Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad6699
Athira A, Chitra Shaji, Neeraj Ramachandran, Alok Sharan
We have observed and measured the optical anisotropy of graphene oxide (GO) in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) using Stokes-Mueller Polarimetry (SMP). We found that it depends on the films with varying weight percent of GO in PVA. Analysis of polarized light transmitted through the ordered microstructure of GO in PVA reveals the anisotropic behavior due to its preferential alignment. The complex refractive index analysis of GO-PVA films complements the results of SMP.
我们使用斯托克斯-穆勒极坐标法（SMP）观察并测量了聚乙烯醇（PVA）中氧化石墨烯（GO）的光学各向异性。我们发现，这取决于 PVA 中不同重量百分比的 GO 薄膜。对透过 PVA 中 GO 有序微结构的偏振光进行分析，可以发现由于其优先排列而产生的各向异性行为。GO-PVA 薄膜的复折射率分析补充了 SMP 的结果。
{"title":"Studies of anisotropic polarization in graphene oxide doped in PVA","authors":"Athira A, Chitra Shaji, Neeraj Ramachandran, Alok Sharan","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad6699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad6699","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We have observed and measured the optical anisotropy of graphene oxide (GO) in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) using Stokes-Mueller Polarimetry (SMP). We found that it depends on the films with varying weight percent of GO in PVA. Analysis of polarized light transmitted through the ordered microstructure of GO in PVA reveals the anisotropic behavior due to its preferential alignment. The complex refractive index analysis of GO-PVA films complements the results of SMP.","PeriodicalId":503429,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"117 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141811777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad669b
Meiling Tang, Zewei Yuan, Jingting Sun, Yan He, Di Ran, Ying Wang, Yusen Feng, Xinbo Zhou
In order to investigate the effect of nanocutting environment on the electronic structure of armchair-type graphene nanoribbons, this paper adopts a first-principle computational approach to study the effect of different substrates and solutions, such as on the motion of electrons in the middle and outer orbitals of graphene nanoribbons, by observing the energy band structure, the value of the band gap, and the density of the split-wave states. The results show that the adsorption of Si and C atoms at the edge of the nanoribbon leads to a decrease in the band gap value. The adsorption of Al and O atoms at the edges of graphene nanoribbons leads to a decrease in the nanoribbon band gap value to 0 eV. Different substrate atoms mainly affect the p-orbital electron motion in the nanobelt. Bare-edge graphene nanoribbons are indirect bandgap structures, and graphene nanoribbons with H, O and OH atoms adsorbed at the edges of the nanoribbons are direct bandgap structures. Edge O-isation leads to a nanobelt band gap of 0, which exhibits metallic properties. The edge H-isation nanoribbon band gap is higher than the bare edge nanoribbon band gap. Nanoribbon edge OH-isation reduces the nanoribbon band gap value. Nanoribbon edge adsorption of atoms in solution affects p-orbital electron motion. The formation energy of five-ring defects and seven-ring defects is low, and the defects are easier to form. The edges containing defects all reduce the band gap values of graphene nanoribbons. The defects mainly affect the p-orbital electron motion, leading to differences in the band gap values. The bandgap decreases with increasing nanobelt width, and the bandgap value conforms to 3N+2<3N<3N+1, with regular fluctuations in the curve with period 3. The larger the band gap, the smaller the curvature of the curve at the extremes, and the sparser the curve.
