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Growth Hormone Receptor in Lateral Hypothalamic Neurons Is Required for Increased Food-Seeking Behavior during Food Restriction in Male Mice. 雄性小鼠在食物限制期间增加寻食行为需要下丘脑外侧神经元中的生长激素受体。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1761-23.2024
Mariana R Tavares, Willian O Dos Santos, Isadora C Furigo, Edward O List, John J Kopchick, Jose Donato

Growth hormone (GH) action in the brain regulates neuroendocrine axes, energy and glucose homeostasis, and several neurological functions. The lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) contains numerous neurons that respond to a systemic GH injection by expressing the phosphorylated STAT5, a GH receptor (GHR) signaling marker. However, the potential role of GHR signaling in the LHA is unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that ∼70% of orexin- and leptin receptor (LepR)-expressing neurons in the LHA are responsive to GH. Male mice carrying inactivation of the Ghr gene in the LHA were generated via bilateral injections of an adeno-associated virus. In ad libitum-fed mice, GHR ablation in LHA neurons did not significantly change energy and glucose homeostasis. Subsequently, mice were subjected to 5 d of 40% food restriction. Food restriction decreased body weight, energy expenditure, and carbohydrate oxidation. These effects were similarly observed in control and LHAΔGHR mice. While food-deprived control mice progressively increased ambulatory/exploratory activity and food-seeking behavior, LHAΔGHR mice did not show hyperactivity induced by food restriction. GHR ablation in the LHA reduced the percentage of orexin neurons expressing c-Fos during food restriction. Additionally, an acute GH injection increased the expression of c-Fos in LHAORX neurons. Inactivation of Ghr in LepR-expressing cells did not prevent hyperactivity in food-deprived mice, whereas whole-brain Ghr knock-out mice showed reduced ambulatory activity during food restriction. Our findings indicate that GHR signaling in the LHA regulates the activity of orexin neurons and is necessary to increase food-seeking behavior in food-deprived male mice.

生长激素(GH)在大脑中的作用调节着神经内分泌轴、能量和葡萄糖平衡以及多种神经功能。下丘脑外侧区(LHA)含有大量神经元,这些神经元通过表达磷酸化的 STAT5(一种 GH 受体(GHR)信号标记)对全身性 GH 注射做出反应。然而,GHR 信号在 LHA 中的潜在作用尚不清楚。在这项研究中,我们证实 LHA 中约 70% 的奥曲肽和瘦素受体(LepR)表达神经元对 GH 有反应。通过双侧注射腺相关病毒产生了携带LHA中Ghr基因失活的雄性小鼠。在自由进食的小鼠中,LHA神经元中的GHR消减并没有显著改变能量和葡萄糖稳态。随后,对小鼠进行为期5天的40%食物限制。食物限制降低了体重、能量消耗和碳水化合物氧化。在对照组和 LHAΔGHR 小鼠身上也观察到了类似的效应。食物匮乏的对照组小鼠的活动/探索活动和寻食行为逐渐增加,而LHAΔGHR小鼠则没有表现出食物限制引起的多动症。LHA 中的 GHR 消融降低了食物限制期间表达 c-Fos 的奥曲肽神经元的百分比。此外,急性注射 GH 会增加 LHAORX 神经元中 c-Fos 的表达。LepR 表达细胞中的 Ghr 失活并不能阻止食物匮乏小鼠的过度活动,而全脑 Ghr 基因敲除小鼠在食物限制期间的活动减少。我们的研究结果表明,LHA中的GHR信号调节奥曲肽神经元的活性,是增加食物匮乏雄性小鼠寻食行为的必要条件。 意义声明 生长激素(GH)缺乏症患者经常出现食欲、记忆、情绪、幸福感、新陈代谢和睡眠等方面的问题。这些变化背后的机制尚不清楚,但下丘脑外侧区(LHA)的神经元参与了所有这些功能的调节。在这里,我们在雄性小鼠身上发现,LHA 中的奥曲肽神经元表达 GH 受体,而 GH 会增加这些细胞的活性。与对照组动物不同的是,LHA神经元中的GH受体失活的小鼠在受到食物限制时无法增加它们的活动/探索活动,从而增加了寻食行为。因此,我们的研究揭示了一个受 GH 作用影响的新神经元群,它可以调节多个神经系统方面,包括摄食、唤醒、奖赏和动机行为。
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引用次数: 0
Expression of Concern: L'Episcopo et al., "Plasticity of Subventricular Zone Neuroprogenitors in MPTP (1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine) Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease Involves Cross Talk between Inflammatory and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathways: Functional Consequences for Neuroprotection and Repair". 表达关切:L'Episcopo 等人,"帕金森病 MPTP(1-甲基-4-苯基-1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶)小鼠模型室管膜下区神经源细胞的可塑性涉及炎症和 Wnt/β-Catenin 信号通路之间的交叉对话:神经保护和修复的功能性后果"。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2033-24.2024
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引用次数: 0
Spatiotemporal Mapping of Auditory Onsets during Speech Production. 语音生成过程中听觉起始点的时空映射。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1109-24.2024
Garret Lynn Kurteff, Alyssa M Field, Saman Asghar, Elizabeth C Tyler-Kabara, Dave Clarke, Howard L Weiner, Anne E Anderson, Andrew J Watrous, Robert J Buchanan, Pradeep N Modur, Liberty S Hamilton

