Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.55737/qjssh.053741734
Farah Kanwal, Sadia Iqbal, Asma Javed
The goal of the current study, which included gender as a moderator, was to assess the effect of Facebook stalking on romantic partners' satisfaction with their relationships. Online A-priori statistics were used to justify the sample (Soper, 2018). Purposive sampling was used to select 320 university students from Punjab, Pakistan's four public and private universities (University of Central Punjab, Bahauddin Zakariya University, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur and Rahim Yar Khan Campuses). The Relationship Assessment Scale created by Hendrick et al. (1998) and the Cyber-Obsessional Pursuit Scale created by Spitzberg and Cupach (1999) were both used to gather the data. To analyze the data, SPSS (24.0) was used.
目前这项研究的目的是评估Facebook跟踪行为对恋人关系满意度的影响，其中包括性别作为调节因素。在线先验统计数据被用来证明样本的合理性(Soper, 2018)。有目的抽样从旁遮普、巴基斯坦四所公立和私立大学(旁遮普邦中央大学、巴哈乌丁·扎卡里亚大学、巴哈瓦尔布尔伊斯兰大学和拉希姆·亚尔汗校区)中选择了320名大学生。采用Hendrick et al.(1998)编制的关系评估量表和Spitzberg and Cupach(1999)编制的网络痴迷追求量表收集数据。采用SPSS(24.0)软件对数据进行分析。
{"title":"Stalking and Relationship Satisfaction among Partners","authors":"Farah Kanwal, Sadia Iqbal, Asma Javed","doi":"10.55737/qjssh.053741734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55737/qjssh.053741734","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of the current study, which included gender as a moderator, was to assess the effect of Facebook stalking on romantic partners' satisfaction with their relationships. Online A-priori statistics were used to justify the sample (Soper, 2018). Purposive sampling was used to select 320 university students from Punjab, Pakistan's four public and private universities (University of Central Punjab, Bahauddin Zakariya University, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur and Rahim Yar Khan Campuses). The Relationship Assessment Scale created by Hendrick et al. (1998) and the Cyber-Obsessional Pursuit Scale created by Spitzberg and Cupach (1999) were both used to gather the data. To analyze the data, SPSS (24.0) was used.","PeriodicalId":500840,"journal":{"name":"Qlantic Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities","volume":"154 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136277062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.55737/qjssh.546834164
Ayesha Kanwal, Aroob Zahid, Ayesha Afzal
This research paper investigates the benefits and challenges of implementing blended learning approaches at the university level in Pakistan. Blended learning, characterized by the integration of traditional classroom instruction and digital resources, has gained prominence as a potential solution to educational disparities. The study employs a mixed-methods research design to offer a nuanced understanding of this educational paradigm. The research draws upon a diverse population, encompassing educators from both public and private universities in Lahore, Pakistan. A sample of 400 university teachers was selected to represent this population, enabling a comprehensive examination of their perceptions and experiences with blended learning. Quantitative data from a Likert-scale survey assessed educators' views on blended learning benefits and challenges. Statistical analyses included correlation analysis, t-tests, chi-square tests, and logistic regression to explore relationships, differences between public and private university educators, and predictors of challenges in blended learning experiences. The findings of this study reveal a complex landscape. Blended learning is perceived as a promising avenue for reducing educational disparities and enhancing access to quality education, especially in underserved regions. This research underscores the importance of targeted support mechanisms for disadvantaged students and the need for meticulous planning and robust support systems to maximize the potential of blended learning.
