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Progression from the mean: Cultivating instructors' unique trajectories of practice using educational technology 从平均水平出发:利用教育技术培养教师独特的实践轨迹
IF 3.4 2区 工程技术 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1002/jee.20586
Milo D. Koretsky, Susan Bobbitt Nolen, John Galisky, Harpreet Auby, Lorena S. Grundy

Background

In taking up educational technology tools and student-centered instructional practice, there is consensus that instructors consider the unique aspects of their instructional context. However, tool adoption success is often framed narrowly by numerical uptake rates or by conformity with non-negotiable components.

Purpose

We pursue an alternative ecosystems framing which posits that variability among contexts is fundamental to understanding instructors' uptake of instructional tools and the ways their teaching trajectories develop over time.

Design/Method

Through a multiple-case study approach using interviews, usage data, surveys, and records of community meetings, we examine 12 instructors' trajectories to illustrate the dynamic uptake of a technology tool.

Results

Cross-case analysis found that instructors' trajectories are tool-mediated and community-mediated. We present five cases in detail. Two foreground ways that instructors gained insight into student learning from student responses in the tool. Two illustrate the role played by the project's Community of Practice (CoP), an extra-institutional support for deepening practice. The final case illustrates the complexity of an evolving instructional ecosystem and its role in instructors' satisfaction and continued use.

Conclusions

Use of the educational technology tool perturbed ecosystems and supported instructors' evolving trajectories through mediation of instructor and student activity. Instructors' goals guided initial uptake, but both goals and practice were adapted using information from interactions with the tool and the CoP and changes in instructional contexts. The study confirms the need to understand the complexity of the uptake of innovations and illustrates opportunities for educators, developers, and administrators to enhance uptake and support diversity goals.

在采用教育技术工具和以学生为中心的教学实践时,人们一致认为,教师要考虑其教学环境的独特性。我们追求的是另一种生态系统框架,即不同情境下的差异性是理解教师采用教学工具及其教学轨迹随时间发展的基础。通过采用访谈、使用数据、调查和社区会议记录等多案例研究方法,我们研究了 12 位教师的教学轨迹,以说明对技术工具的动态吸收。我们详细介绍了五个案例。其中两个案例强调了指导教师从学生在工具中的回答中洞察学生学习情况的方式。两个案例说明了项目的实践社区(CoP)所发挥的作用,这是深化实践的机构外支持。最后一个案例说明了不断发展的教学生态系统的复杂性及其在教师满意度和持续使用中的作用。教育技术工具的使用扰乱了生态系统,并通过对教师和学生活动的调解支持了教师不断发展的轨迹。教员的目标引导了最初的使用,但目标和实践都根据与工具和 CoP 的互动信息以及教学情境的变化进行了调整。这项研究证实了了解创新吸收的复杂性的必要性,并为教育者、开发者和管理者提供了加强吸收和支持多样性目标的机会。
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引用次数: 0
Investigating engineering undergraduates' agentic and communal career values in writing responses 调查工科大学生在写作回复中的代理和公共职业价值观
IF 3.4 2区 工程技术 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1002/jee.20584
Hye Rin Lee, Nayssan Safavian, Anna-Lena Dicke, Jacquelynne S. Eccles

Background

A perceived fit between personal values and what a career offers is critical for college students pursuing and persisting in that career.

Purpose/Hypothesis(es)

We, therefore, investigated the career values of engineering undergraduates through language in two different studies. Study 1 (N = 35) examined students' written postgraduation plans for agentic and communal career value themes. Drawing on Study 1 themes, Study 2 (N = 918) examined the association of achievement-related and interpersonal word categories in written narratives to surveyed career values.

Design/Method

In Study 1, inductive and deductive approaches were used to identify agentic and communal career values. In Study 2, regressions were conducted using achievement-related and interpersonal words as outcomes.

Results

Study 1 found agentic and communal value themes. Agentic value themes included career, personal development, and financial gains. Communal value themes included helping others and being family-oriented. Results from Study 2 showed that students' language use in the discussion of their careers was associated with surveyed career values.

Conclusion

Although engineering students hold more agentic than communal values, they hold both career values, which may have implications for supporting students from diverse backgrounds.

