The meaning of illness varies according to the paradigm and the perspective it approaches. From the positivist paradigm, typical of the field of biomedicine, the disease is conceived from a mechanistic or biologistic point of view so that priority is given to the organic alteration that occurs in the human body, ignoring the subjectivity inherent in this process. We will analyze the social construction of illness through an anthropological perspective, including considerations of the role of society, the conditioning factors and effects observed in this process and the social responses that medicine assumes in this dynamic. In nature, disease does not exist as such but as a biological phenomenon that can only be distinguished because it breaks a specific sequence of events that are part of a continuous process. With the witnessing eye of the human being, this phenomenon makes sense. It is the individual and society that give the label of disease to a particular event. This label is the result of a social construction and, as such, is described in this article from a sociological point of view. Illness is constructed through a doctor-patient bond in which roles and expectations of mutual fulfilment are generated. Medicine is a response of the culture to legitimize the condition of sickness in someone who cannot continue to fulfil his or her usual roles. Some schools consider illness a legitimate deviation as long as it is assumed that the patient is not responsible for his ailment; if responsibility is assumed, the illness is considered an illegitimate deviation with a solid moral pejorative condition.
{"title":"Social construction of illness and disease","authors":"Laura Ines Amada, Victoria Soledad Burgos, Miriam Ferreyra, Diana Beatriz Leguizamón Ibañez, Verónica Estefanía Lopez, Digna Zoraida Rivas Medina, Georgina Micaela Siñani Condori","doi":"10.56294/cid202365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56294/cid202365","url":null,"abstract":"The meaning of illness varies according to the paradigm and the perspective it approaches. From the positivist paradigm, typical of the field of biomedicine, the disease is conceived from a mechanistic or biologistic point of view so that priority is given to the organic alteration that occurs in the human body, ignoring the subjectivity inherent in this process. We will analyze the social construction of illness through an anthropological perspective, including considerations of the role of society, the conditioning factors and effects observed in this process and the social responses that medicine assumes in this dynamic. In nature, disease does not exist as such but as a biological phenomenon that can only be distinguished because it breaks a specific sequence of events that are part of a continuous process. With the witnessing eye of the human being, this phenomenon makes sense. It is the individual and society that give the label of disease to a particular event. This label is the result of a social construction and, as such, is described in this article from a sociological point of view. Illness is constructed through a doctor-patient bond in which roles and expectations of mutual fulfilment are generated. Medicine is a response of the culture to legitimize the condition of sickness in someone who cannot continue to fulfil his or her usual roles. Some schools consider illness a legitimate deviation as long as it is assumed that the patient is not responsible for his ailment; if responsibility is assumed, the illness is considered an illegitimate deviation with a solid moral pejorative condition.","PeriodicalId":500900,"journal":{"name":"Community and Interculturality in Dialogue","volume":" 20","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135192718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The disease -according to their beliefs- came from these divinities that could "damage," "possess" the individual, penetrate objects, "take out" the soul, etc. In this case, in a distant time, it could be observed that health was intervened by the religious mythical and was not based on the scientific. Knowing that medicine is a social and humanistic science, which is responsible for curing and preventing diseases, we can affirm that to achieve this objective, it is fundamentally necessary to raise awareness in society (we have a concrete and recent example which was the pandemic of Covid-19, in which the different societies dealt with the issue in different ways, previously it was HIV in the 80's or cholera in the early 90's in Argentina). Anthropology provides a significant social, cultural, and ancestral contribution since it allows us to know how communities that do not have access to health centers or advanced medicine use healing methods or alternative medicine for these communities to be effective or believe in their functioning. However, some people see them as antiquated methods. Therefore, Anthropology must make its social contribution from a deep study of the different societies to a joint work with other health disciplines to achieve, in the short term, individuals or societies prepared for future new diseases that may arise or current diseases that spread surprisingly.