为了研究纳米切割环境对扶手椅型石墨烯纳米带电子结构的影响，本文采用第一性原理计算方法，通过观察能带结构、带隙值和分波态密度，研究了不同基底和溶液等对石墨烯纳米带中、外轨道电子运动的影响。结果表明，在纳米带边缘吸附 Si 原子和 C 原子会导致带隙值减小。在石墨烯纳米带边缘吸附 Al 原子和 O 原子会导致纳米带带隙值下降到 0 eV。不同的基底原子主要影响纳米带中 p 轨道电子的运动。裸边石墨烯纳米带是间接带隙结构，而在纳米带边缘吸附了 H、O 和 OH 原子的石墨烯纳米带是直接带隙结构。边缘 O-isation 导致纳米带带隙为 0，表现出金属特性。边缘 H-isation 纳米带的带隙高于裸边缘纳米带的带隙。纳米带边缘羟基化会降低纳米带的带隙值。纳米带边缘吸附溶液中的原子会影响 p 轨道电子的运动。五环缺陷和七环缺陷的形成能较低，缺陷更容易形成。含有缺陷的边缘都会降低石墨烯纳米带的带隙值。缺陷主要影响 p 轨道电子的运动，从而导致带隙值的不同。带隙随纳米带宽度的增加而减小，带隙值符合 3N+2<3N<3N+1 的规律，曲线有规律地波动，周期为 3。带隙越大，曲线两端的曲率越小，曲线越稀疏。
{"title":"Effects of nanocutting environments on the electronic structure of armchair-type graphene nanoribbons: the first-principles study","authors":"Meiling Tang, Zewei Yuan, Jingting Sun, Yan He, Di Ran, Ying Wang, Yusen Feng, Xinbo Zhou","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad669b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad669b","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In order to investigate the effect of nanocutting environment on the electronic structure of armchair-type graphene nanoribbons, this paper adopts a first-principle computational approach to study the effect of different substrates and solutions, such as on the motion of electrons in the middle and outer orbitals of graphene nanoribbons, by observing the energy band structure, the value of the band gap, and the density of the split-wave states. The results show that the adsorption of Si and C atoms at the edge of the nanoribbon leads to a decrease in the band gap value. The adsorption of Al and O atoms at the edges of graphene nanoribbons leads to a decrease in the nanoribbon band gap value to 0 eV. Different substrate atoms mainly affect the p-orbital electron motion in the nanobelt. Bare-edge graphene nanoribbons are indirect bandgap structures, and graphene nanoribbons with H, O and OH atoms adsorbed at the edges of the nanoribbons are direct bandgap structures. Edge O-isation leads to a nanobelt band gap of 0, which exhibits metallic properties. The edge H-isation nanoribbon band gap is higher than the bare edge nanoribbon band gap. Nanoribbon edge OH-isation reduces the nanoribbon band gap value. Nanoribbon edge adsorption of atoms in solution affects p-orbital electron motion. The formation energy of five-ring defects and seven-ring defects is low, and the defects are easier to form. The edges containing defects all reduce the band gap values of graphene nanoribbons. The defects mainly affect the p-orbital electron motion, leading to differences in the band gap values. The bandgap decreases with increasing nanobelt width, and the bandgap value conforms to 3N+2<3N<3N+1, with regular fluctuations in the curve with period 3. The larger the band gap, the smaller the curvature of the curve at the extremes, and the sparser the curve.","PeriodicalId":503429,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141811919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad669c
Zhi-Jie Liu, Xingran Fan, Jie Zhou, Mi Xie, Jing-Ling Chen
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering is a quantum nonlocality between entanglement and Bell’s nonlocality emphasizing the incompatibility of the local-hidden-state (LHS) model with quantum theory. It is well established that the EPR steering paradox is an essential method for determining steering, which reveals the nature of steering by logical contradiction. However, previous studies on the EPR steering paradox have only examined cases where the conditional states of the steered party are pure. In this work, we present the EPR steering paradox about the case when the conditional states of the steered party are mixed, which can be expressed as a paradoxical equality “2Q = (2 - δ)C” (0 < δ < 1) given by quantum (Q) and classical (C) theories. For any N-qubit state, in the two-setting steering protocol, the contradiction “2Q = (2 - δ)C” can be obtained if and only if a particular set of projective measurements of the steering party makes all the conditional states of the steered party pure, which also implies that the N-qubit state is steerable. Moreover, considering the conditional states of the steered party as mixed states, we are able to identify the full range of steerable states detectable through the EPR steering paradox method. This also means that, so far, one has found all the steerable states that can be recognized by the EPR steering paradox, which is significant for some typical quantum schemes such as quantum teleportation and quantum key distribution.
