A. Koseniuk, Grzegorz Smołucha, A. Gurgul, Taomasz Szmatoła, M. Oczkowicz, A. Radko
Domestic pigs and wild boars have undergone frequent interspecies crossbreeding; therefore, the presence of hybrids makes it challenging to find genetic markers that distinguish both subspecies. The aim of this research is to identify the DNA regions that underwent strong selection during the domestication of the pig and to give an insight into the genetic diversity of the Polish wild boar and domestic pigs by implementing the genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) technique. We studied two groups of animals: one consisted of domestic pigs (Landrace, Large White, Duroc, Puławska and Pietrain), while the second group included wild boars from Poland. The filtered single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) panel used in this study included 7,298 markers that were spread across 18 porcine autosomes and unmapped contigs. The maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees and multidimensional scaling (MDS) clearly separated the populations of pigs from the wild boars. We also detected genome regions that demonstrated the most significant genetic differences between the domestic pigs and wild boars. These regions were distributed on eight different autosomes and overlapped with 48 different pig RefSeq genes. The KEGG pathway, Reactome and GO terms were further used to assign a functional significance to the identified genes that were associated with inter alia muscle development (MYOG, MEOX2), pre-weaning mortality stress (MYO7A) and sensory perception (TAS1R3).
{"title":"Differentiation of the domestic pig and wild boar using genotyping-by-sequencing","authors":"A. Koseniuk, Grzegorz Smołucha, A. Gurgul, Taomasz Szmatoła, M. Oczkowicz, A. Radko","doi":"10.3409/fb_71-1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3409/fb_71-1.01","url":null,"abstract":"Domestic pigs and wild boars have undergone frequent interspecies crossbreeding; therefore, the presence of hybrids makes it challenging to find genetic markers that distinguish both subspecies. The aim of this research is to identify the DNA regions that underwent strong selection\u0000 during the domestication of the pig and to give an insight into the genetic diversity of the Polish wild boar and domestic pigs by implementing the genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) technique. We studied two groups of animals: one consisted of domestic pigs (Landrace, Large White, Duroc, Puławska\u0000 and Pietrain), while the second group included wild boars from Poland. The filtered single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) panel used in this study included 7,298 markers that were spread across 18 porcine autosomes and unmapped contigs. The maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees and multidimensional\u0000 scaling (MDS) clearly separated the populations of pigs from the wild boars. We also detected genome regions that demonstrated the most significant genetic differences between the domestic pigs and wild boars. These regions were distributed on eight different autosomes and overlapped with\u0000 48 different pig RefSeq genes. The KEGG pathway, Reactome and GO terms were further used to assign a functional significance to the identified genes that were associated with inter alia muscle development (MYOG, MEOX2), pre-weaning mortality stress (MYO7A) and sensory perception (TAS1R3).","PeriodicalId":50438,"journal":{"name":"Folia Biologica-Krakow","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45884553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Szczerbik, M. Nowak, Jakub Nocoń, E. Łuszczek-Trojnar, E. Drąg-Kozak, J. Chyb, W. Popek
In Poland, the Chinese sleeper Perccottus glenii is one of the alien fish species which, by effectively competing with native species, may contribute to the weakening of their population and a reduction of the biodiversity. The aim of this paper is to study the diets of two coexisting species: the native European perch Perca fluviatilis and the invasive Chinese sleeper. The fish were collected from a watercourse used for draining water from a fishing farm, located in the Nida River water system (Poland), using the electrofishing method. The captured fish were killed, preserved in a 4% formaldehyde solution and the stomachs of the fish were dissected. Then, based on the materials collected from these stomachs, the abundance and taxonomic rankings of the individual diet components (quantity of individuals in the individual taxa) were determined. The overlap of the P. fluviatilis and P. glenii feeding spectra was studied using a principal component analysis (PCA). The analysis of the data collected demonstrated that the diets of these two species overlaps considerably. At the same time, the analysis of the major diet components showed that the niche used by P. fluviatilis is broader than that used by P. glenii. It seems that, due to its high level of plasticity, P. fluviatilis is able to withstand the pressures of P. glenii and is also able to limit its abundance. Both species frequently choose fish as their prey, including juvenile common carp Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758, which indicates that together with native predators, P. glenii may pose a considerable threat to farmed juvenile Cyprinidae.
