Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad6cc8
Jaewan Park, Sungmin Park, Seongin Hong
In this paper, we report thermally stable photosensing using MoS2 phototransistor with a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) coating. The increase in the OFF current of the PMMA-coated MoS2 phototransistor degraded to less than 87.72% of that of the pristine MoS2 phototransistor under harsh temperature conditions (250C). PMMA coating on the pristine MoS2 phototransistor improved the photosensitivity and drain current stability as a function of time by 315.71% at 250C and 91.26% under intense negative bias temperature illumination stress (NBTIS) test (Vgs = −30 V, Vds = 10 V, λex = 638 nm, Pinc = 1.0 mW, and T = 250C), respectively. This simple and useful method provides valuable insight for improving the reliability of photodetectors and image sensor systems under harsh temperature.
{"title":"Thermally stable photosensing using poly(methyl methacrylate)-coated MoS2 phototransistor for improved imaging reliability","authors":"Jaewan Park, Sungmin Park, Seongin Hong","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad6cc8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad6cc8","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this paper, we report thermally stable photosensing using MoS2 phototransistor with a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) coating. The increase in the OFF current of the PMMA-coated MoS2 phototransistor degraded to less than 87.72% of that of the pristine MoS2 phototransistor under harsh temperature conditions (250C). PMMA coating on the pristine MoS2 phototransistor improved the photosensitivity and drain current stability as a function of time by 315.71% at 250C and 91.26% under intense negative bias temperature illumination stress (NBTIS) test (Vgs = −30 V, Vds = 10 V, λex = 638 nm, Pinc = 1.0 mW, and T = 250C), respectively. This simple and useful method provides valuable insight for improving the reliability of photodetectors and image sensor systems under harsh temperature.","PeriodicalId":503429,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad6940
E. Zayed, Basel M M Saad, A. Arnous, Y. Yıldırım
This paper addresses the modeling of optical systems with stochastic quadratic nonlinearity for the first time, a novel and challenging research area within nonlinear optics. By incorporating multiplicative white noise and quadratic nonlinear susceptibility, the study presents an innovative approach to recovering optical solutions. Leveraging the G ′ G -expansion method and extended Kudryashov’s method, new stochastic exact solutions are derived, encompassing bright, dark, singular, and trigonometric solitons. Graphical representations aid in understanding these solutions’ characteristics. Insights into the stochastic nature of optical solutions under various conditions are provided, offering valuable contributions to nonlinear optics and potential applications in telecommunications and materials science.
本文首次探讨了具有随机二次非线性的光学系统建模问题，这是非线性光学中一个新颖而富有挑战性的研究领域。通过结合乘法白噪声和二次非线性易感性，该研究提出了一种恢复光学解决方案的创新方法。利用 G ′ G 展开方法和扩展的库德里亚绍夫方法，得出了新的随机精确解，包括亮、暗、奇异和三角孤子。图形表示有助于理解这些解的特征。该书深入揭示了各种条件下光学解的随机性质，为非线性光学以及在电信和材料科学领域的潜在应用做出了宝贵贡献。
{"title":"Novel stochastic embedded solitons with quadratic nonlinear susceptibility in the presence of multiplicative noise","authors":"E. Zayed, Basel M M Saad, A. Arnous, Y. Yıldırım","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad6940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad6940","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper addresses the modeling of optical systems with stochastic quadratic nonlinearity for the first time, a novel and challenging research area within nonlinear optics. By incorporating multiplicative white noise and quadratic nonlinear susceptibility, the study presents an innovative approach to recovering optical solutions. Leveraging the \u0000 \u0000\u0000\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 G\u0000 ′\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 G\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 -expansion method and extended Kudryashov’s method, new stochastic exact solutions are derived, encompassing bright, dark, singular, and trigonometric solitons. Graphical representations aid in understanding these solutions’ characteristics. Insights into the stochastic nature of optical solutions under various conditions are provided, offering valuable contributions to nonlinear optics and potential applications in telecommunications and materials science.","PeriodicalId":503429,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"19 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141927287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad6d14
