Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2021.1942976
J. A. López-Sáez, R. Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, S. Pérez‐Díaz
The Manantial de las Queseras mire (40o 16′ 59.82′′ N, 4o 55ʹ 15.28′′ W; size c. 0.054 ha; 1295 m above sea level [a.s.l.]) lies on the southeastern slope of the ‘Sierra de Cabeza Aguda’ in the eastern part of the Gredos Range (Pedro Bernardo, Ávila). The area experiences a Mediterranean climate with dry and warm summers and rainy winter months, influenced by the Atlantic winds from the west. The average annual temperature is 14 °C and the annual precipitation is 1400 mm. The most representative plant communities of the area are maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) woodlands, and isolated Pinus nigra Arnold subsp. salzmannii (Dunal) Franco and Pinus sylvestris L. trees (López-Sáez et al. 2019). The uppermost areas (1600–2008 m a.s.l.) are occupied by broom communities of Cytisus oromediterraneus Rivas-Martínez, Díaz, Prieto, Loidi & Penas and Echinospartum barnadesii (Graells) Rothm. (LópezSáez et al. 2016). Riparian forests are characterised by black alder (Alnus glutinosa [L.] Gaertn.) and Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. The mire vegetation is composed mainly of Sphagnum sp., Carex nigra (L.) Reich. and Drosera rotundifolia L. The bedrock is old siliceous basement made up mainly of LateHercynian granites.
{"title":"57. Manantial de las Queseras, Gregos Range (central Spain)","authors":"J. A. López-Sáez, R. Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, S. Pérez‐Díaz","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2021.1942976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2021.1942976","url":null,"abstract":"The Manantial de las Queseras mire (40o 16′ 59.82′′ N, 4o 55ʹ 15.28′′ W; size c. 0.054 ha; 1295 m above sea level [a.s.l.]) lies on the southeastern slope of the ‘Sierra de Cabeza Aguda’ in the eastern part of the Gredos Range (Pedro Bernardo, Ávila). The area experiences a Mediterranean climate with dry and warm summers and rainy winter months, influenced by the Atlantic winds from the west. The average annual temperature is 14 °C and the annual precipitation is 1400 mm. The most representative plant communities of the area are maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) woodlands, and isolated Pinus nigra Arnold subsp. salzmannii (Dunal) Franco and Pinus sylvestris L. trees (López-Sáez et al. 2019). The uppermost areas (1600–2008 m a.s.l.) are occupied by broom communities of Cytisus oromediterraneus Rivas-Martínez, Díaz, Prieto, Loidi & Penas and Echinospartum barnadesii (Graells) Rothm. (LópezSáez et al. 2016). Riparian forests are characterised by black alder (Alnus glutinosa [L.] Gaertn.) and Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. The mire vegetation is composed mainly of Sphagnum sp., Carex nigra (L.) Reich. and Drosera rotundifolia L. The bedrock is old siliceous basement made up mainly of LateHercynian granites.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44564533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-04DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2021.1923798
Gabriela Cristina Sakugawa, I. Cordeiro, Allan Carlos Pscheidt, Monica Lanzoni Rossi, Adriana Pinheiro Martinelli, Cynthia Fernandes Pinto da Luz
Abstract Pollen grains of 23 species distributed in 15 genera and represented by 64 specimens were analysed using light and scanning electron microscopy to characterise the neotropical genera of Hippomaneae. Five of these species are palynologically characterised for the first time. Hippomaneae pollen is shed in monads, being small to large, isopolar, oblate-spheroidal to prolate, with an amb ranging from circular, three-lobed to distinctly three-lobed, tricolporate, very long colpi (except for Hura crepitans in which is long), margo psilate (rugulate only in Colliguaja brasiliensis), narrow to wide, and endoapertures circular, lalongate to very lalongate, with costae. Sexine thicker than the nexine. Sexine is psilate-perforate except for Algernonia brasiliensis, C. brasiliensis, Gymnanthes multiramea, G. schottiana, Microstachys corniculata, Pleradenophora membranifolia, and Sebastiania brasiliensis where it is microreticulate. Only in M. corniculata the sexine is separated from the nexine at the mesocolpus, forming a cavea. Although the Hippomaneae are considered stenopalynous in the literature, our results showed variation between species and genera groups, reinforcing the relevance of pollen morphology in the systematics of this tribe.
