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Depression and the Neighborhood Experience of Black and Latine Adults 抑郁症与黑人和拉丁裔成年人的邻里经历
Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231222585
Marion L. Malcome, Rachel C. Garthe, Deborah Gorman-Smith, Michael Schoeny
Black and Latine adults living in high-burden urban neighborhoods are at risk for experiencing poor mental health and physical health outcomes. The current study examined the associations between neighborhood concentrated disadvantage and perceptions of neighborhood social cohesion to depressive symptoms, via perceived fear of neighborhood crime. Participants included 585 adults (87% female; 54% Black and 46% Latine) who were parents or caregivers of children and adolescents, representing 30 high-burden urban neighborhoods within one large city in the United States. Nearly one in three adults indicated clinical levels of depressive symptomatology. There was a significant indirect association between neighborhood social cohesion and depressive symptoms for Black adults via heightened levels of fear of crime. Perceptions of neighborhood social cohesion were directly associated with depressive symptoms for Latine adults. These results emphasize the role of distinct neighborhood experiences in understanding mental health among Black and Latine adults living in high-burden urban neighborhoods.
生活在高负担城市社区的黑人和拉丁裔成年人面临着心理健康和身体健康状况不佳的风险。本研究通过对邻里犯罪恐惧的感知,考察了邻里集中的不利条件和邻里社会凝聚力感知与抑郁症状之间的关联。参与者包括 585 名成年人(87% 为女性;54% 为黑人,46% 为拉丁裔),他们是儿童和青少年的父母或照顾者,代表了美国一个大城市中 30 个高负担城市社区。近三分之一的成年人有临床抑郁症状。对于黑人成年人来说,邻里社会凝聚力与抑郁症状之间存在明显的间接联系,因为他们对犯罪的恐惧程度有所提高。拉美裔成年人对邻里社会凝聚力的看法与抑郁症状直接相关。这些结果强调了独特的邻里经历在了解生活在高负担城市社区的黑人和拉丁裔成年人的心理健康方面所起的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Father–Child Contact During Prison and Its Association With Fathers’ Parenting Self-Efficacy 狱中父子接触及其与父亲养育子女自我效能感的关系
Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231220411
Branden A. McLeod, Pajarita Charles, Aaron Gottlieb, Luke Muentner
This study examines the association between three forms of father–child contact during incarceration and fathers’ reports of parental self-efficacy. The study’s sample derives from ( n = 1,720) fathers participating in the Multisite Family Study on Incarceration, Partnering, and Parenting (MFS-IP) study. Multivariate ordinary least squares regression models were conducted to examine the study’s hypotheses. Among the contact types, visits had a positive and significant effect on fathers’ views of their parental efficacy after controlling demographic, familial, and carceral characteristics. This study informs practice and policy, demonstrating that contact is essential to family-strengthening services and beneficial for incarcerated fathers and families. Importantly, efforts should be made to make it easier for fathers to have contact with their children.
本研究探讨了父亲在监禁期间与子女接触的三种形式与父亲的父母自我效能报告之间的关系。研究样本来自参与 "关于监禁、伙伴关系和养育子女的多站点家庭研究"(MFS-IP)的父亲(n = 1,720)。研究采用多变量普通最小二乘法回归模型来检验研究假设。在控制了人口、家庭和监禁特征之后,在接触类型中,探访对父亲对其育儿效能的看法有积极而显著的影响。这项研究为实践和政策提供了参考,证明了接触对于家庭强化服务是必不可少的,并且对被监禁的父亲和家庭有益。重要的是,应努力让父亲更容易与子女接触。
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引用次数: 0
Father–Child Contact During Prison and Its Association With Fathers’ Parenting Self-Efficacy 狱中父子接触及其与父亲养育子女自我效能感的关系
Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231220411
Branden A. McLeod, Pajarita Charles, Aaron Gottlieb, Luke Muentner
This study examines the association between three forms of father–child contact during incarceration and fathers’ reports of parental self-efficacy. The study’s sample derives from ( n = 1,720) fathers participating in the Multisite Family Study on Incarceration, Partnering, and Parenting (MFS-IP) study. Multivariate ordinary least squares regression models were conducted to examine the study’s hypotheses. Among the contact types, visits had a positive and significant effect on fathers’ views of their parental efficacy after controlling demographic, familial, and carceral characteristics. This study informs practice and policy, demonstrating that contact is essential to family-strengthening services and beneficial for incarcerated fathers and families. Importantly, efforts should be made to make it easier for fathers to have contact with their children.
