Pub Date : 2022-02-18DOI: 10.54482/genetika.v1i01.87
Irda Wati, Dewi Rahma Putri, Jannah Khoftiah, Putri Berlian Fauzi, Ari Zona
Xylanase is an extracellular enzyme capable of hydrolyzing hemicellulose so that it can convert xylan into xylose. Xylanase enzymes can be used in the pulp and paper industry. This study aims to determine the effect of temperature, pH on enzyme production by immobilized thermophilic bacteria using rice straw xylan extract as a substrate and to see the effect of xylanase administration on the whiteness level of inked paper waste. This study was an experimental study and used a completely randomized design (CRD). Enzyme activity was measured using a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 540 nm. Enzyme activity data were analyzed using the ANOVA test and continued with the DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) further test with a level of 5% and the whiteness of the paper was determined by testing the kappa number. The results obtained were that the temperature of immobilize thermophilic bacteria using rice straw xylan extract as a substrate affected the xylanase enzyme activity with an optimum temperature of 75°C having the highest average value of enzyme activity 4.668 U/mL. Meanwhile, the optimum pH for immobilized thermophilic bacteria to produce xylanase was pH 8.5 with the highest average value of enzyme activity 4.854 U/mL. The addition of xylanase enzyme in the fermentation process of inked paper waste was able to increase the brightness of the inked paper with a lower average value of kappa number of 2.762 compared to the higher control of 5.525.
木聚糖酶是一种细胞外酶，能够水解半纤维素，将木聚糖转化为木糖。木聚糖酶可用于纸浆和造纸工业。本研究旨在确定温度、pH值对固定化嗜热菌以稻草木聚糖提取物为底物产酶的影响，并观察木聚糖酶的添加对油墨废纸白度的影响。本研究为实验研究，采用完全随机设计(CRD)。用分光光度计在540nm波长处测定酶活性。酶活性数据使用ANOVA检验进行分析，并继续进行DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range test)进一步检验，水平为5%，并通过测试kappa数来确定纸张的白度。结果表明，以稻草木聚糖提取物为底物的固定化嗜热细菌的温度对木聚糖酶活性有影响，最适温度为75℃，酶活性最高平均值为4.668 U/mL。同时，固定化嗜热菌产木聚糖酶的最适pH为8.5，酶活最高平均值为4.854 U/mL。在废墨纸发酵过程中添加木聚糖酶可以提高墨纸的亮度，其kappa值平均值较低，为2.762，高于对照为5.525。
{"title":"TEMPERATURE AND PH OPTIMIZATION OF CAR THERMOPHILIC BACTERIA FOR THE PRODUCTION OF XILANASE THE BLEACHING OF ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY INKED PAPER WASTE","authors":"Irda Wati, Dewi Rahma Putri, Jannah Khoftiah, Putri Berlian Fauzi, Ari Zona","doi":"10.54482/genetika.v1i01.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54482/genetika.v1i01.87","url":null,"abstract":"Xylanase is an extracellular enzyme capable of hydrolyzing hemicellulose so that it can convert xylan into xylose. Xylanase enzymes can be used in the pulp and paper industry. This study aims to determine the effect of temperature, pH on enzyme production by immobilized thermophilic bacteria using rice straw xylan extract as a substrate and to see the effect of xylanase administration on the whiteness level of inked paper waste. This study was an experimental study and used a completely randomized design (CRD). Enzyme activity was measured using a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 540 nm. Enzyme activity data were analyzed using the ANOVA test and continued with the DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) further test with a level of 5% and the whiteness of the paper was determined by testing the kappa number. The results obtained were that the temperature of immobilize thermophilic bacteria using rice straw xylan extract as a substrate affected the xylanase enzyme activity with an optimum temperature of 75°C having the highest average value of enzyme activity 4.668 U/mL. Meanwhile, the optimum pH for immobilized thermophilic bacteria to produce xylanase was pH 8.5 with the highest average value of enzyme activity 4.854 U/mL. The addition of xylanase enzyme in the fermentation process of inked paper waste was able to increase the brightness of the inked paper with a lower average value of kappa number of 2.762 compared to the higher control of 5.525.","PeriodicalId":50423,"journal":{"name":"Genetika-Belgrade","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47521006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-18DOI: 10.54482/genetika.v1i01.111