The human auditory cortex is organized according to the timing and spectral characteristics of speech sounds during speech perception. During listening, the posterior superior temporal gyrus is organized according to onset responses, which segment acoustic boundaries in speech, and sustained responses, which further process phonological content. When we speak, the auditory system is actively processing the sound of our own voice to detect and correct speech errors in real time. This manifests in neural recordings as suppression of auditory responses during speech production compared with perception, but whether this differentially affects the onset and sustained temporal profiles is not known. Here, we investigated this question using intracranial EEG recorded from seventeen pediatric, adolescent, and adult patients with medication-resistant epilepsy while they performed a reading/listening task. We identified onset and sustained responses to speech in the bilateral auditory cortex and observed a selective suppression of onset responses during speech production. We conclude that onset responses provide a temporal landmark during speech perception that is redundant with forward prediction during speech production and are therefore suppressed. Phonological feature tuning in these "onset suppression" electrodes remained stable between perception and production. Notably, auditory onset responses and phonological feature tuning were present in the posterior insula during both speech perception and production, suggesting an anatomically and functionally separate auditory processing zone that we believe to be involved in multisensory integration during speech perception and feedback control.

在语音感知过程中,人类听觉皮层根据语音的时间和频谱特征进行组织。在听觉过程中,后颞上回根据起始反应和持续反应进行组织,起始反应用于分割语音中的声音边界,持续反应用于进一步处理语音内容。当我们说话时,听觉系统会积极处理我们自己的声音,以实时检测和纠正语音错误。这在神经记录中表现为与感知相比,在语音生成过程中听觉反应受到抑制,但这是否会对起始和持续的时间轮廓产生不同影响尚不清楚。在此,我们使用 17 名儿童、青少年和成年耐药性癫痫患者在执行阅读/听力任务时记录的颅内脑电图研究了这一问题。我们在双侧听觉皮层中发现了对语音的起始反应和持续反应,并观察到在语音产生过程中对起始反应的选择性抑制。我们的结论是,在语音感知过程中,起始反应提供了一个时间标志,而在语音生成过程中,起始反应与前向预测是多余的,因此会被抑制。这些 "起始抑制 "电极的语音特征调谐在感知和语音生成之间保持稳定。值得注意的是,在语音感知和语音生成过程中,后脑岛都存在听觉起始反应和语音特征调谐,这表明在解剖学和功能上存在一个独立的听觉处理区,我们认为它参与了语音感知和反馈控制过程中的多感官整合。这些 "起始反应 "有助于感知连续语音的边界。我们用颅内电极记录了患者在说和听任务中的神经反应,以研究起始反应在言语生成中的作用。在听的过程中,起始反应存在于听觉皮层,但在说的过程中却不存在。另一方面,在这两种情况下都能在脑岛观察到起始反应,这表明脑岛在听觉反馈处理中扮演着不同的功能角色。这些发现通过确定两种功能和解剖学上不同的活动模式,扩展了我们对大脑中参与反馈控制的不同部分在语音生成过程中如何运作的认识。
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引用次数: 0
A Dynamic Link between Respiration and Arousal. 呼吸与唤醒之间的动态联系
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1173-24.2024
Daniel S Kluger, Joachim Gross, Christian Keitel

