Aref Fatehi, Esmail Babarashi, Shahram Mehri, Mehdi Salajegheh
Drought hasunfavorable impacts on the success of agriculture in many parts of the world.Providing future populations with enough food would obviously require the evaluation of crop yield, higher potentials, and the provision of yield stability in drought-affected regions. In this research, the drought-tolerance of wheat genotypes was studied in a randomized complete block design and in a three-replication experiment under normal and drought stress conditions. In two consecutive growing seasons, the measurements wereaimed at evaluating the stress susceptibility index (SSI), drought tolerance index (TOL), mean productivity (MP, stress tolerance index (STI, harmonic mean (HARM), yield index (YI, and genomic mean productivity (GMP). These parameters described the yieldsof different genotypes for two years and under both normal and stress conditions. The combined analysis of variance showed that the environment significantly affected grain yield. The mean values of parameters by the drought stress condition were less than those of the non-stress condition.Stress intensity (SI) was 46% and 43% in the first and second year, respectively.In both years, MP, GMP, STI and HARM indices correlated significantly with grain yield under stress and normal conditions. Based on a three-dimensional diagram of these indices, the pishgam and ws-82-9 genotypes were considered as most superior in the first year (both conditions).. Furthermore, the pishgam, alvand, and ohadi genotypes were considered as superior in the second year. According to the bi-plot diagram and based on the first two major components, these genotypes were more tolerant to drought stress. In general, it is suggested that the pishgam shows a higher level of yield sustainability. It was found to be the genotype with the highest yield under both normal and stress conditions. Its grain yield and resistance indices have increased during 80 years of breeding and selection.
{"title":"Evaluation of grain yield of wheat genotypes using stress tolerance indices","authors":"Aref Fatehi, Esmail Babarashi, Shahram Mehri, Mehdi Salajegheh","doi":"10.2298/gensr2201379f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/gensr2201379f","url":null,"abstract":"Drought hasunfavorable impacts on the success of agriculture in many parts of the world.Providing future populations with enough food would obviously require the evaluation of crop yield, higher potentials, and the provision of yield stability in drought-affected regions. In this research, the drought-tolerance of wheat genotypes was studied in a randomized complete block design and in a three-replication experiment under normal and drought stress conditions. In two consecutive growing seasons, the measurements wereaimed at evaluating the stress susceptibility index (SSI), drought tolerance index (TOL), mean productivity (MP, stress tolerance index (STI, harmonic mean (HARM), yield index (YI, and genomic mean productivity (GMP). These parameters described the yieldsof different genotypes for two years and under both normal and stress conditions. The combined analysis of variance showed that the environment significantly affected grain yield. The mean values of parameters by the drought stress condition were less than those of the non-stress condition.Stress intensity (SI) was 46% and 43% in the first and second year, respectively.In both years, MP, GMP, STI and HARM indices correlated significantly with grain yield under stress and normal conditions. Based on a three-dimensional diagram of these indices, the pishgam and ws-82-9 genotypes were considered as most superior in the first year (both conditions).. Furthermore, the pishgam, alvand, and ohadi genotypes were considered as superior in the second year. According to the bi-plot diagram and based on the first two major components, these genotypes were more tolerant to drought stress. In general, it is suggested that the pishgam shows a higher level of yield sustainability. It was found to be the genotype with the highest yield under both normal and stress conditions. Its grain yield and resistance indices have increased during 80 years of breeding and selection.","PeriodicalId":50423,"journal":{"name":"Genetika-Belgrade","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68293148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to comprehend the plant resources' protection and management in every setting, genetic variousness research is required. Because of the minimal number of distinguishing morphological features, for example, leaf sequence and carpel structure, Alcea includes a problematic taxonomy.34 Alcea species are reported in Iran among them, 15 species are endemic. There are no specifics. Alcea genetic variousness was studied using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA). As a result, we gathered and evaluated six species from five Iranian provinces. Seventy plant samples were gathered in total. Our objectives were to 1) determine the genetic variousness of Alcea species and 2) determine the genetic variousness of Alcea species. 2) Is there a link between a species's genetic makeup and geographical location? 3) Population and taxon genetic configuration. In-plant species, we found considerable variances in quantitative morphological features. Alcea species were separated into two categories using NJ clusters and principal component analysis. The unbiased anticipated heterozygozygosity (UHe) of Alcea rhyticarpa existed in the scope of 0.12. In Alcea aucheri, knowledge of Shannon was increased (0.39). The lowest value, 0.20, was found in Alcea rhyticarpa. In the Alcea species, gene flow (Nm) was quite modest (0.33). The current findings demonstrated RAPD markers and morphometry approaches for studying genetic variousness in Alcea species.
