Pub Date : 2022-01-24DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2021.1995782
Z. Ramezani, Hamideh Mousavi, Marjan Zamani, F. Ghaderi, R. Tahmasebi, A. Movahed, Amir Goreh, Saeed Keshmiri, A. Darabi, S. Farrokhi
Abstract Aeroallergens are known as the major cause of allergic respiratory diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the skin prick test (SPT) reactivity to the pollen of Conocarpus erectus trees and to find the association between the indoor and outdoor aeroallergens in the patients. In the present case series multicentre study, 104 patients with respiratory allergies such as allergic rhinitis and asthma who were referred to the Bushehr University allergy clinic participated. The SPT was applied by using the extract of Conocarpus erectus pollen and the other allergens to determine the patients’ reactivity. The frequency of positive sensitivity to Conocarpus erectus pollen was 61 (58.6%) and it was 62.5%, 55.7%, and 53.8% for the tree pollen allergens Citrus X Sinensis, Morus rubra, and Phoenix dactylifera, respectively. In addition, the maximum frequency of sensitivity to other aeroallergens was with house dust mite (HDM) (78.8%), Salsola kali; 71.2%), and cockroach (71.2%). The maximum frequency of reactivity to food allergens was with egg yolk (37.6%), shrimp (37%), and beef (34.6%). This study concludes that the frequency of sensitivity to Conocarpus erectus pollen was high and similar to the pollen allergens of other trees that are widely cultivated in southern Iran. Green spaces are the key element of urban management, and the interaction between citizens and the environment, as well as promoting human health are very effective. Therefore, the lack of planning in urban populations in the choice of ornamental species can be a triggering factor, especially in patients with respiratory allergies.
摘要空气过敏原是引起过敏性呼吸道疾病的主要原因。本研究旨在调查直立木花粉的皮肤点刺试验（SPT）反应性，并找出患者室内外空气过敏原之间的关系。在本病例系列多中心研究中，104名被转诊到布什尔大学过敏诊所的呼吸道过敏患者（如过敏性鼻炎和哮喘）参与了研究。SPT通过使用直立锥虫花粉提取物和其他过敏原来测定患者的反应性。对直立木花粉的阳性敏感率为61（58.6%），对树花粉过敏原Citrus X Sinensis、Morus rubra和Phoenix dactylifera的阳性敏感度分别为62.5%、55.7%和53.8%。此外，对其他空气过敏原的敏感性最高的是屋尘螨（HDM）（78.8%）、猪毛菜（Salsola kali）；71.2%）和蟑螂（71.2%）。对食物过敏原的反应频率最高的是蛋黄（37.6%）、虾（37%）和牛肉（34.6%）。本研究得出结论，对直立锥虫花粉的敏感性频率较高，与伊朗南部广泛种植的其他树木的花粉过敏原相似。绿地是城市管理的关键要素，市民与环境的互动以及促进人类健康都是非常有效的。因此，城市人群在选择观赏物种方面缺乏规划可能是一个触发因素，尤其是在呼吸道过敏患者中。
{"title":"Reactivity to Conocarpus tree pollen in patients with respiratory allergic diseases in the south-western part of Iran","authors":"Z. Ramezani, Hamideh Mousavi, Marjan Zamani, F. Ghaderi, R. Tahmasebi, A. Movahed, Amir Goreh, Saeed Keshmiri, A. Darabi, S. Farrokhi","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2021.1995782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2021.1995782","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aeroallergens are known as the major cause of allergic respiratory diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the skin prick test (SPT) reactivity to the pollen of Conocarpus erectus trees and to find the association between the indoor and outdoor aeroallergens in the patients. In the present case series multicentre study, 104 patients with respiratory allergies such as allergic rhinitis and asthma who were referred to the Bushehr University allergy clinic participated. The SPT was applied by using the extract of Conocarpus erectus pollen and the other allergens to determine the patients’ reactivity. The frequency of positive sensitivity to Conocarpus erectus pollen was 61 (58.6%) and it was 62.5%, 55.7%, and 53.8% for the tree pollen allergens Citrus X Sinensis, Morus rubra, and Phoenix dactylifera, respectively. In addition, the maximum frequency of sensitivity to other aeroallergens was with house dust mite (HDM) (78.8%), Salsola kali; 71.2%), and cockroach (71.2%). The maximum frequency of reactivity to food allergens was with egg yolk (37.6%), shrimp (37%), and beef (34.6%). This study concludes that the frequency of sensitivity to Conocarpus erectus pollen was high and similar to the pollen allergens of other trees that are widely cultivated in southern Iran. Green spaces are the key element of urban management, and the interaction between citizens and the environment, as well as promoting human health are very effective. Therefore, the lack of planning in urban populations in the choice of ornamental species can be a triggering factor, especially in patients with respiratory allergies.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49617782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-06DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2021.1976823
Adriana Mercedes Camejo Aviles, M. Ledru, F. Ricardi-Branco, Paula A. Rodríguez-Zorro, R. J. Francischetti Garcia, Jerlin Fernandez Perdomo
