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Acculturative Challenges and Opportunities Among Arab-Speaking MENA Refugees in the United States 美国境内讲阿拉伯语的中东和北非难民的文化适应挑战与机遇
Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1177/10443894241236885
S. Childress, Nibedita Shrestha, I. Seff, Aaron Hagedorn, Mary McKay, Lindsay Stark
The study identifies acculturative challenges and opportunities experienced by Arab-speaking MENA refugees in the United States. The research team conducted 24 semi-structured interviews with refugee parents (11 fathers and 13 mothers) in Arabic. The findings reveal two main categories: (a) acculturative challenges and (b) opportunities and hopes for a better future in the United States. Refugees described several acculturative challenges, including the language barrier, unrealized mental health issues, intimate partner violence (IPV), and the added struggle of COVID-19. Refugees faced several challenges, but their stressors were mitigated by their hope for a better future for their children. Findings suggest practitioners must introduce early interventions targeted at family conflict resolution in Arabic. Future research should explore culturally acceptable mental health interventions and gender-specific resources for IPV.
该研究确定了在美国的讲阿拉伯语的中东和北非难民所经历的文化适应挑战和机遇。研究小组用阿拉伯语对难民父母(11 位父亲和 13 位母亲)进行了 24 次半结构式访谈。研究结果显示了两大类:(a) 文化适应方面的挑战;(b) 在美国拥有美好未来的机遇和希望。难民们描述了几种文化适应方面的挑战,包括语言障碍、未实现的心理健康问题、亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)以及 COVID-19 带来的额外困扰。难民们面临着多种挑战,但他们对孩子美好未来的希望减轻了他们的压力。研究结果表明,从业人员必须尽早采取干预措施,用阿拉伯语解决家庭冲突。未来的研究应探索文化上可接受的心理健康干预措施和针对不同性别的 IPV 资源。
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引用次数: 0
The Relationship of Opioid Misuse and Suicidality Among Adolescents With Disabilities 残疾青少年滥用阿片类药物与自杀的关系
Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1177/10443894241229168
C. Marsack-Topolewski, Keith T. Chan
Adolescents experience higher risk for opioid misuse and suicide, and those with disabilities are disproportionately vulnerable to suicide risk. Using secondary data, this study presents findings on nonmedical prescription opioid use (NMPOU) and suicidality among adolescents with and without disabilities ( N = 10,676). Results indicated NMPOU was associated with higher odds for serious thoughts of suicide. Having a disability was associated with higher odds for having a plan for suicide and having a suicide attempt. Adolescents with disabilities who engaged in NMPOU had over 3 times the likelihood for serious thoughts of suicide. Social work services can be tailored for adolescents with disabilities within the context of the family unit to address the impact of the opioid epidemic using a disability-oriented framework.
青少年滥用阿片类药物和自杀的风险较高,而残疾青少年更容易面临自杀风险。本研究利用二手数据,介绍了非医疗处方阿片类药物使用(NMPOU)和残疾与非残疾青少年(N = 10,676)自杀倾向的调查结果。结果表明,非医用处方阿片类药物(NMPOU)与较高的严重自杀念头几率相关。有残疾的青少年有自杀计划和自杀未遂的几率更高。参与 NMPOU 的残疾青少年产生严重自杀念头的几率是正常青少年的 3 倍多。社会工作服务可以在家庭单元的背景下为残疾青少年量身定制,利用以残疾为导向的框架来应对阿片类药物流行的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Learning From Parents: Implementation of a Parent-Mediated Positive Behavior Support Program Targeting Challenging Behavior in Children With Autism 向家长学习:针对自闭症儿童的挑战性行为,实施以家长为主导的积极行为支持计划
Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1177/10443894241227619
Z. Mestari, M. Rivard, Catherine Mello
Challenging behaviors (CBs) are frequently observed in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and are known to have negative effects on parents’ stress and well-being, as well as on overall family quality of life. Research has shown that professional support such as the Prevent-Teach-Reinforce (PTR) program has the potential to alleviate those effects. Although several studies have empirically demonstrated this positive behavior support program in managing children’s CB, its implementation by community-based educators among parents of children with ASD has yet to be examined. This study assessed the facilitators and obstacles to this program’s implementation as perceived by 19 parents using interviews and questionnaires. Participants emphasized the significance of setting clear expectations, defining roles, and providing continuous feedback during the implementation process to promote their initiative and enhance their active participation. They recognized the difficulties of implementing the program within a family setting but emphasized the valuable presence of educators in the home, which improved their understanding of family dynamics. Parents valued effective and respectful support from educators, although some encountered disagreements during coaching sessions, highlighting the need for improved educator training with practical coaching and a greater recognition of the family’s perspective.