{"title":"Rapd marker to assess genetic diversity and exchange genes in Alcea (Malvaceae)","authors":"Juan Yin, H. Khodayari","doi":"10.2298/gensr2202565y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/gensr2202565y","url":null,"abstract":"In order to comprehend the plant resources' protection and management in every setting, genetic variousness research is required. Because of the minimal number of distinguishing morphological features, for example, leaf sequence and carpel structure, Alcea includes a problematic taxonomy.34 Alcea species are reported in Iran among them, 15 species are endemic. There are no specifics. Alcea genetic variousness was studied using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA). As a result, we gathered and evaluated six species from five Iranian provinces. Seventy plant samples were gathered in total. Our objectives were to 1) determine the genetic variousness of Alcea species and 2) determine the genetic variousness of Alcea species. 2) Is there a link between a species's genetic makeup and geographical location? 3) Population and taxon genetic configuration. In-plant species, we found considerable variances in quantitative morphological features. Alcea species were separated into two categories using NJ clusters and principal component analysis. The unbiased anticipated heterozygozygosity (UHe) of Alcea rhyticarpa existed in the scope of 0.12. In Alcea aucheri, knowledge of Shannon was increased (0.39). The lowest value, 0.20, was found in Alcea rhyticarpa. In the Alcea species, gene flow (Nm) was quite modest (0.33). The current findings demonstrated RAPD markers and morphometry approaches for studying genetic variousness in Alcea species.","PeriodicalId":50423,"journal":{"name":"Genetika-Belgrade","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68293245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Patel, P. Patel, D. Dharajiya, A. Patel, H. Zala, A. Khatri, K. K. Tiwari
Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.], is a legume and one of the most ancient crops known to man and grown in tropical and subtropical regions. Cowpea seeds have a high nutritional value containing high amount of protein (20-25%). Despite of its importance, the utilization of genetic diversity and germplasm characterization in cowpea breeding program has not been fully exploited. Therefore, twelve morphological characters and six polymorphic microsatellite/simple sequence repeat (SSRs) markers were used to analyze genetic diversity in thirty-eight cowpea genotypes. The dendrogram was constructed using UPGMA algorithm and Gower?s dissimilarity values (ranged from 0.0601 to 0.5589) derived from twelve morphological characters. It was grouped in seven clusters showing the most diverse genotypes were CGD 1246 and CGD 1311 (Gower?s distance: 0.5589) and the most similar genotypes were GC 1501 and GC 1601 (Gower?s distance: 0.0601). In molecular characterization, a total of 14 amplicons were detected with a ranged from two to three with an average 2.33 alleles per loci. The mean values of polymorphic information content (PIC) and heterozygosity was 0.319 and 0.399, respectively which are measures of the efficiency of markers for studying polymorphism level available in the cowpea genotypes. Total 224 amplicons were considered for to derive Jaccard?s similarity matrix for the construction of dendrogram (having six clusters) and 2-D PCA (Principal Component Analysis) plot. The morphological characters and SSR markers can be used in diversity analysis and characterization of cowpea genotypes. The per se performing genotypes for individual character can be exploited in population/genotype development of cowpea for the improvement of that particular character. This will provide information to plant breeders for selection of parents to develop populations in cowpea breeding programs.