{"title":"EPR Steering Paradox “2_Q = (2 − δ)_C”","authors":"Zhi-Jie Liu, Xingran Fan, Jie Zhou, Mi Xie, Jing-Ling Chen","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad669c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad669c","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering is a quantum nonlocality between entanglement and Bell’s nonlocality emphasizing the incompatibility of the local-hidden-state (LHS) model with quantum theory. It is well established that the EPR steering paradox is an essential method for determining steering, which reveals the nature of steering by logical contradiction. However, previous studies on the EPR steering paradox have only examined cases where the conditional states of the steered party are pure. In this work, we present the EPR steering paradox about the case when the conditional states of the steered party are mixed, which can be expressed as a paradoxical equality “2Q = (2 - δ)C” (0 < δ < 1) given by quantum (Q) and classical (C) theories. For any N-qubit state, in the two-setting steering protocol, the contradiction “2Q = (2 - δ)C” can be obtained if and only if a particular set of projective measurements of the steering party makes all the conditional states of the steered party pure, which also implies that the N-qubit state is steerable. Moreover, considering the conditional states of the steered party as mixed states, we are able to identify the full range of steerable states detectable through the EPR steering paradox method. This also means that, so far, one has found all the steerable states that can be recognized by the EPR steering paradox, which is significant for some typical quantum schemes such as quantum teleportation and quantum key distribution.","PeriodicalId":503429,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"112 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141812087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-22DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad664e
Javier Meza-Arroyo, Jesús Valdés-Hernández, J. L. Domínguez-Juárez, R. Quintero-Torres
The size of the nanoparticles (NP) is one of the most important and essential characteristics to know the properties of the synthesized nanostructures. The most common characterization procedures are related to Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electronic Microscopy (TEM), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Unfortunately, from a practical point of view, they represent a time-consuming procedure and require expensive equipment, which limits its application to specialized research groups. Significant attention has been paid to Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) as a simple, fast, and reproducible method for sizing nanoparticles. However, inadequate representation of the fundamental principles of DLS and data interpretation represents two of the most important challenges related to this technique. In this work we try to provide the fundamental principles of the DLS technique, the fundamental mathematical treatment of data obtained during the optical scattering studies and provide the MATLAB code to configure non-commercial DLS equipment. Additionally, analyzes of nanoparticles obtained by pulsed laser ablation of Ag, Au, Si and W and commercial Au nanoparticles were carried out. The particle size results are compared with SEM images to calculate the percentage error of the DLS measurements. The results show an error of 5%, 3.8%, 2.1% for the Ag, Au and Si nanoparticles respectively, which proves to be an excellent approximation to the real values of nanoparticle diameter. Meanwhile, the error in size for W nanoparticles by the same technique and commercial Au nanoparticle is 29% and 12%, which shows the effect of the hydrodynamic diameter of the nanoparticles. This work ends with the analysis of the concentration of nanoparticles and its importance in reliable results of DLS measurements.
纳米粒子（NP）的尺寸是了解合成纳米结构特性的最重要、最基本的特征之一。最常见的表征程序与扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和原子力显微镜（AFM）有关。遗憾的是，从实用角度来看，这些方法耗时长，而且需要昂贵的设备，这就限制了其在专业研究小组中的应用。动态光散射（DLS）作为一种简单、快速、可重复的纳米粒子尺寸测定方法，受到了广泛关注。然而，对 DLS 基本原理和数据解释的表述不足是与该技术相关的两个最重要的挑战。在这项工作中，我们试图提供 DLS 技术的基本原理、光学散射研究期间所获数据的基本数学处理方法，并提供配置非商业 DLS 设备的 MATLAB 代码。此外，还对通过脉冲激光烧蚀获得的银、金、硅和瓦纳米颗粒以及商用金纳米颗粒进行了分析。将粒度结果与 SEM 图像进行比较，以计算 DLS 测量误差的百分比。结果显示，Ag、Au 和 Si 纳米粒子的误差分别为 5%、3.8% 和 2.1%，这证明它们非常接近纳米粒子直径的真实值。同时，用同样的技术测定的 W 纳米粒子和商用 Au 纳米粒子的尺寸误差分别为 29% 和 12%，这表明纳米粒子的流体力学直径会产生影响。本研究最后分析了纳米粒子的浓度及其对 DLS 测量可靠结果的重要性。
{"title":"DLS homemade setup: reviewing first and second-order coherence and autocorrelation concepts of a light source in the context of nanoparticle sizes synthesized by PLAL","authors":"Javier Meza-Arroyo, Jesús Valdés-Hernández, J. L. Domínguez-Juárez, R. Quintero-Torres","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad664e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad664e","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The size of the nanoparticles (NP) is one of the most important and essential characteristics to know the properties of the synthesized nanostructures. The most common characterization procedures are related to Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electronic Microscopy (TEM), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Unfortunately, from a practical point of view, they represent a time-consuming procedure and require expensive equipment, which limits its application to specialized research groups. Significant attention has been paid to Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) as a simple, fast, and reproducible method for sizing nanoparticles. However, inadequate representation of the fundamental principles of DLS and data interpretation represents two of the most important challenges related to this technique. In this work we try to provide the fundamental principles of the DLS technique, the fundamental mathematical treatment of data obtained during the optical scattering studies and provide the MATLAB code to configure non-commercial DLS equipment. Additionally, analyzes of nanoparticles obtained by pulsed laser ablation of Ag, Au, Si and W and commercial Au nanoparticles were carried out. The particle size results are compared with SEM images to calculate the percentage error of the DLS measurements. The results show an error of 5%, 3.8%, 2.1% for the Ag, Au and Si nanoparticles respectively, which proves to be an excellent approximation to the real values of nanoparticle diameter. Meanwhile, the error in size for W nanoparticles by the same technique and commercial Au nanoparticle is 29% and 12%, which shows the effect of the hydrodynamic diameter of the nanoparticles. This work ends with the analysis of the concentration of nanoparticles and its importance in reliable results of DLS measurements.","PeriodicalId":503429,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"36 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141815035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-22DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad6650
Anisur Rahaman, S. Aziz
We consider the f(R, T) theory of gravity, in which f(R, T) has a linear functional form where R is the Ricci scalar and T is the trace of the energy-momentum tensor. Next, we analyze the effect of T on the cosmological observable parameters, such as scalar spectral index and tensor-to-scalar ratio framing inflationary models with four distinct but well-known potentials. The potentials that have been used are Coleman-Weinberg potential, radiative potential, K¨ahler Moduli potential, and exponential SUSY potential. We observe that even the amendment of T fails to provide any fruitful impact to make the model framed with Coleman-Weinberg potential a viable phenomenological model. On the other hand, in the models framed with the other three potentials, the cosmological observable parameters agree appreciably more with the recent Planck predictions compared to the scenario where T is not taken into consideration.
我们考虑了 f（R，T）引力理论，其中 f（R，T）具有线性函数形式，R 是利玛窦标量，T 是能动张量的迹。接下来，我们分析了 T 对宇宙学可观测参数的影响，如标量谱指数和张量与标量比，并用四种不同但众所周知的势框定了暴胀模型。这四种势分别是科尔曼-温伯格势、辐射势、K¨ahler 模立势和指数 SUSY 势。我们观察到，即使修正 T 也无法使科尔曼-温伯格势模型成为一个可行的现象学模型。另一方面，与不考虑 T 的情况相比，在使用其他三种势的模型中，宇宙学观测参数与最近的普朗克预言更为一致。
{"title":"Analysis of f(R, T) Inflationary Models and Their Response to Planck Data","authors":"Anisur Rahaman, S. Aziz","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad6650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad6650","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We consider the f(R, T) theory of gravity, in which f(R, T) has a linear functional form where R is the Ricci scalar and T is the trace of the energy-momentum tensor. Next, we analyze the effect of T on the cosmological observable parameters, such as scalar spectral index and tensor-to-scalar ratio framing inflationary models with four distinct but well-known potentials. The potentials that have been used are Coleman-Weinberg potential, radiative potential, K¨ahler Moduli potential, and exponential SUSY potential. We observe that even the amendment of T fails to provide any fruitful impact to make the model framed with Coleman-Weinberg potential a viable phenomenological model. On the other hand, in the models framed with the other three potentials, the cosmological observable parameters agree appreciably more with the recent Planck predictions compared to the scenario where T is not taken into consideration.","PeriodicalId":503429,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"9 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141816461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-22DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad6642
F. Ali, Mustafa Kamal, Muhammad Faizan Ahmed, S. Zafar
The current work aims to scrutinize the bioconvection Sutterby nanofluid flow of the Cattaneo-Christov heat and mass flux over a rotating disk. The effects of thermophoresis and Brownian motion receive considerable consideration. The process of analyzing heat and mass transfer phenomena involves taking into account the impacts of thermal radiation and chemical reactions that are susceptible to convective boundary conditions. Firstly, we reduce the PDEs of the physical model to ODEs through alter transformation and then numerically solved the transformed ODEs using Keller Box technique. An analysis of numerical data follows to ascertain the role of numerous flow variables on the flow profiles. Based on the findings, it is evident that an increase in the fluid variable Δ and the porous variable K leads a decrease in the, radial F'(ζ), axial F(ζ) and tangential G(ζ) velocities. Furthermore, we find that the growing values of the thermal radiation Rd variable and the thermal Biot number B_T greatly aid in raising the fluid's temperature. Concentration profile shows decreasing behavior for rising values of Schmidt number Sc but upsurge for solutal Biot number B_C. The microorganism is decayed with greater Lewis number Lb and Peclet number Pe.