Nurfa Dewiza Luzik, S. Ramadhani, Nanda Husnul Khotimah, S. Farma, M. Biomed, Ari Zona
The purpose of this research is to study the fastness, UV-protection, deodorization, and antimicrobial properties of silk fabrics dyed with liquids extracted from the gallnuts, areca nuts, and pomegranate peels. Among dyeing fastness of dyed silk fabrics, light and dry cleaning fastness wass 3-5 grade. The dyed silk fabrics in wavelenght range of 290-400 appeared UV protection. Deodorization activity of dyed silk fabrics appeared over 99%. The dyed silk fabrics showed high antibacterial activity of 99.9% agains Staphylococcus aerus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Keywords: deodorization, UV-protection, gallnuts, areca nuts, and pomegranate peels
{"title":"Study of Fastness, UV Protection, Deodorization and Antimicrobial Properties of Silk Fabrics Dyed with the Liquids Extracted from the Gallnuts, Areca Nuts, and Pomegranate Peels","authors":"Nurfa Dewiza Luzik, S. Ramadhani, Nanda Husnul Khotimah, S. Farma, M. Biomed, Ari Zona","doi":"10.54482/genetika.v1i01.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54482/genetika.v1i01.111","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research is to study the fastness, UV-protection, deodorization, and antimicrobial properties of silk fabrics dyed with liquids extracted from the gallnuts, areca nuts, and pomegranate peels. Among dyeing fastness of dyed silk fabrics, light and dry cleaning fastness wass 3-5 grade. The dyed silk fabrics in wavelenght range of 290-400 appeared UV protection. Deodorization activity of dyed silk fabrics appeared over 99%. The dyed silk fabrics showed high antibacterial activity of 99.9% agains Staphylococcus aerus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: deodorization, UV-protection, gallnuts, areca nuts, and pomegranate peels","PeriodicalId":50423,"journal":{"name":"Genetika-Belgrade","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41368312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-18DOI: 10.54482/genetika.v1i01.86
Annisa Mitri, Nurul Pratiwi, Sausan Hani Fadillah, Dwi Hilda Putri, M. Biomed, Ari Zona
Indonesia is the 3rd largest country in the world in cases of tuberculosis (TB) infection. Infections caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium Tuberculosis have claimed 100,000 lives per year. This death rate is expected to continue to increase due to resistance to Antituberculosis Drugs (OAT). One strategy to overcome the increasing number of resistance of M. tuberculosis bacteria to OAT is to find new and better antituberculosis active compounds. This study aims to determine the potential of Andalas Endophytic Bacteria mutated by UV light on antituberculosis activity. This research is descriptive research. The research was conducted at the Research Laboratory of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Padang State University. The mutation process is carried out as a form of increasing the production of active compounds. Natural anti microbial compounds can be obtained through the fermentation process. The active compounds from the fermentation products were extracted using methanol and aquadest as solvents. Testing against M. tuberculosis using the Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) 960 System as a medium for sensitivity testing. The fermented supernatant with absolute concentration and extract of each solvent with a concentration of 75% were mixed into the MGIT 960 tube. The results showed that the length of time UV irradiation could reduce the number of endophytic bacterial cells of Andalas isolate ATB 10-6. UV light also causes changes in the morphology of mutant bacterial colonies. UV irradiation can produce mutant isolates that have better antifungal activity, where of the 8 mutant bacteria produced, 7 mutants have better antifungal activity than the wild type, and the growth of mutant bacteria is faster than the wild type.
