Heidi Guyer, Heather Ringeisen, Jill Dever, Dan Liao, Andy Peytchev, Christine Carr, Paul Geiger, Leyla Stambaugh, Tim Smith, Lisa Dixon, Mark Olfson, Michael First, Scott Stroup, Lydia Chwastiak, Maria Monroe-Devita, Jeff Swanson, Marvin Swartz, Ronald C. Kessler, Robert Gibbons, Natalie Bareis, Elizabeth Sinclair Hancq, Thomas Clarke, Mark Edlund, the MDPS Consortium
Objective
The Mental and Substance Use Disorders Prevalence Study (MDPS) builds upon previous epidemiologic studies to provide estimates of prevalence and treatment rates of mental and substance use disorders among adults aged 18–65 in the U.S. The study background and methods are described.
Method
The MDPS employed novel techniques such as the inclusion of household, prison, homeless and state psychiatric hospital populations, a semi-structured clinical interview administered by trained clinical interviewers to assess disorders, the assessment of both past year and lifetime schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) using full Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 5 criteria, as well as other mental and substance use disorders, and video-based interviewing. Population specific and combined sample weights were developed to estimate nationally representative prevalence and treatment rates.
Results
Data collection was conducted between October 2020 and October 2022 resulting in 5679 clinical interviews. The statistical weighting and analytic plan are described. Weighted response rates and reasons for non-response are provided for each study population.
Conclusions
The MDPS successfully developed and employed novel techniques to estimate the prevalence and treatment rates of mental and substance use disorders in both household and non-household populations, including some of the most impairing disorders such as SSD.
{"title":"Mental and Substance Use Disorders Prevalence Study: Background and Methods","authors":"Heidi Guyer, Heather Ringeisen, Jill Dever, Dan Liao, Andy Peytchev, Christine Carr, Paul Geiger, Leyla Stambaugh, Tim Smith, Lisa Dixon, Mark Olfson, Michael First, Scott Stroup, Lydia Chwastiak, Maria Monroe-Devita, Jeff Swanson, Marvin Swartz, Ronald C. Kessler, Robert Gibbons, Natalie Bareis, Elizabeth Sinclair Hancq, Thomas Clarke, Mark Edlund, the MDPS Consortium","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.2000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Mental and Substance Use Disorders Prevalence Study (MDPS) builds upon previous epidemiologic studies to provide estimates of prevalence and treatment rates of mental and substance use disorders among adults aged 18–65 in the U.S. The study background and methods are described.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The MDPS employed novel techniques such as the inclusion of household, prison, homeless and state psychiatric hospital populations, a semi-structured clinical interview administered by trained clinical interviewers to assess disorders, the assessment of both past year and lifetime schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) using full Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 5 criteria, as well as other mental and substance use disorders, and video-based interviewing. Population specific and combined sample weights were developed to estimate nationally representative prevalence and treatment rates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data collection was conducted between October 2020 and October 2022 resulting in 5679 clinical interviews. The statistical weighting and analytic plan are described. Weighted response rates and reasons for non-response are provided for each study population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The MDPS successfully developed and employed novel techniques to estimate the prevalence and treatment rates of mental and substance use disorders in both household and non-household populations, including some of the most impairing disorders such as SSD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.2000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139550453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicole Baumann, Peter J. Anderson, Samantha Johnson, Neil Marlow, Dieter Wolke, Julia Jaekel
Objectives
Retrospective harmonisation of data obtained through different instruments creates measurement error, even if the underlying concepts are assumed the same. We tested a novel method for item-level data harmonisation of two widely used instruments that measure emotional and behavioural problems: the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).
Methods
Item content of the CBCL and SDQ was mapped onto four dimensions: emotional problems, peer relationship problems, hyperactivity/inattention and conduct problems. A diverse test sample was drawn from four prospective longitudinal birth cohort studies in Australia and Europe who used one or both instruments. The pooled sample included 5188 data points assessing children and adolescents aged 6–13 years (N = 257–704 participants per cohort). Measurement invariance was assessed using latent variable multi-group confirmatory factor analysis.
Results
Fifteen items from the CBCL and SDQ were mapped onto four dimensions allowing for measurement invariance testing as part of a stepwise process. Partial strict invariance between CBCL and SDQ assessments was established for all four dimensions.
Conclusions
The harmonised dimensions of emotional, peer relationship, hyperactivity/inattention and conduct problems are invariant across the CBCL and SDQ suggesting that these dimensions can be reliably compared with limited measurement error.
