Abstract ASME flanges are extensively used in the pressure vessels and piping industry. The origin of their class and size is not based on the amount of initial bolt load they can carry nor the level of tightness they can achieve. Their PV rating does not give an indication on the level of stress they are subject to and little is known on their ability to withstand the maximum bolt stress level they can be subjected to during initial bolt-up or under operation. The integrity and leak tightness of ASME B16.5 and B16.47 series A flanges made of SA105 material need to be analyzed individually in order to identify the flange classes and sizes that are more vulnerable to the bolt stress level. This paper proposes the use of an accurate analytical model to appropriately address the integrity and leakage tightness of the complex statically indeterminate weld neck standard flange connections based on the flexibility and the elastic interaction between the different joint elements. As such, the most critical standard flanges in terms of class and size will be identified in order to avoid failure. The model is first tested and validated using finite element method simulations on different sizes of class 900 flanges. The study investigates the effect of the initial bolt preload on parameters such as flange rotation and stresses in the flange, gaskets, and bolts. The most critical size and class flanges and their highly stressed locations will be revealed.
{"title":"On The Strength And Tightness Of Asme B16.5 And B16.47 Series A Standard Flanges","authors":"Abdel-Hakim Bouzid, Sofiane Bouzid, Khaled Benfriha","doi":"10.1115/1.4063890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063890","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract ASME flanges are extensively used in the pressure vessels and piping industry. The origin of their class and size is not based on the amount of initial bolt load they can carry nor the level of tightness they can achieve. Their PV rating does not give an indication on the level of stress they are subject to and little is known on their ability to withstand the maximum bolt stress level they can be subjected to during initial bolt-up or under operation. The integrity and leak tightness of ASME B16.5 and B16.47 series A flanges made of SA105 material need to be analyzed individually in order to identify the flange classes and sizes that are more vulnerable to the bolt stress level. This paper proposes the use of an accurate analytical model to appropriately address the integrity and leakage tightness of the complex statically indeterminate weld neck standard flange connections based on the flexibility and the elastic interaction between the different joint elements. As such, the most critical standard flanges in terms of class and size will be identified in order to avoid failure. The model is first tested and validated using finite element method simulations on different sizes of class 900 flanges. The study investigates the effect of the initial bolt preload on parameters such as flange rotation and stresses in the flange, gaskets, and bolts. The most critical size and class flanges and their highly stressed locations will be revealed.","PeriodicalId":50080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135087893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Models of creep rupture data for CF8C-Plus Austenitic steel are presented and compared to recently published models of the same data. Metrics for the accuracy of these models are compared and the reliability of extrapolations to times of practical interest is discussed.
{"title":"A Re-Evaluation of Rupture Data for CF8C-Plus Austenitic Stainless Steel","authors":"John Bolton","doi":"10.1115/1.4064044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4064044","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Models of creep rupture data for CF8C-Plus Austenitic steel are presented and compared to recently published models of the same data. Metrics for the accuracy of these models are compared and the reliability of extrapolations to times of practical interest is discussed.","PeriodicalId":50080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135241242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Long-distance buried pipelines are one of the most common and economical transportation methods for oil and gas, but the fault movement will pose a threat to the safety of pipelines. The main challenge of pipeline under strike-slip faults is to improve the ability of resistance to fault dislocation, and the main aim of the study is how to improve the critical fault displacement of pipelines with the help of polyurethane isolation layer. 3-D finite element models were proposed for mechanical analysis of X80 buried steel pipe with polyurethane isolation layer under strike-slip fault. The influence of factors on the mechanical properties of pipelines were studied, such as thickness of isolation layer, internal pressure, fault displacement, diameter-thickness ratio and the angle of pipe and fault line. The simulation results indicate that with the increase of the thickness of the isolation layer, the development of the maximum tensile and compressive strain of the pipeline is significantly reduced for the same fault displacement, resulting in a significant increase in the critical fault displacement corresponding to the three failure modes of the pipeline. As the ratio of diameter to thickness and internal pressure decrease, the critical displacements decrease. When designing and planning the pipeline, pipeline is recommended with the seismic isolation layer, large wall thickness and the crossing-angle at 70°~80°. The research provided a reference for judgment of earthquake resistance, failure analysis and safety design of pipelines with polyurethane isolation layer crossing strike-slip faults.
