Pub Date : 2024-09-04DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.03.24312275
Karianne Svendsen, Jacob Juel Christensen, Jannicke Igland, Henriette Walaas Krogh, Liv J. Mundal, David R. Jacobs, Martin P. Bogsrud, Kirsten B. Holven, Kjetil Retterstøl
Background and aims Sparse data exist on the possible risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). We investigated associations between having a FH diagnosis and adverse pregnancy outcomes, and between statin exposure in pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes among women with FH.
{"title":"Risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes and impact of statin use in pregnant women with familial hypercholesterolemia","authors":"Karianne Svendsen, Jacob Juel Christensen, Jannicke Igland, Henriette Walaas Krogh, Liv J. Mundal, David R. Jacobs, Martin P. Bogsrud, Kirsten B. Holven, Kjetil Retterstøl","doi":"10.1101/2024.09.03.24312275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.03.24312275","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Background and aims</strong> Sparse data exist on the possible risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). We investigated associations between having a FH diagnosis and adverse pregnancy outcomes, and between statin exposure in pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes among women with FH.","PeriodicalId":501071,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Epidemiology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142226814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-04DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.03.24312664
Cassandra M. Joynes, Murat Bilgel, Yang An, Abhay R. Moghekar, Nicholas J. Ashton, Przemysław R. Kac, Thomas K. Karikari, Kaj Blennow, Henrik Zetterberg, Madhav Thambisetty, Luigi Ferrucci, Susan M. Resnick, Keenan A. Walker
INTRODUCTION The factors that influence the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) after individuals become amyloid-positive are poorly understood. This study examines how sex influences the longitudinal trajectories of plasma AD and neurodegenerative biomarkers in the years following a person’s estimated onset of amyloid-β.
{"title":"Sex differences in the trajectories of plasma biomarkers, brain atrophy, and cognitive decline relative to amyloid onset","authors":"Cassandra M. Joynes, Murat Bilgel, Yang An, Abhay R. Moghekar, Nicholas J. Ashton, Przemysław R. Kac, Thomas K. Karikari, Kaj Blennow, Henrik Zetterberg, Madhav Thambisetty, Luigi Ferrucci, Susan M. Resnick, Keenan A. Walker","doi":"10.1101/2024.09.03.24312664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.03.24312664","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>INTRODUCTION</strong> The factors that influence the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) after individuals become amyloid-positive are poorly understood. This study examines how sex influences the longitudinal trajectories of plasma AD and neurodegenerative biomarkers in the years following a person’s estimated onset of amyloid-β.","PeriodicalId":501071,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Epidemiology","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-04DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.03.24312730
Jennifer Cornick, Sarah Elwood, James Platts-Mills, Patricia Pavlinac, Karim Manji, Chris Sudfeld, Christopher P. Duggan, Queen Dube, Naor Bar-Zeev, Karen Kotloff, Samba O Sow, Sunil Sazawal, Benson O Singa, Judd L Walson, Farah Qamar, Tahmeed Ahmed, Ayesha De Costa, Elizabeth T Rogawski McQuade
Background Multi-pathogen molecular diagnostics enable assignment of diarrhoea aetiology, but defining thresholds of pathogen quantity to accurately attribute aetiology is challenging in high-burden settings where coinfections are common. The Antibiotics for Children with severe Diarrhoea (ABCD) trial provides an opportunity to leverage the azithromycin treatment response to inform which diarrhoea episodes are bacterial.