{"title":"Investigating the Benefits and Challenges of Blended Learning Approaches at the University Level","authors":"Ayesha Kanwal, Aroob Zahid, Ayesha Afzal","doi":"10.55737/qjssh.546834164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55737/qjssh.546834164","url":null,"abstract":"This research paper investigates the benefits and challenges of implementing blended learning approaches at the university level in Pakistan. Blended learning, characterized by the integration of traditional classroom instruction and digital resources, has gained prominence as a potential solution to educational disparities. The study employs a mixed-methods research design to offer a nuanced understanding of this educational paradigm. The research draws upon a diverse population, encompassing educators from both public and private universities in Lahore, Pakistan. A sample of 400 university teachers was selected to represent this population, enabling a comprehensive examination of their perceptions and experiences with blended learning. Quantitative data from a Likert-scale survey assessed educators' views on blended learning benefits and challenges. Statistical analyses included correlation analysis, t-tests, chi-square tests, and logistic regression to explore relationships, differences between public and private university educators, and predictors of challenges in blended learning experiences. The findings of this study reveal a complex landscape. Blended learning is perceived as a promising avenue for reducing educational disparities and enhancing access to quality education, especially in underserved regions. This research underscores the importance of targeted support mechanisms for disadvantaged students and the need for meticulous planning and robust support systems to maximize the potential of blended learning.","PeriodicalId":500840,"journal":{"name":"Qlantic Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136277591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.55737/qjssh.066450023
Muhammad Asim Mahar, Jalil Ahmed, Asad Raza Talpur
Political communication and public opinion are two interlinked social phenomena. The impacts of political communication on public opinion may vary from region to region and country to country. However, in Pakistan, public opinion is shaped and influenced by political communication. This research enterprise tries to explore the relationship between political communication and public opinion in Pakistan. The study revolves around the view that there is a dearth of comprehension of the relationship between political communication and public opinion in Pakistan. The key objectives of this research include the investigation of the main channels of political communication in Pakistan and their implications on public opinion. The study also investigates features inducing the efficacy of political communication in Pakistan. To provide insight into this issue and fill the gap, this study has employed a descriptive method of research. The primary and secondary sources of data are incorporated. Available surveys are reviewed, and in-depth interviews with political communication experts are conducted to analyze the effectiveness of political communication in Pakistan. The study found that political communication has a mammoth impact on shaping public opinion in Pakistan.
{"title":"Political Communication and Public Opinion in Pakistan","authors":"Muhammad Asim Mahar, Jalil Ahmed, Asad Raza Talpur","doi":"10.55737/qjssh.066450023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55737/qjssh.066450023","url":null,"abstract":"Political communication and public opinion are two interlinked social phenomena. The impacts of political communication on public opinion may vary from region to region and country to country. However, in Pakistan, public opinion is shaped and influenced by political communication. This research enterprise tries to explore the relationship between political communication and public opinion in Pakistan. The study revolves around the view that there is a dearth of comprehension of the relationship between political communication and public opinion in Pakistan. The key objectives of this research include the investigation of the main channels of political communication in Pakistan and their implications on public opinion. The study also investigates features inducing the efficacy of political communication in Pakistan. To provide insight into this issue and fill the gap, this study has employed a descriptive method of research. The primary and secondary sources of data are incorporated. Available surveys are reviewed, and in-depth interviews with political communication experts are conducted to analyze the effectiveness of political communication in Pakistan. The study found that political communication has a mammoth impact on shaping public opinion in Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":500840,"journal":{"name":"Qlantic Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136344206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.55737/qjssh.228981160
Faiza Zaheer
The main purpose of this paper is to explore and examine the absence of an author in Virginia Woolf’s The Waves (1931) while applying Roland Barthe’s concept of ‘Death of the Author.’ This paper aims to explore the nine sections and the complex monologues of six characters while focusing on the movements of the sun from early morning till the nighttime. This research has tried to examine the absence of the author in the above-mentioned text to understand the six monologues, and characters who utter them and demonstrate their dissociation between the author and the text. This research is an attempt to explore the role of characters and how they delimit the author’s interference in the chameleonic status of social and psychological behaviors.