{"title":"Mechanical Properties of Buried Steel Pipe With Polyurethane Isolation Layer Under Strike-Slip Fault","authors":"Jinghong Xue, li Ji","doi":"10.1115/1.4063976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063976","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Long-distance buried pipelines are one of the most common and economical transportation methods for oil and gas, but the fault movement will pose a threat to the safety of pipelines. The main challenge of pipeline under strike-slip faults is to improve the ability of resistance to fault dislocation, and the main aim of the study is how to improve the critical fault displacement of pipelines with the help of polyurethane isolation layer. 3-D finite element models were proposed for mechanical analysis of X80 buried steel pipe with polyurethane isolation layer under strike-slip fault. The influence of factors on the mechanical properties of pipelines were studied, such as thickness of isolation layer, internal pressure, fault displacement, diameter-thickness ratio and the angle of pipe and fault line. The simulation results indicate that with the increase of the thickness of the isolation layer, the development of the maximum tensile and compressive strain of the pipeline is significantly reduced for the same fault displacement, resulting in a significant increase in the critical fault displacement corresponding to the three failure modes of the pipeline. As the ratio of diameter to thickness and internal pressure decrease, the critical displacements decrease. When designing and planning the pipeline, pipeline is recommended with the seismic isolation layer, large wall thickness and the crossing-angle at 70°~80°. The research provided a reference for judgment of earthquake resistance, failure analysis and safety design of pipelines with polyurethane isolation layer crossing strike-slip faults.","PeriodicalId":50080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135934001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soroosh Hakimian, Abdel-Hakim Bouzid, Lucas A. Hof
Abstract This study discusses the corrosion behavior of bolted flanged gasketed joint systems. A novel fixture is proposed to quantify the corrosion at the gasket-flange interface under services conditions. Due to the presence of crevices and potential differences between gaskets and flanges, corrosion widely occurs in such joints. Crevice corrosion and galvanic corrosion can create paths to leakage of the pressurized fluid and may cause catastrophic failure. Corrosion in bolted gasketed joints was investigated previously; however, the effects of the operating conditions were not reported. Operating conditions include fluid flow, pressure, pH, conductivity, temperature, and gasket contact pressure. This study starts by introducing a new experimental setup to examine the corrosion behavior of bolted flanged gasketed joints. The developed fixture consists of a pressurized bolted gasketed joint that enables real-time monitoring and recording of the corrosion parameters under the influence of service conditions. Secondly, potentiodynamic polarization testing is conducted to measure the corrosion rate and obtain data on the corrosion behavior of a pair of flange and gasket materials. These tests are performed using the novel setup that reproduces the behavior of industrial bolted flanged gasketed joint systems. It consists of a working electrode (flange material), a reference electrode (Ag/AgCl), and an auxiliary electrode (a stainless-steel rod). Three types of graphite gaskets compressed in the fixture are subject to electrochemical corrosion tests with a 0.6 M NaCl solution. The morphology of the specimen's corroded surfaces is examined via confocal laser microscopy.