Viewing brain function through the lens of other physiological processes has critically added to our understanding of human cognition. Further advances though may need a closer look at the interactions between these physiological processes themselves. Here we characterize the interplay of the highly periodic, and metabolically vital respiratory process and fluctuations in arousal neuromodulation, a process classically seen as nonperiodic. In the data from three experiments (N = 56 / 27 / 25 women and men), we tested for covariations in respiratory and pupil size (arousal) dynamics. After substantiating a robust coupling in the largest dataset, we further show that coupling strength decreases during task performance compared with rest and that it mirrors a decreased respiratory rate when participants take deeper breaths. Taken together, these findings suggest a stronger link between respiratory and arousal processes than previously thought. Moreover, these links imply a stronger coupling during periods of rest, and the effect of respiratory rate on the coupling suggests a driving role. As a consequence, studying the role of neuromodulatory arousal on cortical function may also need to consider respiratory influences.

通过其他生理过程来观察大脑功能,极大地促进了我们对人类认知的理解。不过,要取得进一步的进展,可能需要更仔细地研究这些生理过程之间的相互作用。在这里,我们描述了具有高度周期性和新陈代谢活力的呼吸过程与唤醒神经调节波动之间的相互作用。在三项实验数据(N = 56 / 27 / 25 名女性和男性)中,我们测试了呼吸和瞳孔大小(唤醒)动态的共变。在最大的数据集中证实了稳健的耦合之后,我们进一步表明,与休息相比,任务执行期间的耦合强度会降低,而且当参与者进行深呼吸时,耦合强度会反映呼吸频率的降低。综上所述,这些研究结果表明,呼吸过程与唤醒过程之间的联系比以往认为的更为紧密。此外,这些联系意味着在休息期间会有更强的耦合作用,而呼吸频率对耦合作用的影响表明呼吸频率起着驱动作用。因此,在研究神经调节唤醒对大脑皮层功能的作用时,可能也需要考虑呼吸的影响。意义声明 我们描述了呼吸节律和瞳孔直径动态之间的相互作用,这是众所周知的唤醒替代物。尽管我们始终发现呼吸对瞳孔变化的调节作用,但这种调节作用在休息期间(与执行任务期间相比)最为明显,并且取决于呼吸频率(深呼吸与正常呼吸)。
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引用次数: 0
Acid-Sensing Ion Channels Drive the Generation of Tactile Impulses in Merkel Cell-Neurite Complexes of the Glabrous Skin of Rodent Hindpaws. 酸感应离子通道驱动啮齿动物后爪无毛皮肤的梅克尔细胞-神经元复合体产生触觉冲动。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0885-24.2024
Akihiro Yamada, Mayank Gautam, Ayaka I Yamada, Jennifer Ling, Saurav Gupta, Hidemasa Furue, Wenqin Luo, Jianguo G Gu

Merkel cell-neurite complexes (MNCs) are enriched in touch-sensitive areas, including whisker hair follicles and the glabrous skin of the rodent's paws, where tactile stimulation elicits slowly adapting type 1 (SA1) tactile impulses to encode for the sense of touch. Recently, we have shown with rodent whisker hair follicles that SA1 impulses are generated through fast excitatory synaptic transmission at MNCs and driven by acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs). However, it is currently unknown whether, besides whisker hair follicles, ASICs also play an essential role in generating SA1 impulses from MNCs of other body parts in mammals. In the present study, we attempted to address this question by using the skin-nerve preparations made from the hindpaw glabrous skin and tibial nerves of both male and female rodents and applying the pressure-clamped single-fiber recordings. We showed that SA1 impulses elicited by tactile stimulation to the rat hindpaw glabrous skin were largely diminished in the presence of amiloride and diminazene, two ASIC channel blockers. Furthermore, using the hindpaw glabrous skin and tibial nerve preparations made from the mice genetically deleted of ASIC3 channels (ASIC3-/-), we showed that the frequency of SA1 impulses was significantly lower in ASIC3-/- mice than in littermate wild-type ASIC3+/+ mice, a result consistent with the pharmacological experiments with ASIC channel blockers. Our findings suggest that ASIC channels are essential for generating SA1 impulses to underlie the sense of touch in the glabrous skin of rodent hindpaws.

