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The p-type modulation of Bi2O2Se by Ca and Cd doping 掺杂 Ca 和 Cd 对 Bi2O2Se 的 p 型调制
Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad4f0e
Huiqin Cui, Shijiao Zheng, Zhiyi Zhang, Bo Chen, Yong-Jia Zhang, Jie Li, Juanfen Wang, Lin Xue, Longlong Zhang
Two-dimensional (2D) Bi2O2Se has been widely used as optoelectronic detectors due to its excellent carrier mobility and environmental stability. However, the synthesis of the p-type Bi2O2Se remains challenging which hinders its further applications. In this paper, we have investigated the electronic properties of the native point defects and the Ca/Cd-doping effects on Bi2O2Se using first-principles calculations. The results indicate that Se vacancy (VSe) and O vacancy (VO) are shallow donors, which lead to the n-type Bi2O2Se semiconductor. Ca substituting Bi (CaBi) and Cd substituting Bi (CdBi) are accepters and can compensate the n-type behavior of shallow donors. The compensation effect of CdBi is weaker than that of CaBi due to its higher formation energies. Additionally, the calculation results of the Fermi level, defect and carrier concentrations indicate that CaBi shifts the Fermi level towards the valence band maximum (VBM), however, it is not sufficient to convert Bi2O2Se into the p-type.
二维(2D)Bi2O2Se 具有出色的载流子迁移率和环境稳定性,已被广泛用作光电探测器。然而,p 型 Bi2O2Se 的合成仍然具有挑战性,这阻碍了它的进一步应用。在本文中,我们利用第一原理计算研究了 Bi2O2Se 上原生点缺陷的电子特性以及 Ca/Cd 掺杂效应。结果表明,Se 空位(VSe)和 O 空位(VO)是浅供体,它们导致了 n 型 Bi2O2Se 半导体。钙替代铋(CaBi)和镉替代铋(CdBi)是受体,可以补偿浅供体的 n 型行为。由于 CdBi 的形成能量较高,其补偿效应弱于 CaBi。此外,费米级、缺陷和载流子浓度的计算结果表明,CaBi 使费米级向价带最大值(VBM)移动,但这不足以将 Bi2O2Se 转变为 p 型。
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引用次数: 0
Perturbation theoretical approach to determine optomechanical entanglement in mirror-field systems 确定镜射系统中光机械纠缠的佯动理论方法
Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad4e63
S. Chiangga, T. Sunpatanon, T. Frank
An analytical method is developed that can be applied to a large variety of optomechanical systems to study entanglement between two subsystems of interest. The method is based on a system parameter that can be considered as perturbation parameter. It is shown that the method allows researchers to draw both qualitative and quantitative conclusions about the perturbation parameter at hand. First, the conclusion can be drawn whether or not the parameter when scaled up slightly induces entanglement between the subsystems. Second, physical insights into the role of model parameters for the emergence of entanglement can be obtained based on the perturbation theoretical analytical expressions. Third, quantitative predictions of numerical simulations that so far dominate the literature in the field of optomechanical entanglement can be validated at least in the limit of the vanishing perturbation parameter.
本文提出了一种分析方法,可应用于多种光学机械系统,以研究两个相关子系统之间的纠缠。该方法基于一个可视为扰动参数的系统参数。研究表明,该方法允许研究人员就手头的扰动参数得出定性和定量结论。首先,可以得出当该参数稍微放大时是否会诱发子系统之间的纠缠的结论。其次,根据扰动理论分析表达式,可以获得模型参数对纠缠出现的作用的物理启示。第三,至少在扰动参数消失的限度内,可以验证迄今为止在光机械纠缠领域占主导地位的数值模拟的定量预测。
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引用次数: 0
Bankruptcy mechanism based on accumulated payoff and age promotes cooperation in coevolutionary games 基于累积报酬和年龄的破产机制促进共同进化博弈中的合作
Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad4e61
Junbiao Lu, Liming Zhang, Haihong Li, Qionglin Dai, Junzhong Yang
When individuals or companies are unable to meet their financial obligations, they may undergo the process of bankruptcy and go out of business. At the same time, new companies may arise. In this work, we propose a coevolutionary game model incorporated with bankruptcy. In the model, each agent represents a company. Two factors, accumulated payoff and age, are taken into account to determine its bankrupt probability. We assume two possible bankrupt mechanisms, procedural bankruptcy and age-dependent bankruptcy. Through numerical simulations, we show that the bankruptcy can effectively promote cooperation. Moreover, we find the non-monotonic behavior of the cooperation level with the increase of noise intensity in procedural bankruptcy. By investigating the strategy patterns and the distributions of the bankruptcy probabilities for cooperators and defectors, we provide explanations for the promotion of cooperation and the optimization of the cooperation level. This work highlights the positive effects of bankruptcy mechanism on cooperation in the real business world.