摘要本研究讨论了螺栓-法兰-衬垫连接系统的腐蚀行为。提出了一种新的夹具来量化在使用条件下垫片-法兰界面的腐蚀。由于衬垫和法兰之间存在裂缝和潜在的差异，腐蚀广泛发生在这些连接处。缝隙腐蚀和电偶腐蚀会造成加压流体泄漏，并可能导致灾难性的破坏。先前对螺栓密封接头的腐蚀进行了研究;然而，没有报告操作条件的影响。操作条件包括流体流量、压力、pH值、电导率、温度和垫片接触压力。本研究首先介绍了一种新的实验装置来检查螺栓法兰垫圈连接的腐蚀行为。开发的夹具由加压螺栓垫圈连接组成，可以实时监控和记录使用条件影响下的腐蚀参数。其次，通过动电位极化试验测量了一对法兰和垫片材料的腐蚀速率，获得了腐蚀行为数据。这些测试是使用新的设置，再现工业螺栓法兰垫圈连接系统的行为。它由工作电极(法兰材料)、参比电极(Ag/AgCl)和辅助电极(不锈钢棒)组成。用0.6 M NaCl溶液对三种类型的石墨垫片进行电化学腐蚀试验。通过共聚焦激光显微镜检查试样腐蚀表面的形貌。
{"title":"An Improved Fixture to Quantify Corrosion in Bolted Flanged Gasketed Joints","authors":"Soroosh Hakimian, Abdel-Hakim Bouzid, Lucas A. Hof","doi":"10.1115/1.4063975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063975","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study discusses the corrosion behavior of bolted flanged gasketed joint systems. A novel fixture is proposed to quantify the corrosion at the gasket-flange interface under services conditions. Due to the presence of crevices and potential differences between gaskets and flanges, corrosion widely occurs in such joints. Crevice corrosion and galvanic corrosion can create paths to leakage of the pressurized fluid and may cause catastrophic failure. Corrosion in bolted gasketed joints was investigated previously; however, the effects of the operating conditions were not reported. Operating conditions include fluid flow, pressure, pH, conductivity, temperature, and gasket contact pressure. This study starts by introducing a new experimental setup to examine the corrosion behavior of bolted flanged gasketed joints. The developed fixture consists of a pressurized bolted gasketed joint that enables real-time monitoring and recording of the corrosion parameters under the influence of service conditions. Secondly, potentiodynamic polarization testing is conducted to measure the corrosion rate and obtain data on the corrosion behavior of a pair of flange and gasket materials. These tests are performed using the novel setup that reproduces the behavior of industrial bolted flanged gasketed joint systems. It consists of a working electrode (flange material), a reference electrode (Ag/AgCl), and an auxiliary electrode (a stainless-steel rod). Three types of graphite gaskets compressed in the fixture are subject to electrochemical corrosion tests with a 0.6 M NaCl solution. The morphology of the specimen's corroded surfaces is examined via confocal laser microscopy.","PeriodicalId":50080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135973125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicholas Klymyshyn, Kriston Brooks, Nathan Barrett
Abstract The pressure vessels needed to store hydrogen for next-generation hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are expected to be a substantial portion of the total system mass, volume, and cost. Gravimetric capacity, volumetric capacity, and cost per kilogram of usable hydrogen are key performance metrics that the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) uses to determine the viability of hydrogen fuel cell systems. Research and development related to hydrogen storage systems covers a wide range of potential operating conditions, from cryogenic temperatures to high temperatures (above ambient) and low pressure to high pressure. Researchers at PNNL have developed methods for estimating these key pressure vessel characteristics to support on-board hydrogen storage system design and performance evaluation and to support decision-making about DOE's hydrogen storage system research investments. This article describes the pressure tank estimation methodology that has been used as a stand-alone calculation and has been incorporated into larger system evaluation tools. The methodology estimates the geometry, mass, and material cost of Type I, Type III, and Type IV pressure vessels based on operating pressure and material strength at the system's operating temperature, using classical thin-wall and thick-wall pressure vessel stress calculations. The geometry, mass, and material cost requirements of the pressure vessel have significant impacts on the total system performance.