因此,我们在两项不同的研究中通过语言调查了工科学生的职业价值观。因此,我们通过两项不同的研究,通过语言对工科大学生的职业价值观进行了调查。研究一(N = 35)针对代理和公共职业价值观主题,对学生的书面毕业后计划进行了调查。根据研究 1 的主题,研究 2(N = 918)考察了书面叙述中与成就相关的词类和人际关系词类与所调查的职业价值观之间的关联。在研究 2 中,以成就相关词和人际相关词为结果进行了回归分析。代理价值主题包括职业、个人发展和经济收益。公共价值主题包括帮助他人和以家庭为中心。研究 2 的结果表明,学生在讨论其职业时使用的语言与所调查的职业价值观有关。虽然工科学生持有的代理价值观多于公共价值观,但他们同时持有两种职业价值观,这可能对支持来自不同背景的学生有影响。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding the relationship between idea contributions and idea enactments in student design teams: A social network analysis approach 了解学生设计团队中创意贡献与创意实施之间的关系:社会网络分析方法
IF 3.4 2区 工程技术 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1002/jee.20582
Trevion S. Henderson

Background

Existing research has demonstrated that student characteristics, such as race/ethnicity, sex, and personal beliefs about engineering knowledge, shape students' experiences in ill-structured problem-solving, such as engineering design, where ideas must be communicated, negotiated, and selected in complex social processes.

Purpose

The purpose of this research was to examine the how student characteristics, such as race/ethnicity, sex, and epistemological beliefs, are associated with patterns of idea contributions and ideas enactments in collaborative project teams.

Method

In this article, I use the multilayer exponential random graph model (ERGM) for examining multiple complex social relationships simultaneously. Drawing on survey data from a study of engineering student teamwork, this research examines the relationship perceptions of idea contributions (layer 1) and idea enactments (layer 2) in collaborative project teams.

Results

Results indicated no sex differences in the perceptions of idea contributions and enactments in student design teams. However, underrepresented minority students and Asian America/Pacific Islander students were reported as less frequently having their ideas enacted. Further, epistemological beliefs similarity effects were a significant predictor on the idea contribution layer, and epistemological beliefs sociality effects were significant on the idea enactments layer.

Conclusion

Achieving equity in teamwork pedagogies requires understanding the dynamic social processes that shapes patterns of participation in student teams. This research demonstrates the power of social networks methodologies for modeling teamwork processes, pointing specifically to the ways that student characteristics are associated with perceptions shape idea contributions and enactments in student teams.