{"title":"Morphological and molecular characterization of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) genotypes","authors":"C. Patel, P. Patel, D. Dharajiya, A. Patel, H. Zala, A. Khatri, K. K. Tiwari","doi":"10.2298/gensr2202633p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/gensr2202633p","url":null,"abstract":"Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.], is a legume and one of the most ancient crops known to man and grown in tropical and subtropical regions. Cowpea seeds have a high nutritional value containing high amount of protein (20-25%). Despite of its importance, the utilization of genetic diversity and germplasm characterization in cowpea breeding program has not been fully exploited. Therefore, twelve morphological characters and six polymorphic microsatellite/simple sequence repeat (SSRs) markers were used to analyze genetic diversity in thirty-eight cowpea genotypes. The dendrogram was constructed using UPGMA algorithm and Gower?s dissimilarity values (ranged from 0.0601 to 0.5589) derived from twelve morphological characters. It was grouped in seven clusters showing the most diverse genotypes were CGD 1246 and CGD 1311 (Gower?s distance: 0.5589) and the most similar genotypes were GC 1501 and GC 1601 (Gower?s distance: 0.0601). In molecular characterization, a total of 14 amplicons were detected with a ranged from two to three with an average 2.33 alleles per loci. The mean values of polymorphic information content (PIC) and heterozygosity was 0.319 and 0.399, respectively which are measures of the efficiency of markers for studying polymorphism level available in the cowpea genotypes. Total 224 amplicons were considered for to derive Jaccard?s similarity matrix for the construction of dendrogram (having six clusters) and 2-D PCA (Principal Component Analysis) plot. The morphological characters and SSR markers can be used in diversity analysis and characterization of cowpea genotypes. The per se performing genotypes for individual character can be exploited in population/genotype development of cowpea for the improvement of that particular character. This will provide information to plant breeders for selection of parents to develop populations in cowpea breeding programs.","PeriodicalId":50423,"journal":{"name":"Genetika-Belgrade","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68294059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Kondić-Špika, S. Glogovac, D. Trkulja, A. Marjanović-Jeromela, Milica Marjanovic
The objective of this study was to evaluate boron tolerance of wheat genotypes using mature embryo culture. The analysis involved 79 recombinant inbred lines of the International Triticeae Mapping Initiative (ITMI) population and three Serbian varieties with known boron (B) tolerance (Pobeda - sensitive S, Balerina-medium tolerant MT, and Nevesinjka - tolerant T). The evaluation was performed on a modified MS medium to which 15 mM of boric acid was added. The control medium contained no excess B. Callus fresh weight (CFW) and reduction of fresh callus weight (RFCW) were determined after one month of cultivation. ANOVA has shown highly significant effect of genotype, the media, and their interaction to callus tissue growth and also significant genotypic effect on RFCW. Majority of genotypes (39) had sensitive reaction to excess boron, twenty-three were medium tolerant, while four of them were tolerant. The obtained results can be potentially used for mapping QTLs associated with tolerance to excess B in wheat breeding program.
{"title":"Response of wheat genotypes to excess boron estimated by in vitro culture","authors":"A. Kondić-Špika, S. Glogovac, D. Trkulja, A. Marjanović-Jeromela, Milica Marjanovic","doi":"10.2298/gensr2202907k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/gensr2202907k","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to evaluate boron tolerance of wheat genotypes using mature embryo culture. The analysis involved 79 recombinant inbred lines of the International Triticeae Mapping Initiative (ITMI) population and three Serbian varieties with known boron (B) tolerance (Pobeda - sensitive S, Balerina-medium tolerant MT, and Nevesinjka - tolerant T). The evaluation was performed on a modified MS medium to which 15 mM of boric acid was added. The control medium contained no excess B. Callus fresh weight (CFW) and reduction of fresh callus weight (RFCW) were determined after one month of cultivation. ANOVA has shown highly significant effect of genotype, the media, and their interaction to callus tissue growth and also significant genotypic effect on RFCW. Majority of genotypes (39) had sensitive reaction to excess boron, twenty-three were medium tolerant, while four of them were tolerant. The obtained results can be potentially used for mapping QTLs associated with tolerance to excess B in wheat breeding program.","PeriodicalId":50423,"journal":{"name":"Genetika-Belgrade","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68294367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Hernández-Bautista, R. Lobato-Ortiz, M. Rocandio-Rodríguez, Martha Hernández-Rodriguez, Ana Hernández-Bautista, G. Rodríguez-Bautista, Enrique Hernández-Leal, Edgardo Bautista-Ramírez
In blackberry, the identification of the best plants is usually based on the phenotypic value. However, the phenotypic value of complex traits is not always a reliable parameter that allows the maximum genetic gain per cycle of selection. The present study aimed to explore the breeding potential of thirteen blackberry parents based on their breeding values, and estimate genetic parameters of important traits in blackberry breeding. A total of fourteen crosses (sib-full families) were obtained from crossing thirteen blackberry genotypes. According to the mixed model 2, the heritability estimations ranged from 0.14 to 0.93. The highest heritability (h2 > 0.9) was found in days to the first pick and harvest interval, while the lowest one (h2 < 0.2) in berry weight. The genotypes ?Chickasaw?, S3?, ?Choctaw?, ?Tupy?, and ?S5? exhibited simultaneously positive breeding values for yield, and berry weight, whereas ?Natchez?, ?S1?, and ?S6? for earliness and harvest interval. For soluble solids content, ?S6?, ?S3?, and ?Kiowa? had the best breeding values. Based on our results, the germplasm used in the study has additive effects with high commercial value that could be used in the blackberry programs.