{"title":"Methods For Estimating Hydrogen Fuel Tank Characteristics","authors":"Nicholas Klymyshyn, Kriston Brooks, Nathan Barrett","doi":"10.1115/1.4063884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063884","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The pressure vessels needed to store hydrogen for next-generation hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are expected to be a substantial portion of the total system mass, volume, and cost. Gravimetric capacity, volumetric capacity, and cost per kilogram of usable hydrogen are key performance metrics that the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) uses to determine the viability of hydrogen fuel cell systems. Research and development related to hydrogen storage systems covers a wide range of potential operating conditions, from cryogenic temperatures to high temperatures (above ambient) and low pressure to high pressure. Researchers at PNNL have developed methods for estimating these key pressure vessel characteristics to support on-board hydrogen storage system design and performance evaluation and to support decision-making about DOE's hydrogen storage system research investments. This article describes the pressure tank estimation methodology that has been used as a stand-alone calculation and has been incorporated into larger system evaluation tools. The methodology estimates the geometry, mass, and material cost of Type I, Type III, and Type IV pressure vessels based on operating pressure and material strength at the system's operating temperature, using classical thin-wall and thick-wall pressure vessel stress calculations. The geometry, mass, and material cost requirements of the pressure vessel have significant impacts on the total system performance.","PeriodicalId":50080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136316862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yiran Wang, xiaodong Yu, Jiachun Liu, Lin Shi, Jian Zhang
Abstract Long-distance water supply systems are important measures to improve the water resources distribution, and the water hammer protection devices such as air vessels are usually added in the project to ensure the safety and stable operation. However, the sediment particles are always ignored in the design. Hence, a numerical model and program were established for sediment laden water hammer based on the method of characteristics (MOC). Using the proposed model, the water hammer protection influences of sediment particles parameters are simulated for the same pipeline system of a water supply project. The result shows that the resistance loss of sediment-laden water in pipelines is larger than that of water, and the initial head of pump needed to be increased to ensure the water levels of downstream reservoirs are consistent. After power failure and pump stopping, the negative pressure wave of sediment-laden water is 2.97m higher than that of water, and the theoretical minimum internal pressure along pipelines is 7.8m lower. With the same air vessel protection, the lowest minimum internal pressure heads along pipelines decrease with the increase of quantities of sediment, while the results show no obvious influence by changes of median particle diameters. The lowest pressure of pipeline could reach -0.69m under the condition of 50kg/m3 quantity of sediment and 0.05mm median particle diameter. The relevant research results are of great significance sediment-laden water hammer numerical simulation and water hammer protection design.
{"title":"Influences Of Sediment Particles On Air Vessel Water Hammer Protection Effect In The Long-Distance Water Supply Systems","authors":"Yiran Wang, xiaodong Yu, Jiachun Liu, Lin Shi, Jian Zhang","doi":"10.1115/1.4063888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063888","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Long-distance water supply systems are important measures to improve the water resources distribution, and the water hammer protection devices such as air vessels are usually added in the project to ensure the safety and stable operation. However, the sediment particles are always ignored in the design. Hence, a numerical model and program were established for sediment laden water hammer based on the method of characteristics (MOC). Using the proposed model, the water hammer protection influences of sediment particles parameters are simulated for the same pipeline system of a water supply project. The result shows that the resistance loss of sediment-laden water in pipelines is larger than that of water, and the initial head of pump needed to be increased to ensure the water levels of downstream reservoirs are consistent. After power failure and pump stopping, the negative pressure wave of sediment-laden water is 2.97m higher than that of water, and the theoretical minimum internal pressure along pipelines is 7.8m lower. With the same air vessel protection, the lowest minimum internal pressure heads along pipelines decrease with the increase of quantities of sediment, while the results show no obvious influence by changes of median particle diameters. The lowest pressure of pipeline could reach -0.69m under the condition of 50kg/m3 quantity of sediment and 0.05mm median particle diameter. The relevant research results are of great significance sediment-laden water hammer numerical simulation and water hammer protection design.","PeriodicalId":50080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136317547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The present study investigates the effect of the defect width on the burst capacity of corroded pipelines repaired with fiber reinforced polymer composite. Parametric finite element analyses are carried out to evaluate the burst capacities of composite-repaired pipes containing localized and full-circumferential corrosion defects. The analysis results indicate that burst capacities of composite-repaired pipes containing localized defects can be markedly lower than those of composite-repaired pipes with full-circumferential defects. The burst capacity model derived from the design equation recommended in the ASME PCC-2 code is found to be non-conservative for composite-repaired pipes with localized defects based on the parametric finite element analyses. An empirical equation for the defect width correction factor is then developed and shown to be highly effective in improving the predictive accuracy of the PCC-2 burst capacity model.