当个人或公司无法履行其财务义务时,他们可能会经历破产过程,从而倒闭。与此同时,新的公司也可能出现。在这项工作中,我们提出了一个包含破产的共同进化博弈模型。在该模型中,每个代理代表一家公司。累积报酬和年龄这两个因素将决定其破产概率。我们假设了两种可能的破产机制,即程序性破产和年龄依赖性破产。通过数值模拟,我们发现破产能有效促进合作。此外,我们还发现在程序性破产中,随着噪声强度的增加,合作水平会出现非单调行为。通过研究合作者和叛逃者的策略模式和破产概率分布,我们为促进合作和优化合作水平提供了解释。这项工作凸显了破产机制在现实商业世界中对合作的积极影响。
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引用次数: 0
Spin-orbit torque driven domain wall motion in the absence of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions 在没有 Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya 相互作用的情况下,自旋轨道力矩驱动的畴壁运动
Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad4e62
A. Thiaville, J. Miltat
The fine structure and dynamics of magnetic domain walls in ultrathin films with perpendicular magnetization, in presence of a secondary anisotropy, is analysed owing to micro-magnetics. Two cases are considered, a cubic anisotropy typical for (111) oriented garnet epitaxial films, and an orthorhombic anisotropy as found in e.g. Co/W(110) films. The statics is solved first, showing that, in general, domain walls are not of the pure Bloch type. The dynamics under the spin Hall effect induced by a current flowing in an adjacent layer is then monitored. Finite and non-negligible domain wall velocities are predicted in both cases, in the absence of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions, with distinct behaviours regarding the current density and its orientation with respect to the secondary anisotropy axes. The relevance of these results to recent reports of current driven domain wall dynamics in insulating ultrathin garnet films, capped with platinum, is discussed.
本研究利用微磁学分析了垂直磁化超薄薄膜中磁畴壁的结构和动态,其中存在二次各向异性。研究考虑了两种情况,一种是 (111) 取向石榴石外延薄膜的典型立方各向异性,另一种是 Co/W(110) 薄膜的正交各向异性。首先求解的是静力学,结果表明,一般来说,畴壁不是纯布洛赫类型的。然后,在相邻层中流动的电流诱导下,对自旋霍尔效应下的动力学进行了监测。在这两种情况下,在没有 Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya 相互作用的情况下,都预测出了有限且不可忽略的畴壁速度,电流密度及其相对于次级各向异性轴的取向具有不同的行为。本文讨论了这些结果与最近关于绝缘超薄石榴石薄膜中电流驱动的畴壁动力学的相关性。
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引用次数: 0
Group consensus under asymmetric voting behavior 非对称投票行为下的群体共识
Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad4c92
Hao Yu, Zhehang Xu, Youjin Wen, Pingle Yang, Jianlin Zhang, Fanyuan Meng
In this study, we propose a group formation model by assuming voters hold asymmetric irrationality, namely the probability of accepting a candidate with whom they disagree with. Moreover, we utilize a non-Markovian function by introducing a rationality decay rate to represent that agents' rationality decays as their contributed admissions on the candidate increase. We have systematically explored the impact of non-Markovian asymmetric irrationality, voter selection mechanisms, voter number, and group size on the degree of consensus. Our findings indicate that, with only one voter, as the group size increases, the degree of consensus converges to a value determined by the irrationality ratio. Remarkably, even in scenarios with significant asymmetry in irrationality, a substantial degree of consensus can still be maintained. Furthermore, for multiple voters, the relationship between the degree of group consensus and rationality decay rate exhibits non-monotonic behaviors. In summary, this research offers new theoretical insights into group dynamics and provides implications for enhancing consensus in real-world social groups.