{"title":"Characters are the Authors in Virginia Woolf's The Waves (1931)","authors":"Faiza Zaheer","doi":"10.55737/qjssh.228981160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55737/qjssh.228981160","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this paper is to explore and examine the absence of an author in Virginia Woolf’s The Waves (1931) while applying Roland Barthe’s concept of ‘Death of the Author.’ This paper aims to explore the nine sections and the complex monologues of six characters while focusing on the movements of the sun from early morning till the nighttime. This research has tried to examine the absence of the author in the above-mentioned text to understand the six monologues, and characters who utter them and demonstrate their dissociation between the author and the text. This research is an attempt to explore the role of characters and how they delimit the author’s interference in the chameleonic status of social and psychological behaviors.","PeriodicalId":500840,"journal":{"name":"Qlantic Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135084879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.55737/qjssh.819252525
Sumera Imran, Shabeena Shaheen, Hina Waseem, Arshad Ali
The purpose of this qualitative study is to investigate science teachers’ perceptions of 21st-century skills, i.e., communication, collaboration, critical thinking, and creativity, called 4 C’s skills. This study employed a case study where participants were purposively selected in lower Dir Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A semi-structured interview was used for gathering data. Participants perceived the use of 4C skills for the effective teaching-learning process and the need for collaborative teamwork for the effective teaching-learning process. The data analysis proved the need to acquire 21st-century skills for teachers to be effective teachers, meet the needs of modern education, and be able to resolve issues skillfully that occur inside the classroom or outside the classroom. Further analysis of data revealed that the teachers are aware and perceive the usage of technological devices such as computers and the internet for education purposes as the need of the modern day. Fostering 21st-century beliefs by science teachers is an important goal for professional development, but care should be sought to emphasize broad teaching practices, including self-regulatory learning. Science teachers should develop creative, critical, analytical, problem-solving solving, and Metacognitive skills and should become broad-minded to constructivist teaching conceptions.
{"title":"Transformation of 21st Century Science Skills: Perceptions of Secondary School Teachers","authors":"Sumera Imran, Shabeena Shaheen, Hina Waseem, Arshad Ali","doi":"10.55737/qjssh.819252525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55737/qjssh.819252525","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this qualitative study is to investigate science teachers’ perceptions of 21st-century skills, i.e., communication, collaboration, critical thinking, and creativity, called 4 C’s skills. This study employed a case study where participants were purposively selected in lower Dir Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A semi-structured interview was used for gathering data. Participants perceived the use of 4C skills for the effective teaching-learning process and the need for collaborative teamwork for the effective teaching-learning process. The data analysis proved the need to acquire 21st-century skills for teachers to be effective teachers, meet the needs of modern education, and be able to resolve issues skillfully that occur inside the classroom or outside the classroom. Further analysis of data revealed that the teachers are aware and perceive the usage of technological devices such as computers and the internet for education purposes as the need of the modern day. Fostering 21st-century beliefs by science teachers is an important goal for professional development, but care should be sought to emphasize broad teaching practices, including self-regulatory learning. Science teachers should develop creative, critical, analytical, problem-solving solving, and Metacognitive skills and should become broad-minded to constructivist teaching conceptions.","PeriodicalId":500840,"journal":{"name":"Qlantic Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135127486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.55737/qjssh.413440589
Humera Omer Farooq, Hafsa Farrukh, Zainab khan
In this study, we explored the intricate relationship between teenage social media use and self-esteem, using data from a broad sample of 500 individuals ranging in age from 13 to 17, who represented a variety of demographics. Our research found a substantial inverse relationship between the number of hours teenagers spend using social media each day and their self-esteem, suggesting that greater usage is linked to lower self-esteem levels. Additionally, compared to their friends who mainly viewed images and videos on social media, those who engaged with text-based content more frequently showed somewhat higher self-esteem levels. The effect of social media use on self-esteem was confirmed by a multiple regression analysis, which controlled for variables like age, gender, socioeconomic status, and starting levels of self-esteem. These results are consistent with previous research, highlighting both the potential advantages and disadvantages of social media in developing adolescent self-esteem. Fostering digital literacy and encouraging candid conversations about self-worth and body image is essential for promoting healthy digital involvement. This study highlights the necessity for a balanced approach to online interactions in today's connected society by shedding light on the complex relationship between social media and teenage well-being.