自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童经常会出现挑战行为(CBs),众所周知,挑战行为会对家长的压力和幸福感以及整个家庭的生活质量产生负面影响。研究表明,"预防-教育-强化"(PTR)计划等专业支持有可能减轻这些影响。虽然已有多项研究从经验上证明了这一积极行为支持计划在管理儿童 CB 方面的作用,但社区教育工作者在 ASD 儿童家长中实施该计划的情况还有待研究。本研究通过访谈和问卷调查的方式,评估了 19 位家长对该计划实施的促进因素和障碍的看法。参与者强调了在实施过程中设定明确的期望、界定角色和提供持续反馈的重要性,以促进他们的主动性并加强他们的积极参与。他们认识到在家庭环境中实施计划的困难,但也强调了教育工作者在家庭中的宝贵存在,这增进了他们对家庭动态的了解。家长们重视教育工作者提供的有效和相互尊重的支持,尽管有些家长在辅导过程中出现了意见分歧,这凸显出教育工作者需要加强培训,提供实用的辅导,并更加重视家庭的观点。
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引用次数: 0
Comparing Caregiving Outcomes Among Male and Female Parents of Autistic Adults 比较自闭症成人的男性和女性父母的护理结果
Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1177/10443894241233328
C. Marsack-Topolewski, Jacqueline M. McGinley
This study compared aging male and female parents of autistic adults to determine if self-reported caregiver health, quality of life, caregiver burden, informal social support, and formal social support differ between the two groups. Fifty-seven female caregivers and 57 male caregivers were selected using data from a larger study. T-tests for independent samples compared dependent variables between female and male parents. Statistically significant differences were found on four dependent variables, self-reported health, quality of life, overall caregiver burden, and emotional burden. Male parents had better self-reported health, greater quality of life, and less emotional burden, while female parents experienced greater overall caregiver burden. Social workers and other professionals should be cognizant of differences experienced by aging caregivers when providing tailored support and services.
本研究对自闭症成人的老年男性和女性父母进行了比较,以确定两组父母在自我报告的照顾者健康状况、生活质量、照顾者负担、非正式社会支持和正式社会支持方面是否存在差异。研究人员从一项更大规模的研究中选取了 57 名女性照顾者和 57 名男性照顾者。通过独立样本 T 检验比较了女性和男性父母的因变量。在四个因变量上,即自我报告的健康状况、生活质量、整体照顾者负担和情感负担上,发现了具有统计学意义的差异。男性父母自我报告的健康状况更好、生活质量更高、情绪负担更轻,而女性父母的整体护理负担更重。社会工作者和其他专业人员在提供量身定制的支持和服务时,应认识到老年照顾者所经历的差异。
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引用次数: 0
Examining the Factors Affecting Parental Supervision in Cyberbullying Prevention: Demographics, Parental Mediation, and Digital Parenting Awareness 研究影响预防网络欺凌中家长监督的因素:人口统计学、家长调解和数字家教意识
Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231225793
Aykut Durak, H. Durak, Mustafa Saritepeci, Bülent Dilmaç
This study aimed to determine the current situation regarding cyberbullying and parental supervision and the relationship between positive parental involvement and various variables. Data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results revealed a relationship between parental supervision in cyberbullying prevention (PSCP) and digital parenting awareness, active mediation, content-specific restrictive interventions, and supervision. In elementary schools, co-use and content-specific restrictions are statistically significant predictors of parental supervision. In contrast, active mediation and parental role were statistically significant predictors for middle- and high-school students. Moreover, the effect of digital parenting awareness on supervision was statistically significant for both groups. For parents under 45 years of age, content-focused restrictions and digital parenting awareness were effective, whereas no effect was observed in those aged 45 years or above. Active mediation was effective in both age groups.