{"title":"Harmonisation of assessments of attention, social, emotional, and behaviour problems using the Child Behavior Checklist and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire","authors":"Nicole Baumann, Peter J. Anderson, Samantha Johnson, Neil Marlow, Dieter Wolke, Julia Jaekel","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.2001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective harmonisation of data obtained through different instruments creates measurement error, even if the underlying concepts are assumed the same. We tested a novel method for item-level data harmonisation of two widely used instruments that measure emotional and behavioural problems: the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Item content of the CBCL and SDQ was mapped onto four dimensions: emotional problems, peer relationship problems, hyperactivity/inattention and conduct problems. A diverse test sample was drawn from four prospective longitudinal birth cohort studies in Australia and Europe who used one or both instruments. The pooled sample included 5188 data points assessing children and adolescents aged 6–13 years (<i>N</i> = 257–704 participants per cohort). Measurement invariance was assessed using latent variable multi-group confirmatory factor analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifteen items from the CBCL and SDQ were mapped onto four dimensions allowing for measurement invariance testing as part of a stepwise process. Partial strict invariance between CBCL and SDQ assessments was established for all four dimensions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The harmonised dimensions of emotional, peer relationship, hyperactivity/inattention and conduct problems are invariant across the CBCL and SDQ suggesting that these dimensions can be reliably compared with limited measurement error.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.2001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139435184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ymkje Anna de Vries, Jordi Alonso, Somnath Chatterji, Peter de Jonge, Joran Lokkerbol, John J. McGrath, Maria V. Petukhova, Nancy A. Sampson, Erik Sverdrup, Daniel V. Vigo, Stefan Wager, Ali Al-Hamzawi, Guilherme Borges, Ronny Bruffaerts, Brendan Bunting, Stephanie Chardoul, Elie G. Karam, Andrzej Kiejna, Viviane Kovess-Masfety, Fernando Navarro-Mateu, Akin Ojagbemi, Marina Piazza, José Posada-Villa, Carmen Sasu, Kate M. Scott, Hisateru Tachimori, Margreet Ten Have, Yolanda Torres, Maria Carmen Viana, Manuel Zamparini, Zahari Zarkov, Ronald C. Kessler, World Mental Health Survey Collaborators
Objective
The standard method of generating disorder-specific disability scores has lay raters make rankings between pairs of disorders based on brief disorder vignettes. This method introduces bias due to differential rater knowledge of disorders and inability to disentangle the disability due to disorders from the disability due to comorbidities.
Methods
We propose an alternative, data-driven, method of generating disorder-specific disability scores that assesses disorders in a sample of individuals either from population medical registry data or population survey self-reports and uses Generalized Random Forests (GRF) to predict global (rather than disorder-specific) disability assessed by clinician ratings or by survey respondent self-reports. This method also provides a principled basis for studying patterns and predictors of heterogeneity in disorder-specific disability. We illustrate this method by analyzing data for 16 disorders assessed in the World Mental Health Surveys (n = 53,645).
Results
Adjustments for comorbidity decreased estimates of disorder-specific disability substantially. Estimates were generally somewhat higher with GRF than conventional multivariable regression models. Heterogeneity was nonsignificant.
Conclusions
The results show clearly that the proposed approach is practical, and that adjustment is needed for comorbidities to obtain accurate estimates of disorder-specific disability. Expansion to a wider range of disorders would likely find more evidence for heterogeneity.
{"title":"Proof-of-concept of a data-driven approach to estimate the associations of comorbid mental and physical disorders with global health-related disability","authors":"Ymkje Anna de Vries, Jordi Alonso, Somnath Chatterji, Peter de Jonge, Joran Lokkerbol, John J. McGrath, Maria V. Petukhova, Nancy A. Sampson, Erik Sverdrup, Daniel V. Vigo, Stefan Wager, Ali Al-Hamzawi, Guilherme Borges, Ronny Bruffaerts, Brendan Bunting, Stephanie Chardoul, Elie G. Karam, Andrzej Kiejna, Viviane Kovess-Masfety, Fernando Navarro-Mateu, Akin Ojagbemi, Marina Piazza, José Posada-Villa, Carmen Sasu, Kate M. Scott, Hisateru Tachimori, Margreet Ten Have, Yolanda Torres, Maria Carmen Viana, Manuel Zamparini, Zahari Zarkov, Ronald C. Kessler, World Mental Health Survey Collaborators","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2003","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.2003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The standard method of generating disorder-specific disability scores has lay raters make rankings between pairs of disorders based on brief disorder vignettes. This method introduces bias due to differential rater knowledge of disorders and inability to disentangle the disability due to disorders from the disability due to comorbidities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We propose an alternative, data-driven, method of generating disorder-specific disability scores that assesses disorders in a sample of individuals either from population medical registry data or population survey self-reports and uses Generalized Random Forests (GRF) to predict global (rather than disorder-specific) disability assessed by clinician ratings or by survey respondent self-reports. This method also provides a principled basis for studying patterns and predictors of heterogeneity in disorder-specific disability. We illustrate this method by analyzing data for 16 disorders assessed in the World Mental Health Surveys (<i>n</i> = 53,645).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adjustments for comorbidity decreased estimates of disorder-specific disability substantially. Estimates were generally somewhat higher with GRF than conventional multivariable regression models. Heterogeneity was nonsignificant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results show clearly that the proposed approach is practical, and that adjustment is needed for comorbidities to obtain accurate estimates of disorder-specific disability. Expansion to a wider range of disorders would likely find more evidence for heterogeneity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.2003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139064949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the newly developed Diagnostic Interview for Sexual DysfunctionsinWomen (DISEX-F), which covers diagnostic criteria of DSM-5 and ICD-11.