{"title":"Genetic parameters and estimated breeding values of blackberry parents under a warm environment","authors":"A. Hernández-Bautista, R. Lobato-Ortiz, M. Rocandio-Rodríguez, Martha Hernández-Rodriguez, Ana Hernández-Bautista, G. Rodríguez-Bautista, Enrique Hernández-Leal, Edgardo Bautista-Ramírez","doi":"10.2298/gensr2202857b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/gensr2202857b","url":null,"abstract":"In blackberry, the identification of the best plants is usually based on the phenotypic value. However, the phenotypic value of complex traits is not always a reliable parameter that allows the maximum genetic gain per cycle of selection. The present study aimed to explore the breeding potential of thirteen blackberry parents based on their breeding values, and estimate genetic parameters of important traits in blackberry breeding. A total of fourteen crosses (sib-full families) were obtained from crossing thirteen blackberry genotypes. According to the mixed model 2, the heritability estimations ranged from 0.14 to 0.93. The highest heritability (h2 > 0.9) was found in days to the first pick and harvest interval, while the lowest one (h2 < 0.2) in berry weight. The genotypes ?Chickasaw?, S3?, ?Choctaw?, ?Tupy?, and ?S5? exhibited simultaneously positive breeding values for yield, and berry weight, whereas ?Natchez?, ?S1?, and ?S6? for earliness and harvest interval. For soluble solids content, ?S6?, ?S3?, and ?Kiowa? had the best breeding values. Based on our results, the germplasm used in the study has additive effects with high commercial value that could be used in the blackberry programs.","PeriodicalId":50423,"journal":{"name":"Genetika-Belgrade","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68294563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Gahtyari, J. Jaiswal, D. Sharma, M. Talha, N. Kumar, N. Singh
Identifying gene interactions and markers associated with physiological traits, especially at later stages of grain filling, can help develop effective breeding methodology in wheat crop. Six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1P1 and BC1P2) of four different spring wheat crosses (drought-responsive x drought susceptible) and F3 generation of a single cross, i.e., MACS6272 x UP2828 were phenotyped and genotyped to decipher gene action and associated markers. Ample variation in canopy temperature depression (CTD - 2.6 - 5.6?C), chlorophyll content by SPAD (39.6 - 51.3), relative water content (RWC - 51.5 - 75.4 %), grain filling period (GFP - 61.1 - 80.1 days), 100 seed weight (3.7 - 5.5 grams), harvest index (HI - 25.8 - 46.2 %), biological yield (BY - 35.5 - 89.8 grams) and grain yield (GY - 13.4 - 36.5 grams) per plant were observed in six generations. GY positively correlated with CTD, SPAD, 100SW, BY and HI (0.08* - 0.85**). BY had the maximum direct (0.82) and indirect effect via other traits on GY. Significant non-additive epistatic interactions (j & l) and duplicate gene action were found for most traits except GFP and 100SW. Seven different SSR markers associated with CTD, SPAD, NDVI, RWC, 100SW, and explained phenotypic variation (PVE) ranging from 10.1% to 18.4%, with marker Xcfd35 explaining highest PVE for RWC. The identified candidate genes (in silico) belonged to transmembrane proteins (Xcfd32, Xcfd50), nucleic acid binding domains (Xbarc124, Xgwm484) and having enzymatic activity (Xcfd35, Xwmc47, Xwmc728) important for abiotic stress tolerance. Complex inheritance deciphered by six generations indicated delaying the selection to later stages of segregation so that useful transgressive segregants can be selected for improving grain yields in wheat.