{"title":"Palynotaxonomy of tribe Hippomaneae A. Juss. (Euphorbioideae, Euphorbiaceae)","authors":"Gabriela Cristina Sakugawa, I. Cordeiro, Allan Carlos Pscheidt, Monica Lanzoni Rossi, Adriana Pinheiro Martinelli, Cynthia Fernandes Pinto da Luz","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2021.1923798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2021.1923798","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Pollen grains of 23 species distributed in 15 genera and represented by 64 specimens were analysed using light and scanning electron microscopy to characterise the neotropical genera of Hippomaneae. Five of these species are palynologically characterised for the first time. Hippomaneae pollen is shed in monads, being small to large, isopolar, oblate-spheroidal to prolate, with an amb ranging from circular, three-lobed to distinctly three-lobed, tricolporate, very long colpi (except for Hura crepitans in which is long), margo psilate (rugulate only in Colliguaja brasiliensis), narrow to wide, and endoapertures circular, lalongate to very lalongate, with costae. Sexine thicker than the nexine. Sexine is psilate-perforate except for Algernonia brasiliensis, C. brasiliensis, Gymnanthes multiramea, G. schottiana, Microstachys corniculata, Pleradenophora membranifolia, and Sebastiania brasiliensis where it is microreticulate. Only in M. corniculata the sexine is separated from the nexine at the mesocolpus, forming a cavea. Although the Hippomaneae are considered stenopalynous in the literature, our results showed variation between species and genera groups, reinforcing the relevance of pollen morphology in the systematics of this tribe.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00173134.2021.1923798","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41290048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-03DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2021.1950829
G. E. E. El Ghazali
Abstract Amaranthaceae s.lat. is a stenopalynous family showing, in contrast, a considerable phenotypic diversity for macromorhological characters. A total of one quantitative and seven qualitative characters were reviewed in an attempt to assess their taxonomic implications. The presence of unique shape class, pore membrane sculpturing, anulopunctate tectum and pore borders clearly distinguished the subfamilies Amaranthoideae and Gomphrenoideae (Amaranthaceae sensu stricto) from the rest of the subfamilies of Amaranthaceae s.lat. Metareticulate exines are present exclusively in the subfamily Gomphrenoideae, in one genus of the subfamily Corispermoideae and encountered in one species – belonging to subfamily Polycnemoideae. Pore numbers although reported as a useful diagnostic feature, showed considerable intra-specific variation. The two basic pollen-types (Amaranthus-type and Gomphrena-type) within the subfamilies Amaranthoideae and Gomphrenoideae are quite distinct and gained broad acceptance, whereas the pollen types investigated for the rest of the subfamilies (belonging to Chenopodiaceae) are diverse and intricate. With the exception of Anthochlamys-type (related to Gomphrena-type), it was noticed that either members of one type constitute members of different subfamilies, or members of the same subfamily were scattered in different pollen-types, highlighting difficulties in recognising distinctive pollen-types in these subfamilies. The pollen-types within the subfamilies Betoideae, Camphrosomoideae, Chenopodioideae, Corispermoideae, Salicornioideae, Salsoloideae, Suaedoideae and Polycnemoideae are diverse and do not support their differentiation. Members of the subfamily Polycnemoideae share similarities with Amaranthaceae s.str. rather than members of the family Chenopodiaceae.