Vahid Salehi Maghaddam, A. Gholizadeh
A one-pot electrospinning technique was employed to synthesize polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-based nanofibers containing bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3), strontium hexaferrite (SrFe12O19), and hematite (α-Fe2O3). The influence of PVP polymer concentration on structural properties revealed the formation of pure phases in all samples, except for BiFeO3 nanofibers, which contained an impurity Bi2Fe4O9 phase. Field-emission scanning electron microscope images showed that higher PVP concentrations resulted in longer, thicker nanofiber chains for all samples. Vibrating sample magnetometer analysis indicated that SrFe12O19 nanofibers exhibited strong ferrimagnetic properties with high saturation magnetization (60 emu/g) and coercivity (5000 Oe), while the other samples displayed weaker magnetic properties. To address the fragility of nanofibers produced via the one-pot method, the highest PVP concentration nanofibers were incorporated into low and high concentrations of paraffin matrices. Electromagnetic testing showed that paraffin concentration significantly increased the real part of electrical permittivity for BiFeO3 nanofibers (from ~2 to ~4.5) compared to other compositions (~2 to ~3). Impedance results revealed that BiFeO3 nanofibers had the lowest resistance and likely higher reflectivity. Lastly, the real permittivity of nanofibers decreased with increasing frequency, aligning with Koop's dielectric relaxation theory.
{"title":"Synthesis and investigation of polyvinylpyrrolidone-polymer content on magnetic and electromagnetic properties of electrospun BiFeO3, SrFe12O19, α-Fe2O3 nanostructures","authors":"Vahid Salehi Maghaddam, A. Gholizadeh","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad6d14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad6d14","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A one-pot electrospinning technique was employed to synthesize polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-based nanofibers containing bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3), strontium hexaferrite (SrFe12O19), and hematite (α-Fe2O3). The influence of PVP polymer concentration on structural properties revealed the formation of pure phases in all samples, except for BiFeO3 nanofibers, which contained an impurity Bi2Fe4O9 phase. Field-emission scanning electron microscope images showed that higher PVP concentrations resulted in longer, thicker nanofiber chains for all samples. Vibrating sample magnetometer analysis indicated that SrFe12O19 nanofibers exhibited strong ferrimagnetic properties with high saturation magnetization (60 emu/g) and coercivity (5000 Oe), while the other samples displayed weaker magnetic properties. To address the fragility of nanofibers produced via the one-pot method, the highest PVP concentration nanofibers were incorporated into low and high concentrations of paraffin matrices. Electromagnetic testing showed that paraffin concentration significantly increased the real part of electrical permittivity for BiFeO3 nanofibers (from ~2 to ~4.5) compared to other compositions (~2 to ~3). Impedance results revealed that BiFeO3 nanofibers had the lowest resistance and likely higher reflectivity. Lastly, the real permittivity of nanofibers decreased with increasing frequency, aligning with Koop's dielectric relaxation theory.","PeriodicalId":503429,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"25 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141925755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad6d16
ShaoHua Li, Zekun Yang, Baolu Li
In order to address the difficulty induced by controller parameter uncertainty in trajectory tracking control of four-wheel steering vehicles(4WS), a trajectory tracking control method for unmanned vehicles based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed to improve the robustness of the controller. The approach involves the use of model predictive control (MPC) for implementing trajectory tracking control for the unmanned vehicle. Iterative optimization is conducted by utilizing the integral time absolute error (ITAE) as the objective function, which involves multiplying the time integral of lateral deviation and yaw rate deviation. This process ultimately determines the optimized MPC weight matrix parameters. Co-simulation using CarSim/Simulink reveals a remarkable reduction of 46.1% in the maximum longitudinal error, and the optimization proves effective across various vehicle speed conditions. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy, with the 4WS control strategy yielding a maximum longitudinal error of 0.28 meters, affirming that the overall controller design successfully accomplishes its intended objectives.