Methods
Thirty-two actresses portrayed 32 cases of female sexual dysfunctions (= standardized patients). To calculate inter-rater reliability, each standardized patient was interviewed independently by two trained diagnosticians using the DISEX-F. Interviews were videotaped, and each videotape was evaluated by two other independent diagnosticians. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated by comparing the assigned diagnoses to the target diagnoses pre-determined in the case vignettes. As a side criterion, the acceptance of the DISEX-F among diagnosticians was assessed.
Results
Specificity was found to be generally clinically satisfying (DSM-5: 0.90–0.99; ICD-11: 0.95–0.99), while sensitivity (DSM-5: 0.40–0.92; ICD-11: 0.71–0.96) and inter-rater reliability (DSM-5: Cohen's kappa = 0.44–1; ICD-11: Cohen's kappa = 0.75–0.94) greatly varied between classification systems and disorders. Imprecise acting and false differential diagnostic decisions were identified as major sources of mismatch. The acceptance of the DISEX-F was high.
Conclusion
Results encourage usage of the DISEX-F for ICD-11 diagnoses. Mixed results were found for DSM-5 diagnoses, which can partly be explained by shortcomings in DSM-5 criteria.
{"title":"The Diagnostic Interview for Sexual Dysfunctions in Women for DSM-5 and ICD-11: Development and initial validation using a vignette-based approach","authors":"Rebekka Schwesig, Julia Velten, Jürgen Hoyer","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2004","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.2004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the newly developed <i>Diagnostic Interview for Sexual Dysfunctions</i> <i>in</i> <i>Women</i> (DISEX-F), which covers diagnostic criteria of DSM-5 and ICD-11.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-two actresses portrayed 32 cases of female sexual dysfunctions (= standardized patients). To calculate inter-rater reliability, each standardized patient was interviewed independently by two trained diagnosticians using the DISEX-F. Interviews were videotaped, and each videotape was evaluated by two other independent diagnosticians. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated by comparing the assigned diagnoses to the target diagnoses pre-determined in the case vignettes. As a side criterion, the acceptance of the DISEX-F among diagnosticians was assessed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Specificity was found to be generally clinically satisfying (DSM-5: 0.90–0.99; ICD-11: 0.95–0.99), while sensitivity (DSM-5: 0.40–0.92; ICD-11: 0.71–0.96) and inter-rater reliability (DSM-5: Cohen's kappa = 0.44–1; ICD-11: Cohen's kappa = 0.75–0.94) greatly varied between classification systems and disorders. Imprecise acting and false differential diagnostic decisions were identified as major sources of mismatch. The acceptance of the DISEX-F was high.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results encourage usage of the DISEX-F for ICD-11 diagnoses. Mixed results were found for DSM-5 diagnoses, which can partly be explained by shortcomings in DSM-5 criteria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.2004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139064839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Early interventions for autistic children should target their quality of life (QoL) but require adapted measures. The association of a child's temperament and parental characteristics with the QoL of autistic children remains unknown.
Methods
We constructed an autism module based on a thematic analysis, a Delphi survey with experts, and a pre-test with parents to be completed alongside the proxy version of the PedsQL 4.0. We explored compliance, responsiveness, internal consistency, convergent validity, and factor structure with 157 parents of autistic preschool children. We examined the association between child and parental characteristics with the QoL of autistic children using correlation analysis, principal component analysis, hierarchical ascending classification, and linear regression. Sociodemographic information was collected via multiple choice questions, autism severity via Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) scores, and parental acceptance and child's temperament via the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire and the Emotionality, Activity, and Sociability.
Results
An autism module comprised of 27 items emerged. Psychometric evaluation resulted in a 24-item autism module with good internal consistency and significant convergent validity. ADOS total score was not significantly related to QoL, contrary to children's sleep issues, children's emotionality, and parental acceptance.
Conclusions
The autism module is a reliable QoL proxy measure for autistic preschool children. Results suggest parental interventions targeting children's QoL.
