Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000310
Marlene Försterling, Laura Hainke, A. Redkina, P. Sauseng
Abstract. Bilingualism has been associated with better cognitive control as compared to monolingualism. However, the robustness of the respective findings is subject to a recent debate, and moderators should be taken into consideration. We reasoned that groups immersed in their second language should show a greater bilingual advantage in cognitive control as compared to non-immersed participants. Further, stimulus language (first or second language), word similarity in the two languages (similar or dissimilar), as well as congruency between ink and word were varied. Forty-five participants from three different language groups (Romance, Slavic, and German) conducted a Stroop task while EEG was recorded. Higher cognitive control demand was operationalized as (1) longer reaction times, (2) higher error rates, (3) stronger N400, (4) increased Late Positive Complex (LPC), and (5) stronger Frontal Midline Theta activity. The classical Stroop interference effect was replicated for all dependent variables. Contrary to expectation, participants immersed in their second language did not exhibit any inhibition advantage in the Stroop task. Moreover, higher script similarity between first and second languages led to faster response times in general. Results are discussed in light of the current debate on the existence of a bilingual advantage in cognitive control.
{"title":"Influence of Bilingualism on Behavioral and Electrophysiological Parameters of Cognitive Control","authors":"Marlene Försterling, Laura Hainke, A. Redkina, P. Sauseng","doi":"10.1027/0269-8803/a000310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803/a000310","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Bilingualism has been associated with better cognitive control as compared to monolingualism. However, the robustness of the respective findings is subject to a recent debate, and moderators should be taken into consideration. We reasoned that groups immersed in their second language should show a greater bilingual advantage in cognitive control as compared to non-immersed participants. Further, stimulus language (first or second language), word similarity in the two languages (similar or dissimilar), as well as congruency between ink and word were varied. Forty-five participants from three different language groups (Romance, Slavic, and German) conducted a Stroop task while EEG was recorded. Higher cognitive control demand was operationalized as (1) longer reaction times, (2) higher error rates, (3) stronger N400, (4) increased Late Positive Complex (LPC), and (5) stronger Frontal Midline Theta activity. The classical Stroop interference effect was replicated for all dependent variables. Contrary to expectation, participants immersed in their second language did not exhibit any inhibition advantage in the Stroop task. Moreover, higher script similarity between first and second languages led to faster response times in general. Results are discussed in light of the current debate on the existence of a bilingual advantage in cognitive control.","PeriodicalId":50075,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychophysiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48503235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000311
E. Erdogan, Z. Küçük, G. Eskikurt, A. Kurt, Numan Ermutlu, S. Karamürsel
Abstract. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) studies in healthy volunteers have shown conflicting results in terms of modulation in pain thresholds. The aim of this study was to investigate how single session anodal tDCS and modulated tDCS (mtDCS) of distinct cortical areas affected pain and perception thresholds in healthy participants. Five different stimulation conditions were applied at different cortical sites to 20 healthy volunteers to investigate the effects of tDCS and mtDCS (20 Hz) on pain and perception thresholds. TDCS over the motor cortex (M1), mtDCS over the motor cortex, tDCS over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), mtDCS of the DLPFC, and mtDCS over the occipital cortex were the stimulation conditions. All of the stimulations were anodal. The stimulations were given in a randomized order at 20-minute intervals. For comparison, electrical pain and perception thresholds were obtained from the right middle finger before and during the tDCS. After each measurement, participants were asked to give a score to their pain. In repeated measures analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA) test, the Condition × Time interaction showed no significant influence on changes in pain, perception thresholds, and pain scores ( p = .48, p = .89, and p = .50, respectively). However, regardless of the condition types, there was a significant difference in pain and perceptual thresholds during tDCS ( p = .01, p = .025, respectively). Our findings did not support difference in pain and perception modulation by a single session anodal tDCS over M1 and DLPFC compared to the occipital cortex in healthy volunteers. The increase in all thresholds during tDCS, irrespective of conditions, and peripheral sensations, including an active control group, taken together, suggest a placebo effect of active tDCS. Future studies about pain and perception in healthy subjects should consider the level of experimental pain and a strong placebo effect.