本研究探讨了父亲在监禁期间与子女接触的三种形式与父亲的父母自我效能报告之间的关系。研究样本来自参与 "关于监禁、伙伴关系和养育子女的多站点家庭研究"(MFS-IP)的父亲(n = 1,720)。研究采用多变量普通最小二乘法回归模型来检验研究假设。在控制了人口、家庭和监禁特征之后,在接触类型中,探访对父亲对其育儿效能的看法有积极而显著的影响。这项研究为实践和政策提供了参考,证明了接触对于家庭强化服务是必不可少的,并且对被监禁的父亲和家庭有益。重要的是,应努力让父亲更容易与子女接触。
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引用次数: 0
Depression and the Neighborhood Experience of Black and Latine Adults 抑郁症与黑人和拉丁裔成年人的邻里经历
Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231222585
Marion L. Malcome, Rachel C. Garthe, Deborah Gorman-Smith, Michael Schoeny
Black and Latine adults living in high-burden urban neighborhoods are at risk for experiencing poor mental health and physical health outcomes. The current study examined the associations between neighborhood concentrated disadvantage and perceptions of neighborhood social cohesion to depressive symptoms, via perceived fear of neighborhood crime. Participants included 585 adults (87% female; 54% Black and 46% Latine) who were parents or caregivers of children and adolescents, representing 30 high-burden urban neighborhoods within one large city in the United States. Nearly one in three adults indicated clinical levels of depressive symptomatology. There was a significant indirect association between neighborhood social cohesion and depressive symptoms for Black adults via heightened levels of fear of crime. Perceptions of neighborhood social cohesion were directly associated with depressive symptoms for Latine adults. These results emphasize the role of distinct neighborhood experiences in understanding mental health among Black and Latine adults living in high-burden urban neighborhoods.
生活在高负担城市社区的黑人和拉丁裔成年人面临着心理健康和身体健康状况不佳的风险。本研究通过对邻里犯罪恐惧的感知,考察了邻里集中的不利条件和邻里社会凝聚力感知与抑郁症状之间的关联。参与者包括 585 名成年人(87% 为女性;54% 为黑人,46% 为拉丁裔),他们是儿童和青少年的父母或照顾者,代表了美国一个大城市中 30 个高负担城市社区。近三分之一的成年人有临床抑郁症状。对于黑人成年人来说,邻里社会凝聚力与抑郁症状之间存在明显的间接联系,因为他们对犯罪的恐惧程度有所提高。拉美裔成年人对邻里社会凝聚力的看法与抑郁症状直接相关。这些结果强调了独特的邻里经历在了解生活在高负担城市社区的黑人和拉丁裔成年人的心理健康方面所起的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Re-Examining the Association Between Parental Monitoring, Parental Rearing Behaviors, and Family Risk Factors in Influencing Juvenile Delinquency Among Boys and Girls 重新审视父母的监督、父母的养育行为和家庭风险因素在影响男孩和女孩青少年犯罪方面的关系
Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231221280
Tatjana Vujovic
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between parenting practices, parental misbehavior, sociodemographic factors, and juvenile delinquency behavior. The sample consisted of 178 adolescents, aged between 14 and 18 years. Self-reported questionnaires were used to collect data, and multiple regression analysis was conducted to analyze the results. The findings revealed significant gender differences in the predictors of delinquent behavior. The predictors of delinquent behavior for boys were lack of parental monitoring, parental rejection, overprotection, father’s alcohol abuse, and mother’s drug abuse, while none of the predictors were significant for girls. These results underscore the importance of considering gender differences when exploring the factors associated with juvenile delinquency. By addressing parental misbehavior and substance abuse in a dysfunctional parental environment, psychological interventions can help prevent and reduce delinquent behavior in adolescents.