{"title":"Genetic analysis and marker association of physiological traits under rainfed and heat stress conditions in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)","authors":"N. Gahtyari, J. Jaiswal, D. Sharma, M. Talha, N. Kumar, N. Singh","doi":"10.2298/gensr2203049g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/gensr2203049g","url":null,"abstract":"Identifying gene interactions and markers associated with physiological traits, especially at later stages of grain filling, can help develop effective breeding methodology in wheat crop. Six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1P1 and BC1P2) of four different spring wheat crosses (drought-responsive x drought susceptible) and F3 generation of a single cross, i.e., MACS6272 x UP2828 were phenotyped and genotyped to decipher gene action and associated markers. Ample variation in canopy temperature depression (CTD - 2.6 - 5.6?C), chlorophyll content by SPAD (39.6 - 51.3), relative water content (RWC - 51.5 - 75.4 %), grain filling period (GFP - 61.1 - 80.1 days), 100 seed weight (3.7 - 5.5 grams), harvest index (HI - 25.8 - 46.2 %), biological yield (BY - 35.5 - 89.8 grams) and grain yield (GY - 13.4 - 36.5 grams) per plant were observed in six generations. GY positively correlated with CTD, SPAD, 100SW, BY and HI (0.08* - 0.85**). BY had the maximum direct (0.82) and indirect effect via other traits on GY. Significant non-additive epistatic interactions (j & l) and duplicate gene action were found for most traits except GFP and 100SW. Seven different SSR markers associated with CTD, SPAD, NDVI, RWC, 100SW, and explained phenotypic variation (PVE) ranging from 10.1% to 18.4%, with marker Xcfd35 explaining highest PVE for RWC. The identified candidate genes (in silico) belonged to transmembrane proteins (Xcfd32, Xcfd50), nucleic acid binding domains (Xbarc124, Xgwm484) and having enzymatic activity (Xcfd35, Xwmc47, Xwmc728) important for abiotic stress tolerance. Complex inheritance deciphered by six generations indicated delaying the selection to later stages of segregation so that useful transgressive segregants can be selected for improving grain yields in wheat.","PeriodicalId":50423,"journal":{"name":"Genetika-Belgrade","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68295233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suheel Ahmad, S. Bhat, S. Sultan, Hamid Mir, K. Raina, N. Sivaraj, N. Dikshit, N. Pala
Trifolium repens L., commonly referred as white clover, is one of the important stoloniferous perennial range legume growing in temperate regions. The introduction of forage legumes in agro-ecosystem provides nitrogen enrichment in soil and mobilizes other nutrients. Further, it has a tremendous potential to help rehabilitate temperate grasslands and decrease the severe fodder shortage in the Himalayan region. In recent decades, collecting and exploration of forage species germplasm, including white clover, have been in the focus of researchers. The collected material shall act as a safe repository for different improvement programmes in future as the germplasm has been stored in the Long Term Module of the National Gene Bank. In this study, maximum entropy (MaxEnt) technique of niche modelling was used to explore probable new areas for the collection of white clover germplasm and identify favorable climate for characterization, cultivation, evaluation and on-farm conservation in the Indian Himalayan region, which comprises the of Jammu Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand. Significant variation was observed in plant height (15.5 to 37.6 cm), floret number per flower head (9.24 to 52.4), 100 seed weight (0.038 to 0.077), dry matter yield per plant (6.2 to 15.1 g), leaf length (15.6 to 48.4 mm), leaf width (11.2 to 39.6 mm). Very highly significant variation was also observed in ?V? marking. Dendrogram grouped the 22 accessions into two clusters based on the average linking method. Cluster I consisted of five accessions (IC-615818, IC- 615817,IC-622352, IC-615815, and IC-622362), cluster- II could be grouped into sub-cluster-IIA and sub-cluster- IIB. Cluster IIA consist of six accessions (IC- 622338, IC-622379, IC-622382, IC-622401, IC-622343 and IC-62237), whereas cluster-IIB comprise of 11 accessions (IC- 615814 IC- 615811, IC-615819, IC-622376, IC-622383, IC-615812, IC-622385, IC-615816, IC- 615817, IC-622415 and IC-622406). In this study, maximum entropy (MaxEnt) technique of niche modelling was used to explore probable new areas for the collection of white clover germplasm, identifying favorable climate for characterization, cultivation & evaluation and on-farm conservation in the Indian Himalayan region comprising the Union Territory of Jammu Kashmir and the states of Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand.