{"title":"The Influence of Social Media on Adolescents' Self-Esteem","authors":"Humera Omer Farooq, Hafsa Farrukh, Zainab khan","doi":"10.55737/qjssh.413440589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55737/qjssh.413440589","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we explored the intricate relationship between teenage social media use and self-esteem, using data from a broad sample of 500 individuals ranging in age from 13 to 17, who represented a variety of demographics. Our research found a substantial inverse relationship between the number of hours teenagers spend using social media each day and their self-esteem, suggesting that greater usage is linked to lower self-esteem levels. Additionally, compared to their friends who mainly viewed images and videos on social media, those who engaged with text-based content more frequently showed somewhat higher self-esteem levels. The effect of social media use on self-esteem was confirmed by a multiple regression analysis, which controlled for variables like age, gender, socioeconomic status, and starting levels of self-esteem. These results are consistent with previous research, highlighting both the potential advantages and disadvantages of social media in developing adolescent self-esteem. Fostering digital literacy and encouraging candid conversations about self-worth and body image is essential for promoting healthy digital involvement. This study highlights the necessity for a balanced approach to online interactions in today's connected society by shedding light on the complex relationship between social media and teenage well-being.","PeriodicalId":500840,"journal":{"name":"Qlantic Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.55737/qjssh.613928646
Babar Ashraf Sheikh, Muhammad Ahmad-ur-Rehman, Zahid Hussain, Sajjad Ahmad Baig
The primary objective of this research is to discern the profound impact of distinct personality traits, namely agreeableness, conscientiousness, extraversion, openness to experience, and neuroticism, on consumer attitudes and perceptions of AR advertisements. Simultaneously, the study investigates the nuanced moderating role of brand image, examining its effect on the intricate interplay between personality traits and consumer attitudes. This investigation employs a robust quantitative approach, drawing upon a sample of 475 respondents meticulously selected through a purposive sampling technique, ensuring a well-rounded representation. The findings unveil compelling insights into the complex relationships at play. Notably, personality traits exhibit substantial correlations with attitudes toward AR advertisements. Furthermore, consumer attitudes are identified as key mediators, illuminating the pivotal role they play in bridging the gap between personality traits and attitudes toward AR advertisements. The implications of these findings extend far beyond the confines of this study. Marketers operating in Pakistan and beyond stand to gain invaluable guidance in their endeavors to harness the potential of AR technology. A deeper understanding of the intricate interplay between personality traits and brand image can empower marketers to craft more precise and impactful advertising strategies.
{"title":"Big Five Personality Traits and Attitude Towards Augmented Reality Advertisement: Mediating Role of Consumer Attitude and Moderating Role of Brand Image","authors":"Babar Ashraf Sheikh, Muhammad Ahmad-ur-Rehman, Zahid Hussain, Sajjad Ahmad Baig","doi":"10.55737/qjssh.613928646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55737/qjssh.613928646","url":null,"abstract":"The primary objective of this research is to discern the profound impact of distinct personality traits, namely agreeableness, conscientiousness, extraversion, openness to experience, and neuroticism, on consumer attitudes and perceptions of AR advertisements. Simultaneously, the study investigates the nuanced moderating role of brand image, examining its effect on the intricate interplay between personality traits and consumer attitudes. This investigation employs a robust quantitative approach, drawing upon a sample of 475 respondents meticulously selected through a purposive sampling technique, ensuring a well-rounded representation. The findings unveil compelling insights into the complex relationships at play. Notably, personality traits exhibit substantial correlations with attitudes toward AR advertisements. Furthermore, consumer attitudes are identified as key mediators, illuminating the pivotal role they play in bridging the gap between personality traits and attitudes toward AR advertisements. The implications of these findings extend far beyond the confines of this study. Marketers operating in Pakistan and beyond stand to gain invaluable guidance in their endeavors to harness the potential of AR technology. A deeper understanding of the intricate interplay between personality traits and brand image can empower marketers to craft more precise and impactful advertising strategies.","PeriodicalId":500840,"journal":{"name":"Qlantic Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135084417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.55737/qjssh.482065426