{"title":"Azithromycin Treatment Response as a Probe to Attribute Bacterial Aetiologies of Diarrhoea using Molecular Diagnostics: A Reanalysis of the AntiBiotics for Children with severe Diarrhoea (ABCD) Trial","authors":"Jennifer Cornick, Sarah Elwood, James Platts-Mills, Patricia Pavlinac, Karim Manji, Chris Sudfeld, Christopher P. Duggan, Queen Dube, Naor Bar-Zeev, Karen Kotloff, Samba O Sow, Sunil Sazawal, Benson O Singa, Judd L Walson, Farah Qamar, Tahmeed Ahmed, Ayesha De Costa, Elizabeth T Rogawski McQuade","doi":"10.1101/2024.09.03.24312730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.03.24312730","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Background</strong> Multi-pathogen molecular diagnostics enable assignment of diarrhoea aetiology, but defining thresholds of pathogen quantity to accurately attribute aetiology is challenging in high-burden settings where coinfections are common. The Antibiotics for Children with severe Diarrhoea (ABCD) trial provides an opportunity to leverage the azithromycin treatment response to inform which diarrhoea episodes are bacterial.","PeriodicalId":501071,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Epidemiology","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-04DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.03.24313030
Hao Wu, Xiaona He, Yu Cao, Wei Gao
Seasonal influenza vaccination is crucial for preventing influenza and its complications. Data from the U.S. Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) indicate a higher proportion of adverse events (AEs) after influenza vaccination in hypertensive people. However, there is limited evidence on AEs in hypertensive people following seasonal influenza vaccination. We collected a total of 4647 individuals on seasonal influenza vaccination and 6380 AEs from VAERS for hypertensive people aged 18 years or older from 1 January 2013 to 23 June 2023. We conducted propensity score matching (PSM) by adjusting for the demographic characteristics of the seasonal influenza-vaccinated hypertensive population and the season of onset. Cox regression analysis was used to calculate the risk ratio of reported adverse events (AEs) that affected recovery after seasonal influenza vaccination. Most AEs were nonserious and occurred within 48 hours. The most common AEs were general disorders and administration site conditions (therapeutic and non-therapeutic responses, inflammation) and musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders (musculoskeletal and connective tissue pain and discomfort, bursal disorders, joint-related signs, and symptoms). All three types of seasonal influenza vaccines were associated with injection site reactions (47.07% trivalent influenza vaccine [TIA], hazard ratio, HR 2.04, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.22–3.40; 20.00% quadrivalent influenza vaccine [QIA], HR 2.81, 95% CI, 1.81–4.37; 67.48% influenza vaccine, unknown manufacturer [FLUX], HR 2.83, 95% CI, 1.12–7.15) and were the AEs affecting the largest proportion of delayed recoveries in the hypertensive population. Potential AEs following seasonal influenza vaccination may affect the recovery of the hypertensive population. The majority of AEs reported were general disorders, predominantly injection site reactions, and nonserious.
{"title":"Adverse events affecting recovery from seasonal influenza vaccination in the hypertensive population: A population-based pharmacovigilance analysis","authors":"Hao Wu, Xiaona He, Yu Cao, Wei Gao","doi":"10.1101/2024.09.03.24313030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.03.24313030","url":null,"abstract":"Seasonal influenza vaccination is crucial for preventing influenza and its complications. Data from the U.S. Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) indicate a higher proportion of adverse events (AEs) after influenza vaccination in hypertensive people. However, there is limited evidence on AEs in hypertensive people following seasonal influenza vaccination. We collected a total of 4647 individuals on seasonal influenza vaccination and 6380 AEs from VAERS for hypertensive people aged 18 years or older from 1 January 2013 to 23 June 2023. We conducted propensity score matching (PSM) by adjusting for the demographic characteristics of the seasonal influenza-vaccinated hypertensive population and the season of onset. Cox regression analysis was used to calculate the risk ratio of reported adverse events (AEs) that affected recovery after seasonal influenza vaccination. Most AEs were nonserious and occurred within 48 hours. The most common AEs were general disorders and administration site conditions (therapeutic and non-therapeutic responses, inflammation) and musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders (musculoskeletal and connective tissue pain and discomfort, bursal disorders, joint-related signs, and symptoms). All three types of seasonal influenza vaccines were associated with injection site reactions (47.07% trivalent influenza vaccine [TIA], hazard ratio, HR 2.04, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.22–3.40; 20.00% quadrivalent influenza vaccine [QIA], HR 2.81, 95% CI, 1.81–4.37; 67.48% influenza vaccine, unknown manufacturer [FLUX], HR 2.83, 95% CI, 1.12–7.15) and were the AEs affecting the largest proportion of delayed recoveries in the hypertensive population. Potential AEs following seasonal influenza vaccination may affect the recovery of the hypertensive population. The majority of AEs reported were general disorders, predominantly injection site reactions, and nonserious.","PeriodicalId":501071,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Epidemiology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-04DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.04.24313008