{"title":"Culture, Society and Health","authors":"Natalia Fernanda Lobaisa, Tania Mara Payti Claros","doi":"10.56294/cid202366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56294/cid202366","url":null,"abstract":"The disease -according to their beliefs- came from these divinities that could \"damage,\" \"possess\" the individual, penetrate objects, \"take out\" the soul, etc. In this case, in a distant time, it could be observed that health was intervened by the religious mythical and was not based on the scientific. Knowing that medicine is a social and humanistic science, which is responsible for curing and preventing diseases, we can affirm that to achieve this objective, it is fundamentally necessary to raise awareness in society (we have a concrete and recent example which was the pandemic of Covid-19, in which the different societies dealt with the issue in different ways, previously it was HIV in the 80's or cholera in the early 90's in Argentina). Anthropology provides a significant social, cultural, and ancestral contribution since it allows us to know how communities that do not have access to health centers or advanced medicine use healing methods or alternative medicine for these communities to be effective or believe in their functioning. However, some people see them as antiquated methods. Therefore, Anthropology must make its social contribution from a deep study of the different societies to a joint work with other health disciplines to achieve, in the short term, individuals or societies prepared for future new diseases that may arise or current diseases that spread surprisingly.","PeriodicalId":500900,"journal":{"name":"Community and Interculturality in Dialogue","volume":" 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135243065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Judith Bonilla Coronado, María Paula Licona Vidal, Gabriela Agustina Ravilli, Micaela Daiana Rosario, Aiza Miriam Lorena Santos, María Paola Soria Guzman
In some cultures, death is associated with different rituals and customs to help people grieving. Rituals offer people ways to process and express their grief. They also provide ways for the community to help people who are grieving. Death can cause chaos, anger, and confusion. That is where the community comes in to support and help cope with grief. Funeral rites are symbolic systems that represent specific socio-cultural practices of the human species; they are a means to facilitate the arrival of the soul to its place of destination through religious or pagan acts, methods to ward off and scare away evil spirits or to prevent the dead from appearing and disturbing the living. After analyzing the concept of death in the proposed cultures, differences and similarities were observed in their conceptions and meanings; they all share the feeling of honoring, loving, caring, and commemorating their deceased. Each celebration is a tribute to the loved one on a particular date, depending on the culture and geographical region, such as Bolivia, China, Indonesia, Madagascar, New Orleans, and Parsis (Persians). In the different funeral rites, we could appreciate death's diverse manifestations and beliefs and its connotations, such as honoring, entertaining, feeding, grooming, decorating the deceased, and respecting and venerating nature.
{"title":"Conception of death in different cultures and funeral rites in Bolivia, China, Indonesia, Madagascar and USA","authors":"Judith Bonilla Coronado, María Paula Licona Vidal, Gabriela Agustina Ravilli, Micaela Daiana Rosario, Aiza Miriam Lorena Santos, María Paola Soria Guzman","doi":"10.56294/cid202364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56294/cid202364","url":null,"abstract":"In some cultures, death is associated with different rituals and customs to help people grieving. Rituals offer people ways to process and express their grief. They also provide ways for the community to help people who are grieving. Death can cause chaos, anger, and confusion. That is where the community comes in to support and help cope with grief. Funeral rites are symbolic systems that represent specific socio-cultural practices of the human species; they are a means to facilitate the arrival of the soul to its place of destination through religious or pagan acts, methods to ward off and scare away evil spirits or to prevent the dead from appearing and disturbing the living. After analyzing the concept of death in the proposed cultures, differences and similarities were observed in their conceptions and meanings; they all share the feeling of honoring, loving, caring, and commemorating their deceased. Each celebration is a tribute to the loved one on a particular date, depending on the culture and geographical region, such as Bolivia, China, Indonesia, Madagascar, New Orleans, and Parsis (Persians). In the different funeral rites, we could appreciate death's diverse manifestations and beliefs and its connotations, such as honoring, entertaining, feeding, grooming, decorating the deceased, and respecting and venerating nature.","PeriodicalId":500900,"journal":{"name":"Community and Interculturality in Dialogue","volume":" 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135243067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Healing practices have existed worldwide in different cultures since ancient times, have influenced throughout history, and are rooted in different cultures, demonstrating their importance in wellness and health care. “Curanderismo” it is a set of practices exercised by healers in a ceremony; it is an ancestral custom perpetuated over the centuries, combining traditional indigenous medicine and folk medicine. Its anthropological position may also incorporate the traditional roles of the healing man and the shaman. The curandero in Argentina country has a deep spiritual and cultural meaning. However, with the advance of the current medina, it is still a valid option, respected by communities or individuals seeking comprehensive care or an approach to healing from the spiritual. Encouraging interdisciplinary contact between healers and traditional practitioners is relevant for exchange, collaboration, and mutual respect to better understand the healing practices and their effectiveness. The curandismo acquires relevance due to the connection of beliefs of social groups because health is understood as a balance of nature and its elements. It is seen as an intermediary between the real and spiritual world. However, it should be appropriately regulated, promoting a regularization to prevent and guarantee the patient's health, promoting and eliminating barriers with a responsible, ethical approach that can play a valuable role in health care and well-being.