梅克尔细胞-神经元复合体(MNCs)富集于触觉敏感区域,包括啮齿动物的胡须毛囊和爪部无毛皮肤,触觉刺激会引起缓慢适应的 1 型(SA1)触觉冲动,从而编码触觉。最近,我们用啮齿动物的胡须毛囊证明,SA1 脉冲是通过 MNC 的快速兴奋性突触传递和酸感应离子通道(ASIC)驱动产生的。然而,除了须毛囊外,ASIC 是否也在哺乳动物其他身体部位的 MNC 产生 SA1 脉冲中发挥重要作用,目前尚不清楚。在本研究中,我们尝试利用雌雄啮齿动物的后爪无毛皮和胫神经制备的皮肤神经制剂,并应用压力钳单纤记录来解决这一问题。我们的研究表明,在阿米洛利和地米那嗪这两种ASIC通道阻断剂的作用下,大鼠后爪无毛皮受到触觉刺激时产生的SA1冲动会大大减少。此外,我们还利用从基因上删除了ASIC3通道(ASIC3-/-)的小鼠的后爪无毛皮肤和胫神经制备物,发现ASIC3-/-小鼠的SA1脉冲频率明显低于同窝野生型ASIC3+/+小鼠,这一结果与ASIC通道阻断剂的药理实验结果一致。我们的研究结果表明,ASIC 通道对产生 SA1 脉冲至关重要,是啮齿动物后爪无毛皮肤触觉的基础。 重要意义 声明 梅克尔细胞-神经元复合体(MNCs)富集在触觉敏感区域,包括胡须毛囊和啮齿动物爪子的无毛皮肤,触觉刺激会引起缓慢适应的 1 型(SA1)触觉脉冲,从而编码触觉。在这里,我们利用从啮齿动物后爪无毛皮和胫神经制备的皮肤神经制剂,并应用压力钳夹单纤维记录,证明了 ASIC 通道对于在啮齿动物后爪无毛皮的 MNC 上产生 SA1 脉冲是必不可少的。因此,MNCs 上的 ASIC 通道可能在哺乳动物皮肤的触觉中起着关键作用。
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引用次数: 0
Probing Perceptual Uncertainty to Examine the Relationship between Curiosity and Confidence. 探索感知的不确定性,研究好奇心与信心之间的关系。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1787-24.2024
Jocelyn A Halim
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引用次数: 0
Kernels of Motor Memory Formation: Temporal Generalization in Bimanual Adaptation. 运动记忆形成的内核:双肢适应中的时间泛化
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0359-24.2024
Ian S Howard, Sae Franklin, David W Franklin

In daily life, we coordinate both simultaneous and sequential bimanual movements to manipulate objects. Our ability to rapidly account for different object dynamics suggests there are neural mechanisms to quickly deal with them. Here we investigate how actions of one arm can serve as a contextual cue for the other arm and facilitate adaptation. Specifically, we examine the temporal characteristics that underlie motor memory formation and recall, by testing the contextual effects of prior, simultaneous, and post contralateral arm movements in both male and female human participants. To do so, we measure their temporal generalization in three bimanual interference tasks. Importantly, the timing context of the learned action plays a pivotal role in the temporal generalization. While motor memories trained with post adaptation contextual movements generalize broadly, motor memories trained with prior contextual movements exhibit limited generalization, and motor memories trained with simultaneous contextual movements do not generalize to prior or post contextual timings. This highlights temporal tuning in sensorimotor plasticity: different training conditions yield substantially different temporal generalization characteristics. Since these generalizations extend far beyond any variability in training times, we suggest that the observed differences may stem from inherent differences in the use of prior, current, and post adaptation contextual information in the generation of natural behavior. This would imply differences in the underlying neural circuitry involved in learning and executing the corresponding coordinated bimanual movements.