本研究旨在调查父母教养方式、父母不当行为、社会人口因素与青少年犯罪行为之间的关系。样本包括 178 名 14 至 18 岁的青少年。研究采用自我报告问卷收集数据,并对结果进行多元回归分析。研究结果表明,在犯罪行为的预测因素方面存在明显的性别差异。预测男孩犯罪行为的因素包括父母缺乏监督、父母排斥、过度保护、父亲酗酒和母亲吸毒,而预测女孩犯罪行为的因素均不显著。这些结果突出表明,在探讨与青少年犯罪相关的因素时,考虑性别差异非常重要。通过解决父母在功能失调环境中的不当行为和药物滥用问题,心理干预措施有助于预防和减少青少年的犯罪行为。
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引用次数: 0
Re-Examining the Association Between Parental Monitoring, Parental Rearing Behaviors, and Family Risk Factors in Influencing Juvenile Delinquency Among Boys and Girls 重新审视父母的监督、父母的养育行为和家庭风险因素在影响男孩和女孩青少年犯罪方面的关系
Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231221280
Tatjana Vujovic
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between parenting practices, parental misbehavior, sociodemographic factors, and juvenile delinquency behavior. The sample consisted of 178 adolescents, aged between 14 and 18 years. Self-reported questionnaires were used to collect data, and multiple regression analysis was conducted to analyze the results. The findings revealed significant gender differences in the predictors of delinquent behavior. The predictors of delinquent behavior for boys were lack of parental monitoring, parental rejection, overprotection, father’s alcohol abuse, and mother’s drug abuse, while none of the predictors were significant for girls. These results underscore the importance of considering gender differences when exploring the factors associated with juvenile delinquency. By addressing parental misbehavior and substance abuse in a dysfunctional parental environment, psychological interventions can help prevent and reduce delinquent behavior in adolescents.
本研究旨在调查父母教养方式、父母不当行为、社会人口因素与青少年犯罪行为之间的关系。样本包括 178 名 14 至 18 岁的青少年。研究采用自我报告问卷收集数据,并对结果进行多元回归分析。研究结果表明,在犯罪行为的预测因素方面存在明显的性别差异。预测男孩犯罪行为的因素包括父母缺乏监督、父母排斥、过度保护、父亲酗酒和母亲吸毒,而预测女孩犯罪行为的因素均不显著。这些结果突出表明,在探讨与青少年犯罪相关的因素时,考虑性别差异非常重要。通过解决父母在功能失调环境中的不当行为和药物滥用问题,心理干预措施有助于预防和减少青少年的犯罪行为。
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引用次数: 0
Student Homelessness in High School: Prevalence, Individual Characteristics, and Profiles of Risk and Multidomain Functioning 高中生无家可归:流行率、个人特征以及风险和多领域功能概况
Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231215522
Danielle R. Hatchimonji, Janette E. Herbers, Claire Flatley, Dan Treglia, J. J. Cutuli
We estimated the prevalence of high school homelessness and examined associations among homelessness, demographic factors, victimization experiences, and poor functioning using variable- and person-centered approaches. Anonymous self-report survey data from the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System represented approximately 6.5 million high school students in 29 regions of the United States. An estimated 9.32% of students experienced homelessness. Path analysis found homelessness was related to poor functioning, accounting for victimization and demographic factors. Latent class analysis found the highest risk profiles had high levels of homelessness, victimization, and poor functioning and an overrepresentation of multiracial, Native, and Hispanic/Latino students, and students with LGBT identities. Interventions to prevent, identify, and respond to youth homelessness should address sources of marginalization and adversity.
我们估算了高中生无家可归的普遍程度,并采用变量和以人为本的方法研究了无家可归、人口因素、受害经历和功能低下之间的关联。来自 2019 年青少年危险行为监测系统的匿名自我报告调查数据代表了美国 29 个地区的约 650 万名高中生。估计有 9.32% 的学生曾无家可归。路径分析发现,在考虑到受害情况和人口因素的情况下,无家可归与功能低下有关。潜类分析发现,风险最高的学生有较高的无家可归、受害和功能低下程度,而且多种族、原住民、西班牙裔/拉美裔学生以及具有女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和变性者身份的学生所占比例较高。预防、识别和应对青少年无家可归问题的干预措施应解决边缘化和逆境的根源。
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引用次数: 0
Student Homelessness in High School: Prevalence, Individual Characteristics, and Profiles of Risk and Multidomain Functioning 高中生无家可归:流行率、个人特征以及风险和多领域功能概况
Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231215522
Danielle R. Hatchimonji, Janette E. Herbers, Claire Flatley, Dan Treglia, J. J. Cutuli
We estimated the prevalence of high school homelessness and examined associations among homelessness, demographic factors, victimization experiences, and poor functioning using variable- and person-centered approaches. Anonymous self-report survey data from the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System represented approximately 6.5 million high school students in 29 regions of the United States. An estimated 9.32% of students experienced homelessness. Path analysis found homelessness was related to poor functioning, accounting for victimization and demographic factors. Latent class analysis found the highest risk profiles had high levels of homelessness, victimization, and poor functioning and an overrepresentation of multiracial, Native, and Hispanic/Latino students, and students with LGBT identities. Interventions to prevent, identify, and respond to youth homelessness should address sources of marginalization and adversity.