背景 现有研究表明,学生的种族/民族、性别和对工程知识的个人信念等特征,会影响学生在非结构化问题解决(如工程设计)过程中的体验,而在非结构化问题解决过程中,想法必须在复杂的社会过程中进行交流、协商和选择。 目的 本研究旨在探讨学生的种族/民族、性别和认识论信念等特征如何与合作项目团队中的想法贡献和想法形成模式相关联。 方法 在本文中,我使用了多层指数随机图模型(ERGM)来同时研究多种复杂的社会关系。本研究利用工程专业学生团队合作研究的调查数据,考察了合作项目团队中想法贡献(第 1 层)和想法实施(第 2 层)的关系认知。 结果 结果表明,在学生设计团队中,对创意贡献和创意实施的认知没有性别差异。然而,据报告,代表性不足的少数族裔学生和亚裔美国人/太平洋岛民学生的想法被采纳的频率较低。此外,认识论信念的相似性效应对创意贡献层有显著的预测作用,认识论信念的社会性效应对创意实施层有显著的预测作用。 结论 要在团队合作教学法中实现公平,就必须了解形成学生团队参与模式的动态社会过程。这项研究证明了社会网络方法对团队合作过程建模的强大作用,并特别指出了学生特征与学生团队中的观点贡献和观点形成相关联的方式。
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引用次数: 0
Beliefs in engineering education research: A systematic scoping review for studying beliefs beyond the most popular constructs 工程教育研究中的信念:对最流行的建构之外的信念研究进行系统的范围界定审查
IF 3.4 2区 工程技术 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-23 DOI: 10.1002/jee.20583
A. Kramer, Alex Leonard, Renee M. Desing, E. Dringenberg
Beliefs are a complex research construct with deep connections to innumerable different research areas and agendas. Engineering education researchers are increasingly studying beliefs, and synergy across these efforts can lead to a greater impact in translating beliefs research into educational practice.Our purpose was to enable any researcher in engineering education to productively research beliefs as a construct. Specifically, we aimed to synthesize the different purposes for studying beliefs, and the extent to which researchers have operationalized beliefs.We conducted a systematic scoping review of beliefs following the PRISMA protocol. We extracted and mapped data from the 79 academic included manuscripts. We performed additional analysis using both inductive and deductive coding methods to synthesize how beliefs have been researched. We included studies about the beliefs of engineering students in post‐secondary education beyond the four most popular types of beliefs (i.e., self‐efficacy, mindset, epistemic, and goal orientation beliefs).Given the diverse nature of beliefs in engineering education, we found that the findings of the included studies could not be coherently synthesized. Instead, we present (1) a synthesis of researchers' purpose(s) for studying beliefs, and (2) a detailed representation of the many ways in which researchers have operationalized beliefs using different theories and methodological approaches.We recommend that researchers studying beliefs work to align their stated purpose for studying beliefs with their research contribution and build understanding of how beliefs ultimately relate to behavior. We also identified an opportunity for researchers to carefully and explicitly operationalize beliefs as a research construct.
信念是一种复杂的研究结构,与无数不同的研究领域和议程有着深刻的联系。工程教育研究人员对信念的研究日益增多,这些工作之间的协同作用可以在将信念研究转化为教育实践方面产生更大的影响。具体而言,我们旨在综合研究信念的不同目的,以及研究人员对信念进行操作化的程度。我们按照 PRISMA 协议对信念进行了系统的范围界定综述。我们从收录的 79 篇学术手稿中提取并绘制了数据图谱。我们还使用归纳和演绎编码方法进行了补充分析,以归纳信念的研究方式。除了四种最常见的信念类型(即自我效能、心态、认识论和目标导向信念)之外,我们还纳入了有关中等后教育中工科学生信念的研究。鉴于工程教育中信念的多样性,我们发现无法对所纳入研究的结果进行连贯的综合。相反,我们提出了(1)研究人员研究信念的目的的综述,以及(2)研究人员使用不同理论和方法对信念进行操作的多种方式的详细表述。我们建议研究信念的研究人员努力使其研究信念的既定目的与其研究贡献相一致,并建立对信念如何最终与行为相关的理解。我们还发现,研究人员有机会将信念作为一种研究建构进行细致而明确的操作化。
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引用次数: 0
Are MOOCs a new way of learning in engineering education in light of the literature? A systematic review and bibliometric analysis 从文献来看,MOOCs 是工程教育的一种新学习方式吗?系统回顾与文献计量分析
IF 3.4 2区 工程技术 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.1002/jee.20580
Zeynep Turan, R. Yilmaz
Massive open online courses (MOOCs) have gained popularity as a form of distance education, highlighting the need for additional research. Various studies have systematically examined scholarly research on MOOCs. However, the reviewed academic publications on the use of MOOCs in engineering education are limited.This study aims to examine the implementation of MOOCs in engineering education using systematic review and bibliometric analysis methods.This study examines 68 studies from the Web of Science database that fall within the scope of the systematic review and 257 studies for bibliometric analysis.Since 2018, there has been a growing number of studies exploring the uses of MOOCs in engineering education. The quantitative research method is the most preferred, while the mixed method is the least preferred. The study found that using MOOCs in engineering education resulted in positive student perceptions and satisfaction. However, the lack of interactivity between learners and instructors or among learners was the most frequently reported problem. Moreover, the bibliometric analysis indicates that reviewed studies extensively explore learners' engagement, interactions, and feedback processes. Recently, academic research focused on sentiment analysis, deep learning, educational technology, machine learning, and text mining.There is a need for further investigation into utilizing MOOCs in engineering education. This study's evaluation of MOOCs' pros and cons yields essential insights for optimizing their use in engineering education. By leveraging the positive aspects outlined in the study, educators can enhance engineering students' satisfaction and participation in MOOCs. These findings offer a valuable resource for researchers exploring MOOC‐related topics in engineering education.
作为远程教育的一种形式,大规模开放式在线课程(MOOCs)越来越受欢迎,这凸显了开展更多研究的必要性。各种研究系统地考察了有关 MOOCs 的学术研究。本研究旨在采用系统综述和文献计量分析方法,考察MOOCs在工程教育中的实施情况。本研究考察了科学网数据库中属于系统综述范围的68项研究和257项文献计量分析研究。2018年以来,探讨MOOCs在工程教育中应用的研究越来越多。其中,定量研究方法最受青睐,混合研究方法最不受欢迎。研究发现,在工程教育中使用MOOCs会带来积极的学生感知和满意度。然而,学习者与教师之间或学习者之间缺乏互动性是最常报告的问题。此外,文献计量分析表明,所审查的研究广泛探讨了学习者的参与、互动和反馈过程。最近,学术研究的重点是情感分析、深度学习、教育技术、机器学习和文本挖掘。本研究对 MOOCs 的利弊进行了评估,为优化其在工程教育中的应用提供了重要启示。通过利用研究中概述的积极方面,教育者可以提高工科学生对 MOOCs 的满意度和参与度。这些发现为探索工程教育中 MOOC 相关主题的研究人员提供了宝贵的资源。
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引用次数: 0
Not returning to the “before times” 不回到 "以前的时代"
IF 3.4 2区 工程技术 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-10 DOI: 10.1002/jee.20578
David B. Knight, Joyce B. Main
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引用次数: 0
What if engineering students had a bill of rights? A thought experiment 如果工科学生有权利法案会怎样?思想实验
IF 3.4 2区 工程技术 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-27 DOI: 10.1002/jee.20577
Walter C. Lee
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引用次数: 0
Engineers, figuring it out: Collaborative learning in cultural worlds 工程师们,想办法文化世界中的协作学习
IF 3.4 2区 工程技术 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-23 DOI: 10.1002/jee.20576
Susan Bobbitt Nolen, Edward L. Michor, Milo D. Koretsky