{"title":"Curanderismo in Argentina: a view to diversity","authors":"Grisel Lara Flores, Roció Florencia Romero","doi":"10.56294/cid202378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56294/cid202378","url":null,"abstract":"Healing practices have existed worldwide in different cultures since ancient times, have influenced throughout history, and are rooted in different cultures, demonstrating their importance in wellness and health care. “Curanderismo” it is a set of practices exercised by healers in a ceremony; it is an ancestral custom perpetuated over the centuries, combining traditional indigenous medicine and folk medicine. Its anthropological position may also incorporate the traditional roles of the healing man and the shaman. The curandero in Argentina country has a deep spiritual and cultural meaning. However, with the advance of the current medina, it is still a valid option, respected by communities or individuals seeking comprehensive care or an approach to healing from the spiritual. Encouraging interdisciplinary contact between healers and traditional practitioners is relevant for exchange, collaboration, and mutual respect to better understand the healing practices and their effectiveness. The curandismo acquires relevance due to the connection of beliefs of social groups because health is understood as a balance of nature and its elements. It is seen as an intermediary between the real and spiritual world. However, it should be appropriately regulated, promoting a regularization to prevent and guarantee the patient's health, promoting and eliminating barriers with a responsible, ethical approach that can play a valuable role in health care and well-being.","PeriodicalId":500900,"journal":{"name":"Community and Interculturality in Dialogue","volume":" 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135243064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article analyzes the literary proposals De la tierra sin fuegos (1986) and Reducciones (2012) by the Chilean poets Juan Pablo Riveros and Jaime Huenún respectively; works in which the intersection between word and image is privileged in a deconstructive and questioning eagerness. The photographic image of native peoples that is materially incorporated into the textual body of the poems comes, on the one hand, from ethnographic/anthropometric archives, from the priest and ethnologist Martin Gusinde, and from the scientists Robert Lehmann-Nitsche, Herman Ten Kate, Francisco P. Moreno and Hans Virchow. Through this verbovisual assemblage, two different perspectives are presented regarding the procedures of scrutiny that the ethnologist/scientist follows when approaching the indigenous person and the reading he makes of him and his culture: the first becomes a fellow tribesman, while the others exercise a biosocial control over the indigenous person by freely disposing of his corporeality for scientific purposes. In this way, the texts resort to images to reflect on the materialization of ethnographic photography and the material and metaphysical "capture" of the indigenous; they problematize the photographic act, the revealing character of the image and its scenic implications in the exhibition of the indigenous in order to corroborate, denounce and give a face to these subjects. In addition, they point to the hunters and situate the historical context under which these takeovers take place, that is, they are images that violate the viewer by confronting him with the usurpation and death that weighs on the indigenous, particularly in contexts of internal colonization (nineteenth and twentieth centuries).