{"title":"Diversity and ecological niche modelling studies in Trifolium repens L. (White clover) in the region of north-western Himalaya, India","authors":"Suheel Ahmad, S. Bhat, S. Sultan, Hamid Mir, K. Raina, N. Sivaraj, N. Dikshit, N. Pala","doi":"10.2298/gensr2203083a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/gensr2203083a","url":null,"abstract":"Trifolium repens L., commonly referred as white clover, is one of the important stoloniferous perennial range legume growing in temperate regions. The introduction of forage legumes in agro-ecosystem provides nitrogen enrichment in soil and mobilizes other nutrients. Further, it has a tremendous potential to help rehabilitate temperate grasslands and decrease the severe fodder shortage in the Himalayan region. In recent decades, collecting and exploration of forage species germplasm, including white clover, have been in the focus of researchers. The collected material shall act as a safe repository for different improvement programmes in future as the germplasm has been stored in the Long Term Module of the National Gene Bank. In this study, maximum entropy (MaxEnt) technique of niche modelling was used to explore probable new areas for the collection of white clover germplasm and identify favorable climate for characterization, cultivation, evaluation and on-farm conservation in the Indian Himalayan region, which comprises the of Jammu Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand. Significant variation was observed in plant height (15.5 to 37.6 cm), floret number per flower head (9.24 to 52.4), 100 seed weight (0.038 to 0.077), dry matter yield per plant (6.2 to 15.1 g), leaf length (15.6 to 48.4 mm), leaf width (11.2 to 39.6 mm). Very highly significant variation was also observed in ?V? marking. Dendrogram grouped the 22 accessions into two clusters based on the average linking method. Cluster I consisted of five accessions (IC-615818, IC- 615817,IC-622352, IC-615815, and IC-622362), cluster- II could be grouped into sub-cluster-IIA and sub-cluster- IIB. Cluster IIA consist of six accessions (IC- 622338, IC-622379, IC-622382, IC-622401, IC-622343 and IC-62237), whereas cluster-IIB comprise of 11 accessions (IC- 615814 IC- 615811, IC-615819, IC-622376, IC-622383, IC-615812, IC-622385, IC-615816, IC- 615817, IC-622415 and IC-622406). In this study, maximum entropy (MaxEnt) technique of niche modelling was used to explore probable new areas for the collection of white clover germplasm, identifying favorable climate for characterization, cultivation & evaluation and on-farm conservation in the Indian Himalayan region comprising the Union Territory of Jammu Kashmir and the states of Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand.","PeriodicalId":50423,"journal":{"name":"Genetika-Belgrade","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68295365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tijana Petrović, M. Zdravković, M. Djelic, T. Gavrilovic, Z. Mihailovic, N. Atanasijevic, O. Stojković
The aim of study was to investigate distribution of ACE and ACTN3 gene polymorphisms in young female footballers and to test association of common gene polymorphisms with body composition, arterial blood pressure and ECG screening variables. A group of 45 white, healthy, adolescent female elite footballers (FG) and 60 sedentary female controls (CG) enrolled in this study. HRM method has been developed to differentiate between variant alleles of ACE and ACTN3 genes. No significant difference was found in the ACE and ACTN3 genotypes or allele frequencies distribution between FG and CG (p>0.05). Also, neither insertion in the ACE gene, nor nonsense mutation in the ACTN3 gene had a significant effect on resting BP and ECG parameters. Cardiovascular adaptation to intensive physical activity in FG is manifested as lowered resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure (lower 18 and 11 percentiles, respectively). Footballers with ACE DD and ACTN3 XX polymorphisms had higher values of Sokolow-Lyon voltage for LV hypertrophy, but without statistically significance (p=0.61 and 0.2, respectively). Interpretation of the effect of specific genes with presumed large effect on sport performance, should be cautious, especially in team sports with a mixed type of physical activity, such as football.