{"title":"Study of the diets of two coexisting species – invasive Chinese sleeper (Perccottus glenii Dybowski, 1877) and native European perch (Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus, 1758)","authors":"P. Szczerbik, M. Nowak, Jakub Nocoń, E. Łuszczek-Trojnar, E. Drąg-Kozak, J. Chyb, W. Popek","doi":"10.3409/fb_71-1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3409/fb_71-1.03","url":null,"abstract":"In Poland, the Chinese sleeper Perccottus glenii is one of the alien fish species which, by effectively competing with native species, may contribute to the weakening of their population and a reduction of the biodiversity. The aim of this paper is to study the diets of two coexisting\u0000 species: the native European perch Perca fluviatilis and the invasive Chinese sleeper. The fish were collected from a watercourse used for draining water from a fishing farm, located in the Nida River water system (Poland), using the electrofishing method. The captured fish were killed,\u0000 preserved in a 4% formaldehyde solution and the stomachs of the fish were dissected. Then, based on the materials collected from these stomachs, the abundance and taxonomic rankings of the individual diet components (quantity of individuals in the individual taxa) were determined. The overlap\u0000 of the P. fluviatilis and P. glenii feeding spectra was studied using a principal component analysis (PCA). The analysis of the data collected demonstrated that the diets of these two species overlaps considerably. At the same time, the analysis of the major diet components showed\u0000 that the niche used by P. fluviatilis is broader than that used by P. glenii. It seems that, due to its high level of plasticity, P. fluviatilis is able to withstand the pressures of P. glenii and is also able to limit its abundance. Both species frequently choose\u0000 fish as their prey, including juvenile common carp Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758, which indicates that together with native predators, P. glenii may pose a considerable threat to farmed juvenile Cyprinidae.","PeriodicalId":50438,"journal":{"name":"Folia Biologica-Krakow","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46367510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chinese domestic pig breeds have abundant genetic resources, but definite information about the geographic specificity and genetic structure is lacking. In this study, we analysed 359 mitochondrial D-loop sequences, including 86 sequences from Chinese domestic pigs and the rest downloaded from GenBank. The haplotype and nucleotide diversity indices ranged from 0.467 ±0.132 (Duroc) to 1.000 ±0.500 (Thailand, North Korea and Cambodia) and 0.00067 ±0.00019 (Duroc) to 0.02000 ±0.01000 (Thailand), respectively. The neighbour-joining tree revealed two clads in the individual pigs, with a Chinese domestic breed distributed discontinuously among several breeds. The network data indicated that the gene pools of Chinese domestic pigs are likely related to Chinese, Japanese and some other Southeast Asian wild boars.