本文分析了智利诗人胡安·巴勃罗·里维拉斯(Juan Pablo Riveros)和杰米(Jaime Huenún)分别在1986年和2012年提出的文学建议De la tierra sin fuegos;在这些作品中，文字和图像之间的交集在解构和质疑的渴望中享有特权。土著民族的摄影图像被纳入诗歌的文本主体，一方面，来自民族志/人体测量学档案，来自牧师和民族学家Martin Gusinde，来自科学家Robert lehman - nitsche, Herman Ten Kate, Francisco P. Moreno和Hans Virchow。通过这种语言组合，呈现了两种不同的观点，关于民族学家/科学家在接近土著人时所遵循的审查程序，以及他对土著人及其文化的解读:第一种观点成为部落同胞，而其他观点则通过为科学目的自由处置土著人的肉体，对土著人进行生物社会控制。这样，文本借助图像来反思民族志摄影的物质化和对土著的物质性和形而上的“捕捉”;他们质疑摄影行为，图像的揭示特征及其在土著展览中的风景含义，以证实，谴责并给予这些主题一个面貌。此外，它们指向猎人，并将这些占领发生的历史背景置于其中，也就是说，它们是侵犯观众的图像，让他面对压迫在土著人身上的篡夺和死亡，特别是在内部殖民的背景下(19世纪和20世纪)。
{"title":"Photographic images of indigenous peoples in contemporary Chilean poetry","authors":"Lorena P. López Torres","doi":"10.56294/cid202376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56294/cid202376","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the literary proposals De la tierra sin fuegos (1986) and Reducciones (2012) by the Chilean poets Juan Pablo Riveros and Jaime Huenún respectively; works in which the intersection between word and image is privileged in a deconstructive and questioning eagerness. The photographic image of native peoples that is materially incorporated into the textual body of the poems comes, on the one hand, from ethnographic/anthropometric archives, from the priest and ethnologist Martin Gusinde, and from the scientists Robert Lehmann-Nitsche, Herman Ten Kate, Francisco P. Moreno and Hans Virchow. Through this verbovisual assemblage, two different perspectives are presented regarding the procedures of scrutiny that the ethnologist/scientist follows when approaching the indigenous person and the reading he makes of him and his culture: the first becomes a fellow tribesman, while the others exercise a biosocial control over the indigenous person by freely disposing of his corporeality for scientific purposes. In this way, the texts resort to images to reflect on the materialization of ethnographic photography and the material and metaphysical \"capture\" of the indigenous; they problematize the photographic act, the revealing character of the image and its scenic implications in the exhibition of the indigenous in order to corroborate, denounce and give a face to these subjects. In addition, they point to the hunters and situate the historical context under which these takeovers take place, that is, they are images that violate the viewer by confronting him with the usurpation and death that weighs on the indigenous, particularly in contexts of internal colonization (nineteenth and twentieth centuries).","PeriodicalId":500900,"journal":{"name":"Community and Interculturality in Dialogue","volume":"95 S3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135539956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rosa María Montano-Silva, Thalía Fernández-Breffe, Yoneisy Abraham-Millán, Iraida Céspedes-Proenza, Eridania Pantoja-García
Introduction: caries in early childhood is one of the most frequent diseases and can influence the development of the infant. Childhood is a stage characterized by intense learning processes and fundamental in the formation of habits and behaviors in the process of education and human development. It depends on the joint action of teachers, health personnel and legal guardians that infants have access and opportunity to transform health information into knowledge, attitudes and adequate practices that allow them to take care of and protect their health. Objective: to implement the educational strategy "The Tooth Fairy" in infants in the fifth year of life. Methods: a quasi-experimental before-and-after study with a control group was carried out. The sample consisted of 34 infants in the fifth year of life in the Juan Delio Chacón neighborhood, obtained by simple random sampling. Results: before the intervention, a poor level of knowledge about oral health predominated in the infants, representing 70.6% of the experimental group, as well as in the legal guardians and educators for 56.7%, raising it to good after the intervention in 88.2% and 86.66% respectively.Conclusions: the implementation of the strategy in the educational context, involving families, educators and community proved to be effective since it modified lifestyles and lifestyles, also increasing the level of knowledge about oral health of infants, educators and legal guardians.