Abstract A total of 115 palynomorphs recovered from samples collected in the Colônia basin were described. The morphological descriptions were accompanied by illustrations and ecological information. The palynomorphs date back to the penultimate glacial with ages ranging from 135 to 180 ka. The palynomorphs were grouped according to their presence in three forest types represented in the Colônia basin, namely hillside forest, peat forest and swamp forest. The 115 identified taxa represent a total 58 families; one represents the algae, and 57 Embryophyta (ten pteridophytes, two gymnosperms and 45 angiosperms); 52% of the palynomorphs were observed in the three local forest types. 32.4% were observed in other types of vegetation distributed within a radius of 5 to 15 km from the basin. These palynomorphs represent mature forest, secondary forest, cloud forest, grassland, and disturbed environment whereas 15.6% of the palynomorphs were no longer observed in the region of Colônia. The species represented by these palynomorphs most likely disappeared from the region of Colônia during interglacial climate warming. In addition, our study provides reference material for future pollen studies in Colônia since some vulnerable species were identified.
{"title":"Characterization of a glacial neotropical rainforest from pollen and spore assemblages (Colônia, São Paulo, Brazil)","authors":"Adriana Mercedes Camejo Aviles, M. Ledru, F. Ricardi-Branco, Paula A. Rodríguez-Zorro, R. J. Francischetti Garcia, Jerlin Fernandez Perdomo","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2021.1976823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2021.1976823","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A total of 115 palynomorphs recovered from samples collected in the Colônia basin were described. The morphological descriptions were accompanied by illustrations and ecological information. The palynomorphs date back to the penultimate glacial with ages ranging from 135 to 180 ka. The palynomorphs were grouped according to their presence in three forest types represented in the Colônia basin, namely hillside forest, peat forest and swamp forest. The 115 identified taxa represent a total 58 families; one represents the algae, and 57 Embryophyta (ten pteridophytes, two gymnosperms and 45 angiosperms); 52% of the palynomorphs were observed in the three local forest types. 32.4% were observed in other types of vegetation distributed within a radius of 5 to 15 km from the basin. These palynomorphs represent mature forest, secondary forest, cloud forest, grassland, and disturbed environment whereas 15.6% of the palynomorphs were no longer observed in the region of Colônia. The species represented by these palynomorphs most likely disappeared from the region of Colônia during interglacial climate warming. In addition, our study provides reference material for future pollen studies in Colônia since some vulnerable species were identified.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47009193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2021.1984574
Higor Antonio-Domingues, A. P. Perez, M. Rossi, A. Martinelli, C. D. da Luz
Abstract Pollen morphology, ultrasculpture and ultrastructure were investigated for Poiretia in search of morphological characters of taxonomic importance using light microscopy as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Additionally, principal components analysis was done to elucidate patterns of variation among the species. Pollen grains are small to medium size, isopolar, prolate spheroidal to prolate, 3-zonocolporate, colporus with operculum, membrane and margo are ornamented. Five pollen types are recognised and described based on mesocolpium exine ultrasculpture. Exine consists of a compact tectum, eutectate, tectate perforate to semitectate, the infratectum is collumelar and granular, foot layer discontinuous to absent in aperture region and endexine is continuous. A comprehensive description of the operculum, membrane ornamentations and the ultrastructure of exine were given for all species in the genus, nine of which were not previously analysed palynologically. Systematic implications of the palynological variations found in the literature and through light, scanning and transmission electron microscopical analyses were discussed. This article describes the importance of the characterisation of Poiretia pollen grains, which contributes to the systematics of the Adesmia informal clade. The class of endoaperture, ultrasculpture of mesocolpium and apocolpium, and ultrastructure of tectum, foot layer, and endexine support the eurypalynous status of Poiretia and are useful to recognise some species that have problematic delimitation (P. latifolia, P. coriifolia, P. unifoliolata, P. mattogrossensis, P. elegans, P. marginata) as well as groups of species.