{"title":"Single Session Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Different Cortical Areas","authors":"E. Erdogan, Z. Küçük, G. Eskikurt, A. Kurt, Numan Ermutlu, S. Karamürsel","doi":"10.1027/0269-8803/a000311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803/a000311","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) studies in healthy volunteers have shown conflicting results in terms of modulation in pain thresholds. The aim of this study was to investigate how single session anodal tDCS and modulated tDCS (mtDCS) of distinct cortical areas affected pain and perception thresholds in healthy participants. Five different stimulation conditions were applied at different cortical sites to 20 healthy volunteers to investigate the effects of tDCS and mtDCS (20 Hz) on pain and perception thresholds. TDCS over the motor cortex (M1), mtDCS over the motor cortex, tDCS over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), mtDCS of the DLPFC, and mtDCS over the occipital cortex were the stimulation conditions. All of the stimulations were anodal. The stimulations were given in a randomized order at 20-minute intervals. For comparison, electrical pain and perception thresholds were obtained from the right middle finger before and during the tDCS. After each measurement, participants were asked to give a score to their pain. In repeated measures analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA) test, the Condition × Time interaction showed no significant influence on changes in pain, perception thresholds, and pain scores ( p = .48, p = .89, and p = .50, respectively). However, regardless of the condition types, there was a significant difference in pain and perceptual thresholds during tDCS ( p = .01, p = .025, respectively). Our findings did not support difference in pain and perception modulation by a single session anodal tDCS over M1 and DLPFC compared to the occipital cortex in healthy volunteers. The increase in all thresholds during tDCS, irrespective of conditions, and peripheral sensations, including an active control group, taken together, suggest a placebo effect of active tDCS. Future studies about pain and perception in healthy subjects should consider the level of experimental pain and a strong placebo effect.","PeriodicalId":50075,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychophysiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48362746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-16DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000307
K. Christensen, Nicole R. Feeling, R. Rienecke
Abstract. Binge-eating disorder (BED) is associated with a greater risk for cardiac problems and co-occurring health conditions. Resting-state measures of high-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV), which is a physiological proxy of self-regulatory neural functioning, may aid understanding of health risks. We systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed the literature on HF-HRV in individuals with BED and without BED. Six studies were reviewed in the qualitative synthesis, and five studies assessing HRV in individuals with BED ( n = 153) and without BED ( n = 124) were included in the meta-analysis. A non-significant effect size (Hedges’ g = .08, SE = 0.36, 95% CI [−0.62, 0.78]; z = 0.23, p = .82) was found, suggesting no difference in HF-HRV between groups. Age, BMI, and BMI-matched control status were not significant covariates. Synthesizing the five studies with available data, we found no difference in resting-state HF-HRV between individuals with and without BED. There was high heterogeneity in the sample, suggesting potential moderators. We discuss potential mechanisms, methodological and demographic confounds, and future directions for study.