简介对自闭症儿童的早期干预应以他们的生活质量（QoL）为目标，但需要采取相应的措施。儿童的性情和父母的特征与自闭症儿童生活质量的关系尚不清楚：我们在主题分析、德尔菲专家调查和家长预测试的基础上构建了一个自闭症模块，该模块将与代理版 PedsQL 4.0 一起完成。我们对 157 名自闭症学龄前儿童的家长进行了问卷调查，探讨了问卷的符合性、响应性、内部一致性、收敛有效性和因子结构。我们采用相关分析、主成分分析、分层递增分类和线性回归等方法研究了儿童和家长特征与自闭症儿童 QoL 之间的关联。社会人口学信息通过多项选择题收集，自闭症严重程度通过自闭症诊断观察表（ADOS）得分收集，父母接受度和儿童气质通过接受度和行动问卷以及情感、活动和社交能力问卷收集：结果：自闭症模块由 27 个项目组成。心理测量学评估结果显示，自闭症模块由 24 个项目组成，具有良好的内部一致性和显著的收敛效度。ADOS 总分与 QoL 的关系不大，与儿童的睡眠问题、儿童的情绪性和父母的接受度相反：自闭症模块是自闭症学龄前儿童QoL的可靠替代测量指标。结论：自闭症模块是一种可靠的学龄前自闭症儿童 QoL 替代测量方法，其结果表明父母应针对儿童的 QoL 采取干预措施。
{"title":"Development, psychometric evaluation, and factor analysis of an instrument measuring quality of life in autistic preschoolers","authors":"Jérôme Lichtlé, Emmanuel Devouche, Isaora Zefania Dialahy, Aude de Gaulmyn, Anouck Amestoy, Romain Coutelle, Pascale Isnard, Jean-Louis Monestès, Laurent Mottron, Emilie Cappe","doi":"10.1002/mpr.2002","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.2002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early interventions for autistic children should target their quality of life (QoL) but require adapted measures. The association of a child's temperament and parental characteristics with the QoL of autistic children remains unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We constructed an autism module based on a thematic analysis, a Delphi survey with experts, and a pre-test with parents to be completed alongside the proxy version of the PedsQL 4.0. We explored compliance, responsiveness, internal consistency, convergent validity, and factor structure with 157 parents of autistic preschool children. We examined the association between child and parental characteristics with the QoL of autistic children using correlation analysis, principal component analysis, hierarchical ascending classification, and linear regression. Sociodemographic information was collected via multiple choice questions, autism severity via Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) scores, and parental acceptance and child's temperament via the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire and the Emotionality, Activity, and Sociability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An autism module comprised of 27 items emerged. Psychometric evaluation resulted in a 24-item autism module with good internal consistency and significant convergent validity. ADOS total score was not significantly related to QoL, contrary to children's sleep issues, children's emotionality, and parental acceptance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The autism module is a reliable QoL proxy measure for autistic preschool children. Results suggest parental interventions targeting children's QoL.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10804264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138832807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria Panagiotidi, Orestis Zavlis, Myles Jones, Tom Stafford
Objective
To employ a novel analytic method—namely, exploratory graph analysis (EGA)—to subclinical attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) trait scores in order to reveal their dimensional structure, as well as compare EGA's performance with traditional factor-analytic techniques in doing so.
Method
1149 respondents from a survey panel completed the ASRS, a common ADHD scale made up of 18 distinct trait measures. EGA and factor analysis were applied to identify traits which associate with each other.
Results
EGA revealed 3 distinct communities, and ruled out a 2-community structure. This was in contrast to the 2-factor structure suggested by the factor analysis, and the conventional division of ADHD into two subdimensions (hyperactivity and inattention).
Conclusion
A dimensional structure of three clusters (hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention) may better reflect the traits underlying ADHD. EGA has benefits in terms of both analytic approach and interpretability of findings.
{"title":"The three-dimensional community structure of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) traits captured by the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale: An exploratory graph analysis","authors":"Maria Panagiotidi, Orestis Zavlis, Myles Jones, Tom Stafford","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1997","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1997","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To employ a novel analytic method—namely, exploratory graph analysis (EGA)—to subclinical attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) trait scores in order to reveal their dimensional structure, as well as compare EGA's performance with traditional factor-analytic techniques in doing so.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>1149 respondents from a survey panel completed the ASRS, a common ADHD scale made up of 18 distinct trait measures. EGA and factor analysis were applied to identify traits which associate with each other.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>EGA revealed 3 distinct communities, and ruled out a 2-community structure. This was in contrast to the 2-factor structure suggested by the factor analysis, and the conventional division of ADHD into two subdimensions (hyperactivity and inattention).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A dimensional structure of three clusters (hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention) may better reflect the traits underlying ADHD. EGA has benefits in terms of both analytic approach and interpretability of findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10804265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138446891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robert Czernecka, Theresa Wirkus, Gerhard Bühringer, Anja Kräplin
Objective
This study protocol describes the RIGAB study, a prospective case-control-study assessing online sports betting behaviour and underlying risk factors for the development of gambling disorder (GD). It has two aims: (1) to characterise sports bettors concerning putative risk factors and their gambling behaviour, and (2) to predict the development of GD from these factors.
Methods
At baseline, online sports bettors took part in an online survey comprising a GD screening (DSM-5), questions on gambling behaviour and on the putative risk factors emotion regulation, impulsivity, comorbidities, stress, and substance use. Participants were reinvited for a 1-year follow-up online survey. In a nested design, a subsample was invited in-person to take part in a cognitive-behavioural task battery and a clinical interview.
Results
Of the initial 6568 online sports bettors invited, 607 participated at baseline (rate: 9.2%), 325 took part in the 1-year follow-up and 54 participated in the nested in-person assessment.
Conclusion
The RIGAB study combines different fields of GD studies: player tracking data and putative risk factors from self-report and behavioural tasks. The results of this study will support the development of preventive measures for participants of online gambling based on the combined findings from previously rather distinct research fields.