摘要利用光镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜等观察方法，研究了茯苓属植物的花粉形态、超微形貌和超微结构，寻找具有分类学意义的形态学特征。此外，还进行了主成分分析，以阐明物种间的变异模式。花粉粒小到中等大小，等极性，长形球形到长形，3带合生，两性具被盖，被膜和胚乳有装饰。根据中果皮的超微结构，识别和描述了五种花粉类型。外壁由致密的顶盖组成，共结晶，顶盖穿孔至半结晶，下顶盖柱状和粒状，孔区足部不连续至无，背缘连续。对该属所有种的被盖、膜纹饰和外壁的超微结构进行了全面的描述，其中9种以前没有进行过孢粉学分析。讨论了文献中发现的孢粉变异的系统意义，并通过光、扫描和透射电镜分析进行了讨论。本文描述了花粉粒特征的重要性，这有助于花粉粒的系统分类。内孔的分类、中孔和顶孔的超微结构以及顶盖、足层和下端的超微结构支持了Poiretia的泛化地位，并有助于识别一些划界有问题的物种(P. latifolia, P. coriifolia, P. unifoliolata, P. mattogrosensis, P. elegans, P. marginata)以及物种群。
{"title":"Pollen morphology, ultrasculpture and ultrastructure of Poiretia Vent. (Leguminosae – Papilionoideae – Dalbergieae – Adesmia informal clade)","authors":"Higor Antonio-Domingues, A. P. Perez, M. Rossi, A. Martinelli, C. D. da Luz","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2021.1984574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2021.1984574","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Pollen morphology, ultrasculpture and ultrastructure were investigated for Poiretia in search of morphological characters of taxonomic importance using light microscopy as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Additionally, principal components analysis was done to elucidate patterns of variation among the species. Pollen grains are small to medium size, isopolar, prolate spheroidal to prolate, 3-zonocolporate, colporus with operculum, membrane and margo are ornamented. Five pollen types are recognised and described based on mesocolpium exine ultrasculpture. Exine consists of a compact tectum, eutectate, tectate perforate to semitectate, the infratectum is collumelar and granular, foot layer discontinuous to absent in aperture region and endexine is continuous. A comprehensive description of the operculum, membrane ornamentations and the ultrastructure of exine were given for all species in the genus, nine of which were not previously analysed palynologically. Systematic implications of the palynological variations found in the literature and through light, scanning and transmission electron microscopical analyses were discussed. This article describes the importance of the characterisation of Poiretia pollen grains, which contributes to the systematics of the Adesmia informal clade. The class of endoaperture, ultrasculpture of mesocolpium and apocolpium, and ultrastructure of tectum, foot layer, and endexine support the eurypalynous status of Poiretia and are useful to recognise some species that have problematic delimitation (P. latifolia, P. coriifolia, P. unifoliolata, P. mattogrossensis, P. elegans, P. marginata) as well as groups of species.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59044180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-20DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2021.1990398
Ine De Man, Ana Rita Giraldes Simões
Abstract Xenostegia D.F.Austin et Staples is a small genus in the family Convolvulaceae, with five species restricted to Africa, and one species widespread across the Paleotropics. It was initially established to accommodate two species in Merremia that possessed non-spinulose pantoporate pollen, rare in the family, along with stigma and anther characters that did not fit other genera entirely. Recent molecular studies, and the discovery of a new species in Central Africa, have expanded the delimitation of this genus from two to six species. Our survey captures the palynological variation of all currently documented species of Xenostegia, revealing that more types of pollen aperture patterns are present (15- and 30-colpate), with implications for the circumscription of the genus. In addition, a unique pattern of exine sculpture (plurigemmate-echinate) was discovered, which is shared by all the species and has not yet been documented in any other member of family Convolvulaceae.