Hina Iram, Bushra Hassan, Nazia Iqbal
Dignity, honor, and face culture is a new and different normative script for behavior in social interaction and negotiations. The main objective of the study was to develop and validate a theoretical model to measure the cultural logic of dignity, honor, and face culture. The study was configured in three phases using samples from different Universities in Pakistan with an age range of 18-25. In phase A, items were developed using a literature review and Thematic Analysis of data obtained through focused group discussions and interviews. Phase B was comprised of scale development in which the factor structure of the scale was confirmed using Principal Axis Factoring on the sample of N=348 emerging adults. In phase C, the measure was further subjected to confirmatory factor analysis, reliability, and validity procedures (N= 422). It was established through CFA that the measure had construct validity. Coefficient alpha ranged from .93 to .95. Validity of the measure was established through Average Variance Extracted (AVE= .64-.73), Maximum Variance Extracted (MSV= .02-.10) Fornell - Lacker Criterion and Hetro-trait Mono-trait criteria. Overall results indicated that the Perceived Cultural Logic Scale is a self-report, psychometrically sound, and comprehensive measure comprised of 23 items that can be used to evaluate the perception of cultural logic among emerging adults.
{"title":"Cultural Insights into Pakistan: Development and Validation of Perceived Cultural Logic Scale","authors":"Hina Iram, Bushra Hassan, Nazia Iqbal","doi":"10.55737/qjssh.482065426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55737/qjssh.482065426","url":null,"abstract":"Dignity, honor, and face culture is a new and different normative script for behavior in social interaction and negotiations. The main objective of the study was to develop and validate a theoretical model to measure the cultural logic of dignity, honor, and face culture. The study was configured in three phases using samples from different Universities in Pakistan with an age range of 18-25. In phase A, items were developed using a literature review and Thematic Analysis of data obtained through focused group discussions and interviews. Phase B was comprised of scale development in which the factor structure of the scale was confirmed using Principal Axis Factoring on the sample of N=348 emerging adults. In phase C, the measure was further subjected to confirmatory factor analysis, reliability, and validity procedures (N= 422). It was established through CFA that the measure had construct validity. Coefficient alpha ranged from .93 to .95. Validity of the measure was established through Average Variance Extracted (AVE= .64-.73), Maximum Variance Extracted (MSV= .02-.10) Fornell - Lacker Criterion and Hetro-trait Mono-trait criteria. Overall results indicated that the Perceived Cultural Logic Scale is a self-report, psychometrically sound, and comprehensive measure comprised of 23 items that can be used to evaluate the perception of cultural logic among emerging adults.","PeriodicalId":500840,"journal":{"name":"Qlantic Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135126641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.55737/qjssh.188733762
Noor Ahmed, Khurshed Iqbal, None Naseebullah, Ameer Muhammad Kasi
Pakistan is spatially a diverse state in terms of the location of its economic activities, and regional disparities in human development level have been a vital concern in its history. The article aims to analyze the distribution of the development index across 97 districts of Pakistan through exploratory spatial data analysis for periods 2004-05 and 2014-15. For this purpose, an augmented development index is constructed for measuring development levels across districts. The index consists of three sub-indexes of education, health, and household welfare level, with each index further consisting of five indicators. The findings of the study indicate positive global autocorrelation, thus indicating that a district with a high (low) is linked spatially with bordering districts that also have a high (low) Development level. The results also display the HH quadrant in the scatterplot of the development Index, which includes most districts of Punjab and KP, while LL illustrates a cluster of most districts from Interior Sindh and Balochistan for both the 2004-05 and 2014-15 periods. Overall, the findings demonstrate the twofold structure of Pakistan’s economic geography, as explained by most of the previous studies. Since the geography of development matters, it is recommended to reduce inequalities across districts by developing the social and economic institutions and infrastructure in Balochistan and Interior Sindh.