我们估算了高中生无家可归的普遍程度,并采用变量和以人为本的方法研究了无家可归、人口因素、受害经历和功能低下之间的关联。来自 2019 年青少年危险行为监测系统的匿名自我报告调查数据代表了美国 29 个地区的约 650 万名高中生。估计有 9.32% 的学生曾无家可归。路径分析发现,在考虑到受害情况和人口因素的情况下,无家可归与功能低下有关。潜类分析发现,风险最高的学生有较高的无家可归、受害和功能低下程度,而且多种族、原住民、西班牙裔/拉美裔学生以及具有女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和变性者身份的学生所占比例较高。预防、识别和应对青少年无家可归问题的干预措施应解决边缘化和逆境的根源。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding the Exiting and Re-Entering Experiences of Street-Based Prostitution Among Young Women in Gondar City, Ethiopia 了解埃塞俄比亚贡德尔市年轻女性退出和重返街头卖淫的经历
Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231222142
Robel Yohannes Yosef, Adugna Abebe Bihonegn
Although street-based prostitution is a rapidly growing social phenomenon in Ethiopian cities, there is little scholarly attention given to address the issue. This qualitative study aimed to understand the lived experiences of women who attempted to exit street prostitution in Gondar city. Thirteen study participants were chosen using the snowball sampling technique. In-depth interviews were used to gather qualitative data, which were then analyzed thematically. The study revealed formal support services, family support, spirituality, and saving money as important factors leading women to successfully exit from prostitution. However, some participants reported that structural problems, drug addiction, and societal attitudes led them to return to street prostitution. This study suggests that to help women successfully leave prostitution, interventions for exiting strategies should focus on economic strengthening activities as well as rehabilitation services including substance abuse treatment.
尽管街头卖淫是埃塞俄比亚城市中一种迅速发展的社会现象,但学术界对这一问题的关注却很少。这项定性研究旨在了解贡德尔市试图摆脱街头卖淫的妇女的生活经历。采用滚雪球抽样技术选出了 13 名研究参与者。通过深入访谈收集定性数据,然后对这些数据进行专题分析。研究结果表明,正规的支持服务、家庭支持、精神信仰和省钱是导致妇女成功摆脱卖淫的重要因素。然而,一些参与者报告说,结构性问题、吸毒成瘾和社会态度导致她们重返街头卖淫。这项研究表明,为了帮助妇女成功摆脱卖淫,退出战略的干预措施应侧重于加强经济活动以及包括药物滥用治疗在内的康复服务。
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引用次数: 0
Strengthening Relationships: Children’s Participation in a Family Group Approach to Family Violence 加强关系:儿童参与解决家庭暴力的家庭小组方法
Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231224837
J. Pennell, Kristen Basque, Ruth Najenson, Paul Nixon, Sharon Inglis
Family violence strains family relationships and cultural ties. A family group approach strengthens these relationships by centering the family, their relatives, and close supports in safeguarding all members. Risk-averse jurisdictions, however, may prohibit the practice, and workers may hesitate to invite the children. Such responses diminish the opportunity for adults to be inspired by the children to act and for children to gain participatory competence and pride in their family. To support the involvement of family, this article offers strategies shaped to local settings. Reaching into their extensive experience of family group conferences or circles in child welfare, the authors overview inclusive practices in four diverse places: Aotearoa New Zealand, United Kingdom, Mi’kmaq in Canada, and Israel.
家庭暴力破坏了家庭关系和文化纽带。家庭小组方法以家庭、亲属和亲密支持者为中心,保护所有成员,从而加强了这些关系。然而,规避风险的司法管辖区可能会禁止这种做法,工作人员也可能会犹豫是否邀请儿童参加。这样的反应会减少成人从儿童那里获得行动灵感的机会,也会减少儿童获得参与能力和对家庭的自豪感的机会。为了支持家庭的参与,本文提出了适合当地情况的策略。作者结合自己在儿童福利家庭小组会议或圈子方面的丰富经验,概述了四个不同地方的包容性做法:新西兰奥特亚罗瓦、英国、加拿大米克马克和以色列。
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引用次数: 0
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Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services
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