Ziqing Wang, Danielle A Wallace, Brian W Spitzer, Tianyi Huang, Kent Taylor, Jerome I Rotter, Stephen S Rich, Peter Y Liu, Martha L. Daviglus, Lifang Hou, Alberto R Ramos, Sonya Kaur, J Peter Durda, Hector M González, Myriam Fornage, Susan Redline, Carmen R Isasi, Tamar Sofer
Introduction DNA methylation (DNAm) predictors of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) offer a stable and accurate means of assessing chronic inflammation, bypassing the CRP protein fluctuations secondary to acute illness. Poor sleep health is associated with elevated inflammation (including elevated blood CRP levels) which may explain associations of sleep insufficiency with metabolic, cardiovascular and neurological diseases. Our study aims to characterize the relationships among sleep health phenotypes and CRP markers —blood, genetic, and epigenetic indicators— within the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).
导言：高灵敏度 C 反应蛋白（CRP）的 DNA 甲基化（DNAm）预测指标为评估慢性炎症提供了一种稳定而准确的方法，避开了急性疾病引起的 CRP 蛋白波动。睡眠质量差与炎症（包括血液中 CRP 水平升高）相关，这可能是睡眠不足与代谢、心血管和神经系统疾病相关的原因。我们的研究旨在描述拉美裔社区健康研究（HCHS/SOL）中睡眠健康表型与 CRP 标志物（血液、遗传和表观遗传指标）之间的关系。
{"title":"Analysis of C-reactive protein omics-measures associates methylation risk score with sleep health and related health outcomes","authors":"Ziqing Wang, Danielle A Wallace, Brian W Spitzer, Tianyi Huang, Kent Taylor, Jerome I Rotter, Stephen S Rich, Peter Y Liu, Martha L. Daviglus, Lifang Hou, Alberto R Ramos, Sonya Kaur, J Peter Durda, Hector M González, Myriam Fornage, Susan Redline, Carmen R Isasi, Tamar Sofer","doi":"10.1101/2024.09.04.24313008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.04.24313008","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Introduction</strong> DNA methylation (DNAm) predictors of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) offer a stable and accurate means of assessing chronic inflammation, bypassing the CRP protein fluctuations secondary to acute illness. Poor sleep health is associated with elevated inflammation (including elevated blood CRP levels) which may explain associations of sleep insufficiency with metabolic, cardiovascular and neurological diseases. Our study aims to characterize the relationships among sleep health phenotypes and CRP markers —blood, genetic, and epigenetic indicators— within the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).","PeriodicalId":501071,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Epidemiology","volume":"134 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antimalarial drug resistance has been an obstacle in the fight against malaria over the years. Antimalarial self-medication is one of the factors associated with antimalarial resistance, and is on the rise globally and has become quite common among developing populations. Self-medication is when individuals choose and use medications to treat symptoms they perceive or diagnose themselves, without the guidance of a healthcare professional. This study aimed at investigating prevalence and determinants of antimalarial drug self-medication among adults in Ndola district, Zambia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among adults in Ndola district, Zambia in June 2023. Using multistage cluster sampling, 446 participants were randomly selected and interviewed through a mobile-based structured questionnaire administered by the researchers using Kobo collect/kobo toolbox. The head of household was the primary participant. Data was then exported to Microsoft Excel, cleaned and coded, and thereafter exported to STATA version 16.1 for analysis. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analysis was used to test associations between categorical variables and to estimate the odds of antimalarial drug self-medication associated with the explanatory variables. The prevalence of antimalarial drug self-medication was 20% in this study population and the factors significantly associated were; moderate to mild illness, bad experience with hospital care, lack of knowledge about antimalarial drug resistance, and the perception that antimalarial drug self-medication was not risky. The finding that antimalarial self-medication was common in this study population is suggestive of a poor state of the health-care delivery system possibly due to inadequate manpower, stock out of drugs in health facilities, and lack of awareness about the risks of self-medication. This further suggests that there is great need for regulatory authorities to strengthen drug regulations and update the list of over-the-counter and essential medicines to ensure the safety of public health. In addition, authorities should repackage malaria sensitization messages to strongly highlight the risks of antimalarial drug self-medication.