{"title":"Four-wheel steering vehicle trajectory tracking control based on PSO optimized MPC","authors":"ShaoHua Li, Zekun Yang, Baolu Li","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad6d16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad6d16","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In order to address the difficulty induced by controller parameter uncertainty in trajectory tracking control of four-wheel steering vehicles(4WS), a trajectory tracking control method for unmanned vehicles based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed to improve the robustness of the controller. The approach involves the use of model predictive control (MPC) for implementing trajectory tracking control for the unmanned vehicle. Iterative optimization is conducted by utilizing the integral time absolute error (ITAE) as the objective function, which involves multiplying the time integral of lateral deviation and yaw rate deviation. This process ultimately determines the optimized MPC weight matrix parameters. Co-simulation using CarSim/Simulink reveals a remarkable reduction of 46.1% in the maximum longitudinal error, and the optimization proves effective across various vehicle speed conditions. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy, with the 4WS control strategy yielding a maximum longitudinal error of 0.28 meters, affirming that the overall controller design successfully accomplishes its intended objectives.","PeriodicalId":503429,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"24 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141926201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad6d09
A. Stoilova, D. Dimov, Y. Trifonova, G. Mateev, V. V. Lilova, D. Nazarova, L. Nedelchev
The article describes the preparation of new thin film composite materials based on the azopolymer (poly[1-[4-(3-carboxy-4-hydroxyphenylazo)benzenesulfonamido]-1,2-ethanediyl, sodium salt]) doped with three different concentration of InP/ZnS quantum dots with size of 7.5 nm. Clusters of aggregated InP/ZnS were microscopically observed in the fabricated composite samples. Birefringence (Δn) was induced in the films at two different wavelengths of the pump laser (355 nm and 444 nm) and the obtained higher values of Δnmax for the samples doped with quantum dots up to 2 wt.% in comparison to the non-doped film and the sample with the highest nanocrystals concentration are discussed, based on the measured fluorescence spectra, in terms of possible local energy transfer between the azobenzene chromophores and the InP/ZnS quantum dots.
{"title":"Effect of InP/ZnS quantum dots aggregation on the kinetics of birefringence recorded in thin azopolymer composite films","authors":"A. Stoilova, D. Dimov, Y. Trifonova, G. Mateev, V. V. Lilova, D. Nazarova, L. Nedelchev","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad6d09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad6d09","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article describes the preparation of new thin film composite materials based on the azopolymer (poly[1-[4-(3-carboxy-4-hydroxyphenylazo)benzenesulfonamido]-1,2-ethanediyl, sodium salt]) doped with three different concentration of InP/ZnS quantum dots with size of 7.5 nm. Clusters of aggregated InP/ZnS were microscopically observed in the fabricated composite samples. Birefringence (Δn) was induced in the films at two different wavelengths of the pump laser (355 nm and 444 nm) and the obtained higher values of Δnmax for the samples doped with quantum dots up to 2 wt.% in comparison to the non-doped film and the sample with the highest nanocrystals concentration are discussed, based on the measured fluorescence spectra, in terms of possible local energy transfer between the azobenzene chromophores and the InP/ZnS quantum dots.","PeriodicalId":503429,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141927420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Terahertz metamaterial absorbers (TMAs) have garnered significant attention as vital electromagnetic wave-absorbing devices. In this study, we designed a terahertz metamaterial absorber (TMA) utilizing an asymmetric Fabry-Perot nanocavity comprising vanadium dioxide (VO2), gold (Au), and polyimide. The TMA exhibits five perfect absorption peaks within 0.1 THz to 10 THz, with an absorption rate exceeding 97%, peaking at 99%. The absorption rate oscillates periodically between 0 and 1, and its oscillating absorption peak can be determined by fm(fm = (2m + 1)c0/(4t√ε2), while tunability of the absorption rate between 15% and 97% is achievable by adjusting the conductivity of (VO2) (2 × 102 ∼2 × 105 S/m). The physical mechanism of the absorption peak was analyzed by simulation and compared with theoretical analysis. The results show that the absorption peak of the absorber's absorptivity can be insensitive to polarization and has a wide absorption angle of 80% up to 40° or more. Importantly, the thickness of the absorber (VO2) layer can be calculated from the desired absorption frequency and dielectric constant of the interlayer medium,d=√(ε0 /µ0) /σ , thus reducing the need for redesigning different resonant layer patterns. This work provides a new perspective on terahertz absorber design.