{"title":"Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Resting-State High-Frequency Heart Rate Variability in Binge-Eating Disorder","authors":"K. Christensen, Nicole R. Feeling, R. Rienecke","doi":"10.1027/0269-8803/a000307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803/a000307","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Binge-eating disorder (BED) is associated with a greater risk for cardiac problems and co-occurring health conditions. Resting-state measures of high-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV), which is a physiological proxy of self-regulatory neural functioning, may aid understanding of health risks. We systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed the literature on HF-HRV in individuals with BED and without BED. Six studies were reviewed in the qualitative synthesis, and five studies assessing HRV in individuals with BED ( n = 153) and without BED ( n = 124) were included in the meta-analysis. A non-significant effect size (Hedges’ g = .08, SE = 0.36, 95% CI [−0.62, 0.78]; z = 0.23, p = .82) was found, suggesting no difference in HF-HRV between groups. Age, BMI, and BMI-matched control status were not significant covariates. Synthesizing the five studies with available data, we found no difference in resting-state HF-HRV between individuals with and without BED. There was high heterogeneity in the sample, suggesting potential moderators. We discuss potential mechanisms, methodological and demographic confounds, and future directions for study.","PeriodicalId":50075,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychophysiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48160714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-16DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000309
Yaqi Hu, Qing Ni, Wei Lü
Abstract. This study aimed to investigate whether and how avoidant personality disorder symptoms are related to cardiovascular reactivity to stress tasks with different levels of cognitive demands. The revised Chinese edition of the avoidant personality disorder subscale of Personality Diagnosed Questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4+) was administered to 222 undergraduate students randomly assigned to psychological stress tasks (i.e., mental arithmetic tasks) with low, moderate, or high cognitive demands (manipulated by task difficulty), during which their physiological data were continuously collected. Results showed that avoidant personality disorder symptoms and cognitive demands of tasks interactively predicted systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) reactivity. In specific, avoidant personality disorder symptoms were not associated with SBP reactivity under the low- and moderate-demand conditions and DBP reactivity under the low-demand condition but were associated with blunted SBP reactivity under the high-demand condition and blunted DBP reactivity under the moderate- and high-demand conditions. These findings indicate that the association between avoidant personality disorder symptoms and cardiovascular reactivity to psychological stress is contingent on the cognitive demands of tasks, which have potential implications for physical health.
{"title":"Avoidant Personality Disorder Symptoms and Cardiovascular Reactivity to Psychological Stress Tasks With Increasing Cognitive Demands","authors":"Yaqi Hu, Qing Ni, Wei Lü","doi":"10.1027/0269-8803/a000309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803/a000309","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This study aimed to investigate whether and how avoidant personality disorder symptoms are related to cardiovascular reactivity to stress tasks with different levels of cognitive demands. The revised Chinese edition of the avoidant personality disorder subscale of Personality Diagnosed Questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4+) was administered to 222 undergraduate students randomly assigned to psychological stress tasks (i.e., mental arithmetic tasks) with low, moderate, or high cognitive demands (manipulated by task difficulty), during which their physiological data were continuously collected. Results showed that avoidant personality disorder symptoms and cognitive demands of tasks interactively predicted systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) reactivity. In specific, avoidant personality disorder symptoms were not associated with SBP reactivity under the low- and moderate-demand conditions and DBP reactivity under the low-demand condition but were associated with blunted SBP reactivity under the high-demand condition and blunted DBP reactivity under the moderate- and high-demand conditions. These findings indicate that the association between avoidant personality disorder symptoms and cardiovascular reactivity to psychological stress is contingent on the cognitive demands of tasks, which have potential implications for physical health.","PeriodicalId":50075,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychophysiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46924364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-21DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000305
M. Bayat, R. Boostani, M. Sabeti, F. Yadegari, M. Taghavi, Mohammadreza Pirmoradi, P. Chakrabarti, M. Nami
Abstract. The relationship between anxiety and stuttering has always been a topic of debate with a great emphasis on research focused on examining whether speech-related anxiety can exacerbate stuttering. This investigation compares some speech-related anticipatory anxiety indices in fluent and dysfluent utterances in adults who stutter (AWS). We scored the level of cognitive speech-related anxiety (anticipatory anxiety) using a self-reporting method and also evaluated the autonomic aspects of anxiety (state anxiety) through recording changes in Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) signals. Explaining the link between stuttering and anxiety is expected to assist practitioners in stuttering assessment and subsequent treatment strategies. Phasic GSR values of six events related to answering the verbal stimuli through fluent and dysfluent responses were registered to measure sympathetic arousal as an index of state anxiety in 20 AWS ( Mage = 35 ± 4 years, range: 21–42). To quantitatively examine the cognitive aspects of speech-related anticipatory anxiety, two questionnaires were rated by participants addressing the stuttering anticipation and semantic difficulty of verbal stimuli. GSR measures of fluent events were significantly higher than dysfluent counterparts within time windows before and during answering aloud the verbal stimuli ( p < .001). Later in the experiment, GSR values of dysfluent events were found to be higher than their fluent counterparts ( p < .001). Stuttering anticipation yielded a weak negative meaningful correlation with the scores of fluency ( r = −0.283, p = .046) and a positive yet nonsignificant correlation with the stuttering scores. The semantic difficulty had a moderately significant correlation with stuttering anticipation ( r = 0.354, p = .012) but not a meaningful correlation with fluency state. Autonomic and cognitive indices of speech-related anticipatory anxiety are not robust predictors of fluency. Anxiety seems to be more of a consequence of stuttering than a cause.