本研究旨在确定网络欺凌和家长监督的现状,以及家长的积极参与与各种变量之间的关系。数据采用偏最小二乘结构方程模型(PLS-SEM)进行分析。结果显示,预防网络欺凌中的家长监督(PSCP)与数字养育意识、积极调解、针对特定内容的限制性干预和监督之间存在关系。在小学,共同使用和针对特定内容的限制措施在统计学上对家长监督有显著的预测作用。相比之下,积极调解和家长角色对初中生和高中生的预测在统计学上有显著意义。此外,数字育儿意识对两组学生家长监督的影响均有统计学意义。对于 45 岁以下的家长,以内容为重点的限制和数字育儿意识是有效的,而对于 45 岁或以上的家长则没有效果。积极调解对两个年龄组都有效。
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引用次数: 0
Transgender and Gender-Diverse Child and Parent Close Relationships 跨性别和不同性别儿童与父母的亲密关系
Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1177/10443894241229151
Tee R. Tyler, B. Huddleston, Henry W. Kronner, Emily T. Calloway, Kimberly G. Martin, Amber L. Morgan, René Aguilar, Sydney A. Wheeler, Farren A. Barnett, C. Kohring, C. Spaeth, Kendall G. Abbott, Mackenzie Preston, Taylor N. Barton, Morgan H. Thornton, Valeria Munoz, Dimia E. Dean
Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) children are impacted by their relationships with their parents. Parental influence can positively and/or negatively influence TGD children’s well-being. The purpose of this study is to: (a) summarize qualitative research addressing parent–TGD child relationships and (b) share these results with mental health professionals and researchers working to enhance the well-being of TGD children. We employed a qualitative metasummary to review qualitative research with findings about relationships between parents and their TGD children, with data from TGD children. We focused on parent and TGD child relationships after their initial disclosure/discovery conversations. Data collection resulted in 27 articles. Data analysis yielded three themes: parent and child together, child-specific experiences, and parent-specific experiences. This report concludes with practice implications for mental health professionals.
变性和性别多元化(TGD)儿童受到他们与父母关系的影响。父母的影响会对 TGD 儿童的福祉产生积极和/或消极的影响。本研究的目的是:(a) 总结有关父母与 TGD 儿童关系的定性研究;(b) 与致力于提高 TGD 儿童幸福感的心理健康专业人员和研究人员分享这些成果。我们采用了定性元摘要的方法来回顾定性研究中有关父母与他们的 TGD 儿童之间关系的研究结果,其中包括来自 TGD 儿童的数据。我们重点研究了父母与 TGD 儿童在初次披露/发现对话之后的关系。我们收集了 27 篇文章的数据。数据分析产生了三个主题:父母与子女的关系、子女的具体经历和父母的具体经历。本报告最后提出了对心理健康专业人员的实践启示。
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引用次数: 0
Building Healthy Relationships to End Violence: Introduction to the Special Issue 建立健康关系,结束暴力:特刊简介
Pub Date : 2024-04-06 DOI: 10.1177/10443894241240365
Megan R. Holmes, Richard P. Barth, Samuel R. Aymer
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引用次数: 0
Determinants of Family Support Among People Living With HIV Seeking Care in a Tertiary Hospital in Lagos State, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study 尼日利亚拉各斯州一家三甲医院中寻求护理的 HIV 感染者获得家庭支持的决定因素:横断面研究
Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231216306
Solomon Idowu, O. Badru, Anthony Idowu, Adebola Ajayi, Oyetola Idowu
Family support, as an aspect of social life, is crucial for individuals, including people living with HIV (PLWH). This study assessed the prevalence and determinants of family support among PLWH in Nigeria and tested the consequences of HIV disclosure. It adopted a cross-sectional study design, using systematic random sampling to select 404 PLWH. Most respondents were female (mean age: 42.65 [12.74] years). Strong family support was prevalent at 67.6%. Family support was positively correlated with disclosure of HIV status and social quality of life, while negatively correlated with adherence and independent quality of life. Our findings support the consequences theory of HIV disclosure. It implies that family members of PLWH must provide more support to improve their quality of life.