{"title":"A perfect absorber based on a VO2-tunable Fabry-Perot cavity: An analysis of periodic oscillation absorption characteristics","authors":"Yanpeng Zhang, Xuehong Sun, Liping Liu, Guoche Qin, Haibo Yu, Zhanxiong Li","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad6d0c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad6d0c","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Terahertz metamaterial absorbers (TMAs) have garnered significant attention as vital electromagnetic wave-absorbing devices. In this study, we designed a terahertz metamaterial absorber (TMA) utilizing an asymmetric Fabry-Perot nanocavity comprising vanadium dioxide (VO2), gold (Au), and polyimide. The TMA exhibits five perfect absorption peaks within 0.1 THz to 10 THz, with an absorption rate exceeding 97%, peaking at 99%. The absorption rate oscillates periodically between 0 and 1, and its oscillating absorption peak can be determined by fm(fm = (2m + 1)c0/(4t√ε2), while tunability of the absorption rate between 15% and 97% is achievable by adjusting the conductivity of (VO2) (2 × 102 ∼2 × 105 S/m). The physical mechanism of the absorption peak was analyzed by simulation and compared with theoretical analysis. The results show that the absorption peak of the absorber's absorptivity can be insensitive to polarization and has a wide absorption angle of 80% up to 40° or more. Importantly, the thickness of the absorber (VO2) layer can be calculated from the desired absorption frequency and dielectric constant of the interlayer medium,d=√(ε0 /µ0) /σ , thus reducing the need for redesigning different resonant layer patterns. This work provides a new perspective on terahertz absorber design.","PeriodicalId":503429,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad6d15
Abraham Lima, J. A. Reyes
In this paper, we determine the band structure of an electromagnetic space-time crystal. We construct a coordinate transformation in which the matrix elements of the Dirac equation are constant. Consequently, their corresponding band structure is recovered analytically. The band structure is fragmented into three different energy regions. In the center, there is a region prohibited for all particles (universal band gap), which is symmetrically enveloped by two energy regions of the same width. These regions allow the passage of particles with a specific spin (discriminatory band gaps). Furthermore, we demonstrate that, through the appropriate combination of the refractive index, the length of the electromagnetic wave, and the amplitude of the electric field, it is possible to shorten the bandwidth of the universal gap and replace it with a discriminatory band gap. In that sense, the proposed system constitutes an alternative procedure to observe the Schwinger mechanism experimentally.