{"title":"Spatial Disparities in Human Development Index across the Districts of Pakistan: An ESDA Analysis","authors":"Noor Ahmed, Khurshed Iqbal, None Naseebullah, Ameer Muhammad Kasi","doi":"10.55737/qjssh.188733762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55737/qjssh.188733762","url":null,"abstract":"Pakistan is spatially a diverse state in terms of the location of its economic activities, and regional disparities in human development level have been a vital concern in its history. The article aims to analyze the distribution of the development index across 97 districts of Pakistan through exploratory spatial data analysis for periods 2004-05 and 2014-15. For this purpose, an augmented development index is constructed for measuring development levels across districts. The index consists of three sub-indexes of education, health, and household welfare level, with each index further consisting of five indicators. The findings of the study indicate positive global autocorrelation, thus indicating that a district with a high (low) is linked spatially with bordering districts that also have a high (low) Development level. The results also display the HH quadrant in the scatterplot of the development Index, which includes most districts of Punjab and KP, while LL illustrates a cluster of most districts from Interior Sindh and Balochistan for both the 2004-05 and 2014-15 periods. Overall, the findings demonstrate the twofold structure of Pakistan’s economic geography, as explained by most of the previous studies. Since the geography of development matters, it is recommended to reduce inequalities across districts by developing the social and economic institutions and infrastructure in Balochistan and Interior Sindh.","PeriodicalId":500840,"journal":{"name":"Qlantic Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135126980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.55737/qjssh.137617756
Saima Wasim, Hasan Raza, Syed Aamir Alam Rizvi, Mumtaz Ali
Economic development is a fundamental need for the nation of Pakistan. The independent variables in this research can have a direct influence on economic growth. The present research examines the influence of employment and education on the economic development of Pakistan throughout the period spanning from 1981 to 2022. Regression analysis was done to check the short-run and long-run relationship among GDP growth rate, education, and employment. The study implies an augmented-dickey fuller test to check the stationarity of the variables and error terms. In addition, the tests of Ramsey Reset, multi-collinearity, and heteroscedasticity have also been employed in the study. The results of the study indicate the importance of promoting education and the creation of employment opportunities, which in turn will provide a nation with rapid and sustained economic expansion over an extended period. Education and economic growth were shown to be correlated in the short term, but employment and growth were not. The study proposes boosting educational spending to make it more accessible to the public and raising school and higher education enrolment to boost Pakistan's literacy rate. Education quality and quantity should be prioritized. The government should also create jobs and invest in R&D to boost labor force participation and efficiency.
{"title":"The Impact of Employment and Education on the Economic Growth of Pakistan: A Time-series Analysis","authors":"Saima Wasim, Hasan Raza, Syed Aamir Alam Rizvi, Mumtaz Ali","doi":"10.55737/qjssh.137617756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55737/qjssh.137617756","url":null,"abstract":"Economic development is a fundamental need for the nation of Pakistan. The independent variables in this research can have a direct influence on economic growth. The present research examines the influence of employment and education on the economic development of Pakistan throughout the period spanning from 1981 to 2022. Regression analysis was done to check the short-run and long-run relationship among GDP growth rate, education, and employment. The study implies an augmented-dickey fuller test to check the stationarity of the variables and error terms. In addition, the tests of Ramsey Reset, multi-collinearity, and heteroscedasticity have also been employed in the study. The results of the study indicate the importance of promoting education and the creation of employment opportunities, which in turn will provide a nation with rapid and sustained economic expansion over an extended period. Education and economic growth were shown to be correlated in the short term, but employment and growth were not. The study proposes boosting educational spending to make it more accessible to the public and raising school and higher education enrolment to boost Pakistan's literacy rate. Education quality and quantity should be prioritized. The government should also create jobs and invest in R&D to boost labor force participation and efficiency.","PeriodicalId":500840,"journal":{"name":"Qlantic Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135084985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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