{"title":"Characteristics and prediction of risky gambling behaviour study: A study protocol","authors":"Robert Czernecka, Theresa Wirkus, Gerhard Bühringer, Anja Kräplin","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1995","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1995","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study protocol describes the RIGAB study, a prospective case-control-study assessing online sports betting behaviour and underlying risk factors for the development of gambling disorder (GD). It has two aims: (1) to characterise sports bettors concerning putative risk factors and their gambling behaviour, and (2) to predict the development of GD from these factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At baseline, online sports bettors took part in an online survey comprising a GD screening (DSM-5), questions on gambling behaviour and on the putative risk factors emotion regulation, impulsivity, comorbidities, stress, and substance use. Participants were reinvited for a 1-year follow-up online survey. In a nested design, a subsample was invited in-person to take part in a cognitive-behavioural task battery and a clinical interview.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the initial 6568 online sports bettors invited, 607 participated at baseline (rate: 9.2%), 325 took part in the 1-year follow-up and 54 participated in the nested in-person assessment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The RIGAB study combines different fields of GD studies: player tracking data and putative risk factors from self-report and behavioural tasks. The results of this study will support the development of preventive measures for participants of online gambling based on the combined findings from previously rather distinct research fields.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10804259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71488263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<p>This Special Issue of International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research highlights developmental perspectives on irritability and related dimensions of psychopathology. The issue's papers (Alam et al., <span>2023</span>; Hirsch et al., <span>2023</span>; Kirk et al., <span>2023</span>; Wakschlag et al., <span>2023</span>; Wigg et al., <span>2023</span>; Wiggins et al., <span>2023a</span>, <span>2023b</span>) extend a solid foundation of research to target questions on pediatric emotional problems and applications of dimensional methods. As such, the papers are fresh and novel while steeped in an important prior history. Papers demonstrate improvements in measurement during the first 5 years of life (Hirsch et al., <span>2023</span>; Wakschlag et al., <span>2023</span>; Wiggins et al., <span>2023a</span>, <span>2023b</span>) through adolescence (Alam et al., <span>2023</span>; Kirk et al., <span>2023</span>; Wakschlag et al., <span>2023</span>), important areas in need of advancement.</p><p>Infancy and preschool are particularly important years in the life of a child. This reflects, at least partly, research findings suggesting that the seeds of later psychopathology germinate during this developmental period. The Special Issue highlights how some forms of psychopathology first manifest with symptoms of irritability, representing expressions of excessive anger and frustration during blocked goal attainment (Alam et al., <span>2023</span>; Hirsch et al., <span>2023</span>; Wiggins, Ureña Rosario, Zhang, et al., <span>2023</span>). However, irritability can represent normative expressions of emotions. Given the breadth of normative behavior that rapidly changes in the first 5 years, clinicians face difficulty in young children separating extreme but normal variation in irritability from clinically significant symptoms in this domain. The first Special Issue paper (Wigg et al., <span>2023</span>) reviews themes targeted in the other papers, and this Commentary broadly highlights three related major issues: (i) the nature of developmental risk; (ii) measurement challenges in young children, and (iii) relations between early irritability and later psychopathology.</p><p>Special Issue papers focus heavily on the Multidimensional Assessment Profile Scales, Temper Loss scale (MAPS-Temper Loss) (Kirk et al., <span>2023</span>; Wakschlag et al., <span>2023</span>; Wiggins, Ureña Rosario, MacNeill, et al., <span>2023</span>). This measure quantifies levels of irritability expressed by children, now extended from age 1 year through adolescence. However, the MAPS-Temper Loss measure arises from a broader series of assessment tools that quantify other aspects of early life psychopathology. This includes low concern for others and aggression. Moreover, other measures in young children quantify aspects of neurodevelopment and learning, based on children's performance on standardized tests. Thus, multiple domains of psychopathology can be quantified in y