{"title":"ANTITUBERCULOSIS EFFECTIVENESS OF ENDOPHYTIC ANDALAS MUTANT BACTERIA PRODUCS INDUCED BY UV LIGHT WILL BE CONDUCTED","authors":"Annisa Mitri, Nurul Pratiwi, Sausan Hani Fadillah, Dwi Hilda Putri, M. Biomed, Ari Zona","doi":"10.54482/genetika.v1i01.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54482/genetika.v1i01.86","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia is the 3rd largest country in the world in cases of tuberculosis (TB) infection. Infections caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium Tuberculosis have claimed 100,000 lives per year. This death rate is expected to continue to increase due to resistance to Antituberculosis Drugs (OAT). One strategy to overcome the increasing number of resistance of M. tuberculosis bacteria to OAT is to find new and better antituberculosis active compounds. This study aims to determine the potential of Andalas Endophytic Bacteria mutated by UV light on antituberculosis activity. This research is descriptive research. The research was conducted at the Research Laboratory of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Padang State University. The mutation process is carried out as a form of increasing the production of active compounds. Natural anti microbial compounds can be obtained through the fermentation process. The active compounds from the fermentation products were extracted using methanol and aquadest as solvents. Testing against M. tuberculosis using the Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) 960 System as a medium for sensitivity testing. The fermented supernatant with absolute concentration and extract of each solvent with a concentration of 75% were mixed into the MGIT 960 tube. The results showed that the length of time UV irradiation could reduce the number of endophytic bacterial cells of Andalas isolate ATB 10-6. UV light also causes changes in the morphology of mutant bacterial colonies. UV irradiation can produce mutant isolates that have better antifungal activity, where of the 8 mutant bacteria produced, 7 mutants have better antifungal activity than the wild type, and the growth of mutant bacteria is faster than the wild type.","PeriodicalId":50423,"journal":{"name":"Genetika-Belgrade","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49482008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-18DOI: 10.54482/genetika.v1i01.90
Usin Usin, Rifqi Firlian Pratama, Auliya Ensrizkianne Edray, Roza Anggraini, Yeli Susanti, Annisa Prita Melinda, Ari Zona
Crack Detector – The Crack Detection In The Snotty Building Based Artificial Intelligence And Image Processing Smart Solution To Structural Collapse is a device designed by the building's design team by implementing artificial intelligence science and image processing to detect the cracks and dimensions autonomous. Data obtained was sent to the user's computer in real time. The purpose of the construction of the device is to facilitate communities especially construction and construction safety committees (KKK) the building's security system hopes to detect cracks in high rise and can provide data on the level of damage, data obtained from a crack detector among other images and videos from the state of the building, the dimensions of cracks and the positions of cracks. Based on these data can be determined an ordinance of the building structure. Toolmaking begins with observing a multistory building on the campus and a literature study of both national and international journals and books. Next is the tool design using Solidworks 2020. Once the design is finished it continues to the stage of procuring the components needed to make the prototype. The building of the prototype is divided into three stages of assembly of the frame, assembly of the electronic components and program building. Once completed, the tool was tested for performance knowing.