{"title":"Pollen morphological studies in Amaranthaceae s.lat. (incl. Chenopodiaceae) and their taxonomic significance: A review","authors":"G. E. E. El Ghazali","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2021.1950829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2021.1950829","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Amaranthaceae s.lat. is a stenopalynous family showing, in contrast, a considerable phenotypic diversity for macromorhological characters. A total of one quantitative and seven qualitative characters were reviewed in an attempt to assess their taxonomic implications. The presence of unique shape class, pore membrane sculpturing, anulopunctate tectum and pore borders clearly distinguished the subfamilies Amaranthoideae and Gomphrenoideae (Amaranthaceae sensu stricto) from the rest of the subfamilies of Amaranthaceae s.lat. Metareticulate exines are present exclusively in the subfamily Gomphrenoideae, in one genus of the subfamily Corispermoideae and encountered in one species – belonging to subfamily Polycnemoideae. Pore numbers although reported as a useful diagnostic feature, showed considerable intra-specific variation. The two basic pollen-types (Amaranthus-type and Gomphrena-type) within the subfamilies Amaranthoideae and Gomphrenoideae are quite distinct and gained broad acceptance, whereas the pollen types investigated for the rest of the subfamilies (belonging to Chenopodiaceae) are diverse and intricate. With the exception of Anthochlamys-type (related to Gomphrena-type), it was noticed that either members of one type constitute members of different subfamilies, or members of the same subfamily were scattered in different pollen-types, highlighting difficulties in recognising distinctive pollen-types in these subfamilies. The pollen-types within the subfamilies Betoideae, Camphrosomoideae, Chenopodioideae, Corispermoideae, Salicornioideae, Salsoloideae, Suaedoideae and Polycnemoideae are diverse and do not support their differentiation. Members of the subfamily Polycnemoideae share similarities with Amaranthaceae s.str. rather than members of the family Chenopodiaceae.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00173134.2021.1950829","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45829284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-27DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2021.1944302
Natalia Ryabogina, Elena Marinova, M. Rösch
Bodensee-Untersee, the smaller part of Lake Constance, covers an area of 62 km between Konstanz and Stein am Rhein and is divided into several basins by peninsulas and the Island Reichenau. The northeastern basin is Gnadensee, with an area of about 10 km, a maximum depth of 20 m, and a water table at 394 m above sea level (a.s.l.). Only minor tributaries flow into Gnadensee coming from the Bodanrück peninsula to the north (elevation up to 600 m a.s.l.). The climate is sub-oceanic, with annual average temperatures of 9 °C and annual precipitation of 750 mm. The potential natural vegetation in the lake catchment would be deciduous forest dominated by Fagus sylvatica L. with Abies alba Mill., Quercus petraea Liebl., Quercus robur L., Acer pseudoplatanus L., Fraxinus excelsior L., Ulmus glabra Huds., Carpinus betulus L., locally Tilia cordata Mill., Tilia platyphyllos Scop. and a rich and diverse shrub and herb layer. Today, Gnadensee is surrounded by densely settled cultural landscape and therefore the vegetation is strongly influenced by agriculture and urbanisation, except for the extended wetlands to the east belonging to the nature reserve ‘Wollmatinger Ried–Untersee–Gnadensee’. Recently, several pollen profiles have been studied in this area (Rösch et al. 2021); the closest pollen profiles come from: Mainau, 9.5 km to the east, Mindelsee, 6.5 km to the northwest, and Hornstaad, 4.5 km to the west.
{"title":"56. Gnadensee","authors":"Natalia Ryabogina, Elena Marinova, M. Rösch","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2021.1944302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2021.1944302","url":null,"abstract":"Bodensee-Untersee, the smaller part of Lake Constance, covers an area of 62 km between Konstanz and Stein am Rhein and is divided into several basins by peninsulas and the Island Reichenau. The northeastern basin is Gnadensee, with an area of about 10 km, a maximum depth of 20 m, and a water table at 394 m above sea level (a.s.l.). Only minor tributaries flow into Gnadensee coming from the Bodanrück peninsula to the north (elevation up to 600 m a.s.l.). The climate is sub-oceanic, with annual average temperatures of 9 °C and annual precipitation of 750 mm. The potential natural vegetation in the lake catchment would be deciduous forest dominated by Fagus sylvatica L. with Abies alba Mill., Quercus petraea Liebl., Quercus robur L., Acer pseudoplatanus L., Fraxinus excelsior L., Ulmus glabra Huds., Carpinus betulus L., locally Tilia cordata Mill., Tilia platyphyllos Scop. and a rich and diverse shrub and herb layer. Today, Gnadensee is surrounded by densely settled cultural landscape and therefore the vegetation is strongly influenced by agriculture and urbanisation, except for the extended wetlands to the east belonging to the nature reserve ‘Wollmatinger Ried–Untersee–Gnadensee’. Recently, several pollen profiles have been studied in this area (Rösch et al. 2021); the closest pollen profiles come from: Mainau, 9.5 km to the east, Mindelsee, 6.5 km to the northwest, and Hornstaad, 4.5 km to the west.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00173134.2021.1944302","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48033323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-05DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2021.1910726
Dayanand Dalawai, H. N. Murthy
Abstract Light and scanning electron microscopic studies of pollen and seeds were carried out for nine species of Andrographis (Acanthaceae) from India. Pollen in all species is isopolar, radially symmetric and tricolporate with elongated apertures, oblate-spheroidal in A. ovata, prolate-spheroidal in A. alata, prolate in A. echioides and A. macrobotrys to sub-prolate in A. lineata var. lawii, A. lineata var. lineata, A. paniculata, A. producta and A. serpyllifolia and lobate-circular to triangular amb. Surface ornamentation is bireticulate except in A. alata, which has microperforate and spinulate tectum. Seeds are obovoid, oblongoid, subquadrate or ellipsoid in shape. The seed coat is covered with hair in A. ovata and with echinate protuberances in A. echioides and A. serpyllifolia. The pollen characteristics of A. echioides including the colporate apertures, prolate shape, bireticulate tectum and verrucate aperture membrane are support an inclusion of this species in Andrographis, rather than considering it as Indoneesiella echioides, which has been the subject of much debate.