{"title":"Influence of ACE and ACTN3 genes polymorphisms on cardiovascular adaptation in female football players","authors":"Tijana Petrović, M. Zdravković, M. Djelic, T. Gavrilovic, Z. Mihailovic, N. Atanasijevic, O. Stojković","doi":"10.2298/gensr2203035p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/gensr2203035p","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of study was to investigate distribution of ACE and ACTN3 gene polymorphisms in young female footballers and to test association of common gene polymorphisms with body composition, arterial blood pressure and ECG screening variables. A group of 45 white, healthy, adolescent female elite footballers (FG) and 60 sedentary female controls (CG) enrolled in this study. HRM method has been developed to differentiate between variant alleles of ACE and ACTN3 genes. No significant difference was found in the ACE and ACTN3 genotypes or allele frequencies distribution between FG and CG (p>0.05). Also, neither insertion in the ACE gene, nor nonsense mutation in the ACTN3 gene had a significant effect on resting BP and ECG parameters. Cardiovascular adaptation to intensive physical activity in FG is manifested as lowered resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure (lower 18 and 11 percentiles, respectively). Footballers with ACE DD and ACTN3 XX polymorphisms had higher values of Sokolow-Lyon voltage for LV hypertrophy, but without statistically significance (p=0.61 and 0.2, respectively). Interpretation of the effect of specific genes with presumed large effect on sport performance, should be cautious, especially in team sports with a mixed type of physical activity, such as football.","PeriodicalId":50423,"journal":{"name":"Genetika-Belgrade","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68295606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Asian chestnut gall wasp (ACGW) is one of the most important pests threatening most Castanea species. The best management strategy against this pest can be establishing new orchards with resistant cultivars along with biocontrol (parasitoid Torymus sinensis Kamijo (Hymenoptera: Torymidae)). In Turkey, ACGW was first detected in 2014 at Gac?k village of Yalova province. Bursa, ?stanbul, Sakarya, Kocaeli, Bal?kesir, Bilecik, D?zce, Giresun, Bart?n, Zonguldak, Sinop and ?zmir provinces are also infected with ACGW. This study was carried out to determine the levels of susceptibility of chestnut cultivars/genotypes to ACGW. The study was carried out in Yalova province between 2016 and 2018. In total, 15 cultivars/genotypes were involved in the study, including European (C. sativa) chestnuts (Albayrak, Alt?nay, ?Erfelek?, ?Osmano?lu?, Sal?pazar?, ?Serdar?, ??nal?), interspecific hybrids (?Marigoule? and BDB-L) and complex hybrids (?Aky?z?, ?Macit 55?, ?Ali Nihat?, A9, A55, A56) were tested in the study. In April 2016, five- to seven-year-old seedlings were ?bark? grafted, and susceptibility to the ACGW was evaluated by recording the ratio of infected buds (%), visual assessment of the damage (severity), and calculations of an infestation index. Among the cultivars and genotypes tested in the study, the ?Aky?z? cultivar was determined to exhibit the highest resistance against the ACGW. To fully understand the resistance mechanism of the ?Aky?z? cultivar, molecular and biochemical studies should be done and compared with other results.
板栗瘿蜂(ACGW)是威胁板栗属植物的主要害虫之一。防治这种害虫的最佳策略是建立新的果园，培育具有抗性的品种，并采取生物防治措施(膜翅目:圆叶蝉科)。2014年，土耳其Gac?亚洛瓦省的k村。布尔萨，斯坦堡，萨卡里亚，科卡埃利，巴尔?比莱克克先生，D?你好，吉雷森，巴特?n、宗乌尔达克、锡诺普和兹米尔省也感染了急性粒细胞性白血病。本研究旨在确定板栗品种/基因型对ACGW的易感性水平。该研究于2016年至2018年在亚洛瓦省进行。研究共涉及15个品种/基因型，包括欧洲(C. sativa)栗子(Albayrak, Alt?不,Erfelek ?陆,Osmano ? ?, Sal pazar ?Serdar ?种间杂交(Marigoule?和BDB-L)和复杂的混合动力车(?Aky?z?Macit 55?阿里·尼哈特?(A9, A55, A56)在研究中进行了检测。2016年4月，5到7岁的幼苗被称为“树皮”。通过记录侵染芽的比例(%)、目视损害评估(严重程度)和侵染指数的计算来评估对ACGW的敏感性。在本研究测试的品种和基因型中，? akizz ?该品种对ACGW的抗性最高。为了充分了解?Aky?z?应进行品种、分子和生化研究，并与其他研究结果进行比较。
{"title":"Susceptibility levels of some chestnut cultivars and genotypes to the chestnut gall wasp in Turkey","authors":"Yusuf Çil, Ü. Serdar, Burak Akyüz","doi":"10.2298/gensr2203205c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/gensr2203205c","url":null,"abstract":"The Asian chestnut gall wasp (ACGW) is one of the most important pests threatening most Castanea species. The best management strategy against this pest can be establishing new orchards with resistant cultivars along with biocontrol (parasitoid Torymus sinensis Kamijo (Hymenoptera: Torymidae)). In Turkey, ACGW was first detected in 2014 at Gac?k village of Yalova province. Bursa, ?stanbul, Sakarya, Kocaeli, Bal?kesir, Bilecik, D?zce, Giresun, Bart?n, Zonguldak, Sinop and ?zmir provinces are also infected with ACGW. This study was carried out to determine the levels of susceptibility of chestnut cultivars/genotypes to ACGW. The study was