本期《国际精神病学研究方法杂志》特刊强调了易怒和精神病理学相关维度的发展观点。本期论文(Alam et al.， 2023;Hirsch et al.， 2023;Kirk et al.， 2023;Wakschlag et al.， 2023;Wigg et al.， 2023;Wiggins et al.， 2023a, 2023b)为针对儿童情绪问题和维度方法的应用扩展了坚实的研究基础。因此，这些论文既新鲜又新颖，同时又沉浸在一段重要的历史中。论文展示了在生命的前5年测量方面的改进(Hirsch等人，2023;Wakschlag et al.， 2023;Wiggins et al.， 2023a, 2023b)到青春期(Alam et al.， 2023;Kirk et al.， 2023;Wakschlag等人，2023)，需要推进的重要领域。婴儿期和学龄前是孩子一生中特别重要的时期。这至少在一定程度上反映了研究结果，表明后来的精神病理学的种子在这一发育时期发芽。特刊强调了某些形式的精神病理学首先表现为易怒的症状，代表了在实现目标受阻时过度愤怒和沮丧的表达(Alam等人，2023;Hirsch et al.， 2023;Wiggins, Ureña Rosario, Zhang等，2023)。然而，易怒可以代表情绪的规范表达。考虑到规范行为在前5年迅速变化的广度，临床医生在区分幼儿在这一领域的极端但正常的易怒变化和临床显著症状方面面临困难。第一篇特刊论文(Wigg et al.， 2023)回顾了其他论文的主题，这篇评论广泛地强调了三个相关的主要问题:(i)发育风险的性质;(ii)幼儿的测量挑战，以及(iii)早期易怒与后期精神病理之间的关系。特刊论文重点关注多维评估概况量表，脾气损失量表(maps -脾气损失)(Kirk等人，2023;Wakschlag et al.， 2023;Wiggins, Ureña Rosario, MacNeill等人，2023)。这个指标量化了儿童的易怒程度，现在从1岁延伸到青春期。然而，MAPS-Temper Loss测量源自一系列更广泛的评估工具，这些工具量化了早期生活精神病理学的其他方面。这包括不关心他人和好斗。此外，还有一些针对幼儿的测量方法，是根据儿童在标准化测试中的表现，对神经发育和学习的各个方面进行量化的。因此，幼儿的精神病理的多个领域可以量化，通常使用独特的测量方法为每个领域。通过认识到与早期精神病理学特定领域相关的风险的独特性质，可以更充分地理解特刊上论文的贡献。特刊关注易怒(Alam等人，2023;Hirsch et al.， 2023;Kirk et al.， 2023;Wiggins, Ureña Rosario, MacNeill, et al.， 2023);在这个症状领域，病理学代表了许多儿童表现出的极端行为表达。因此，大多数幼儿在他们一生中的不同时期表现出易怒;这个年龄段的易怒只有在超过这些标准表达时才是病态的。焦虑也表现出类似的模式，这在幼儿中也很常见。病理性焦虑涉及一种行为的过度水平，这种行为在许多情况下被认为是规范的。特刊报道了过去方法的扩展，以表征幼儿发展背景下焦虑和抑郁行为的维度谱(Alam等人，2023;Kirk et al.， 2023;Wakschlag et al.， 2023)。正如特刊论文的作者在其他研究中指出的那样，这种易怒和焦虑的模式与其他领域的模式不同。例如，虽然易怒和焦虑的表现经常发生在健康的幼儿身上，但表现出对他人的关注程度较低，这是MAPS量表的另一个方面，在这一年龄组中要少得多。几乎没有孩子表现出低关怀的行为，然而许多孩子表现出易怒。因此，任何水平的低关注行为的存在都可以表明精神病理，而不像易怒，只有在发展意想不到的情况下，高水平的行为才是病理的。例如，虽然大多数幼儿都有发脾气的经历，但据报道，每天有这种经历的不到10% (Hirsch等人，2023;Wiggins, Ureña Rosario, MacNeill等人，2023)。最后，与易怒或低关注不同，还有其他形式的病理表现为未能表现出在特定发育阶段通常出现的行为。 例如，儿童通常在相对精确的时间窗口内表达语言、运动控制和学习能力的特征。当这些特征在典型的时间窗之外出现时，临床医生认为存在神经发育障碍。不同领域的对比结果说明了幼儿精神病理学涉及的不同表达。在某些领域，如易怒以及许多焦虑和抑郁行为，问题表现为极端水平的行为，这些行为在年轻时可能被认为是正常的。在这方面，一篇特刊论文展示了针对不同年龄的儿童(从幼儿期到青春期)的特定年龄措施的附加价值;这些好处通常是理论化的，但很少有经验证明。在其他领域，某些行为的存在，即使是低水平的，也可以定义为病理，而其他行为的缺失可以支持同样的结论。每篇特刊论文都强调了研究早期生活精神病理学的科学家所面临的测量挑战。这些挑战来自许多因素。这包括需要利用多信息提供者评估，幼儿描述心理状态的能力有限，以及这一年龄组的快速发展。特刊论文为试图解决许多领域的测量挑战的科学家提供了一个路线图。因此，论文描述了项目反应理论(IRT)的方法，帮助科学家应对这些挑战(Alam等人，2023;Kirk et al.， 2023;Wakschlag et al.， 2023)。通过对潜在特质的表达进行维度建模，IRT提高了问卷的效率，减轻了患者的整体负担。此外，在其他工作中，为特刊提供论文的团队将从IRT到儿童行为观察的措施联系起来，这些措施暴露于引起精神病理学表达的诊所情境中。这将对问卷的答复与卫生保健专业人员的评分联系起来。最后，特刊上的论文依赖于在发育的多个阶段对儿童行为的密集抽样。这提供了特定年龄的规范，赋予精神病理学的动态视角。通过如此密集的抽样，相对于特定年龄的标准，易怒水平被视为病态。这个领域很大程度上要归功于特刊论文的贡献。很少有研究领域提供了比测量特性研究更重要的工具。此外，特别重要的工具产生于将复杂性和严谨性与创造性结合起来产生新工具的测量方法。特刊论文提供了关于有效地将测量扩展到幼儿期的方法类型的力作，这些论文通过展示测量的潜在效用来展示这些劳动的成果。虽然新特刊的许多方面可以满足好奇的读者，但Wiggins及其同事(Wiggins et al.， 2023a, 2023b)以及Hirsch及其同事(Hirsch et al.， 2023)的论文提供了特别有趣的数据。这些论文的重要性源于他们的前瞻性，纵向方法的使用。从20世纪到21世纪的研究都强调了精神病理学发展视角的重要性。这一时期的研究跟踪了许多儿童的青春期，同时提供了一系列的精神病理学评估。这项工作建立了在儿童、青少年和成年期间表达的精神病理之间存在很强的关系。这项工作倾向于强调精神病理学的表达，首先表现在学龄期。这通常反映了该年龄组可接受的心理测量方法的可用性，而这些方法在较早的年龄通常是不可用的。随着特刊的出版，更多的证据被添加到积累的一系列发现中，这些发现将先前的工作扩展到更早(到1岁)和更晚(到17岁)。就像早期对老年青年的研究一样，特刊论文在这些发育时期展示了可接受的心理测量学(Kirk et al.， 2023)。特
{"title":"Commentary on the special issue: Leveraging measurement to refine developmental perspectives on psychopathology","authors":"Daniel S. Pine","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1996","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1996","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This Special Issue of International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research highlights developmental perspectives on irritability and related dimensions of psychopathology. The issue's papers (Alam et al., <span>2023</span>; Hirsch et al., <span>2023</span>; Kirk et al., <span>2023</span>; Wakschlag et al., <span>2023</span>; Wigg et al., <span>2023</span>; Wiggins et al., <span>2023a</span>, <span>2023b</span>) extend a solid foundation of research to target questions on pediatric emotional problems and applications of dimensional methods. As such, the papers are fresh and novel while steeped in an important prior history. Papers demonstrate improvements in measurement during the first 5 years of life (Hirsch et al., <span>2023</span>; Wakschlag et al., <span>2023</span>; Wiggins et al., <span>2023a</span>, <span>2023b</span>) through adolescence (Alam et al., <span>2023</span>; Kirk et al., <span>2023</span>; Wakschlag et al., <span>2023</span>), important areas in need of advancement.