摘要Xeostegia D.F.Austin et Staples是旋花科中的一个小属，有五种仅限于非洲，一种分布在古热带地区。它最初是为适应梅里亚的两个物种而建立的，这两个物种具有非刺状全孔花粉，在该科中很罕见，同时具有不完全适合其他属的柱头和花药特征。最近的分子研究，以及在中非发现的一个新物种，将该属的划界范围从两个扩大到六个。我们的调查捕捉到了目前所有记录在案的Xenosticia物种的孢粉学变化，揭示了更多类型的花粉孔模式（15-和30-colpate），这对该属的范围有影响。此外，还发现了一种独特的出口雕刻图案（多棱针叶树），所有物种都有这种图案，尚未在旋花科的任何其他成员中记录在案。
{"title":"Pollen diversity of Xenostegia D.F.Austin et Staples (Convolvulaceae)","authors":"Ine De Man, Ana Rita Giraldes Simões","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2021.1990398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2021.1990398","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Xenostegia D.F.Austin et Staples is a small genus in the family Convolvulaceae, with five species restricted to Africa, and one species widespread across the Paleotropics. It was initially established to accommodate two species in Merremia that possessed non-spinulose pantoporate pollen, rare in the family, along with stigma and anther characters that did not fit other genera entirely. Recent molecular studies, and the discovery of a new species in Central Africa, have expanded the delimitation of this genus from two to six species. Our survey captures the palynological variation of all currently documented species of Xenostegia, revealing that more types of pollen aperture patterns are present (15- and 30-colpate), with implications for the circumscription of the genus. In addition, a unique pattern of exine sculpture (plurigemmate-echinate) was discovered, which is shared by all the species and has not yet been documented in any other member of family Convolvulaceae.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47539561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-16DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2021.1990397
E. Soares, Lorrayne Albernaz Domingues Camilo Landi, C. N. Souza, E. Gasparino
Abstract The pollen morphology of 17 species and three varieties of the native mimosoid clade of forest fragments of the Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) was studied in order to expand the knowledge on the morphology of genera and species of this group, in particular on the morphology of polyads, as well as add information to pollen studies for species of Caesalpinioideae occurring in the area. The pollen grains were acetolysed, measured, described qualitatively and illustrated under light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (not acetolysed pollen grains). Pollen metric data were examined by descriptive and multivariate analysis. The studied species showed differences on the pollen units (monads or polyads) and variations in number and distribution of pollen grains in the polyads. Three pollen types were observed: type I, pollen grains in monads (Plathymenia reticulata); type II, polyads with one tapered end (drop shape – Calliandra parviflora); type III, polyads with uniform ends with asymmetrically distributed pollen grains (Stryphnodendron species); or symmetrically (with 16 or 20 pollen grains in Acacia plumosa, Albizia niopoides, Anadenanthera species, Inga marginata, Inga vera and Senegalia species and more than 20 pollen grains in Enterolobium contortisiliquum, Inga edulis and Inga sessilis). The qualitative differences and the measuremets of the diameters of the polyads, made it possible to distinguish the taxa and to confirm the eurypalynous character of the mimosoid clade (Caesalpinioideae, Fabaceae).