{"title":"Investigation Of The Defect Width Effect On The Burst Capacity Of Composite-Repaired Pipelines With Corrosion Defects Using Finite Element Analysis","authors":"Rodrigo Silva, Wenxing Zhou","doi":"10.1115/1.4063889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063889","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present study investigates the effect of the defect width on the burst capacity of corroded pipelines repaired with fiber reinforced polymer composite. Parametric finite element analyses are carried out to evaluate the burst capacities of composite-repaired pipes containing localized and full-circumferential corrosion defects. The analysis results indicate that burst capacities of composite-repaired pipes containing localized defects can be markedly lower than those of composite-repaired pipes with full-circumferential defects. The burst capacity model derived from the design equation recommended in the ASME PCC-2 code is found to be non-conservative for composite-repaired pipes with localized defects based on the parametric finite element analyses. An empirical equation for the defect width correction factor is then developed and shown to be highly effective in improving the predictive accuracy of the PCC-2 burst capacity model.","PeriodicalId":50080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136318275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charalampos Karvelas, Giannoula Chatzopoulou, Anna Zervaki, Spyros A. Karamanos, Ilias Strepelias, Xenofon Palios, Stathis Bousias
Abstract The paper presents a combined experimental and numerical investigation of cyclic loading response of an internally pressurized 8-inch-diameter steel piping system. The piping system comprises three elbows and is subjected to quasi-static end-displacement excitation. Global deformation and local strain measurements are obtained, indicating significant strain ratcheting at critical locations of the elbows. The piping system failed under low-cycle fatigue undergoing through-thickness cracking at the flank of the most strained elbow, after 129 loading cycles with measured strain range of approximately 3%. Postfatigue metallographic examination of the elbows indicated that fatigue cracking initiates from the inner surface of the pipe elbow. In all elbows, several microcracks develop along the inner surface of elbow flanks, whereas the outer surface remained practically intact before through-thickness cracking occurred. Finite element simulations, with a cyclic-plasticity model calibrated properly in terms of small-scale material tests, provide very good predictions in terms of local strain evolution at critical locations. Numerical results at the intrados and the extrados of the critical elbow of the piping system verify strain ratcheting and the location of crack initiation observed in the experiments. This paper can be used as a reference for future experiments on cyclic loading of piping components, and for benchmarking constitutive modeling for simulating ratcheting.
{"title":"Mechanical Response Of An Industrial Piping System Under Strong Cyclic Loading","authors":"Charalampos Karvelas, Giannoula Chatzopoulou, Anna Zervaki, Spyros A. Karamanos, Ilias Strepelias, Xenofon Palios, Stathis Bousias","doi":"10.1115/1.4063113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063113","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper presents a combined experimental and numerical investigation of cyclic loading response of an internally pressurized 8-inch-diameter steel piping system. The piping system comprises three elbows and is subjected to quasi-static end-displacement excitation. Global deformation and local strain measurements are obtained, indicating significant strain ratcheting at critical locations of the elbows. The piping system failed under low-cycle fatigue undergoing through-thickness cracking at the flank of the most strained elbow, after 129 loading cycles with measured strain range of approximately 3%. Postfatigue metallographic examination of the elbows indicated that fatigue cracking initiates from the inner surface of the pipe elbow. In all elbows, several microcracks develop along the inner surface of elbow flanks, whereas the outer surface remained practically intact before through-thickness cracking occurred. Finite element simulations, with a cyclic-plasticity model calibrated properly in terms of small-scale material tests, provide very good predictions in terms of local strain evolution at critical locations. Numerical results at the intrados and the extrados of the critical elbow of the piping system verify strain ratcheting and the location of crack initiation observed in the experiments. This paper can be used as a reference for future experiments on cyclic loading of piping components, and for benchmarking constitutive modeling for simulating ratcheting.","PeriodicalId":50080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135667684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fluid transients without friction in pipelines can be solved by a time-domain exact solution, using a simple recursive process without computational grid. But the calculation time cost of this approach is very high because of the recursion algorithm. Its improved method, named as the fast meshless solution (FMS), was developed to speed the computation by introducing the time-line interpolation. However, when the friction is considered, the conventional distributed friction model cannot be employed directly for the FMS is meshless. To address this problem, the fluid friction is lumped at pipe ends, and both steady and unsteady laminar flow are investigated. Three kinds of lumped models are proposed here, and compared with a numerical case of the water hammer. The laminar fluid transients can be calculated fast by the present method, with a little reduced accuracy. This method may be of interest in a quick assessment of the piping fluid transients.