在日常生活中,我们会协调同时和连续的双臂动作来操纵物体。我们能够快速考虑不同物体的动态,这表明我们有快速处理这些动态的神经机制。在此,我们研究了一只手臂的动作如何作为另一只手臂的情境线索,并促进适应。具体来说,我们通过测试男性和女性参与者之前、同时和之后对侧手臂动作的情境效应,研究了运动记忆形成和回忆的时间特征。为此,我们在三个双臂干扰任务中测量了它们的时间泛化。重要的是,所学动作的时间背景在时间泛化中起着关键作用。用适应后的情境动作训练出来的运动记忆具有广泛的泛化能力,而用之前的情境动作训练出来的运动记忆则表现出有限的泛化能力,用同时的情境动作训练出来的运动记忆则不能泛化到之前或之后的情境时间。这凸显了感觉运动可塑性中的时间调谐:不同的训练条件会产生截然不同的时间泛化特征。由于这些泛化远远超出了训练时间的任何变化,我们认为观察到的差异可能源于在自然行为产生过程中使用先前、当前和适应后情境信息的内在差异。这意味着在学习和执行相应的协调双足动作时所涉及的潜在神经回路存在差异。 意义声明 这项研究解决了感觉运动神经科学领域的一个基本问题,即在单个运动记忆中,多个动作是如何在时间上联系在一起的。我们通过双臂运动学习任务,在一系列先前、当前和适应后运动时间内改变与已学运动记忆相关的情境运动的时间,从而研究了运动记忆形成的时间泛化。根据情境动作是发生在适应动作之前、同时还是之后,我们观察到了不同的时间泛化模式。我们的研究结果首次揭示了情境运动的时间对运动记忆的形成和泛化至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Erratum: Hurley et al., "GluN3A and Excitatory Glycine Receptors in the Adult Hippocampus". 勘误:Hurley 等人,"成人海马中的 GluN3A 和兴奋性甘氨酸受体"。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2031-24.2024
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引用次数: 0
The Icelandic Mutation (APP-A673T) Is Protective against Amyloid Pathology In Vivo. 冰岛突变(APP-A673T)对体内淀粉样病理具有保护作用。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0223-24.2024
Sho Shimohama, Ryo Fujioka, Naomi Mihira, Misaki Sekiguchi, Luca Sartori, Daisuke Joho, Takashi Saito, Takaomi C Saido, Jin Nakahara, Tomohito Hino, Atsushi Hoshino, Hiroki Sasaguri

A previous epidemiological study in Northern Europe showed that the A673T mutation (Icelandic mutation) in the amyloid precursor protein gene (APP) can protect against Alzheimer's disease (AD). While the effect of the A673T mutation on APP processing has been investigated primarily in vitro, its in vivo impact has not been evaluated. This is mainly because most existing AD mouse models carry the Swedish mutation. The Swedish and Icelandic mutations are both located near the β-cleavage site, and each mutation is presumed to have the opposite effect on β-cleavage. Therefore, in the AD mouse models with the Swedish mutation, its effects could compete with the effects of the Icelandic mutation. Here, we introduced the A673T mutation into App knock-in mice devoid of the Swedish mutation (AppG-F mice) to avoid potential deleterious effects of the Swedish mutation and generated AppG-F-A673T mice. APP-A673T significantly downregulated β-cleavage and attenuated the production of Aβ and amyloid pathology in the brains of these animals. The Icelandic mutation also reduced neuroinflammation and neuritic alterations. Both sexes were studied. This is the first successful demonstration of the protective effect of the Icelandic mutation on amyloid pathology in vivo. Our findings indicate that specific inhibition of the APP-BACE1 interaction could be a promising therapeutic approach. Alternatively, the introduction of the disease-protective mutation such as APP-A673T using in vivo genome editing technology could be a novel treatment for individuals at high risk for AD, such as familial AD gene mutation carriers and APOE ε4 carriers.