{"title":"Polyads types of the mimosoid clade (Caesalpinioideae, Fabaceae): size and pollen numbers variations","authors":"E. Soares, Lorrayne Albernaz Domingues Camilo Landi, C. N. Souza, E. Gasparino","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2021.1990397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2021.1990397","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The pollen morphology of 17 species and three varieties of the native mimosoid clade of forest fragments of the Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) was studied in order to expand the knowledge on the morphology of genera and species of this group, in particular on the morphology of polyads, as well as add information to pollen studies for species of Caesalpinioideae occurring in the area. The pollen grains were acetolysed, measured, described qualitatively and illustrated under light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (not acetolysed pollen grains). Pollen metric data were examined by descriptive and multivariate analysis. The studied species showed differences on the pollen units (monads or polyads) and variations in number and distribution of pollen grains in the polyads. Three pollen types were observed: type I, pollen grains in monads (Plathymenia reticulata); type II, polyads with one tapered end (drop shape – Calliandra parviflora); type III, polyads with uniform ends with asymmetrically distributed pollen grains (Stryphnodendron species); or symmetrically (with 16 or 20 pollen grains in Acacia plumosa, Albizia niopoides, Anadenanthera species, Inga marginata, Inga vera and Senegalia species and more than 20 pollen grains in Enterolobium contortisiliquum, Inga edulis and Inga sessilis). The qualitative differences and the measuremets of the diameters of the polyads, made it possible to distinguish the taxa and to confirm the eurypalynous character of the mimosoid clade (Caesalpinioideae, Fabaceae).","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43566421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-14DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2021.1990399
Ha-na Choi, S. Mitsuyama, Kweon Heo
Abstract The genus Kirengeshoma, in the family Hydrangeaceae, is considered by some botanists to be monotypic while others divide it into two species, K. palmata, native to Japan and China, and K. koreana, native to South Korea. We have conducted a comparative pollen morphological study of five populations of the two putative species to investigate this question. Pollen morphological characteristics were observed with scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The pollen characteristics of all five populations were similar. All populations dispersed pollen as the monad and the pollen grain shape were either spheroidal or sub-spheroidal and approximately 12 to 18 µm in diameter, falling in the small grain category. In all five populations, the pollen grains were iso-polar and radio-symmetrical, with tri-colporate apertures. Additionally, pollen surface sculpture patterns of all populations were semi-tectate and reticulate. As a result, the two putative species differed in that the pollen grains of K. palmata were smaller, and their endexine slightly thicker, than those of K. koreana. Despite these differences, we conclude that the similar pollen morphology of all the populations does not support separating them into two independent species. However, different species of angiosperms often have similar pollen morphology. Therefore, we suggest that the genus should be considered to consist of these two independent species unless further morphological or molecular evidence to the contrary is forthcoming.
{"title":"Comparative pollen morphology of the Kirengeshoma (Hydrangeaceae)","authors":"Ha-na Choi, S. Mitsuyama, Kweon Heo","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2021.1990399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2021.1990399","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The genus Kirengeshoma, in the family Hydrangeaceae, is considered by some botanists to be monotypic while others divide it into two species, K. palmata, native to Japan and China, and K. koreana, native to South Korea. We have conducted a comparative pollen morphological study of five populations of the two putative species to investigate this question. Pollen morphological characteristics were observed with scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The pollen characteristics of all five populations were similar. All populations dispersed pollen as the monad and the pollen grain shape were either spheroidal or sub-spheroidal and approximately 12 to 18 µm in diameter, falling in the small grain category. In all five populations, the pollen grains were iso-polar and radio-symmetrical, with tri-colporate apertures. Additionally, pollen surface sculpture patterns of all populations were semi-tectate and reticulate. As a result, the two putative species differed in that the pollen grains of K. palmata were smaller, and their endexine slightly thicker, than those of K. koreana. Despite these differences, we conclude that the similar pollen morphology of all the populations does not support separating them into two independent species. However, different species of angiosperms often have similar pollen morphology. Therefore, we suggest that the genus should be considered to consist of these two independent species unless further morphological or molecular evidence to the contrary is forthcoming.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48431323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-11DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2021.1976825
M. Sevindik, H. Akgül, A. Tosunoglu
Abstract The present study aimed to determine the fungal spores and their concentrations in the atmosphere of Mardin (southeast Turkey) in 2014 and 2015 using the volumetric method. A total of 43 taxa, hyphal fragments, and single septate ascospores were identified by light microscopy. It was determined that the dominant fungal spores included Cladosporium (51.5%), Ustilaginales species spores (13.9%), Alternaria (6.9%), Pucciniales species spores (1.6%), Agrocybe (1.2%), Pleospora (1.1%) and hyphal fragments (15.5%). The highest atmospheric spore concentrations were observed in May and the lowest levels were determined in February in both years. Dry air spores constituted a significant ratio of the total count (73.9%) in the atmosphere of Mardin. There were significant positive correlations between atmospheric concentrations of Alternaria, Cladosporium, Ustilaginales, and Pucciniales spores and temperatures. There were significant negative correlations between airborne fungal spore concentrations and daily mean humidity. There was a significant negative correlation between Agrocybe spore concentrations and daily mean temperature and a significant positive correlation between the same and humidity and precipitation. No significant correlation was determined between the meteorological variables and Pleospora and Aspergillus/Penicillium spore concentrations.
