Pub Date : 2024-04-16DOI: 10.31577/filozofia.2024.79.4.5
V. Gluchman
In the introduction, the author deals with the current state of the academic profession and the existing forms of academic ethics, based on which he defines a broad and narrow sense of academic ethics. Subsequently, he focuses on the narrow sense, i.e., the professional ethics of academics. He formulates a philosophy of academic ethics embodied in the ethics of academic work and the ethics of academic work relationships, which he considers interconnected spheres and the key for the successful functioning of the academic profession. The ethics of academic work should be based on good academic work in research, publishing, and teaching.
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Pub Date : 2024-04-16DOI: 10.31577/filozofia.2024.79.4.2
Gustavo Adolfo Esparza Urzúa
The aim of this paper is to study Cassirer’s philosophy of the body, and some of its foundations developed in the report entitled “Pathology of Symbolic Consciousness.” It details how patients with cerebral aphasia and apraxia are characterized by a loss of symboliza-tion abilities in the performance of operational tasks, as well as in their linguistic performance, which translates into a decrease in the ability to create cultural meaning. These cases allow one to evaluate the definition of the human being as a “symbolic animal” that is presented in An Essay on Man . An interpretative reading of both works is proposed to underline the role of the body in the development of (a) the symbolic formation process and (b) cultural development.
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Pub Date : 2024-04-16DOI: 10.31577/filozofia.2024.79.4.7
Petr Prášek
Art or at least what is called “eco art” or “environmental art” knows numerous ways in which to respond to environmental issues and become ecological. This article is not an analysis of art history, which would map the various tendencies or themes within eco art, but a philosophical study attempting to describe the most profound sense in which art literally is nature: according to French phenomenologist Henri Maldiney, art is a “flash of being” ( éclair de l’être ) or, more precisely, a flash or glimpse of sensually experienced nature. The article attempts to clarify this thesis thoroughly and then briefly traces the link between eco art and eco-phenomenology, a branch of environmental ethics.
艺术，或者至少是所谓的 "生态艺术 "或 "环境艺术"，有许多应对环境问题和实现生态化的方法。这篇文章并不是对艺术史进行分析，从而勾勒出生态艺术中的各种倾向或主题，而是一项哲学研究，试图描述艺术在字面上就是自然的最深刻意义：根据法国现象学家亨利-马尔迪内（Henri Maldiney）的观点，艺术是 "存在的闪光"（éclair de l'être），或者更准确地说，是感官体验到的自然的闪光或一瞥。本文试图彻底澄清这一论点，然后简要追溯生态艺术与生态现象学（环境伦理学的一个分支）之间的联系。
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Pub Date : 2024-04-16DOI: 10.31577/filozofia.2024.79.4.6
S. A. Altinörs
The philosophy of language is a field that covers all kinds of philosophical reflections on language since Antiquity. In addition to the philosophy of language, there is a much newer branch of philosophy called “philosophy of linguistics.” Just like the philosophy of history, philosophy of biology, etc., the philosophy of linguistics focuses on the structure of linguistics by taking a specific science as its subject. It presents meta-theoretical information by trying to explain the underlying foundations of linguistic theories. In the first part of this article, we review the noteworthy theoretical attempts to ground the philosophy of linguistics. In the second part of the article, we briefly describe Ricoeur’s and Itkonen’s attempts at the philosophy of linguistics in response to the question of “how does the philosophy of linguistics work in practice?” Thus, we have tried to provide two concrete examples for the philosophy of linguistics: the first one concerning the 20 th century, and the second, the 21 th century. We found that both of them – albeit for different reasons – showed a consensus in putting Saussure, the founding father of linguistics, in the firing line. Whether the emergence of the philosophy of linguistics damaged the legitimacy of the traditional philosophy of language is discussed in the concluding section of our article .