摘要焦虑和口吃之间的关系一直是一个争论的话题，研究的重点是研究语言相关的焦虑是否会加剧口吃。本研究比较了成人口吃患者流利和不流利话语的预期焦虑指数。我们使用自我报告的方法对认知言语相关焦虑(预期焦虑)的水平进行评分，并通过记录皮肤电反应(GSR)信号的变化来评估焦虑的自主方面(状态焦虑)。解释口吃和焦虑之间的联系有望帮助从业者进行口吃评估和随后的治疗策略。通过流利和不流利反应回答言语刺激相关的六个事件的相相GSR值被记录下来，以测量交感神经兴奋作为20名AWS(年龄= 35±4岁，范围:21-42)的状态焦虑指数。为了定量研究言语相关预期焦虑的认知方面，参与者对言语刺激的口吃预期和语义困难进行了两份问卷评估。在大声回答言语刺激之前和期间，流利事件的GSR测量值显著高于不流利事件的对应时间窗(p < 0.001)。在实验后期，发现非流利事件的GSR值高于流利事件(p < 0.001)。结巴预期与流利性得分呈弱的负相关(r = - 0.283, p = 0.046)，与结巴得分呈正相关但不显著。语义困难与结巴预期有中度显著相关(r = 0.354, p = 0.012)，但与流利状态无显著相关。与言语相关的预期焦虑的自主和认知指数不是流利性的有力预测指标。焦虑似乎更多的是口吃的结果，而不是原因。
{"title":"Speech Related Anxiety in Adults Who Stutter","authors":"M. Bayat, R. Boostani, M. Sabeti, F. Yadegari, M. Taghavi, Mohammadreza Pirmoradi, P. Chakrabarti, M. Nami","doi":"10.1027/0269-8803/a000305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803/a000305","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The relationship between anxiety and stuttering has always been a topic of debate with a great emphasis on research focused on examining whether speech-related anxiety can exacerbate stuttering. This investigation compares some speech-related anticipatory anxiety indices in fluent and dysfluent utterances in adults who stutter (AWS). We scored the level of cognitive speech-related anxiety (anticipatory anxiety) using a self-reporting method and also evaluated the autonomic aspects of anxiety (state anxiety) through recording changes in Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) signals. Explaining the link between stuttering and anxiety is expected to assist practitioners in stuttering assessment and subsequent treatment strategies. Phasic GSR values of six events related to answering the verbal stimuli through fluent and dysfluent responses were registered to measure sympathetic arousal as an index of state anxiety in 20 AWS ( Mage = 35 ± 4 years, range: 21–42). To quantitatively examine the cognitive aspects of speech-related anticipatory anxiety, two questionnaires were rated by participants addressing the stuttering anticipation and semantic difficulty of verbal stimuli. GSR measures of fluent events were significantly higher than dysfluent counterparts within time windows before and during answering aloud the verbal stimuli ( p < .001). Later in the experiment, GSR values of dysfluent events were found to be higher than their fluent counterparts ( p < .001). Stuttering anticipation yielded a weak negative meaningful correlation with the scores of fluency ( r = −0.283, p = .046) and a positive yet nonsignificant correlation with the stuttering scores. The semantic difficulty had a moderately significant correlation with stuttering anticipation ( r = 0.354, p = .012) but not a meaningful correlation with fluency state. Autonomic and cognitive indices of speech-related anticipatory anxiety are not robust predictors of fluency. Anxiety seems to be more of a consequence of stuttering than a cause.","PeriodicalId":50075,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychophysiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41905352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-25DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000303
{"title":"Correction to Gupta, Kujawa, & Vago, 2021","authors":"","doi":"10.1027/0269-8803/a000303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803/a000303","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50075,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychophysiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47574182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-05DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000299
R. La Marca, Gianandrea Pallich, M. Holtforth, B. Hochstrasser
Abstract. Depression is one of the most prevalent mental disorders, with treatment outcomes generally being unsatisfactory. The identification of outcome predictors could contribute to improving diagnosis, treatment, and outcome. Heart rate variability (HRV), an index of cardiovagal activity, has been proposed as a potential correlate of depression as well as a predictor of treatment effectiveness. The aim of the present study was to examine if HRV at baseline could predict the outcome of inpatient treatment for stress-related depressive disorder (SRDD). Depressive symptoms of n = 57 inpatients with an SRDD, who were treated in a specialized burnout ward, were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) at