此前在北欧进行的一项流行病学研究表明,淀粉样前体蛋白基因(APP)中的 A673T 突变(冰岛突变)可预防阿尔茨海默病(AD)。虽然 A673T 突变对 APP 处理的影响主要在体外进行了研究,但其对体内的影响尚未得到评估。这主要是因为现有的大多数AD小鼠模型都带有瑞典突变。瑞典突变和冰岛突变都位于β裂解位点附近,而每种突变对β裂解的影响被认为是相反的。因此,在AD小鼠模型中,瑞典突变的影响可能与冰岛突变的影响相竞争。在此,我们将A673T突变引入没有瑞典突变的App基因敲入小鼠(AppG-F小鼠),以避免瑞典突变的潜在有害影响,并产生了AppG-F-A673T小鼠。APP-A673T 显著降低了β的裂解,减少了Aβ的产生,减轻了这些动物大脑中的淀粉样病理变化。冰岛突变也减少了神经炎症和神经损伤。研究对象包括两种性别的动物。这是首次成功证明冰岛突变对体内淀粉样病理学的保护作用。我们的研究结果表明,特异性抑制APP-BACE1的相互作用可能是一种很有前景的治疗方法。另外,利用体内基因组编辑技术引入诸如APP-A673T这样的疾病保护性突变,也可能成为针对AD高风险个体(如家族性AD基因突变携带者和APOE ε4携带者)的一种新型治疗方法。A673T 突变对淀粉样蛋白病理学的影响尚未在体内进行评估。利用我们最近开发的一种新型 AD 小鼠模型,我们发现 APP-A673T 可减轻体内淀粉样病理变化。我们证明,其保护作用是通过抑制β裂解和减少大脑中Aβ的产生来实现的。此外,我们还发现冰岛突变还能减少神经炎症和神经损伤。我们的研究结果表明,通过体内基因组编辑特异性抑制APP-BACE1相互作用或引入保护性变体可能是一种很有前景的治疗方法。
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引用次数: 0
Decoding the Temporal Structures and Interactions of Multiple Face Dimensions Using Optically Pumped Magnetometer Magnetoencephalography (OPM-MEG). 利用光学泵浦磁强计脑磁图(OPM-MEG)解码多个面部维度的时间结构和相互作用。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2237-23.2024
Wei Xu, Bingjiang Lyu, Xingyu Ru, Dongxu Li, Wenyu Gu, Xiao Ma, Fufu Zheng, Tingyue Li, Pan Liao, Hao Cheng, Rui Yang, Jingqi Song, Zeyu Jin, Congcong Li, Kaiyan He, Jia-Hong Gao

Humans possess a remarkable ability to rapidly access diverse information from others' faces with just a brief glance, which is crucial for intricate social interactions. While previous studies using event-related potentials/fields have explored various face dimensions during this process, the interplay between these dimensions remains unclear. Here, by applying multivariate decoding analysis to neural signals recorded with optically pumped magnetometer magnetoencephalography, we systematically investigated the temporal interactions between invariant and variable aspects of face stimuli, including race, gender, age, and expression. First, our analysis revealed unique temporal structures for each face dimension with high test-retest reliability. Notably, expression and race exhibited a dominant and stably maintained temporal structure according to temporal generalization analysis. Further exploration into the mutual interactions among face dimensions uncovered age effects on gender and race, as well as expression effects on race, during the early stage (∼200-300 ms postface presentation). Additionally, we observed a relatively late effect of race on gender representation, peaking ∼350 ms after the stimulus onset. Taken together, our findings provide novel insights into the neural dynamics underlying the multidimensional aspects of face perception and illuminate the promising future of utilizing OPM-MEG for exploring higher-level human cognition.

人类拥有一种非凡的能力,只需短短一瞥,就能迅速从他人的面部获取各种信息,这对于复杂的社会互动至关重要。虽然之前的研究利用事件相关电位/场探索了这一过程中的各种人脸维度,但这些维度之间的相互作用仍不清楚。在这里,通过对光泵磁强计脑磁图(OPM-MEG)记录的神经信号进行多元解码分析,我们系统地研究了人脸刺激的不变性和可变性(包括种族、性别、年龄和表情)之间的时间相互作用。首先,我们的分析表明,每个人脸维度都有独特的时间结构,并且具有很高的测试再测可靠性。值得注意的是,根据时间概括分析,表情和种族表现出一种占主导地位且稳定保持的时间结构。对人脸维度之间相互影响的进一步探索发现,在早期阶段(人脸呈现后约 200-300 毫秒),年龄对性别和种族有影响,表情对种族也有影响。此外,我们还观察到种族对性别表征的影响相对较晚,在刺激开始后 350 毫秒左右达到峰值。综上所述,我们的研究结果为人脸感知的多维度背后的神经动力学提供了新的见解,并阐明了利用 OPM-MEG 探索更高层次人类认知的广阔前景。虽然越来越多的证据揭示了人们感知人脸的不变和可变方面(如种族、性别、年龄和表情)的神经基质,但人们仍不完全清楚一个人脸维度的信息如何改变对另一个维度的感知。在这项研究中,我们对通过 OPM-MEG 捕捉到的人脸感知过程中的神经活动进行了多元解码分析。我们的方法能够全面探索不同人脸维度之间的时间交互作用,从而更好地理解支持人脑多维人脸感知的时间结构神经动态。
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Journal of Neuroscience
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