{"title":"Band structure for relativistic charged particles immersed in a structurally chiral electromagnetic field","authors":"Abraham Lima, J. A. Reyes","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad6d15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad6d15","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this paper, we determine the band structure of an electromagnetic space-time crystal. We construct a coordinate transformation in which the matrix elements of the Dirac equation are constant. Consequently, their corresponding band structure is recovered analytically. The band structure is fragmented into three different energy regions. In the center, there is a region prohibited for all particles (universal band gap), which is symmetrically enveloped by two energy regions of the same width. These regions allow the passage of particles with a specific spin (discriminatory band gaps). Furthermore, we demonstrate that, through the appropriate combination of the refractive index, the length of the electromagnetic wave, and the amplitude of the electric field, it is possible to shorten the bandwidth of the universal gap and replace it with a discriminatory band gap. In that sense, the proposed system constitutes an alternative procedure to observe the Schwinger mechanism experimentally.","PeriodicalId":503429,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"43 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141927992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad6d0b
S. Jalilvand, M. Soltani, Z. Noorinejad, M. Amini, E. Ghanbari-Adivi
The concept of topological Fano resonance, characterized by an ultrasharp asymmetric line shape, is a promising candidate for robust sensing applications due to its sensitivity to external parameters and immunity to structural disorder. In this study, the vacancy-induced topological Fano resonance in a nanoribbon made up of a hexagonal lattice with armchair sides is examined by introducing several on-site vacancies, which are deliberately created at regular distances, along a zigzag chain that stretches across the width of the ribbon. The presence of the on-site vacancies can create localized energy states within the electronic band structure, leading to the formation of an impurity band, which can result in Fano resonance phenomena by forming a conductivity channel between the edge modes on both armchair sides of the ribbon. Consequently, an ultracompact tunable on-chip integrated topological Fano resonance derived from the graphene-based nanomechanical phononic crystals is proposed. The Fano resonance arises from the interference between topologically protected even and odd edge modes at the interface between trivial and nontrivial insulators in a nanoribbon structure governed by the Kane-Mele model describing the quantum spin Hall e®ect in hexagonal lattices. The simulation of the topological Fano resonance is performed analytically using the Lippmann-Schwinger scattering formulation. One of the advantages of the present study is that the related calculations are carried out analytically, and in addition to the simplicity and directness, it reproduces the results obtained from the Landauer-BÄuttiker formulation very well both quantitatively and qualitatively. The ¯ndings open up possibilities for the design of highly sensitive and accurate robust sensors for detecting extremely tiny forces, masses, and spatial positions.
{"title":"Design and Control of Topological Fano Resonance in Kane-Mele Nanoribbons for Sensing Applications","authors":"S. Jalilvand, M. Soltani, Z. Noorinejad, M. Amini, E. Ghanbari-Adivi","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad6d0b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad6d0b","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The concept of topological Fano resonance, characterized by an ultrasharp asymmetric line shape, is a promising candidate for robust sensing applications due to its sensitivity to external parameters and immunity to structural disorder. In this study, the vacancy-induced topological Fano resonance in a nanoribbon made up of a hexagonal lattice with armchair sides is examined by introducing several on-site vacancies, which are deliberately created at regular distances, along a zigzag chain that stretches across the width of the ribbon. The presence of the on-site vacancies can create localized energy states within the electronic band structure, leading to the formation of an impurity band, which can result in Fano resonance phenomena by forming a conductivity channel between the edge modes on both armchair sides of the ribbon. Consequently, an ultracompact tunable on-chip integrated topological Fano resonance derived from the graphene-based nanomechanical phononic crystals is proposed. The Fano resonance arises from the interference between topologically protected even and odd edge modes at the interface between trivial and nontrivial insulators in a nanoribbon structure governed by the Kane-Mele model describing the quantum spin Hall e®ect in hexagonal lattices. The simulation of the topological Fano resonance is performed analytically using the Lippmann-Schwinger scattering formulation. One of the advantages of the present study is that the related calculations are carried out analytically, and in addition to the simplicity and directness, it reproduces the results obtained from the Landauer-BÄuttiker formulation very well both quantitatively and qualitatively. The ¯ndings open up possibilities for the design of highly sensitive and accurate robust sensors for detecting extremely tiny forces, masses, and spatial positions.","PeriodicalId":503429,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"50 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141929269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad6d1d
Hogyoung Kim
Based on the capacitance/conductance–voltage (C/G–V) and current–voltage (I–V) methods, the interface characteristics and the current conduction mechanisms of Pt/n-InP Schottky contacts were studied in detail. The interface states strongly affected the values of capacitance in the depletion region. From Terman, G–V, and forward I–V methods, the interface state density (Dit) was found to range from mid-1012 to mid-1013 eV-1cm-2. The forward current characteristics was not elucidated by the thermionic emission (TE) model assisted by tunneling via the interfacial layer. Rather, the spatially distributed inhomogeneous barrier could interpret the forward current characteristics. Trap-assisted tunneling involving phosphorous vacancy (VP)-related defects was observed to be dominant in the case of the reverse current characteristics. The comparison of Pt metal contact with Cu and Au contacts revealed that Pt contact has the highest Dit among three contacts.