{"title":"Pollen and seed morphology of selected species of Andrographis (Acanthaceae) from India","authors":"Dayanand Dalawai, H. N. Murthy","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2021.1910726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2021.1910726","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Light and scanning electron microscopic studies of pollen and seeds were carried out for nine species of Andrographis (Acanthaceae) from India. Pollen in all species is isopolar, radially symmetric and tricolporate with elongated apertures, oblate-spheroidal in A. ovata, prolate-spheroidal in A. alata, prolate in A. echioides and A. macrobotrys to sub-prolate in A. lineata var. lawii, A. lineata var. lineata, A. paniculata, A. producta and A. serpyllifolia and lobate-circular to triangular amb. Surface ornamentation is bireticulate except in A. alata, which has microperforate and spinulate tectum. Seeds are obovoid, oblongoid, subquadrate or ellipsoid in shape. The seed coat is covered with hair in A. ovata and with echinate protuberances in A. echioides and A. serpyllifolia. The pollen characteristics of A. echioides including the colporate apertures, prolate shape, bireticulate tectum and verrucate aperture membrane are support an inclusion of this species in Andrographis, rather than considering it as Indoneesiella echioides, which has been the subject of much debate.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00173134.2021.1910726","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43139458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-15DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2021.1902562
S. Tonkov, G. Possnert
The glacial Lake Ribno Banderishko (41° 44ʹ 17.66′′ N, 28° 24ʹ 53.86′′ E; 2190 m above sea level [a.s.l.]) is situated in the subalpine belt of the northern Pirin Mountains. The lake has an elongated shape, 384 m long and 230 m wide, with a water surface of 6.5 ha. The maximum water depth is 14.2 m. The lake is fed by several upper lakes and its watershed is 3.08 km. The slopes are steep and stony, covered by groups of Pinus mugo Turra and Juniperus sibirica Burgsd. within patches of herb vegetation, with the exception of the eastern slope where there is a flat strip 20 m wide (Ivanov 1964). The vegetation comprises several vertical belts. The deciduous forest belt (1000‒1500 m a.s.l.) is fragmented, represented by communities of Fagus sylvatica L., mixed in some areas with Abies alba Mill., Pinus nigra Arnold and Picea abies (L.) Karst. The coniferous forest belt (1500‒2000 m a.s.l.) is well-developed, composed of Pinus sylvestris L., the Balkan endemic Pinus peuce Griseb., Picea abies and the relict communities of the Balkan subendemic Pinus heldreichii H. Christ which occur exclusively on limestone substrates. Stands of Abies alba are also found. The subalpine belt (2000‒ 2500 m a.s.l.) is dominated by thick impenetrable stands of Pinus mugo with Juniperus sibirica and Vaccinium myrtillus L. A characteristic feature of the modern vegetation is the presence of a large group of Balkan and Bulgarian endemics, including 30 local endemics (Tonkov et al. 2002). The Pirin Mountains are a large anticline, its granite centre overlain by Palaeozoic metamorphic rocks. The northern part, which was glaciated during the Quaternary occupies 74% of the total area and is composed of granite, crystalline schist and marble (Galabov et al. 1977). Above 1000 m a.s.l. the climate is typically montane and the annual amount of precipitation is 800‒1250 mm with a maximum in November–December, much of which is snow above 1500 m a.s.l. (Tishkov 1976).