家庭支持作为社会生活的一个方面,对包括艾滋病毒感染者在内的个人至关重要。本研究评估了尼日利亚艾滋病毒感染者中家庭支持的普遍程度和决定因素,并测试了披露艾滋病毒的后果。研究采用了横断面研究设计,通过系统随机抽样的方式选取了 404 名艾滋病毒感染者。大多数受访者为女性(平均年龄:42.65 [12.74] 岁)。家庭的大力支持占 67.6%。家庭支持与 HIV 感染状况的公开和社会生活质量呈正相关,而与坚持治疗和独立生活质量呈负相关。我们的研究结果支持艾滋病毒披露的后果理论。这意味着 PLWH 的家庭成员必须提供更多的支持,以提高他们的生活质量。
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引用次数: 0
“We’re Not Miracle Workers”: An Examination of the Relationship Between Community Violence Intervention Workers and Their Participants "我们不是创造奇迹的人":研究社区暴力干预工作者与参与者之间的关系
Pub Date : 2024-02-10 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231222586
Kathryn Bocanegra, Nathan Aguilar
Community violence intervention (CVI) programs are civilian-led, locally oriented efforts that center around street intervention work, which involves proactive community engagement of individuals at high risk of violent victimization or perpetration. CVI professionals are peer support workers who use their experiential wisdom to mediate violent conflict and prevent victimization through engaging high-risk individuals in social services. The study comprehensively examines the relationship between CVI workers, their clients, and challenges associated with their outreach and engagement via qualitative interviews conducted among 35 CVI workers and their supervisors in Chicago. Thematic analyses identified the challenges experienced by the workforce as “work as mission,” “tethered healing,” “tethered harm,” and “falling back.” The results also lend support to firearm violence reduction potential of this professional field.
社区暴力干预计划(CVI)是由平民领导的、面向地方的工作,以街头干预工作为中心,其中包括积极主动地让社区参与到暴力受害或犯罪高风险人群的工作中。CVI 专业人员是同伴支持工作者,他们利用自己的经验智慧调解暴力冲突,并通过让高危人群参与社会服务来防止受害。本研究通过对芝加哥 35 名社区维权工作者及其主管进行定性访谈,全面研究了社区维权工作者、其客户之间的关系,以及他们在外联和参与过程中遇到的挑战。主题分析确定了工作人员所经历的 "工作即使命"、"被束缚的治疗"、"被束缚的伤害 "和 "退缩 "等挑战。研究结果还为这一专业领域减少枪支暴力的潜力提供了支持。
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引用次数: 0
“We’re Not Miracle Workers”: An Examination of the Relationship Between Community Violence Intervention Workers and Their Participants "我们不是创造奇迹的人":研究社区暴力干预工作者与参与者之间的关系
Pub Date : 2024-02-10 DOI: 10.1177/10443894231222586
Kathryn Bocanegra, Nathan Aguilar
Community violence intervention (CVI) programs are civilian-led, locally oriented efforts that center around street intervention work, which involves proactive community engagement of individuals at high risk of violent victimization or perpetration. CVI professionals are peer support workers who use their experiential wisdom to mediate violent conflict and prevent victimization through engaging high-risk individuals in social services. The study comprehensively examines the relationship between CVI workers, their clients, and challenges associated with their outreach and engagement via qualitative interviews conducted among 35 CVI workers and their supervisors in Chicago. Thematic analyses identified the challenges experienced by the workforce as “work as mission,” “tethered healing,” “tethered harm,” and “falling back.” The results also lend support to firearm violence reduction potential of this professional field.
社区暴力干预计划(CVI)是由平民领导的、面向地方的工作,以街头干预工作为中心,其中包括积极主动地让社区参与到暴力受害或犯罪高风险人群的工作中。CVI 专业人员是同伴支持工作者,他们利用自己的经验智慧调解暴力冲突,并通过让高危人群参与社会服务来防止受害。本研究通过对芝加哥 35 名社区维权工作者及其主管进行定性访谈,全面研究了社区维权工作者、其客户之间的关系,以及他们在外联和参与过程中遇到的挑战。主题分析确定了工作人员所经历的 "工作即使命"、"被束缚的治疗"、"被束缚的伤害 "和 "退缩 "等挑战。研究结果还为这一专业领域减少枪支暴力的潜力提供了支持。
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引用次数: 0
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Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services
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