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Pub Date : 2024-04-16DOI: 10.31577/filozofia.2024.79.4.4
Chryssi Sidiropoulou
Ιn this paper, I compare the two conceptions of the “lawgiver” in the Platonic dialogue Cratylus . I present both the idea that words constitute imitations of things (resemblance naturalism) and the claim that names are tools which “separate” and “teach” being (the tool analogy). Then I examine the respective figures of the lawgiver ( nomothetes ) appearing in each of them. These are the lawgiver of the tool analogy (one who makes names on the model of a craftsman producing tools), and that of the lawgiver who introduces names constituting phonetic imitations of things. I argue that with respect to name giving, the former is in a much better position than the latter, and that mimetic naturalism faces the insuperable “paradox of institution.” My main claim is that, read in conjunction with the tool analogy, the notion of ἒθος introduced in 434e, offers a helpful framework for successfully overcoming the challenge of establishing the first names. Furthermore, the adoption of this perspective by Socrates allows him to navigate a complex position. This is a position that steers clear of both Cratylus’s “resemblance naturalism” and Hermogenes’s unadulterated conventionalism.
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Pub Date : 2024-04-16DOI: 10.31577/filozofia.2024.79.4.1
William Desmond
In discussing truth in Being and Time Heidegger speaks of this as always involving a robbery ( ein Raub ). This is a revealing word but not noted by commentators. Is it an incidental metaphor not to be taken too seriously? Or does it help us focus on something of the informing orientation to being and truth marking the Heidegger of Being and Time ? This reflection offers thoughts on Alētheia in light of the meaning of theft. Significantly, the later Heidegger witnesses an ontological attunement entirely other to that of a robber who steals what is not his own. This attunement is closer to one of being graced or gifted by being rather than stealing secrets from the hiddenness of being. What terms do we need to make sense of theft and gift; how do we turn from, get from, theft to gift? How get from Polemos to Gelassenheit ? Does Heidegger leave us in the dark on this great question?
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Pub Date : 2024-04-16DOI: 10.31577/filozofia.2024.79.4.3
Gloria Luque Moya
The concept of living in harmony with the cosmos is difficult to grasp and has become misunderstood and misinterpreted in the Western tradition. However, it offers fruitful contributions to contemporary discourse by establishing a dialogue with Dewey’s notion of aesthetic experience. For Dewey, as for Confucius, the world does not have an established order but must be achieved through the creation of new patterns or modes of interaction. Using a comparative methodology, this article analyzes the Deweyan and Confucian conceptions of nature and the relationship between human beings and the environment defended by both authors. This approach, which combines Dewey’s philosophy and Confucius’ thought, can contribute to our current world, a time of spiritual and natural crisis .
{"title":"Living in Harmony with the Cosmos: A Comparative Study between Confucianism and John Dewey","authors":"Gloria Luque Moya","doi":"10.31577/filozofia.2024.79.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/filozofia.2024.79.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of living in harmony with the cosmos is difficult to grasp and has become misunderstood and misinterpreted in the Western tradition. However, it offers fruitful contributions to contemporary discourse by establishing a dialogue with Dewey’s notion of aesthetic experience. For Dewey, as for Confucius, the world does not have an established order but must be achieved through the creation of new patterns or modes of interaction. Using a comparative methodology, this article analyzes the Deweyan and Confucian conceptions of nature and the relationship between human beings and the environment defended by both authors. This approach, which combines Dewey’s philosophy and Confucius’ thought, can contribute to our current world, a time of spiritual and natural crisis .","PeriodicalId":502748,"journal":{"name":"Filozofia","volume":"112 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140695277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.31577/filozofia.2024.79.3.3
Vojtěch Linka
{"title":"Řekni mi, kde to bolí, a já ti řeknu, jaký jsi člověk: funkce bolesti v klasické řecké filosofii a lékařství","authors":"Vojtěch Linka","doi":"10.31577/filozofia.2024.79.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/filozofia.2024.79.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":502748,"journal":{"name":"Filozofia","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140244973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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