多年来，抗疟药物抗药性一直是抗击疟疾的障碍。抗疟自我药疗是抗疟药物耐药性的相关因素之一，在全球范围内呈上升趋势，在发展中国家人口中已相当普遍。自我用药是指个人在没有专业医护人员指导的情况下，选择和使用药物来治疗自己感知或诊断出的症状。本研究旨在调查赞比亚恩多拉地区成年人自我服用抗疟药物的流行率和决定因素。这项横断面研究于 2023 年 6 月在赞比亚恩多拉地区的成年人中进行。研究人员使用 Kobo collect/kobo toolbox，通过基于移动设备的结构化问卷对 446 名参与者进行了随机抽样和访谈。户主是主要参与者。数据随后被导出到 Microsoft Excel，经过清理和编码后，导出到 STATA 16.1 版进行分析。采用卡方检验和逻辑回归分析来检验分类变量之间的关联，并估算抗疟药物自我药疗与解释变量相关的几率。在本研究人群中，自行服用抗疟药物的发生率为 20%，与之密切相关的因素包括：中度至轻度疾病、医院护理经验不足、缺乏抗疟药物耐药性知识，以及认为自行服用抗疟药物没有风险。本研究发现，抗疟药物自我药疗在研究人群中很常见，这表明医疗保健服务系统的状况不佳，原因可能是人力不足、医疗机构药品短缺以及缺乏对自我药疗风险的认识。这进一步表明，监管当局亟需加强药品监管，更新非处方药和基本药物清单，以确保公众健康安全。此外，当局应重新包装疟疾宣传信息，大力强调自行服用抗疟药物的风险。
{"title":"Determinants of self-treatment with antimalarials in Ndola district, Zambia: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Namasiku Grace Susiku, Choolwe Jacobs, Jessy Zgambo, Patrick Kaonga, Lungowe Sitali","doi":"10.1101/2024.09.02.24312958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.02.24312958","url":null,"abstract":"Antimalarial drug resistance has been an obstacle in the fight against malaria over the years. Antimalarial self-medication is one of the factors associated with antimalarial resistance, and is on the rise globally and has become quite common among developing populations. Self-medication is when individuals choose and use medications to treat symptoms they perceive or diagnose themselves, without the guidance of a healthcare professional. This study aimed at investigating prevalence and determinants of antimalarial drug self-medication among adults in Ndola district, Zambia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among adults in Ndola district, Zambia in June 2023. Using multistage cluster sampling, 446 participants were randomly selected and interviewed through a mobile-based structured questionnaire administered by the researchers using Kobo collect/kobo toolbox. The head of household was the primary participant. Data was then exported to Microsoft Excel, cleaned and coded, and thereafter exported to STATA version 16.1 for analysis. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analysis was used to test associations between categorical variables and to estimate the odds of antimalarial drug self-medication associated with the explanatory variables. The prevalence of antimalarial drug self-medication was 20% in this study population and the factors significantly associated were; moderate to mild illness, bad experience with hospital care, lack of knowledge about antimalarial drug resistance, and the perception that antimalarial drug self-medication was not risky. The finding that antimalarial self-medication was common in this study population is suggestive of a poor state of the health-care delivery system possibly due to inadequate manpower, stock out of drugs in health facilities, and lack of awareness about the risks of self-medication. This further suggests that there is great need for regulatory authorities to strengthen drug regulations and update the list of over-the-counter and essential medicines to ensure the safety of public health. In addition, authorities should repackage malaria sensitization messages to strongly highlight the risks of antimalarial drug self-medication.","PeriodicalId":501071,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Epidemiology","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-03DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.02.24312928
Renée MG Verdiesen, Mehrnoosh Shokouhi, Stephen Burgess, Sander Canisius, Jenny Chang-Claude, Stig E Bojesen, Marjanka K Schmidt
Background It is unclear if established breast cancer risk factors exert similar causal effects across hormone receptor breast cancer subtypes. We estimated and compared causal estimates of height, body mass index (BMI), type 2 diabetes, age at menarche, age at menopause, breast density, alcohol consumption, regular smoking, and physical activity across these subtypes.