{"title":"Mixed convective magneto flow of nanofluid for the Sutterby fluid containing micro-sized selfpropelled microorganisms with chemical reaction: Keller Box Analysis","authors":"F. Ali, Mustafa Kamal, Muhammad Faizan Ahmed, S. Zafar","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad6642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad6642","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The current work aims to scrutinize the bioconvection Sutterby nanofluid flow of the Cattaneo-Christov heat and mass flux over a rotating disk. The effects of thermophoresis and Brownian motion receive considerable consideration. The process of analyzing heat and mass transfer phenomena involves taking into account the impacts of thermal radiation and chemical reactions that are susceptible to convective boundary conditions. Firstly, we reduce the PDEs of the physical model to ODEs through alter transformation and then numerically solved the transformed ODEs using Keller Box technique. An analysis of numerical data follows to ascertain the role of numerous flow variables on the flow profiles. Based on the findings, it is evident that an increase in the fluid variable Δ and the porous variable K leads a decrease in the, radial F'(ζ), axial F(ζ) and tangential G(ζ) velocities. Furthermore, we find that the growing values of the thermal radiation Rd variable and the thermal Biot number B_T greatly aid in raising the fluid's temperature. Concentration profile shows decreasing behavior for rising values of Schmidt number Sc but upsurge for solutal Biot number B_C. The microorganism is decayed with greater Lewis number Lb and Peclet number Pe.","PeriodicalId":503429,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"32 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141815242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-22DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad6648
Savita Kumari, Rakhi, Ajaz Hussain, Sarvesh Kumar Avinashi, R. K. Mishra, Shweta, Ajeet Singh, Bal Chandra Yadav, C. Gautam
Various attempts have been made to fabricate fly ash-doped clay composites via solid state reaction method. Additionally, to investigate the structural, mechanical, surface morphology, and CO2 gas sensing behavior, the fabricated clay composites were sintered at three different temperatures 1000, 1100, and 1200 °C (COF1, COF2, COF3) for 4 h. The green and sintered densities of the fabricated composites were found to be in the range of 2.17-2.13 g/cm3 and 1.38 to 1.30 g/cm3. Further, various characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, universal testing machine (UTM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) were carried out. Moreover, to determine the compressive strength and Young’s modulus values, a universal testing machine (UTM) was used. The fracture toughness of the fabricated composites, COF2 and COF3 were found to be 7.84 MPa-m1/2 and 2.22 MPa-m1/2. The COF3 composite exhibited a sensing response, response time, recovery time of 3.39 at 1200 ppm CO2, 16.95 s and 18.05 s respectively. Consequently, this porous clay composite can be fabricated in a cost-effective and eco-friendly manner, hence beneficial for CO2 gas sensing applications.