{"title":"Characterization of interface states and investigation of possible current conduction mechanisms in the Pt, Au, Cu/n-InP Schottky diodes","authors":"Hogyoung Kim","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad6d1d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad6d1d","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Based on the capacitance/conductance–voltage (C/G–V) and current–voltage (I–V) methods, the interface characteristics and the current conduction mechanisms of Pt/n-InP Schottky contacts were studied in detail. The interface states strongly affected the values of capacitance in the depletion region. From Terman, G–V, and forward I–V methods, the interface state density (Dit) was found to range from mid-1012 to mid-1013 eV-1cm-2. The forward current characteristics was not elucidated by the thermionic emission (TE) model assisted by tunneling via the interfacial layer. Rather, the spatially distributed inhomogeneous barrier could interpret the forward current characteristics. Trap-assisted tunneling involving phosphorous vacancy (VP)-related defects was observed to be dominant in the case of the reverse current characteristics. The comparison of Pt metal contact with Cu and Au contacts revealed that Pt contact has the highest Dit among three contacts.","PeriodicalId":503429,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"57 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141929182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad6d1c
Anupam Srivastava, A. V. Ullas, Nirmal Roy
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are famous for their potential to produce efficient, flexible, and low-cost solar energy. This study explores the possibility of eco-friendly, lead-free, inorganic solar cells using Cs2PtI6 as the light-absorbing layer and NiO as the hole transport layer (HTL). It carefully optimizes various factors, including the thickness, doping concentration, defect density, and the effects of radiative recombination of the absorber layer, along with different hole and electron transport layers. The study also examines interfacial defects and resistances within the device. The density of defects at the interface between the HTL and the absorber layer is a crucial factor influencing the device's performance. Additionally, the study evaluates different metal back contacts, changes in temperature, light intensity, and the spectrum of light. The optimized structure (FTO/ZnO/Cs2PtI6/NiO/Au) achieves an open circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.34 V, a short-circuit current (JSC) of 32.34 mA/cm2, a fill factor (FF) of 75.70 %, and an excellent power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 32.70 %, showing great promise in solar cell technology.
{"title":"Efficiency Enhancement and Optimization of Lead-free Cs2PtI6 Perovskite Solar Cell","authors":"Anupam Srivastava, A. V. Ullas, Nirmal Roy","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad6d1c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad6d1c","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are famous for their potential to produce efficient, flexible, and low-cost solar energy. This study explores the possibility of eco-friendly, lead-free, inorganic solar cells using Cs2PtI6 as the light-absorbing layer and NiO as the hole transport layer (HTL). It carefully optimizes various factors, including the thickness, doping concentration, defect density, and the effects of radiative recombination of the absorber layer, along with different hole and electron transport layers. The study also examines interfacial defects and resistances within the device. The density of defects at the interface between the HTL and the absorber layer is a crucial factor influencing the device's performance. Additionally, the study evaluates different metal back contacts, changes in temperature, light intensity, and the spectrum of light. The optimized structure (FTO/ZnO/Cs2PtI6/NiO/Au) achieves an open circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.34 V, a short-circuit current (JSC) of 32.34 mA/cm2, a fill factor (FF) of 75.70 %, and an excellent power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 32.70 %, showing great promise in solar cell technology.","PeriodicalId":503429,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"40 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141929292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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