在本研究中,我们提出了一个群体形成模型,假定选民持有非对称非理性,即接受他们不同意的候选人的概率。此外,我们还利用非马尔可夫函数,引入了理性衰减率,以表示代理人的理性会随着其对候选人的贡献接纳率的增加而衰减。我们系统地探讨了非马尔可夫非对称非理性、选民选择机制、选民数量和群体规模对共识程度的影响。我们的研究结果表明,在只有一个投票人的情况下,随着小组规模的扩大,共识度会趋近于一个由非理性比率决定的值。值得注意的是,即使在非理性严重不对称的情况下,仍能保持相当程度的共识。此外,对于多个投票者,群体共识度与理性衰减率之间的关系表现出非单调行为。总之,这项研究为群体动力学提供了新的理论见解,并为增强现实社会群体中的共识提供了启示。
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引用次数: 0
Quantum entanglement between neutrino eigenstates in the presence of the subsequent phase shift of the neutrino oscillations 存在中微子振荡后续相移的中微子特征状态之间的量子纠缠
Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad4c04
Hoda Abdolalizadeh, E. Aydiner
In this study, using von Neumann entropy we examine the entanglement entropy for the neutrino oscillations in the presence of the subsequent phase shift. We numerically show that the entanglement entropy for the subsequent periods of the two-flavor neutrino oscillations increases asymmetrically with time depending on the space-time deformation. We also explored the obtained results for the three-flavor neutrino oscillations to show that this result is also valid for the three-flavor neutrino oscillations. These results, obtained for the first time in this study, are quite different from the computing for the standard neutrino oscillation theory. We concluded that these interesting results play an important role in the cosmology.
在这项研究中,我们利用冯-诺依曼熵检验了存在后续相移的中微子振荡的纠缠熵。我们的数值结果表明,两味中微子振荡的后续周期的纠缠熵随时间的增长不对称,这取决于时空变形。我们还探索了三味中微子振荡的结果,证明这一结果同样适用于三味中微子振荡。本研究首次获得的这些结果与标准中微子振荡理论的计算结果大相径庭。我们的结论是,这些有趣的结果在宇宙学中发挥着重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamics of the nonlinear optical second, and third harmonic generation in GaAs/Ga0.7Al0.3As quantum well due to hydrostatic pressure and temperature 静水压力和温度对 GaAs/Ga0.7Al0.3As 量子阱中非线性光学二次和三次谐波产生的动力学影响
Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad4c03
Xiaolong Yan, Xuechao Li, Yawen Cai
We studied the effects of hydrostatic pressure and temperature on the second and third harmonic generation (SHG and THG) of nonlinear optics semi-parabolic GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As quantum well. By solving the Schrödinger equation numerically, we can determine the system's subband energy levels and propagation wave functions, and then calculate its optical gain. The numerical simulation results show that both temperature and hydrostatic pressure can effectively improve the nonlinear optical performance of the system. As an interesting observation, we studied the mechanism of the two in this process. These findings highlight a feasible method to adjust the nonlinear optical performance of GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As quantum system through the subtle interaction between hydrostatic pressure, temperature and structural parameters.
我们研究了静水压力和温度对非线性光学半抛物面 GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As 量子阱的二次和三次谐波发生(SHG 和 THG)的影响。通过数值求解薛定谔方程,我们可以确定系统的子带能级和传播波函数,进而计算其光学增益。数值模拟结果表明,温度和静水压都能有效改善系统的非线性光学性能。作为一个有趣的观察结果,我们研究了二者在这一过程中的作用机制。这些发现强调了通过静水压、温度和结构参数之间的微妙相互作用来调节 GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As 量子系统非线性光学性能的可行方法。
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引用次数: 0
Spin-charged point particle in a non-abelian external field with the generalized uncertainty relation 非阿贝尔外场中的自旋带电点粒子与广义不确定性关系
Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad4b99
Léonie Dagoudo, F. A. Dossa, G. Y. Avossevou
The dynamics of a particle carrying a non-abelian charge is studied in the presence of a minimal length. By choosing an appropriate non-abelian gauge field, the system identifies with the Hamiltonian of the Jaynes Cummings model whose solutions can be determined algebraically. The model has an underlying graded Lie algebra symmetry reminiscent of supersymmetric quantum mechanics. We calculate the energy levels and associated eigenstates using conservation of the number of excitations of the system. Then, we present the effect of the minimal length on the dynamics of the system and we are particularly interested in two particular cases, that of Rabi oscillations and that of the collapse-revival of the wave function. The results show that the higher the deformation parameter, the faster the oscillatory behavior of the atomic inversion.