人们尝试通过固态反应方法制造粉煤灰掺杂粘土复合材料。此外，为了研究结构、力学、表面形貌和二氧化碳气体传感行为，在 1000、1100 和 1200 °C 三种不同温度下（COF1、COF2、COF3）烧结所制备的粘土复合材料 4 小时。此外，还采用了各种表征技术，如 X 射线衍射（XRD）、傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、拉曼光谱、万能试验机（UTM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）以及能量色散 X 射线光谱（EDAX）。此外，为了确定抗压强度和杨氏模量值，还使用了万能试验机（UTM）。结果发现，COF2 和 COF3 复合材料的断裂韧性分别为 7.84 MPa-m1/2 和 2.22 MPa-m1/2。在 1200 ppm CO2、16.95 s 和 18.05 s 条件下，COF3 复合材料的传感响应、响应时间和恢复时间分别为 3.39、16.95 s 和 18.05 s。因此，这种多孔粘土复合材料的制造成本低、环保，有利于二氧化碳气体传感应用。
{"title":"Fabrication, structural, morphological, and mechanical behaviour of fly ash doped clay ceramics based CO2 gas sensor","authors":"Savita Kumari, Rakhi, Ajaz Hussain, Sarvesh Kumar Avinashi, R. K. Mishra, Shweta, Ajeet Singh, Bal Chandra Yadav, C. Gautam","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad6648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad6648","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Various attempts have been made to fabricate fly ash-doped clay composites via solid state reaction method. Additionally, to investigate the structural, mechanical, surface morphology, and CO2 gas sensing behavior, the fabricated clay composites were sintered at three different temperatures 1000, 1100, and 1200 °C (COF1, COF2, COF3) for 4 h. The green and sintered densities of the fabricated composites were found to be in the range of 2.17-2.13 g/cm3 and 1.38 to 1.30 g/cm3. Further, various characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, universal testing machine (UTM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) were carried out. Moreover, to determine the compressive strength and Young’s modulus values, a universal testing machine (UTM) was used. The fracture toughness of the fabricated composites, COF2 and COF3 were found to be 7.84 MPa-m1/2 and 2.22 MPa-m1/2. The COF3 composite exhibited a sensing response, response time, recovery time of 3.39 at 1200 ppm CO2, 16.95 s and 18.05 s respectively. Consequently, this porous clay composite can be fabricated in a cost-effective and eco-friendly manner, hence beneficial for CO2 gas sensing applications.","PeriodicalId":503429,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"19 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141817094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-22DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad664a
Yan-fei He
The major contribution in this paper is to inquire into some new exact solutions to the (2+1)-dimensional Boiti-Leon-Manna-Pempinelli equation (BLMPE) which plays a major role in area of the incompressible fluid. Taking advantage of the Cole-Hopf transform, we extract its bilinear form. Then two different kinds of the multi-lump solutions are probed by applying the new homoclinic approach. Secondly, the Y-shape soliton solutions are explored via assigning the resonance conditions to the N-soliton solutions. Additionally, the complex multi kink soliton solutions (CMKSSs) are investigated through the Hirota bilinear method. Lastly, some other wave solutions including the kink and anti-kink solitary wave solutions are developed with the aid of two efficacious approaches, namely the variational method and Kudryashov method. In the meantime, the profiles of the accomplished solutions are displayed graphically via Maple.
本文的主要贡献在于研究了 (2+1)-dimensional Boiti-Leon-Manna-Pempinelli 方程（BLMPE）的一些新的精确解，该方程在不可压缩流体领域发挥着重要作用。利用科尔-霍普夫变换，我们提取了其双线性形式。然后，通过应用新的同次元方法，探究了两种不同的多块解。其次，通过为 N 孤子解分配共振条件，探索 Y 形孤子解。此外，还通过 Hirota 双线性方法研究了复杂多扭孤子解（CMKSS）。最后，借助变分法和库德里亚肖夫法这两种有效方法，研究了其他一些波解，包括扭结孤子波解和反扭结孤子波解。同时，还通过 Maple 图形显示了已完成求解的剖面图。
{"title":"Multi-lump, resonant Y-shape soliton, complex multi kink solitons and the solitary wave solutions to the (2+1)-dimensional Boiti-Leon-Manna-Pempinelli equation for incompressible fluid","authors":"Yan-fei He","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad664a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad664a","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The major contribution in this paper is to inquire into some new exact solutions to the (2+1)-dimensional Boiti-Leon-Manna-Pempinelli equation (BLMPE) which plays a major role in area of the incompressible fluid. Taking advantage of the Cole-Hopf transform, we extract its bilinear form. Then two different kinds of the multi-lump solutions are probed by applying the new homoclinic approach. Secondly, the Y-shape soliton solutions are explored via assigning the resonance conditions to the N-soliton solutions. Additionally, the complex multi kink soliton solutions (CMKSSs) are investigated through the Hirota bilinear method. Lastly, some other wave solutions including the kink and anti-kink solitary wave solutions are developed with the aid of two efficacious approaches, namely the variational method and Kudryashov method. In the meantime, the profiles of the accomplished solutions are displayed graphically via Maple.","PeriodicalId":503429,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141816243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-22DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad664d
Qifei Zhang, Linyan Guo, Bo Li, Zi-qiao Zheng
Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is limited by challenges such as signal attenuation and inadequate target detection in lossy dielectrics, prompting research on data processing algorithms to enhance detection capability. In this study, we propose a method for enhancing GPR detection capability based on electromagnetic field focusing (FF). The method involves calculating the phase difference attributable to the range difference between each antenna element and the focal point and compensating its feed phase accordingly. This approach effectively concentrates the energy of electromagnetic waves at the target area. Tapered slot antennas operating within the 2.5–8 GHz frequency band were employed for transmitting and receiving, thus facilitating algorithm verification and target detection. The synthetic aperture radar algorithm executed pulse compression and range migration on the received data, thereby intensifying the signal at the target object's position and achieving double focusing. Notably, this study uniquely employs FF to enhance the penetrability of electromagnetic waves and augment the detection capability of GPR. Both simulation and experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method in improving the GPR imaging quality.
