of how Lucjan Siemieński perceived St. Teresa of Ávila, a Spanish mystic, and her works. Siemieński’s interest in mysticism developed in the 1870s, i.e., in the last stage of his life, which the poet spent in Cracow. It reflects both his fascination with the European tradition, which, as a translator, he assimilated into the Polish culture since adolescence, and the conviction (shared with conservatives from Cracow) about the important role of the Catholic Church in history. Familiarizing the Polish reader with the life and work of the Spanish saint, Siemieński emphasizes the practical and intellectual aspects of her apostolic mission. In his essay, the gender of the protagonist in no way determines her social or religious position. The critic does not address the emancipatory dimension of her activities. By presenting her image to the readers and translating her poetry into Polish, he supports the tradition of Catholic literature and Catholicism, hoping that they will contribute to the revival of the nation.
{"title":"Mistycyzm – konserwatyzm – emancypacja. Lucjan Siemieński czyta św. Teresę z Ávili","authors":"Renata Stachura-Lupa","doi":"10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.3","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is devoted to the question of how Lucjan Siemieński perceived St. Teresa of Ávila, a Spanish mystic, and her works. Siemieński’s interest in mysticism developed in the 1870s, i.e., in the last stage of his life, which the poet spent in Cracow. It reflects both his fascination with the European tradition, which, as a translator, he assimilated into the Polish culture since adolescence, and the conviction (shared with conservatives from Cracow) about the important role of the Catholic Church in history. Familiarizing the Polish reader with the life and work of the Spanish saint, Siemieński emphasizes the practical and intellectual aspects of her apostolic mission. In his essay, the gender of the protagonist in no way determines her social or religious position. The critic does not address the emancipatory dimension of her activities. By presenting her image to the readers and translating her poetry into Polish, he supports the tradition of Catholic literature and Catholicism, hoping that they will contribute to the revival of the nation.","PeriodicalId":500644,"journal":{"name":"Przegląd Humanistyczny","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136252982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-11DOI: 10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.7
Damian Włodzimierz Makuch
The article outlines the process of translating John William Draper’s historical works into Polish and shows how these translations were evaluated against the background of the reception of the American scientist’s ideas. The author describes the historical conditions for the transfer of Draperism, identifies the translation tactics of Polish translators, and traces how critics with different worldviews reacted to the results of their work. Using this example, he tries to show that in the second half of the 19th century, the Polish (counter)discourse of secularization developed under extremely difficult conditions related to censorship and morality, so the translation tactics of Draper’s historiography can be considered an emancipatory gesture.
{"title":"Szczeliny dla wolnomyślnych powiewów. Polskie taktyki przekładowe dzieł Johna Williama Drapera","authors":"Damian Włodzimierz Makuch","doi":"10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31338/2657-599x.ph.2023-2.7","url":null,"abstract":"The article outlines the process of translating John William Draper’s historical works into Polish and shows how these translations were evaluated against the background of the reception of the American scientist’s ideas. The author describes the historical conditions for the transfer of Draperism, identifies the translation tactics of Polish translators, and traces how critics with different worldviews reacted to the results of their work. Using this example, he tries to show that in the second half of the 19th century, the Polish (counter)discourse of secularization developed under extremely difficult conditions related to censorship and morality, so the translation tactics of Draper’s historiography can be considered an emancipatory gesture.","PeriodicalId":500644,"journal":{"name":"Przegląd Humanistyczny","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136252981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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