冰川湖Ribno Banderishko（北纬41°44°17.66′′，东经28°24°53.86′′；海拔2190米[a.s.l]）位于皮林山脉北部的亚高山带。该湖呈细长形状，长384米，宽230米，水面6.5公顷。最大水深为14.2米。该湖由几个上游湖泊供水，分水岭为3.08公里。斜坡陡峭，多石，覆盖着松柏和西伯利亚杜松。草本植被斑块内，但东坡除外，那里有一条20米宽的平坦地带（Ivanov 1964）。植被由几个垂直带组成。落叶林带（海拔1000-1500米）是分散的，以Fagus sylvatica l.群落为代表，在一些地区与Abies alba Mill混合。，黑松和云杉喀斯特。针叶林带（1500-2000 m a.s.l.）发育良好，由樟子松、巴尔干特有的白皮松组成。，云杉和巴尔干亚标准松的残余群落，仅出现在石灰岩基底上。还发现了冷杉林。亚高山带（2000-2500 m a.s.l.）主要由茂密的木松、西伯利亚杜松和越橘组成。现代植被的一个特征是存在大量巴尔干和保加利亚特有种，包括30种当地特有种（Tonkov等人，2002）。皮林山脉是一个大型背斜，其花岗岩中心覆盖着古生代变质岩。北部在第四纪被冰川覆盖，占总面积的74%，由花岗岩、结晶片岩和大理石组成（Galabov等人，1977）。海拔1000米以上的气候通常是山地气候，年降水量为800-1250毫米，11月至12月最大，其中大部分是海拔1500米以上的雪（Tishkov 1976）。
{"title":"55. Lake Ribno Banderishko, Pirin Mountains (Bulgaria)","authors":"S. Tonkov, G. Possnert","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2021.1902562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2021.1902562","url":null,"abstract":"The glacial Lake Ribno Banderishko (41° 44ʹ 17.66′′ N, 28° 24ʹ 53.86′′ E; 2190 m above sea level [a.s.l.]) is situated in the subalpine belt of the northern Pirin Mountains. The lake has an elongated shape, 384 m long and 230 m wide, with a water surface of 6.5 ha. The maximum water depth is 14.2 m. The lake is fed by several upper lakes and its watershed is 3.08 km. The slopes are steep and stony, covered by groups of Pinus mugo Turra and Juniperus sibirica Burgsd. within patches of herb vegetation, with the exception of the eastern slope where there is a flat strip 20 m wide (Ivanov 1964). The vegetation comprises several vertical belts. The deciduous forest belt (1000‒1500 m a.s.l.) is fragmented, represented by communities of Fagus sylvatica L., mixed in some areas with Abies alba Mill., Pinus nigra Arnold and Picea abies (L.) Karst. The coniferous forest belt (1500‒2000 m a.s.l.) is well-developed, composed of Pinus sylvestris L., the Balkan endemic Pinus peuce Griseb., Picea abies and the relict communities of the Balkan subendemic Pinus heldreichii H. Christ which occur exclusively on limestone substrates. Stands of Abies alba are also found. The subalpine belt (2000‒ 2500 m a.s.l.) is dominated by thick impenetrable stands of Pinus mugo with Juniperus sibirica and Vaccinium myrtillus L. A characteristic feature of the modern vegetation is the presence of a large group of Balkan and Bulgarian endemics, including 30 local endemics (Tonkov et al. 2002). The Pirin Mountains are a large anticline, its granite centre overlain by Palaeozoic metamorphic rocks. The northern part, which was glaciated during the Quaternary occupies 74% of the total area and is composed of granite, crystalline schist and marble (Galabov et al. 1977). Above 1000 m a.s.l. the climate is typically montane and the annual amount of precipitation is 800‒1250 mm with a maximum in November–December, much of which is snow above 1500 m a.s.l. (Tishkov 1976).","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00173134.2021.1902562","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49213779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-09DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2021.1912820
Hamza Aydin, Duygu Sari, H. Sari, Tuba Eker, C. Aykurt, C. Toker
Abstract Morphological data from light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of pollen and seeds are used to explore phylogenetic relationships between four taxa of cultivated and wild Pisum including P. sativum subsp. sativum var. sativum and var. arvense, P. sativum subsp. elatius and P. fulvum. Characteristics investigated include pollen shapes and ornamentation, polar axis (P) and equatorial diameter (E), P/E ratio, exine thickness (Ex) and intine thickness (In), lumina diameter (L), muri thickness (M) and seed coat ornamentations in three accessions each of the four taxa. Pollen of Pisum is subprolate, reticulate and tricolporate. Ratios of P/E of the cultivated peas are higher than those of the wild species while diameter of lumina in the cultivated peas is smaller than that of the wild species. The cultivated pea has a smooth seed coat, in contrast to the rough surface of the wild species. The results of SEM micrographs reveal that seed coat ornamentation in each four-taxon set is typical papillose with thicker ribs than in the wild specimens. Differences in corolla colour, even among the five petals, are also noted for the taxa studied. The results suggest that pollen shapes and ornamentation are of limited taxonomic significance, while the seed coat ornamentation may be important for distinguishing taxa of Pisum.