{"title":"\"Tooth fairy\" educational strategy for infants in the fifth year of life","authors":"Rosa María Montano-Silva, Thalía Fernández-Breffe, Yoneisy Abraham-Millán, Iraida Céspedes-Proenza, Eridania Pantoja-García","doi":"10.56294/cid202377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56294/cid202377","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: caries in early childhood is one of the most frequent diseases and can influence the development of the infant. Childhood is a stage characterized by intense learning processes and fundamental in the formation of habits and behaviors in the process of education and human development. It depends on the joint action of teachers, health personnel and legal guardians that infants have access and opportunity to transform health information into knowledge, attitudes and adequate practices that allow them to take care of and protect their health. Objective: to implement the educational strategy \"The Tooth Fairy\" in infants in the fifth year of life. Methods: a quasi-experimental before-and-after study with a control group was carried out. The sample consisted of 34 infants in the fifth year of life in the Juan Delio Chacón neighborhood, obtained by simple random sampling. Results: before the intervention, a poor level of knowledge about oral health predominated in the infants, representing 70.6% of the experimental group, as well as in the legal guardians and educators for 56.7%, raising it to good after the intervention in 88.2% and 86.66% respectively.Conclusions: the implementation of the strategy in the educational context, involving families, educators and community proved to be effective since it modified lifestyles and lifestyles, also increasing the level of knowledge about oral health of infants, educators and legal guardians.","PeriodicalId":500900,"journal":{"name":"Community and Interculturality in Dialogue","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135411116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fibromyalgia is a disease characterized by intense generalized chronic musculoskeletal pain. Its etiology is not known and there is no curative treatment but only symptomatic and focused on pain management. The lack of empathy on the part of family, work, friends and health professionals increases the psychosocial discomfort. Educating the population and health professionals on the behavior of the disease could be an opportunity to improve social ties, including friendships, family, health and work. The development of the community approach in the study of fibromyalgia is of significant importance in the understanding and management of this complex chronic disease. Fibromyalgia not only affects the individual sufferer, but also has a profound impact on their social and family environment. By adopting a community approach, it is recognized that community support and understanding is crucial to improving the quality of life for those living with fibromyalgia. This approach involves building support networks and promoting public awareness of fibromyalgia, which in turn reduces the stigma associated with the disease. In addition, the development of community education programs and support groups can help empower people with fibromyalgia to better manage their symptoms and find effective coping strategies.
{"title":"The impact of fibromyalgia on society","authors":"Camilo Silva-Sánchez","doi":"10.56294/cid202375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56294/cid202375","url":null,"abstract":"Fibromyalgia is a disease characterized by intense generalized chronic musculoskeletal pain. Its etiology is not known and there is no curative treatment but only symptomatic and focused on pain management. The lack of empathy on the part of family, work, friends and health professionals increases the psychosocial discomfort. Educating the population and health professionals on the behavior of the disease could be an opportunity to improve social ties, including friendships, family, health and work. The development of the community approach in the study of fibromyalgia is of significant importance in the understanding and management of this complex chronic disease. Fibromyalgia not only affects the individual sufferer, but also has a profound impact on their social and family environment. By adopting a community approach, it is recognized that community support and understanding is crucial to improving the quality of life for those living with fibromyalgia. This approach involves building support networks and promoting public awareness of fibromyalgia, which in turn reduces the stigma associated with the disease. In addition, the development of community education programs and support groups can help empower people with fibromyalgia to better manage their symptoms and find effective coping strategies.","PeriodicalId":500900,"journal":{"name":"Community and Interculturality in Dialogue","volume":"44 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135405801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: In today's society, educational management has become an imperative for the creation of knowledge and innovative educational experiences. In the context of the Bachelor's Degree in Nursing at the University of Buenos Aires, a pedagogical experience focused on a public health campaign on Dengue was carried out. The main objective of this experience was to promote the democratization of scientific and health knowledge in relation to Dengue, guaranteeing the right of access to public health information. We sought to create an environment conducive to learning, active participation of students and interaction with the community.Development: The experience was divided into three stages: initial, progressive and territorial anchoring. In the initial stage, students were prepared through theoretical and technical sessions. The progressive stage involved adjustments and corrections in collaboration with the teaching team. In the territorial anchoring stage, groups of students carried out the public health campaign in sectors close to the university. The evaluation was carried out using group monitoring instruments and a checklist to evaluate the individual performance of the students. A review and feedback meeting was also held at the end of the experience.Conclusions: The proposed pedagogical experience demonstrated that effective educational management can promote the democratization of knowledge in the field of public health. Collaboration among students and the focus on the right of access to public health information are key elements. In addition, the importance of constant adaptation of educational practices to scientific and technological advances is highlighted. On the other hand, it provided an effective framework for the training of nursing students and the promotion of public health, demonstrating the importance of educational management in today's society.