研究了携带非阿贝尔电荷的粒子在最小长度存在下的动力学。通过选择一个适当的非阿贝尔规量场,该系统与杰恩-卡明斯模型的哈密顿相一致,其解可以用代数方法确定。该模型的基本梯度李代数对称性让人联想到超对称量子力学。我们利用系统激发数守恒计算能级和相关特征状态。然后,我们介绍了最小长度对系统动力学的影响,并对拉比振荡和波函数坍缩-复兴这两种特殊情况特别感兴趣。结果表明,变形参数越高,原子反转的振荡行为越快。
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引用次数: 0
Thermoelectric transport and Rashba spin-splitting of black arsenic phosphorus under strain regulation 应变调节下黑砷磷的热电传输和拉什巴自旋分裂
Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad4ac0
Xiangke Li, Jinlong Luo, Hai Yang, Guojun Jin
The Rashba spin-splitting and thermoelectric transport of two-dimensional black arsenic phosphorus (2D B-AsP) under strain control are studied using non-equilibrium Green’s function and first principles calculations. Firstly, we determine the stability range of 2D B-AsP under strain conditions, with biaxial strain ranging from −2% to +5% and uniaxial strain ranging from −4% to +5%. Secondly, we analyze at the point Γ under strain within the range of −1% to +2%, and find the spin-splitting coefficient decreases with increasing strain. Thirdly, we discuss the effects of applying strain and changing temperature on 2D B-AsP thermoelectric transport. When the uniaxial compression strain is −4%, the ZT coefficient increases by 12.91%, and increases by 48.8% at a temperature of 400 K. Finally, when two external conditions exist simultaneously, the ZT coefficient of the material increases by 44.6%. The research results demonstrate the potential applications of 2D B-AsP in spintronics and thermoelectricity.
利用非平衡格林函数和第一性原理计算,研究了二维黑砷磷(2D B-AsP)在应变控制下的拉什巴自旋分裂和热电传输。首先,我们确定了二维黑砷磷在应变条件下的稳定性范围,双轴应变范围为 -2% 至 +5%,单轴应变范围为 -4% 至 +5%。其次,我们分析了应变在-1%到+2%范围内的Γ点,发现自旋分裂系数随着应变的增加而减小。第三,我们讨论了施加应变和改变温度对二维 B-AsP 热电传输的影响。当单轴压缩应变为 -4% 时,ZT 系数增加了 12.91%,而在温度为 400 K 时,ZT 系数增加了 48.8%。这些研究成果证明了二维 B-AsP 在自旋电子学和热电方面的潜在应用。
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引用次数: 0
Generation of near-circularly polarized high-order harmonics in two-color cross-linearly polarized laser fields 在双色交叉线性偏振激光场中产生近圆偏振高阶谐波
Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad4ac1
Zi-An Li, X. Huo, C. C. Cheng, Xue-Shen Liu
We investigate theoretically the ellipticity of the high-order harmonic generation from the molecule H+2 by utilizing two-color cross-linearly polarized laser fields. A significant region of the large ellipticity can be achieved by adjusting the crossing angle and the relative phase between the two laser fields. By controlling the short trajectory, we can obtain the smoother harmonic spectrum. The minimum value observed in the plateau region can be attributed to the two-center interference of the molecule. Furthermore, we investigate the contribution of the two-center interference to the ellipticity of HHG. The underlying physical mechanisms of the ellipticity can be demonstrated by the phase difference and amplitude difference of the x and y components of the harmonics. As a result, we synthesized an isolated attosecond pulse with an ellipticity of 0.98.
我们利用双色交叉线性偏振激光束从理论上研究了分子 H+2 产生的高阶谐波的椭圆度。通过调整两个激光束之间的交叉角和相对相位,可以获得显著的大椭圆度区域。通过控制短轨迹,我们可以获得更平滑的谐波频谱。在高原区观察到的最小值可归因于分子的双中心干涉。此外,我们还研究了双中心干涉对 HHG 椭圆性的贡献。椭圆性的基本物理机制可以通过谐波的 x 和 y 分量的相位差和振幅差来证明。因此,我们合成了一个椭圆度为 0.98 的孤立阿秒脉冲。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Europhysics Letters
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