{"title":"Phylogenetic relationships among Pisum L. species from Asia Minor inferred from pollen and seed coat morphology","authors":"Hamza Aydin, Duygu Sari, H. Sari, Tuba Eker, C. Aykurt, C. Toker","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2021.1912820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2021.1912820","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Morphological data from light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of pollen and seeds are used to explore phylogenetic relationships between four taxa of cultivated and wild Pisum including P. sativum subsp. sativum var. sativum and var. arvense, P. sativum subsp. elatius and P. fulvum. Characteristics investigated include pollen shapes and ornamentation, polar axis (P) and equatorial diameter (E), P/E ratio, exine thickness (Ex) and intine thickness (In), lumina diameter (L), muri thickness (M) and seed coat ornamentations in three accessions each of the four taxa. Pollen of Pisum is subprolate, reticulate and tricolporate. Ratios of P/E of the cultivated peas are higher than those of the wild species while diameter of lumina in the cultivated peas is smaller than that of the wild species. The cultivated pea has a smooth seed coat, in contrast to the rough surface of the wild species. The results of SEM micrographs reveal that seed coat ornamentation in each four-taxon set is typical papillose with thicker ribs than in the wild specimens. Differences in corolla colour, even among the five petals, are also noted for the taxa studied. The results suggest that pollen shapes and ornamentation are of limited taxonomic significance, while the seed coat ornamentation may be important for distinguishing taxa of Pisum.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00173134.2021.1912820","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43775451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-17DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2021.1882556
Valéria Leobina dos Santos, C. Nievola, A. O. Fidalgo, S. Kanashiro, M. G. Wanderley, E. Gomes, C. D. da Luz
Abstract The present study describes the floral morphology and evaluates pollen viability for the bromeliad Nidularium minutum Mez. during the flowering period 2018‒2019 through histochemistry and pollen germination tests. The inflorescences are nidular, capituliform with short branches bearing two to three odourless, bisexual and greenish-white flowers and with an androecium shorter than the gynoecium, consisting of six stamens with anthers featuring rimose dehiscence. The ovules are anatropous, displaying a small appendage in the chalazal region. The first flower opened in late November 2018 and flowering peak was in January 2019. Anthesis started at 6:55 a.m. and lasted until 8:49 a.m. Pollen/ovule ratio indicates facultative autogamy. The pollen grains are monads, medium to large, 2-(3)-porate, reticulate heterobrochate with abundant pollenkitt. A high frequency of unviable pollen grains with discrepant sizes was observed. The mature pollen grain is considered recalcitrant and therefore sensitive to desiccation. In vitro pollen germination after 48 hours was higher in BKM medium (64.77%) compared to SM (38.51%). Pollen viability was overestimated in all histochemistry tests, with Alexander (72.46%) being the closest to the in vitro germination rate. The results obtained for N. minutum bring new information about its floral biology as a subsidy to the cultivation of ornamental bromeliads that are at risk of extinction.