</p><p>Infancy and preschool are particularly important years in the life of a child. This reflects, at least partly, research findings suggesting that the seeds of later psychopathology germinate during this developmental period. The Special Issue highlights how some forms of psychopathology first manifest with symptoms of irritability, representing expressions of excessive anger and frustration during blocked goal attainment (Alam et al., <span>2023</span>; Hirsch et al., <span>2023</span>; Wiggins, Ureña Rosario, Zhang, et al., <span>2023</span>). However, irritability can represent normative expressions of emotions. Given the breadth of normative behavior that rapidly changes in the first 5 years, clinicians face difficulty in young children separating extreme but normal variation in irritability from clinically significant symptoms in this domain. The first Special Issue paper (Wigg et al., <span>2023</span>) reviews themes targeted in the other papers, and this Commentary broadly highlights three related major issues: (i) the nature of developmental risk; (ii) measurement challenges in young children, and (iii) relations between early irritability and later psychopathology.</p><p>Special Issue papers focus heavily on the Multidimensional Assessment Profile Scales, Temper Loss scale (MAPS-Temper Loss) (Kirk et al., <span>2023</span>; Wakschlag et al., <span>2023</span>; Wiggins, Ureña Rosario, MacNeill, et al., <span>2023</span>). This measure quantifies levels of irritability expressed by children, now extended from age 1 year through adolescence. However, the MAPS-Temper Loss measure arises from a broader series of assessment tools that quantify other aspects of early life psychopathology. This includes low concern for others and aggression. Moreover, other measures in young children quantify aspects of neurodevelopment and learning, based on children's performance on standardized tests. Thus, multiple domains of psychopathology can be quantified in y","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.1996","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71428634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Johanna Löchner, Stephanie Hämmerle, Sarah Ghezih, Kornelija Starman-Wöhrle, Gerd Schulte-Körne, Belinda Platt
Background
Parental depression increases children's risk of mental illness and may simultaneously impair the detection of children's symptoms. Here we investigate the nature of parent-child agreement of children's psychopathology in children of parents with current (cMD) versus remitted (rMD) major depression.
Methods
Baseline data from 100 parent-child dyads including healthy children aged 8–17 (M = 11.89, SD = 2.83) and their parents with a history of depression were analysed. The presence of sub-clinical psychopathology (yes/no) in children was assessed using semi-structured diagnostic interviews with child and parent (K-DIPS). Self- (YSR) and parent-report (CBCL) questionnaires were used to measure the severity of symptoms. Parent-child agreement was calculated using Chi-square tests and Cohen's kappa respectively. We compared whether agreement differed between children of parents with cMD (n = 52) versus rMD (n = 48).
Results
In the interviews parents more frequently reported sub-clinical child psychopathology than the children themselves (χ21,100 = 4.63, p < 0.001, d = 0.59). This pattern characterised parents with cMD (χ21,52 = 7.99, p = 0.005; κ = 0.582) but not rMD (χ21,48 = 000, p = 0.686; κ = −0.010), a difference which was statistically significant (z = 3.14, p < 0.001, d = 0.66).
Conclusion
Since agreement between parents and children about the severity of children's symptoms was particularly poor in families where parents were currently depressed, parental mental illness should be taken into account when assessing youth psychopathology.