{"title":"CRACK DETECTOR – THE CRACK DETECTION IN THE SNOTTY BUILDING BASED ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND IMAGE PROCESSING SMART SOLUTION TO STRUCTURAL COLLAPSE","authors":"Usin Usin, Rifqi Firlian Pratama, Auliya Ensrizkianne Edray, Roza Anggraini, Yeli Susanti, Annisa Prita Melinda, Ari Zona","doi":"10.54482/genetika.v1i01.90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54482/genetika.v1i01.90","url":null,"abstract":"Crack Detector – The Crack Detection In The Snotty Building Based Artificial Intelligence And Image Processing Smart Solution To Structural Collapse is a device designed by the building's design team by implementing artificial intelligence science and image processing to detect the cracks and dimensions autonomous. Data obtained was sent to the user's computer in real time. The purpose of the construction of the device is to facilitate communities especially construction and construction safety committees (KKK) the building's security system hopes to detect cracks in high rise and can provide data on the level of damage, data obtained from a crack detector among other images and videos from the state of the building, the dimensions of cracks and the positions of cracks. Based on these data can be determined an ordinance of the building structure. Toolmaking begins with observing a multistory building on the campus and a literature study of both national and international journals and books. Next is the tool design using Solidworks 2020. Once the design is finished it continues to the stage of procuring the components needed to make the prototype. The building of the prototype is divided into three stages of assembly of the frame, assembly of the electronic components and program building. Once completed, the tool was tested for performance knowing.","PeriodicalId":50423,"journal":{"name":"Genetika-Belgrade","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48432084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-18DOI: 10.54482/genetika.v1i01.88
Nur Azzima, Putri Erianti, Weni Rezkia, D. Putri, M. Biomed, Ari Zona
Reed Diffuser from Andalas mutant endophytic bacteria extract is the latest innovation as an anti-termite in addition to its natural aroma, the aroma of this extract will prevent termites from living or doing activities around this product. parts that contain cellulose such as buildings, clothing, and paper. The preparation of this business will be carried out in a preparatory stage, namely in collaboration with partners, then the production stages start from sterilization of tools, manufacture of media, preparation of solutions, microbial rejuvenation, manufacture of starters, fermentation, extraction of fermented products and packaging later. The marketing stage is carried out with various approaches ranging from online and offline. In reality, the termite-resistant Reed Diffuser must be able to compete with other termite-killing products that only act as exterminators. The sales target for this termite-resistant Reed Diffuser product are office employees, both administrative and archiving, as well as sellers of wooden home furnishings and clothing sellers, which will be very useful for them later in preventing economic and material losses due to termites.
{"title":"REED DIFFUSER FROM ENDOPHITE BACTERIAL EXTRACT MUTANTS AS INNOVATION TO OVERCOME TERMINE PEST","authors":"Nur Azzima, Putri Erianti, Weni Rezkia, D. Putri, M. Biomed, Ari Zona","doi":"10.54482/genetika.v1i01.88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54482/genetika.v1i01.88","url":null,"abstract":"Reed Diffuser from Andalas mutant endophytic bacteria extract is the latest innovation as an anti-termite in addition to its natural aroma, the aroma of this extract will prevent termites from living or doing activities around this product. parts that contain cellulose such as buildings, clothing, and paper. The preparation of this business will be carried out in a preparatory stage, namely in collaboration with partners, then the production stages start from sterilization of tools, manufacture of media, preparation of solutions, microbial rejuvenation, manufacture of starters, fermentation, extraction of fermented products and packaging later. The marketing stage is carried out with various approaches ranging from online and offline. In reality, the termite-resistant Reed Diffuser must be able to compete with other termite-killing products that only act as exterminators. The sales target for this termite-resistant Reed Diffuser product are office employees, both administrative and archiving, as well as sellers of wooden home furnishings and clothing sellers, which will be very useful for them later in preventing economic and material losses due to termites.","PeriodicalId":50423,"journal":{"name":"Genetika-Belgrade","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48262135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stellaria L. (Caryophyllaceae, Alsinoideae) comprises ca. 150-200 species across the world. Stellaria species are common herbs, preferred humid mountainously slopes, but some grew in desert. Main center of diversification for Stellaria is Eurasia, with a center of distribution in the mountains of E. central Asia. Therefore, due to the importance of these plant species, we performed a molecular data analysis for this genus. For this study, we used 65 randomly collected plants from six species in six provinces. Amplification of genomic DNA using 5 primers produced 70 bands, of which 62 were polymorphic (84.00%). The obtained high average PIC and MI values revealed high capacity of ISSR primers to detect polymorphic loci among Stellaria species. The genetic similarities of six collections were estimated from 0.69 to 0.85. According to Inter-Simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers analysis, S. pallida and S. graminea had the lowest similarity and the species of S. media and S. pallida had the highest similarity. The aims of present study are: 1) can ISSR markers identify Stellaria species, 2) what is the genetic structure of these taxa in Iran, and 3) to investigate the species inter-relationship? The present study revealed that ISSR markers can identify the species.