{"title":"Causal effects of breast cancer risk factors across hormone receptor breast cancer subtypes: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study","authors":"Renée MG Verdiesen, Mehrnoosh Shokouhi, Stephen Burgess, Sander Canisius, Jenny Chang-Claude, Stig E Bojesen, Marjanka K Schmidt","doi":"10.1101/2024.09.02.24312928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.02.24312928","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Background</strong> It is unclear if established breast cancer risk factors exert similar causal effects across hormone receptor breast cancer subtypes. We estimated and compared causal estimates of height, body mass index (BMI), type 2 diabetes, age at menarche, age at menopause, breast density, alcohol consumption, regular smoking, and physical activity across these subtypes.","PeriodicalId":501071,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Epidemiology","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-03DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.02.24312850
Eleanor Winpenny, Jan Stochl, Alun Hughes, Kate Tilling, Laura D Howe
Introduction Socioeconomic position has been strongly associated with cardiovascular health. However, little is known about the short-term health impacts of socioeconomic exposures during early adulthood. In this study we describe distinct socioeconomic trajectories of early adulthood (age 16-24y), and assess associations of these trajectories with measures of cardiometabolic health at age 24y.
{"title":"How do socioeconomic trajectories experienced during early adulthood contribute to the development of cardiometabolic health in young adults?","authors":"Eleanor Winpenny, Jan Stochl, Alun Hughes, Kate Tilling, Laura D Howe","doi":"10.1101/2024.09.02.24312850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.02.24312850","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Introduction</strong> Socioeconomic position has been strongly associated with cardiovascular health. However, little is known about the short-term health impacts of socioeconomic exposures during early adulthood. In this study we describe distinct socioeconomic trajectories of early adulthood (age 16-24y), and assess associations of these trajectories with measures of cardiometabolic health at age 24y.","PeriodicalId":501071,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Epidemiology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-02DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.29.24312784
Huibert-Jan Joosse, Chontira Chumsaeng, Albert Huisman, Imo Hoefer, Wouter W van Solinge, Saskia Haitjema, Bram van Es
Background: The routine diagnostic process increasingly entails the processing of high-volume and high-dimensional data. This processing may provide scaling issues that limit the implementation of these types of data into research as well as integrated diagnostics in routine care. Here, we investigate whether we can use existing dimension reduction techniques to provide visualisations and analyses for a complete bloodcount (CBC) while maintaining representativeness of the original data. We considered over 3 million CBC measurements encompassing over 70 parameters of cell frequency, size and complexity from the UMC Utrecht UPOD database. We evaluated PCA as an example of a linear dimension reduction techniques and UMAP, TriMap and PaCMAP as non-linear dimension reduction techniques. We assessed their technical performance using quality metrics for dimension reduction as well as biological representation by evaluating preservation of diurnal, age and sex patterns, cluster preservation and the identification of leukemia patients. Results: We found that PCA performs systematically better than the UMAP, TriMap and PaCMAP in representing the underlying data. Biological relevance was retained for periodicity in the data. However, we also observed a decrease in predictive performance of the reduced data for both age and sex, as well as an overestimation of clusters within the reduced data. Finally, we were able to identify the diverging patterns for leukemia patients after use of dimensionality reduction methods. Conclusions: We conclude that for hematology data, the use of unsupervised dimension reduction techniques should be limited to data visualization applications, as implementing them in diagnostic pipelines may lead to decreased quality of integrated diagnostics in routine care.