Background

Although open-ended projects are common in the first and final years of US engineering programs, middle-year courses tend to utilize simpler highly constrained problems. Such problems can elicit knowledge and social practices typical of school activity (“School World”), with limited applicability in real engineering work (“Engineering World”). They can also result in inequitable participation in groups.

Purpose

We investigate whether a single-session, complex studio task can promote equitable disciplinary engagement in the middle years, where time is limited and students' engineering knowledge needs to be developed. We ask whether and how the task is taken up by teams “thinking and acting like students” versus “thinking and acting like engineers.”

Design/Method

This microgenetic laboratory study analyzes video data of three student teams completing a realistic complex task.

Results

Teams initially used “School World” strategies and social arrangements, but eventually the task demands and facilitator framing shifted activity to “Engineering World.” We found within-team, between-world differences in reasoning, tool use, and social practices. Examination of shifts from School World to Engineering World pointed to the importance of task framing, material tools, peer interaction, and facilitator support.

Conclusions

Activity can shift to the disciplinary social and knowledge practices of engineering in a single task, expanding opportunities to learn those practices and promoting more equitable interactions. Instructors should seek to support disciplinary practices while preserving students' authority to make decisions. Future research should explore the impact of a steady diet of these kinds of studios in the middle years.

尽管开放式项目在美国工程学课程的第一年和最后一年很常见,但中年级的课程往往 采用较为简单的高度受限的问题。这些问题可以激发典型的学校活动("学校世界")中的知识和社会实践,但在实际工程工作("工程世界")中的适用性有限。我们研究的是,在时间有限且学生的工程知识需要发展的初中阶段,一个单一的、复杂的工作室任务能否促进公平的学科参与。这项微遗传实验室研究分析了三个学生团队完成一项现实的复杂任务的视频数据。团队最初使用 "学校世界 "的策略和社会安排,但最终任务要求和主持人的框架将活动转移到了 "工程世界"。我们发现了团队内部和世界之间在推理、工具使用和社会实践方面的差异。对从 "学校世界 "向 "工程世界 "转变的研究表明,任务框架、材料工具、同伴互动和指导者的支持非常重要。指导者应努力支持学科实践,同时维护学生的决策权。未来的研究应探索在初中阶段持续开展此类工作室活动的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Experiential learning in engineering education: A systematic literature review 工程教育中的体验式学习:系统文献综述
IF 3.4 2区 工程技术 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-17 DOI: 10.1002/jee.20575
Gerald Tembrevilla, André Phillion, Melec Zeadin

Background

The evolving transformations of our society at large, academic institutions, and engineering discipline in the 21st century have profound implications for the nature of experiential learning being offered in engineering education. However, what is experiential learning in the context of engineering education?

Purpose

The introduction and evaluation of experiential learning in undergraduate engineering education between 1995 and 2020, as well as the essential elements for consideration in its future implementation, have been analyzed and synthesized.

Design/Method

A population–intervention–comparison–outcome framework and PRISMA flow diagram were used to outline a systematic literature review on how experiential learning was introduced into undergraduate engineering curricula, how it was evaluated, and the essential elements for consideration in its future implementation.