{"title":"Genetic diversity and inter-relationship among Stellaria L. (Caryophyllaceae) species by ISSR markers","authors":"Yan Zhou, Zhongbiao Zheng","doi":"10.2298/gensr2201119z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/gensr2201119z","url":null,"abstract":"Stellaria L. (Caryophyllaceae, Alsinoideae) comprises ca. 150-200 species across the world. Stellaria species are common herbs, preferred humid mountainously slopes, but some grew in desert. Main center of diversification for Stellaria is Eurasia, with a center of distribution in the mountains of E. central Asia. Therefore, due to the importance of these plant species, we performed a molecular data analysis for this genus. For this study, we used 65 randomly collected plants from six species in six provinces. Amplification of genomic DNA using 5 primers produced 70 bands, of which 62 were polymorphic (84.00%). The obtained high average PIC and MI values revealed high capacity of ISSR primers to detect polymorphic loci among Stellaria species. The genetic similarities of six collections were estimated from 0.69 to 0.85. According to Inter-Simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers analysis, S. pallida and S. graminea had the lowest similarity and the species of S. media and S. pallida had the highest similarity. The aims of present study are: 1) can ISSR markers identify Stellaria species, 2) what is the genetic structure of these taxa in Iran, and 3) to investigate the species inter-relationship? The present study revealed that ISSR markers can identify the species.","PeriodicalId":50423,"journal":{"name":"Genetika-Belgrade","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68291723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suitability of ecological factors is the most important factor affecting the productivity of agricultural activities. Sensitivity of the phytochemical characteristics that are direct the product quality to the changing environmental conditions is very high. In the present study, how climate change depending on the altitude change affects phytochemical properties in plum cultivars ?Friar? and ?Fortune? fruits which were harvested at two different altitudes (200 m and 800 m a.b.s.), during two consecutive years (2017 and 2018) was investigated. In addition, under environmental and genotype modeling, genetic parameters of the properties were determined. In line with the obtained results from the study, it was determined that the phytochemical characteristics varied parallel to the altitude change within the same latitude. Generally, amount of individual phenolic compounds and organic acids were increased with altitude increase while general phytochemical characteristics such as total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were decreased. Heritabilities of general characteristics were found lower, due to high difference between genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) than organic and phenolic acids. Ranking of organic acids in both altitudes was found as malic acid> acetic acid> oxalic acid> ascorbic acid in both cultivars. In terms of phenolic acids, a stable order could not be determined while chlorogenic acid has come to the front in both cultivars. Since cultivar/location interactions found significant according to bi-plot segregation, investigating the changes at genotype level would be more accurate.