{"title":"Temporal variations in fungal spores in Mardin city atmosphere, upper Mesopotamia, SE-Turkey","authors":"M. Sevindik, H. Akgül, A. Tosunoglu","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2021.1976825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2021.1976825","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present study aimed to determine the fungal spores and their concentrations in the atmosphere of Mardin (southeast Turkey) in 2014 and 2015 using the volumetric method. A total of 43 taxa, hyphal fragments, and single septate ascospores were identified by light microscopy. It was determined that the dominant fungal spores included Cladosporium (51.5%), Ustilaginales species spores (13.9%), Alternaria (6.9%), Pucciniales species spores (1.6%), Agrocybe (1.2%), Pleospora (1.1%) and hyphal fragments (15.5%). The highest atmospheric spore concentrations were observed in May and the lowest levels were determined in February in both years. Dry air spores constituted a significant ratio of the total count (73.9%) in the atmosphere of Mardin. There were significant positive correlations between atmospheric concentrations of Alternaria, Cladosporium, Ustilaginales, and Pucciniales spores and temperatures. There were significant negative correlations between airborne fungal spore concentrations and daily mean humidity. There was a significant negative correlation between Agrocybe spore concentrations and daily mean temperature and a significant positive correlation between the same and humidity and precipitation. No significant correlation was determined between the meteorological variables and Pleospora and Aspergillus/Penicillium spore concentrations.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46542037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-19DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2021.1944303
Funda Özbek, N. M. Pınar, M. Uzunhisarcıklı, M. Ekici
Abstract Pollen morphology of 73 taxa belonging to the genus Scrophularia L. (Scrophulariaceae) distributed in Turkey is examined with light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine their properties and assess their taxonomic significance. The pollen grains of Scrophularia are radially symmetrical and isopolar. Their shape is oblate-spheroidal, suboblate, and prolate-spheroidal, with the polar axis ranging from 16.56 µm to 32.88 µm and the equatorial axis ranging from 18.24 µm to 35.52 µm. The aperture type is usually trizonocolporate but is rarely tetracolporate and trisyncolporate. Four types of exine ornamentation are observed: microreticulate, reticulate, microreticulate-rugulate, and suprareticulate. Numerical analysis reveals that pollen dimensions and exine sculpturing are the most useful diagnostic variables for discriminating Scrophularia taxa. Results also show a partial relationship between the Scrophularia taxa clustered on the basis of pollen morphology and the systematics of these taxa on the basis of general macromorphology.
{"title":"A palynological survey of the genus Scrophularia L. (Scrophulariaceae) from Turkey","authors":"Funda Özbek, N. M. Pınar, M. Uzunhisarcıklı, M. Ekici","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2021.1944303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2021.1944303","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Pollen morphology of 73 taxa belonging to the genus Scrophularia L. (Scrophulariaceae) distributed in Turkey is examined with light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine their properties and assess their taxonomic significance. The pollen grains of Scrophularia are radially symmetrical and isopolar. Their shape is oblate-spheroidal, suboblate, and prolate-spheroidal, with the polar axis ranging from 16.56 µm to 32.88 µm and the equatorial axis ranging from 18.24 µm to 35.52 µm. The aperture type is usually trizonocolporate but is rarely tetracolporate and trisyncolporate. Four types of exine ornamentation are observed: microreticulate, reticulate, microreticulate-rugulate, and suprareticulate. Numerical analysis reveals that pollen dimensions and exine sculpturing are the most useful diagnostic variables for discriminating Scrophularia taxa. Results also show a partial relationship between the Scrophularia taxa clustered on the basis of pollen morphology and the systematics of these taxa on the basis of general macromorphology.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46031208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-07DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2021.1944301
Jungang Peng, S. Slater, V. Vajda
Abstract Staurosaccites, a highly distinctive pollen genus, ranges from the late Anisian (Pelsonian; Middle Triassic) to the Norian, at low to mid latitudes, globally. Here we review the systematic taxonomy and spatial and temporal ranges of Staurosaccites. We provide an emendation to S. tharipatharensis, synonymise S. minutus with the type species S. quadrifidus, and retain the species S. quadrifidus, S. tharipatharensis, S. densus and S. marginalis. Following comparison with morphologically similar pollen and environmental reconstructions of the habitat of its parent plant, we hypothesise that Staurosaccites was produced by a conifer that was likely adapted to warm and humid conditions. Based on occurrences of diagnostic taxa for the Onslow and Ipswich microfloral provinces in the Southern Hemisphere (Staurosaccites, Camerosporites, Enzonalasporites, Infernopollenites and Ovalipollis), we show that these palynofloras were established in the Middle Triassic. Our findings further suggest that, based on the presence of diagnostic taxa in western Laurasia and their absence in eastern Laurasia, western and eastern Laurasia represent different palynofloral provinces in the Middle Triassic.