Findings

A total of 220 studies were synthesized. These studies offered a new lens of seeing experiential learning, which were interpreted as “paradigm shifts.” More than one-half of the total studies were conducted between 1995 and 2005. These studies were strongly directed at measuring student performance and occurred in a decade when many North American engineering curricula were being restructured. The review indicated that experiential learning has been successfully carried out via diverse methodologies. However, there is a strong need to enrich it with a theoretical basis.

Conclusions

Experiential learning introduced into engineering education appeared to be an interdependent selfschoolcommunity entity. In the changing work environment of the 21st century, heightened by the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, invoking the inseparability of self, school, and community would provide unique perspectives to our evolving understanding of experiential learning and its relevance in engineering discipline.

21 世纪,整个社会、学术机构和工程学科都在发生变化,这对工程教育中体验式学 习的性质产生了深远的影响。我们采用了 "人群-干预-比较-结果 "框架和 PRISMA 流程图,就如何将体验式学习引入本科工程学课程、如何评价体验式学习以及未来实施体验式学习时应考虑的基本要素进行了系统的文献综述。这些研究提供了看待体验式学习的新视角,被解释为 "范式转变"。在所有研究中,超过一半的研究是在 1995 至 2005 年间进行的。这些研究主要针对学生成绩的测评,并且发生在北美许多工程学课程正在重组的十年间。审查表明,体验式学习已通过各种方法成功地开展起来。将体验式学习引入工程教育似乎是一个相互依存的自我-学校-社区实体。在 21 世纪不断变化的工作环境中,由于 COVID-19 大流行病的影响,援引自我、学校和社区的不可分割性将为我们对体验式学习及其在工程学科中的相关性的不断发展的理解提供独特的视角。
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引用次数: 0
Integrating reading and writing with STEAM/STEM: A systematic review on STREAM education 将阅读和写作与 STEAM/STEM 相结合:STREAM 教育系统综述
IF 3.4 2区 工程技术 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-13 DOI: 10.1002/jee.20569
Wang Sun, Baizhang Zhong
Science, technology, reading and writing, engineering, art, and mathematics (STREAM) education is an emerging form of STEM/STEAM education. STEM education research focuses on how students acquire knowledge and skills. The potential of reading and writing to effectively support students in STEM education has been the focus of research. Although researchers have noted the role of language, they have not explored it in depth.This paper presents a systematic review of STREAM education to clarify how reading/writing is integrated with STEM/STEAM education and explores the level of cognitive goals in instruction.By searching for articles related to STREAM education up to 2021, we coded some important features of STREAM education and highlighted the correlations between two or more features.(i) STREAM education has developed rapidly in the past 3 years; (ii) Writing appeared in STEM education before reading, and the trend of research is spreading from college to lower school levels; (iii) The combination of reading and writing is better in primary school and is underemphasized in middle school; (iv) The cognitive goals of STREAM education in higher education are slightly higher overall than those before college; (v) Current studies focus on the reflection process of the course, while the main process deserves more attention; and (vi) reading/writing activities in the reflection process achieved the highest levels of cognition than in the entry and main processes.The integration of language activities (reading and writing) into STREAM education is a trend toward disciplinary integration, which helps develop students' cognition and form knowledge constructs.
科学、技术、读写、工程、艺术和数学(STREAM)教育是 STEM/STEAM 教育的一种新兴形式。STEM 教育研究的重点是学生如何获取知识和技能。阅读和写作在 STEM 教育中为学生提供有效支持的潜力一直是研究的重点。本文对 STREAM 教育进行了系统综述,以阐明阅读/写作如何与 STEM/STEAM 教育相结合,并探讨教学中认知目标的水平。通过检索 2021 年之前与 STREAM 教育相关的文章,我们对 STREAM 教育的一些重要特征进行了编码,并强调了两个或多个特征之间的相关性。(i) 近三年来,STREAM 教育发展迅速;(ii) STEM 教育中写作先于阅读出现,且研究趋势从大学向低年级蔓延;(iii) 小学阶段阅读与写作结合较好,初中阶段重视不够;(iv) 高等教育中的 STREAM 教育的认知目标总体上略高于大学之前的认知目标;(v) 目前的研究侧重于课程的反思过程,而主要过程更值得关注;(vi) 与入门过程和主要过程相比,反思过程中的阅读/写作活动达到了最高的认知水平。将语言活动(阅读和写作)融入 STREAM 教育是学科整合的趋势,有助于发展学生的认知,形成知识建构。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Engineering Education
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