{"title":"Pedagogical experience with Public Health campaigns from the design of socio-educational projects with insertion in the local territory","authors":"Carlos Oscar Lepez, Irene Amelia Simeoni","doi":"10.56294/cid202374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56294/cid202374","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In today's society, educational management has become an imperative for the creation of knowledge and innovative educational experiences. In the context of the Bachelor's Degree in Nursing at the University of Buenos Aires, a pedagogical experience focused on a public health campaign on Dengue was carried out. The main objective of this experience was to promote the democratization of scientific and health knowledge in relation to Dengue, guaranteeing the right of access to public health information. We sought to create an environment conducive to learning, active participation of students and interaction with the community.Development: The experience was divided into three stages: initial, progressive and territorial anchoring. In the initial stage, students were prepared through theoretical and technical sessions. The progressive stage involved adjustments and corrections in collaboration with the teaching team. In the territorial anchoring stage, groups of students carried out the public health campaign in sectors close to the university. The evaluation was carried out using group monitoring instruments and a checklist to evaluate the individual performance of the students. A review and feedback meeting was also held at the end of the experience.Conclusions: The proposed pedagogical experience demonstrated that effective educational management can promote the democratization of knowledge in the field of public health. Collaboration among students and the focus on the right of access to public health information are key elements. In addition, the importance of constant adaptation of educational practices to scientific and technological advances is highlighted. On the other hand, it provided an effective framework for the training of nursing students and the promotion of public health, demonstrating the importance of educational management in today's society.","PeriodicalId":500900,"journal":{"name":"Community and Interculturality in Dialogue","volume":"49 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135461651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research focuses on analyzing the dynamic nature of scientific knowledge from an epistemological perspective, focusing specifically on anthropometric research of the human hand. The main objective of this study is to examine how knowledge is generated and evolves in this field, in the light of epistemological theories such as Lakatos'. Key concepts of epistemology and philosophy of science are addressed, including the theories of Lakatos, Popper, Kuhn and Feyerabend. Subsequently, Lakatos' theory of Scientific Investigation Programs (SIPs) is applied to the field of hand anthropometry, identifying its fundamental core (which refers to the belief in the relevance of hand measurements) and its protective belt (comprising auxiliary theories and methods). It discusses how both heuristics and empirical evidence drive the evolution of knowledge in this field, also emphasizing the importance of creative inquiry, scientific debate, and methodological rigor. Ultimately, it is concluded that anthropometric research eloquently exemplifies the inherent dynamic nature of scientific knowledge.
{"title":"The dynamic nature of scientific knowledge: an epistemological look at the research activity of human hand anthropometry","authors":"Misael Ron, Evelin Escalona","doi":"10.56294/cid202372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56294/cid202372","url":null,"abstract":"This research focuses on analyzing the dynamic nature of scientific knowledge from an epistemological perspective, focusing specifically on anthropometric research of the human hand. The main objective of this study is to examine how knowledge is generated and evolves in this field, in the light of epistemological theories such as Lakatos'. Key concepts of epistemology and philosophy of science are addressed, including the theories of Lakatos, Popper, Kuhn and Feyerabend. Subsequently, Lakatos' theory of Scientific Investigation Programs (SIPs) is applied to the field of hand anthropometry, identifying its fundamental core (which refers to the belief in the relevance of hand measurements) and its protective belt (comprising auxiliary theories and methods). It discusses how both heuristics and empirical evidence drive the evolution of knowledge in this field, also emphasizing the importance of creative inquiry, scientific debate, and methodological rigor. Ultimately, it is concluded that anthropometric research eloquently exemplifies the inherent dynamic nature of scientific knowledge.","PeriodicalId":500900,"journal":{"name":"Community and Interculturality in Dialogue","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135511714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: to evaluate Burnout syndrome and associated factors in health personnel of Primary Care. Methods: observational, analytical, cross-sectional study, carried out in Pinar del Río during January 2023, in non-probabilistic sampling for convenience, of 127 participants, who met the inclusion criteria. The application of instruments such as the Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire, allowed obtaining the information that gave output to the studied variables, applying descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Medical ethics were respected. Results: 66.9% of the workers were women, with a median of 31 years of age. Resident physicians predominated (45.7%), with a median of 8 years working in the sector. 73.2% showed overload, with the emotional exhaustion dimension being the most affected. The presence of Burnout syndrome was associated with sleeping eight hours a day (p=0.016) and with satisfaction with economic income (p<0.001). The affectation of the emotional exhaustion dimension was statistically associated with sex, religion and sleeping eight hours a day (p<0.05). Depersonalization was associated with religion (p=0.001), sleeping eight hours a day (p=0.016), smoking (p=0.001) and satisfaction with economic income (p=0.011); while professional achievement was related to sleeping eight hours a day (p<0.001), adequate dietary habits (p=0.038) and satisfaction with economic income (p=0.016). Conclusions: Burnout syndrome was evaluated in primary care health personnel, identifying the demographic characteristics, lifestyle and work variables of the sample, and their relationship with professional exhaustion.