{"title":"Haematology dimension reduction, a large scale application to regular care haematology data","authors":"Huibert-Jan Joosse, Chontira Chumsaeng, Albert Huisman, Imo Hoefer, Wouter W van Solinge, Saskia Haitjema, Bram van Es","doi":"10.1101/2024.08.29.24312784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.29.24312784","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The routine diagnostic process increasingly entails the processing of high-volume and high-dimensional data. This processing may provide scaling issues that limit the implementation of these types of data into research as well as integrated diagnostics in routine care. Here, we investigate whether we can use existing dimension reduction techniques to provide visualisations and analyses for a complete bloodcount (CBC) while maintaining representativeness of the original data. We considered over 3 million CBC measurements encompassing over 70 parameters of cell frequency, size and complexity from the UMC Utrecht UPOD database. We evaluated PCA as an example of a linear dimension reduction techniques and UMAP, TriMap and PaCMAP as non-linear dimension reduction techniques. We assessed their technical performance using quality metrics for dimension reduction as well as biological representation by evaluating preservation of diurnal, age and sex patterns, cluster preservation and the identification of leukemia patients. Results: We found that PCA performs systematically better than the UMAP, TriMap and PaCMAP in representing the underlying data. Biological relevance was retained for periodicity in the data. However, we also observed a decrease in predictive performance of the reduced data for both age and sex, as well as an overestimation of clusters within the reduced data. Finally, we were able to identify the diverging patterns for leukemia patients after use of dimensionality reduction methods. Conclusions: We conclude that for hematology data, the use of unsupervised dimension reduction techniques should be limited to data visualization applications, as implementing them in diagnostic pipelines may lead to decreased quality of integrated diagnostics in routine care.","PeriodicalId":501071,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Epidemiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background Maternal and newborn mortality and morbidity remain high in low-and middle-income countries such as Ethiopia. Limited access and dropouts from essential continuum of care interventions are critical factors. In Ethiopia about one in five complete the continuum of essential care through pregnancy, childbirth, and postnatal period Ethiopia. Evidence is limited on whether a package of interventions involving key community health actors increase the proportion completing essential maternal and newborn healthcare continuum in rural Sidama regional state, Ethiopia.
{"title":"Cluster randomized controlled trial to assess the effectiveness of a package of community-based intervention on continuum of maternal and newborn healthcare in Sidama, Ethiopia:The SiMaNeH trial protocol","authors":"Achamyelesh Gebretsadik, Yemisrach Shiferaw, Hirut Gemeda, Yaliso Yaya","doi":"10.1101/2024.09.01.24312899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.09.01.24312899","url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Background</strong> Maternal and newborn mortality and morbidity remain high in low-and middle-income countries such as Ethiopia. Limited access and dropouts from essential continuum of care interventions are critical factors. In Ethiopia about one in five complete the continuum of essential care through pregnancy, childbirth, and postnatal period Ethiopia. Evidence is limited on whether a package of interventions involving key community health actors increase the proportion completing essential maternal and newborn healthcare continuum in rural Sidama regional state, Ethiopia.","PeriodicalId":501071,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Epidemiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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