{"title":"A review of the Triassic pollen Staurosaccites: systematic and phytogeographical implications","authors":"Jungang Peng, S. Slater, V. Vajda","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2021.1944301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2021.1944301","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Staurosaccites, a highly distinctive pollen genus, ranges from the late Anisian (Pelsonian; Middle Triassic) to the Norian, at low to mid latitudes, globally. Here we review the systematic taxonomy and spatial and temporal ranges of Staurosaccites. We provide an emendation to S. tharipatharensis, synonymise S. minutus with the type species S. quadrifidus, and retain the species S. quadrifidus, S. tharipatharensis, S. densus and S. marginalis. Following comparison with morphologically similar pollen and environmental reconstructions of the habitat of its parent plant, we hypothesise that Staurosaccites was produced by a conifer that was likely adapted to warm and humid conditions. Based on occurrences of diagnostic taxa for the Onslow and Ipswich microfloral provinces in the Southern Hemisphere (Staurosaccites, Camerosporites, Enzonalasporites, Infernopollenites and Ovalipollis), we show that these palynofloras were established in the Middle Triassic. Our findings further suggest that, based on the presence of diagnostic taxa in western Laurasia and their absence in eastern Laurasia, western and eastern Laurasia represent different palynofloral provinces in the Middle Triassic.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43343249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-29DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2021.1960420
Simone Cartaxo-Pinto, G. C. Paulo, B. Jackes, V. Gonçalves-Esteves, C. B. Mendonça
Abstract The tribe Viteae comprises about 200 species and is represented by the genera Vitis and Ampelocissus. Vitis is the most studied genus within the grape family (Vitaceae) because of the global economic importance of its fruits and derived products. This study examined the palynology of Ampelocissus and Vitis species belonging to the tribe Viteae to identify pollen characters that may contribute to the taxonomic and morphological characterisation of Ampelocissus. Pollen specimens were obtained from herbaria, treated by the acetolysis method, measured, photographed, and described using light and scanning electron microscopy. In the analysed species, pollen grains were isopolar or heteropolar, medium-sized, tricolporate, oblate spheroidal to subprolate. Ornamentation patterns differed among species, with examples of bireticulate, microreticulate, perforate, reticulate, and rugulate sexine. These characters were used for the development of a pollen key to the genera. Principal component analysis revealed that quantitative pollen characters were the most important for group discrimination. This study contributes to the palynological knowledge of some undescribed species and provides novel palynotaxonomic information on the family Vitaceae.
{"title":"A palynological perspective on the tribe Viteae of the grape family (Vitaceae)","authors":"Simone Cartaxo-Pinto, G. C. Paulo, B. Jackes, V. Gonçalves-Esteves, C. B. Mendonça","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2021.1960420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2021.1960420","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The tribe Viteae comprises about 200 species and is represented by the genera Vitis and Ampelocissus. Vitis is the most studied genus within the grape family (Vitaceae) because of the global economic importance of its fruits and derived products. This study examined the palynology of Ampelocissus and Vitis species belonging to the tribe Viteae to identify pollen characters that may contribute to the taxonomic and morphological characterisation of Ampelocissus. Pollen specimens were obtained from herbaria, treated by the acetolysis method, measured, photographed, and described using light and scanning electron microscopy. In the analysed species, pollen grains were isopolar or heteropolar, medium-sized, tricolporate, oblate spheroidal to subprolate. Ornamentation patterns differed among species, with examples of bireticulate, microreticulate, perforate, reticulate, and rugulate sexine. These characters were used for the development of a pollen key to the genera. Principal component analysis revealed that quantitative pollen characters were the most important for group discrimination. This study contributes to the palynological knowledge of some undescribed species and provides novel palynotaxonomic information on the family Vitaceae.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45940442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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