{"title":"Enhancement of penetration of electromagnetic waves by field focusing applied to GPR detection","authors":"Qifei Zhang, Linyan Guo, Bo Li, Zi-qiao Zheng","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad664d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad664d","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is limited by challenges such as signal attenuation and inadequate target detection in lossy dielectrics, prompting research on data processing algorithms to enhance detection capability. In this study, we propose a method for enhancing GPR detection capability based on electromagnetic field focusing (FF). The method involves calculating the phase difference attributable to the range difference between each antenna element and the focal point and compensating its feed phase accordingly. This approach effectively concentrates the energy of electromagnetic waves at the target area. Tapered slot antennas operating within the 2.5–8 GHz frequency band were employed for transmitting and receiving, thus facilitating algorithm verification and target detection. The synthetic aperture radar algorithm executed pulse compression and range migration on the received data, thereby intensifying the signal at the target object's position and achieving double focusing. Notably, this study uniquely employs FF to enhance the penetrability of electromagnetic waves and augment the detection capability of GPR. Both simulation and experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method in improving the GPR imaging quality.","PeriodicalId":503429,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"42 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141815216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-22DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad6643
Songchao Shen, Ahmed M F Hameed, Feifei Qin, Ibrar, Ang Bian, Jun Dai
In this paper, we design a high-precision tunable terahertz filter by using transfer matrix method. The filter structure mainly consists of graphene embedded photonic crystals (GPCs). The front part of the GPCs contain artificial synthetic material and air layer, the back part of the GPCs is composed by and periodic stack of isotropic dielectric slabs (MgF2) embedded with graphene sheets, where air defect layer is located in the middle of the GPC as a central layer. Our simulation reveals that graphene layer and air defective layer strongly affect the filter performance. Additionally, the influence of incidence angle of terahertz wave, thickness of air layer, the unit number of front periodic structure and chemical potential of the graphene sheets can also modulate the function of the filter. And the filter has strong stability when the temperature changes from 150K to 350K.The results indicate that single channel, dual and multiple channels filter in a narrow frequency can be obtained by optimizing the structure parameter.
{"title":"Tunable Terahertz filter based on graphene photonic crystals with defective layers","authors":"Songchao Shen, Ahmed M F Hameed, Feifei Qin, Ibrar, Ang Bian, Jun Dai","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad6643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad6643","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this paper, we design a high-precision tunable terahertz filter by using transfer matrix method. The filter structure mainly consists of graphene embedded photonic crystals (GPCs). The front part of the GPCs contain artificial synthetic material and air layer, the back part of the GPCs is composed by and periodic stack of isotropic dielectric slabs (MgF2) embedded with graphene sheets, where air defect layer is located in the middle of the GPC as a central layer. Our simulation reveals that graphene layer and air defective layer strongly affect the filter performance. Additionally, the influence of incidence angle of terahertz wave, thickness of air layer, the unit number of front periodic structure and chemical potential of the graphene sheets can also modulate the function of the filter. And the filter has strong stability when the temperature changes from 150K to 350K.The results indicate that single channel, dual and multiple channels filter in a narrow frequency can be obtained by optimizing the structure parameter.","PeriodicalId":503429,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"27 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141814747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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