the beginning, the end of treatment, and at 3-month follow-up. HRV (i.e., RMSSD, the root mean square of successive RR interval differences) was determined from a five-minute measurement in the supine position. RMSSD was not significantly associated with the BDI score at the beginning, end, and follow-up. Higher RMSSD was revealed to be a significant predictor of a stronger decrease in depressive severity from the beginning to the end of the treatment. Thereby, the regression model explained 7.6% of the total variance in the BDI decrease. The results revealed initial HRV to predict a larger decrease in depressive severity. Therefore, resting HRV represents a physiological resource and index of successful neurovisceral interaction, which supports inpatients in benefitting from specialized treatment.
{"title":"Higher Resting Cardiovagal Activity Predicts Larger Decrease of Depressive Symptoms in Inpatients Treated for Stress-Related Depression","authors":"R. La Marca, Gianandrea Pallich, M. Holtforth, B. Hochstrasser","doi":"10.1027/0269-8803/a000299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803/a000299","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Depression is one of the most prevalent mental disorders, with treatment outcomes generally being unsatisfactory. The identification of outcome predictors could contribute to improving diagnosis, treatment, and outcome. Heart rate variability (HRV), an index of cardiovagal activity, has been proposed as a potential correlate of depression as well as a predictor of treatment effectiveness. The aim of the present study was to examine if HRV at baseline could predict the outcome of inpatient treatment for stress-related depressive disorder (SRDD). Depressive symptoms of n = 57 inpatients with an SRDD, who were treated in a specialized burnout ward, were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) at the beginning, the end of treatment, and at 3-month follow-up. HRV (i.e., RMSSD, the root mean square of successive RR interval differences) was determined from a five-minute measurement in the supine position. RMSSD was not significantly associated with the BDI score at the beginning, end, and follow-up. Higher RMSSD was revealed to be a significant predictor of a stronger decrease in depressive severity from the beginning to the end of the treatment. Thereby, the regression model explained 7.6% of the total variance in the BDI decrease. The results revealed initial HRV to predict a larger decrease in depressive severity. Therefore, resting HRV represents a physiological resource and index of successful neurovisceral interaction, which supports inpatients in benefitting from specialized treatment.","PeriodicalId":50075,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychophysiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42899792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-05DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000302
S. Garbarino, P. Lanteri, W. Sannita
{"title":"Measures of Brain Function and the Spectrum of Disorder(s) Concept","authors":"S. Garbarino, P. Lanteri, W. Sannita","doi":"10.1027/0269-8803/a000302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803/a000302","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50075,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychophysiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41867754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-05DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000300
Mehmet Bülent Sönmez, Işıl Avcu Meriç, Büşra Sübay*, Yasemin Görgülü
Abstract. Lower levels of interoceptive awareness (IA) may be present in individuals with substance use disorder (SUD), and damage to related brain regions caused by substance use may disrupt IA. Disturbance in the bodily feedback system may fail to engage in effective decision-making. This study focused on the premise that interoceptive accuracy (IAc), as the primary construct of IA, is implicated in SUD and that poor IAc is linked to risky decision-making and adversely affects treatment outcomes. Eighty-five patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) (current severity: moderate or severe) and 87 healthy control subjects were enrolled in the present study. All participants performed the heart rate tracking task and a computerized version of the Iowa gambling task (IGT). Characteristics of patients’ addiction profiles were assessed with the Addiction Profile Index (API) Clinical Form. IAc and IGT scores of patients with AUD were lower than healthy controls. IGT scores of patients with low IAc were lower than those of patients with high IAc and decreased IAc is predictive of decreased IGT scores. No significant differences were determined in treatment outcomes at 3, 6, and 12 months after hospitalization between the low-IAc and high-IAc patient groups. Our results suggest that IAc is implicated in AUD and that poor IAc is predictive of increased risky decision-making. Risky decision-making that results in substance use may be partly related to a deficit in the interoceptive ability to guide behavior. Focus on IAc without reference to complex clinical case presentations in AUD makes it difficult to draw any definitive conclusions about the role of IAc in clinical outcomes.
{"title":"Relationship of Interoceptive Accuracy With Risky Decision-Making and Treatment Outcomes in Male Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder","authors":"Mehmet Bülent Sönmez, Işıl Avcu Meriç, Büşra Sübay*, Yasemin Görgülü","doi":"10.1027/0269-8803/a000300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803/a000300","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Lower levels of interoceptive awareness (IA) may be present in individuals with substance use disorder (SUD), and damage to related brain regions caused by substance use may disrupt IA. Disturbance in the bodily feedback system may fail to engage in effective decision-making. This study focused on the premise that interoceptive accuracy (IAc), as the primary construct of IA, is implicated in SUD and that poor IAc is linked to risky decision-making and adversely affects treatment outcomes. Eighty-five patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) (current severity: moderate or severe) and 87 healthy control subjects were enrolled in the present study. All participants performed the heart rate tracking task and a computerized version of the Iowa gambling task (IGT). Characteristics of patients’ addiction profiles were assessed with the Addiction Profile Index (API) Clinical Form. IAc and IGT scores of patients with AUD were lower than healthy controls. IGT scores of patients with low IAc were lower than those of patients with high IAc and decreased IAc is predictive of decreased IGT scores. No significant differences were determined in treatment outcomes at 3, 6, and 12 months after hospitalization between the low-IAc and high-IAc patient groups. Our results suggest that IAc is implicated in AUD and that poor IAc is predictive of increased risky decision-making. Risky decision-making that results in substance use may be partly related to a deficit in the interoceptive ability to guide behavior. Focus on IAc without reference to complex clinical case presentations in AUD makes it difficult to draw any definitive conclusions about the role of IAc in clinical outcomes.","PeriodicalId":50075,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychophysiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41771234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-05DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000301
S. Becker, Birgit Spinath, B. Ditzen, T. Dörfler
Abstract. The present study analyzed experimentally the association between the experience of psychological stress and the physiological stress response of prospective teachers. The experienced stress was assessed by self-reported data. Cortisol concentrations via saliva samples reflected the physiological response. The results show no difference between the stress and the control group in the experience of psychological stress. However, the stress group had significantly increased cortisol concentrations compared to the control group. The study could not show any correlation between the two stress parameters. The results suggest that a stress response should be validated based not only on the experience of psychological stress but also on the physiological stress response. This is particularly crucial in light of the fact that the majority of studies concerning stress in teachers are limited to experiences of psychological stress so far. Due to this, the results may provide a first important contribution to a more comprehensive stress assessment for teachers.
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