{"title":"Fast Meshless Solution with Lumped Friction for Laminar Fluid Transients","authors":"Yuanzhi Xu, Yang Deng, Zongxia Jiao","doi":"10.1115/1.4063364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063364","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Fluid transients without friction in pipelines can be solved by a time-domain exact solution, using a simple recursive process without computational grid. But the calculation time cost of this approach is very high because of the recursion algorithm. Its improved method, named as the fast meshless solution (FMS), was developed to speed the computation by introducing the time-line interpolation. However, when the friction is considered, the conventional distributed friction model cannot be employed directly for the FMS is meshless. To address this problem, the fluid friction is lumped at pipe ends, and both steady and unsteady laminar flow are investigated. Three kinds of lumped models are proposed here, and compared with a numerical case of the water hammer. The laminar fluid transients can be calculated fast by the present method, with a little reduced accuracy. This method may be of interest in a quick assessment of the piping fluid transients.","PeriodicalId":50080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48972532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Durai, Huang Chun Wei, Chi-Chuan Peng, Chou-wei Lan, K. Son, Ho Chang
Long-distance pipelines are commonly used to transport oil, natural gas, water, etc. However, long-term use without maintenance causes the residue in the pipeline to gradually settle inside the pipeline due to physical or chemical action, and the pipeline becomes an accident. This leads to overpressure and leakages in the pipeline, which in turn affects the safety of the industry and people's lives. The objective of this study is to develop a non-destructive inspection to measure defects in a water pipeline using an ultrasonic technique. The simulated pipe is a SCH80 carbon steel pipe with a standard thickness of about 11mm, and defects such as holes and grooves inside and outside the pipe were designed. A submerged ultrasonic transducer is used to evaluate the simulated pipe defects and acquire the defect data in an imaging system using LabVIEW and Origin software. As a result, the thickness and location of the defects are clearly evaluated. In addition, the ultrasonic detection error was calculated to be less than 6.5%. This helps to use this technique and equipment for the inspection of underground fluid pipelines.
{"title":"Experimental Study On The Simulated Defects Detection In Submerged Transmission Pipeline","authors":"M. Durai, Huang Chun Wei, Chi-Chuan Peng, Chou-wei Lan, K. Son, Ho Chang","doi":"10.1115/1.4063292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063292","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Long-distance pipelines are commonly used to transport oil, natural gas, water, etc. However, long-term use without maintenance causes the residue in the pipeline to gradually settle inside the pipeline due to physical or chemical action, and the pipeline becomes an accident. This leads to overpressure and leakages in the pipeline, which in turn affects the safety of the industry and people's lives. The objective of this study is to develop a non-destructive inspection to measure defects in a water pipeline using an ultrasonic technique. The simulated pipe is a SCH80 carbon steel pipe with a standard thickness of about 11mm, and defects such as holes and grooves inside and outside the pipe were designed. A submerged ultrasonic transducer is used to evaluate the simulated pipe defects and acquire the defect data in an imaging system using LabVIEW and Origin software. As a result, the thickness and location of the defects are clearly evaluated. In addition, the ultrasonic detection error was calculated to be less than 6.5%. This helps to use this technique and equipment for the inspection of underground fluid pipelines.","PeriodicalId":50080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49544112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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