{"title":"Floral morphology and pollen viability of an endangered and endemic Bromeliaceae species from the Atlantic Forest","authors":"Valéria Leobina dos Santos, C. Nievola, A. O. Fidalgo, S. Kanashiro, M. G. Wanderley, E. Gomes, C. D. da Luz","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2021.1882556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2021.1882556","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present study describes the floral morphology and evaluates pollen viability for the bromeliad Nidularium minutum Mez. during the flowering period 2018‒2019 through histochemistry and pollen germination tests. The inflorescences are nidular, capituliform with short branches bearing two to three odourless, bisexual and greenish-white flowers and with an androecium shorter than the gynoecium, consisting of six stamens with anthers featuring rimose dehiscence. The ovules are anatropous, displaying a small appendage in the chalazal region. The first flower opened in late November 2018 and flowering peak was in January 2019. Anthesis started at 6:55 a.m. and lasted until 8:49 a.m. Pollen/ovule ratio indicates facultative autogamy. The pollen grains are monads, medium to large, 2-(3)-porate, reticulate heterobrochate with abundant pollenkitt. A high frequency of unviable pollen grains with discrepant sizes was observed. The mature pollen grain is considered recalcitrant and therefore sensitive to desiccation. In vitro pollen germination after 48 hours was higher in BKM medium (64.77%) compared to SM (38.51%). Pollen viability was overestimated in all histochemistry tests, with Alexander (72.46%) being the closest to the in vitro germination rate. The results obtained for N. minutum bring new information about its floral biology as a subsidy to the cultivation of ornamental bromeliads that are at risk of extinction.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00173134.2021.1882556","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48146157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-05DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2021.1882555
A. A. L. Pimentel, M. Absy, A. Rech, Vanessa Holanda Righetti de Abreu
Abstract Undoubtedly, Melipona bees are the most widely managed native American bee species for the production of honey and related products. These bees have been reared since before the arrival of Europeans on the continent. Despite being considered generalists due to their life histories, each stingless bee species has food preferences easily adapting to the available resources. Seeking to contribute to the understanding of the food ecology of Melipona bees, 17 pollen samples from six species found in natural nests along the Rio Negro were analysed. The pollen material was homogenised and prepared following the standard acetolysis technique. Relative frequency, the similarity between diets and correlation of diets with bee body size were determined. Thirty-two pollen types (17 botanical families) were identified, 13 of which were considered attractive, while six promoted temporary specialisation events. The results reaffirmed the potential generalist pattern of these bees with temporary specialisation events, being strongly influenced by local conditions. The diversity of pollen types per pot was not related to bee body size. Also, the number of pollen types found in each nest did not correlate to the number of pots analysed revealing non-neutral determinants for each species pollen richness. With the results obtained, it was clear that certain plants were more as food sources which could support conservation programmes and help meliponiculture in the Amazon.
{"title":"Polliniferous flora foraged by Melipona bees along the Rio Negro in the Brazilian Amazon","authors":"A. A. L. Pimentel, M. Absy, A. Rech, Vanessa Holanda Righetti de Abreu","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2021.1882555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2021.1882555","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Undoubtedly, Melipona bees are the most widely managed native American bee species for the production of honey and related products. These bees have been reared since before the arrival of Europeans on the continent. Despite being considered generalists due to their life histories, each stingless bee species has food preferences easily adapting to the available resources. Seeking to contribute to the understanding of the food ecology of Melipona bees, 17 pollen samples from six species found in natural nests along the Rio Negro were analysed. The pollen material was homogenised and prepared following the standard acetolysis technique. Relative frequency, the similarity between diets and correlation of diets with bee body size were determined. Thirty-two pollen types (17 botanical families) were identified, 13 of which were considered attractive, while six promoted temporary specialisation events. The results reaffirmed the potential generalist pattern of these bees with temporary specialisation events, being strongly influenced by local conditions. The diversity of pollen types per pot was not related to bee body size. Also, the number of pollen types found in each nest did not correlate to the number of pots analysed revealing non-neutral determinants for each species pollen richness. With the results obtained, it was clear that certain plants were more as food sources which could support conservation programmes and help meliponiculture in the Amazon.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00173134.2021.1882555","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45834061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-26DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2021.1880630
M. Filipova-Marinova, D. Pavlov, K. Slavova
The Black Sea covers an area of 432 000 km2 and is the largest anoxic basin in the world. The most recent sediment layers can be divided into three units: Unit I, the top approximately 30 cm, is a ...
{"title":"54. Central Bulgarian Black Sea coast: Late Glacial vegetation dynamics and climate changes","authors":"M. Filipova-Marinova, D. Pavlov, K. Slavova","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2021.1880630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2021.1880630","url":null,"abstract":"The Black Sea covers an area of 432 000 km2 and is the largest anoxic basin in the world. The most recent sediment layers can be divided into three units: Unit I, the top approximately 30 cm, is a ...","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00173134.2021.1880630","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45339334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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