{"title":"Parent-child agreement on children's psychopathology and the impact of parental depression","authors":"Johanna Löchner, Stephanie Hämmerle, Sarah Ghezih, Kornelija Starman-Wöhrle, Gerd Schulte-Körne, Belinda Platt","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1993","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1993","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Parental depression increases children's risk of mental illness and may simultaneously impair the detection of children's symptoms. Here we investigate the nature of parent-child agreement of children's psychopathology in children of parents with current (cMD) versus remitted (rMD) major depression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Baseline data from 100 parent-child dyads including healthy children aged 8–17 (<i>M</i> = 11.89, <i>SD</i> = 2.83) and their parents with a history of depression were analysed. The presence of sub-clinical psychopathology (yes/no) in children was assessed using semi-structured diagnostic interviews with child and parent (K-DIPS). Self- (YSR) and parent-report (CBCL) questionnaires were used to measure the severity of symptoms. Parent-child agreement was calculated using Chi-square tests and Cohen's kappa respectively. We compared whether agreement differed between children of parents with cMD (<i>n</i> = 52) versus rMD (<i>n</i> = 48).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the interviews parents more frequently reported sub-clinical child psychopathology than the children themselves (<i>χ</i><sup>2</sup> <sub>1,100</sub> = 4.63, <i>p</i> < 0.001, <i>d</i> = 0.59). This pattern characterised parents with cMD (<i>χ</i><sup>2</sup> <sub>1,52</sub> = 7.99, <i>p</i> = 0.005; <i>κ</i> = 0.582) but not rMD (<i>χ</i><sup>2</sup> <sub>1,48</sub> = 000, <i>p</i> = 0.686; <i>κ</i> = −0.010), a difference which was statistically significant (<i>z</i> = 3.14, <i>p</i> < 0.001, <i>d</i> = 0.66).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Since agreement between parents and children about the severity of children's symptoms was particularly poor in families where parents were currently depressed, parental mental illness should be taken into account when assessing youth psychopathology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10804260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49693511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lauren S. Wakschlag, Phillip Sherlock, Courtney K. Blackwell, James L. Burns, Sheila Krogh-Jespersen, Richard C. Gershon, David Cella, Kristin A. Buss, Joan L. Luby
Background
We expanded the Multidimensional Assessment Profiles (MAPS) Scales developmental specification model to characterize the normal:abnormal spectrum of internalizing (anxious and depressive) behaviors in early childhood via the MAPS-Internalizing (MAPS-INT) scale.
Methods
The MAPS-INT item pool was generated based on clinical expertise and prior research. Analyses were conducted on a sub-sample of families (n = 183) from the diverse When to Worry early childhood sample.
Results
Normal:abnormal descriptive patterns for both anxious and depressive behaviors were consistent with prior work: (1) extremes of normative variation are abnormal when very frequent; and (2) pathognomonic indicators that most children do not engage in and are abnormal, even if infrequent. Factor analysis revealed a two-factor MAPS-INT Anxious Behaviors structure (Fearful-Worried and Separation Distress) and a unidimensional MAPS-INT Depressive Behaviors factor with good fit and good-to-excellent test-retest reliability and validity.
Conclusions
We characterized the normal:abnormal spectrum of internalizing behaviors in early childhood via the MAPS-INT. Future research in larger representative samples can replicate and extend findings, including clinical thresholds and predictive utility. The MAPS-INT helps lay the groundwork for dimensional characterization of the internalizing spectrum to advance neurodevelopmental approaches to emergent psychopathology and its earlier identification.
{"title":"Modeling the normal:abnormal spectrum of early childhood internalizing behaviors: A clinical-developmental approach for the Multidimensional Assessment Profiles Internalizing Dimensions","authors":"Lauren S. Wakschlag, Phillip Sherlock, Courtney K. Blackwell, James L. Burns, Sheila Krogh-Jespersen, Richard C. Gershon, David Cella, Kristin A. Buss, Joan L. Luby","doi":"10.1002/mpr.1987","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mpr.1987","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We expanded the Multidimensional Assessment Profiles (MAPS) Scales developmental specification model to characterize the normal:abnormal spectrum of internalizing (anxious and depressive) behaviors in early childhood via the MAPS-Internalizing (MAPS-INT) scale.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The MAPS-INT item pool was generated based on clinical expertise and prior research. Analyses were conducted on a sub-sample of families (<i>n</i> = 183) from the diverse When to Worry early childhood sample.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Normal:abnormal descriptive patterns for both anxious and depressive behaviors were consistent with prior work: (1) extremes of normative variation are abnormal when very frequent; and (2) pathognomonic indicators that most children do not engage in and are abnormal, even if infrequent. Factor analysis revealed a two-factor MAPS-INT Anxious Behaviors structure (Fearful-Worried and Separation Distress) and a unidimensional MAPS-INT Depressive Behaviors factor with good fit and good-to-excellent test-retest reliability and validity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We characterized the normal:abnormal spectrum of internalizing behaviors in early childhood via the MAPS-INT. Future research in larger representative samples can replicate and extend findings, including clinical thresholds and predictive utility. The MAPS-INT helps lay the groundwork for dimensional characterization of the internalizing spectrum to advance neurodevelopmental approaches to emergent psychopathology and its earlier identification.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50310,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research","volume":"32 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mpr.1987","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41184060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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