{"title":"Investigation of genetic parameters and phytochemical characteristics in plum under altitude change","authors":"K. Mertoğlu","doi":"10.2298/gensr2201073m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/gensr2201073m","url":null,"abstract":"Suitability of ecological factors is the most important factor affecting the productivity of agricultural activities. Sensitivity of the phytochemical characteristics that are direct the product quality to the changing environmental conditions is very high. In the present study, how climate change depending on the altitude change affects phytochemical properties in plum cultivars ?Friar? and ?Fortune? fruits which were harvested at two different altitudes (200 m and 800 m a.b.s.), during two consecutive years (2017 and 2018) was investigated. In addition, under environmental and genotype modeling, genetic parameters of the properties were determined. In line with the obtained results from the study, it was determined that the phytochemical characteristics varied parallel to the altitude change within the same latitude. Generally, amount of individual phenolic compounds and organic acids were increased with altitude increase while general phytochemical characteristics such as total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were decreased. Heritabilities of general characteristics were found lower, due to high difference between genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) than organic and phenolic acids. Ranking of organic acids in both altitudes was found as malic acid> acetic acid> oxalic acid> ascorbic acid in both cultivars. In terms of phenolic acids, a stable order could not be determined while chlorogenic acid has come to the front in both cultivars. Since cultivar/location interactions found significant according to bi-plot segregation, investigating the changes at genotype level would be more accurate.","PeriodicalId":50423,"journal":{"name":"Genetika-Belgrade","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68291827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mutation breeding is one of the most important breeding method for ornamental plants. Chrysanthemum is the genus that has the richest mutant varieties in ornamental plants. The objective of this study is to create variation by gamma irradiation and improving traits by mutation breeding. For this aim, in vitro bud explants of white Bacardi variety were irradiated by gamma radiation at 20 Gy (Gray). In vitro subcultures were continued until M1V4 period and observations were obtained in this period. Some changes were observed on heights and flowers of the plants such as; variable flowers, flowering time, differentiation on plant length, flower number per bunch and ray floret differentiations. The changes of the ray florets were determined as color changes to pink and yellow. Mutation frequency was calculated by 1.1% of the population. Approximately 0.9% of useful mutant lines determined from the selected mutants.
{"title":"Determination of mutagenic-sensitivity and induced variability in the mutant populations of ‘Bacardi’ chrysanthemum cultivar","authors":"G. Haspolat, B. Kunter, Y. Kantoglu","doi":"10.2298/gensr2201147h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/gensr2201147h","url":null,"abstract":"Mutation breeding is one of the most important breeding method for ornamental plants. Chrysanthemum is the genus that has the richest mutant varieties in ornamental plants. The objective of this study is to create variation by gamma irradiation and improving traits by mutation breeding. For this aim, in vitro bud explants of white Bacardi variety were irradiated by gamma radiation at 20 Gy (Gray). In vitro subcultures were continued until M1V4 period and observations were obtained in this period. Some changes were observed on heights and flowers of the plants such as; variable flowers, flowering time, differentiation on plant length, flower number per bunch and ray floret differentiations. The changes of the ray florets were determined as color changes to pink and yellow. Mutation frequency was calculated by 1.1% of the population. Approximately 0.9% of useful mutant lines determined from the selected mutants.","PeriodicalId":50423,"journal":{"name":"Genetika-Belgrade","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68291954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To determine the effects of irrigation water salinity on seed germination and seedling development of two rice cultivars, irrigation waters with low SAR (below 3) were prepared in different salinity levels (control [0.5], 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 dS m-1) from different salinity sources (NaCl, MgS04, and CaCl2 salts). The average germination rate was decreased for the cv. Baldo 20.19%, while for cv. Osmanc?k - 97 it was 26.73%. The average of the single seedling dry weight of cv. Baldo was 0.2666 g, while for cv. Osmanc?k-97 it was 0.2569 g. The average single seedling dry weight was 0.2940 g in the control application. In parallel to the increased irrigation water salinity level, the single seedling dry weight decreased. The irrigation water salinity had not affected up to 4 dS m- 1 in terms of the germination rate decrease and the single seedling dry weight of rice, but it started to be affected when increased salinity level to 8 dS m-1 and it was more effective at higher doses. Also, cv. Osmanc?k-97 was more sensitive to irrigation water salinity than cv. Baldo. In conclusion, it turns out that the irrigation water to be used in rice farming should not have salinity since the tolerance of the rice plant against irrigation water salinity is low.