carried out in Yalova province between 2016 and 2018. In total, 15 cultivars/genotypes were involved in the study, including European (C. sativa) chestnuts (Albayrak, Alt?nay, ?Erfelek?, ?Osmano?lu?, Sal?pazar?, ?Serdar?, ??nal?), interspecific hybrids (?Marigoule? and BDB-L) and complex hybrids (?Aky?z?, ?Macit 55?, ?Ali Nihat?, A9, A55, A56) were tested in the study. In April 2016, five- to seven-year-old seedlings were ?bark? grafted, and susceptibility to the ACGW was evaluated by recording the ratio of infected buds (%), visual assessment of the damage (severity), and calculations of an infestation index. Among the cultivars and genotypes tested in the study, the ?Aky?z? cultivar was determined to exhibit the highest resistance against the ACGW. To fully understand the resistance mechanism of the ?Aky?z? cultivar, molecular and biochemical studies should be done and compared with other results.","PeriodicalId":50423,"journal":{"name":"Genetika-Belgrade","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68295966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this tudy, it was aimed to investigate the association/s between dopamine transporter gene (DAT1), dopamine receptor D1 (DRD1), dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2), dopamine receptor D3 (DRD3), dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene variants and adult Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). A prospective analytical case control study. A total of 128 ADHD cases and 100 non-ADHD controls from Western population of Turkey were included in this study. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood. Genotype and allele frequency P-values were calculated by Chi square (c2) and Fisher Exact tests. Other statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS program version 20.0. The genotypes for the DAT1, DRD2, DRD3 and DRD4 variants were identified by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). 4R allele and 4R/4R genotype of Exon 3 VNTR polymorphism in the DRD4 gene were observed to be the most frequent one in both case and control groups. 4R allele was found to be statistically significant in ADHD group than the ones in control group (p=0.01). No statistical differences in the genotype and allele frequencies were observed between ADHD cases versus non-ADHD controls for DAT1, DRD2 and DRD3 polymorphisms. A statistically significant association was found only between DRD4 Exon 3 VNTR polymorphism and adult ADHD. However, to confirm that these gene variants contributes to ADHD and ADHD-subtypes, further studies with both higher population sizes and many candidate genes are needed to be investigated simultaneously.
{"title":"Association analysis of four human dopamine pathway genes with adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in a population from Turkey","authors":"H. Güzel, H. Güzel, Cengiz Çelebi, M. Sözen","doi":"10.2298/gensr2203331g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/gensr2203331g","url":null,"abstract":"In this tudy, it was aimed to investigate the association/s between dopamine transporter gene (DAT1), dopamine receptor D1 (DRD1), dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2), dopamine receptor D3 (DRD3), dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene variants and adult Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). A prospective analytical case control study. A total of 128 ADHD cases and 100 non-ADHD controls from Western population of Turkey were included in this study. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood. Genotype and allele frequency P-values were calculated by Chi square (c2) and Fisher Exact tests. Other statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS program version 20.0. The genotypes for the DAT1, DRD2, DRD3 and DRD4 variants were identified by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). 4R allele and 4R/4R genotype of Exon 3 VNTR polymorphism in the DRD4 gene were observed to be the most frequent one in both case and control groups. 4R allele was found to be statistically significant in ADHD group than the ones in control group (p=0.01). No statistical differences in the genotype and allele frequencies were observed between ADHD cases versus non-ADHD controls for DAT1, DRD2 and DRD3 polymorphisms. A statistically significant association was found only between DRD4 Exon 3 VNTR polymorphism and adult ADHD. However, to confirm that these gene variants contributes to ADHD and ADHD-subtypes, further studies with both higher population sizes and many candidate genes are needed to be investigated simultaneously.","PeriodicalId":50423,"journal":{"name":"Genetika-Belgrade","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68296416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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