目的:了解基层卫生保健人员的职业倦怠症状及其相关因素。方法:观察性、分析性、横断面研究，于2023年1月在Pinar del Río进行，为方便起见，采用非概率抽样，127名符合纳入标准的参与者。应用诸如Maslach倦怠量表问卷等工具，可以获得对研究变量进行输出的信息，应用描述性和推断性统计方法。医德得到尊重。结果:女工占66.9%，中位年龄为31岁。住院医生占多数(45.7%)，在该行业工作的中位数为8年。73.2%表现为超负荷，其中情绪耗竭维度受影响最大。倦怠综合征的存在与每天睡眠8小时有关(p=0.016)，与对经济收入的满意度有关(p= 0.001)。情绪耗竭维度的影响与性别、宗教信仰、每天睡眠8小时有统计学意义(p < 0.05)。人格解体与宗教信仰(p=0.001)、每天睡眠8小时(p=0.016)、吸烟(p=0.001)和对经济收入的满意度(p=0.011)有关;而职业成就与每天睡眠8小时(p= 0.001)、适当的饮食习惯(p=0.038)和对经济收入的满意度(p=0.016)有关。结论:对基层卫生保健人员的职业倦怠综合征进行了评估，确定了样本的人口统计学特征、生活方式和工作变量，以及它们与职业倦怠的关系。
{"title":"Evaluation of Burnout Syndrome and associated factors in primary care health personnel","authors":"Lázaro Pablo Linares Cánovas, Liyansis Bárbara Linares Cánovas, Yoelys Pereda Rodríguez, Beatriz Gallardo Hernández, Martha María Pérez Martín, Adalina Linares Montano","doi":"10.56294/cid202373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56294/cid202373","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to evaluate Burnout syndrome and associated factors in health personnel of Primary Care. Methods: observational, analytical, cross-sectional study, carried out in Pinar del Río during January 2023, in non-probabilistic sampling for convenience, of 127 participants, who met the inclusion criteria. The application of instruments such as the Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire, allowed obtaining the information that gave output to the studied variables, applying descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Medical ethics were respected. Results: 66.9% of the workers were women, with a median of 31 years of age. Resident physicians predominated (45.7%), with a median of 8 years working in the sector. 73.2% showed overload, with the emotional exhaustion dimension being the most affected. The presence of Burnout syndrome was associated with sleeping eight hours a day (p=0.016) and with satisfaction with economic income (p<0.001). The affectation of the emotional exhaustion dimension was statistically associated with sex, religion and sleeping eight hours a day (p<0.05). Depersonalization was associated with religion (p=0.001), sleeping eight hours a day (p=0.016), smoking (p=0.001) and satisfaction with economic income (p=0.011); while professional achievement was related to sleeping eight hours a day (p<0.001), adequate dietary habits (p=0.038) and satisfaction with economic income (p=0.016). Conclusions: Burnout syndrome was evaluated in primary care health personnel, identifying the demographic characteristics, lifestyle and work variables of the sample, and their relationship with professional exhaustion.","PeriodicalId":500900,"journal":{"name":"Community and Interculturality in Dialogue","volume":"7 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135512547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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