{"title":"The effects of irrigation water salinity on the seed germination and seedling growth of rice","authors":"Fikri Bayindir, Yalçin Coskun","doi":"10.2298/gensr2201255b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/gensr2201255b","url":null,"abstract":"To determine the effects of irrigation water salinity on seed germination and seedling development of two rice cultivars, irrigation waters with low SAR (below 3) were prepared in different salinity levels (control [0.5], 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 dS m-1) from different salinity sources (NaCl, MgS04, and CaCl2 salts). The average germination rate was decreased for the cv. Baldo 20.19%, while for cv. Osmanc?k - 97 it was 26.73%. The average of the single seedling dry weight of cv. Baldo was 0.2666 g, while for cv. Osmanc?k-97 it was 0.2569 g. The average single seedling dry weight was 0.2940 g in the control application. In parallel to the increased irrigation water salinity level, the single seedling dry weight decreased. The irrigation water salinity had not affected up to 4 dS m- 1 in terms of the germination rate decrease and the single seedling dry weight of rice, but it started to be affected when increased salinity level to 8 dS m-1 and it was more effective at higher doses. Also, cv. Osmanc?k-97 was more sensitive to irrigation water salinity than cv. Baldo. In conclusion, it turns out that the irrigation water to be used in rice farming should not have salinity since the tolerance of the rice plant against irrigation water salinity is low.","PeriodicalId":50423,"journal":{"name":"Genetika-Belgrade","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68292392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
New advancements in tissue culture techniques have resulted in vitro propagation of several regenerations of horticultural crops. The somaclonal variation which occurs during plant tissue culture is a potential source for inducing new genetic variability in such crops. Several approaches have been utilized to ascertain the occurrence of somaclonal variation. The pomegranate plant can adapt to various environmental conditions and grow well in different kinds of soil and climate. Pomegranate Zagheh cultivar is mainly cultivated in the state of Esfehan, Kashan city in Iran. The present study was performed to investigate the potential occurrence of somaclonal variation in tissue culture regenerated plants of the cultivar Zagheh and provide morphological, cytological and molecular evidences for its occurrence. Nodal segments were chosen for the in vitro propagation of pomegranate. Explants were cultured on MS basal medium. We carried out both molecular (ISSR) and karyological studies in propagation collected. In the present study, we observed variation in both morphological (length of shoot, branch, internode, leaf and root and number of branch and root) and genetic features of the tissue culture regenerated plants. The regenerated plants of the third sub-culture differed from mother plants in the ISSR marker. We observed frequent occurrence of cells with different chromosome numbers, ranging from normal diploid 2n = 2x = 16 to tetraploid 2n = 32 chromosome number.
{"title":"Somaclonal variation in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.): ISSR and cytological evidences","authors":"S. Azizi, F. Farahani, M. Sheidai","doi":"10.2298/gensr2201207a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/gensr2201207a","url":null,"abstract":"New advancements in tissue culture techniques have resulted in vitro propagation of several regenerations of horticultural crops. The somaclonal variation which occurs during plant tissue culture is a potential source for inducing new genetic variability in such crops. Several approaches have been utilized to ascertain the occurrence of somaclonal variation. The pomegranate plant can adapt to various environmental conditions and grow well in different kinds of soil and climate. Pomegranate Zagheh cultivar is mainly cultivated in the state of Esfehan, Kashan city in Iran. The present study was performed to investigate the potential occurrence of somaclonal variation in tissue culture regenerated plants of the cultivar Zagheh and provide morphological, cytological and molecular evidences for its occurrence. Nodal segments were chosen for the in vitro propagation of pomegranate. Explants were cultured on MS basal medium. We carried out both molecular (ISSR) and karyological studies in propagation collected. In the present study, we observed variation in both morphological (length of shoot, branch, internode, leaf and root and number of branch and root) and genetic features of the tissue culture regenerated plants. The regenerated plants of the third sub-culture differed from mother plants in the ISSR marker. We observed frequent occurrence of cells with different chromosome numbers, ranging from normal diploid 2n = 2x = 16 to tetraploid 2n = 32 chromosome number.","PeriodicalId":50423,"journal":{"name":"Genetika-Belgrade","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68292662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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