{"title":"Genetic diversity of mitochondrial DNA D-loop in wild and domestic pigs (Sus scrofa) in East Asia","authors":"L. Niu, Jingjing Xie, Keyu Shi, T. Zhong","doi":"10.3409/fb_71-1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3409/fb_71-1.05","url":null,"abstract":"Chinese domestic pig breeds have abundant genetic resources, but definite information about the geographic specificity and genetic structure is lacking. In this study, we analysed 359 mitochondrial D-loop sequences, including 86 sequences from Chinese domestic pigs and the rest downloaded\u0000 from GenBank. The haplotype and nucleotide diversity indices ranged from 0.467 ±0.132 (Duroc) to 1.000 ±0.500 (Thailand, North Korea and Cambodia) and 0.00067 ±0.00019 (Duroc) to 0.02000 ±0.01000 (Thailand), respectively. The neighbour-joining tree revealed two\u0000 clads in the individual pigs, with a Chinese domestic breed distributed discontinuously among several breeds. The network data indicated that the gene pools of Chinese domestic pigs are likely related to Chinese, Japanese and some other Southeast Asian wild boars.","PeriodicalId":50438,"journal":{"name":"Folia Biologica-Krakow","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46379583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
At present, four non-native gobiid species (racer goby Babka gymnotrachelus, monkey goby Neogobius fluviatilis, round goby Neogobius melanostomus and western tubenose goby Proterorhinus semilunaris) are listed as occurring in the Vistula River of Poland. In this work, the distribution and densities of gobiids in the river-mouth stretches of the Vistula tributaries flowing downstream from the Włocławek Reservoir in the Baltic Sea direction are presented. The fish were collected by electrofishing from a boat or while wading. Non-native gobiids were noted in 15 of the 18 tributaries studied. Among the 1,075 gobies caught, the western tubenose goby was the most common and occurred in 15 of the sites examined. The racer goby was registered in seven of the tributaries, while the monkey goby was recorded in only three. No round goby was caught. The highest densities of the western tubenose goby and racer goby were noted in the small stream located directly downstream from the Włocławek Reservoir. Among the species identified, the western tubenose goby seems to be more eurytopic because it was the last of these species to invade the Vistula River, but it is now the most widespread. In addition to a morphological identification of the fish, samples of each species were confirmed by an analysis of subunit I of the cytochrome oxidase (COI) barcode sequences. The genetic analysis of the COI subunit revealed that this sequence is effective for the taxonomic differentiation of the Ponto-Caspian gobies occurring in Poland. The results showed that gobiids have become a permanent element of the ichthyofauna of the Vistula and its tributaries that are available for migration Key words: invasive species, Gobiidae, Neogobius fluviatilis, Babka gymnotrachelus, Proterorhinus
{"title":"Non-native Ponto-Caspian Gobies in the mouths of the Vistula River tributaries","authors":"Rafał Bernaś, M. Skóra, G. Radtke, Anna Wąs-Barcz","doi":"10.3409/fb_71-1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3409/fb_71-1.02","url":null,"abstract":"At present, four non-native gobiid species (racer goby Babka gymnotrachelus, monkey goby Neogobius fluviatilis, round goby Neogobius melanostomus and western tubenose goby Proterorhinus semilunaris) are listed as occurring in the Vistula River of Poland.\u0000 In this work, the distribution and densities of gobiids in the river-mouth stretches of the Vistula tributaries flowing downstream from the Włocławek Reservoir in the Baltic Sea direction are presented. The fish were collected by electrofishing from a boat or while wading. Non-native\u0000 gobiids were noted in 15 of the 18 tributaries studied. Among the 1,075 gobies caught, the western tubenose goby was the most common and occurred in 15 of the sites examined. The racer goby was registered in seven of the tributaries, while the monkey goby was recorded in only three. No round\u0000 goby was caught. The highest densities of the western tubenose goby and racer goby were noted in the small stream located directly downstream from the Włocławek Reservoir. Among the species identified, the western tubenose goby seems to be more eurytopic because it was the last\u0000 of these species to invade the Vistula River, but it is now the most widespread. In addition to a morphological identification of the fish, samples of each species were confirmed by an analysis of subunit I of the cytochrome oxidase (COI) barcode sequences. The genetic analysis of the COI\u0000 subunit revealed that this sequence is effective for the taxonomic differentiation of the Ponto-Caspian gobies occurring in Poland. The results showed that gobiids have become a permanent element of the ichthyofauna of the Vistula and its tributaries that are available for migration Key words:\u0000 invasive species, Gobiidae, Neogobius fluviatilis, Babka gymnotrachelus, Proterorhinus","PeriodicalId":50438,"journal":{"name":"Folia Biologica-Krakow","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42519725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stanisław Bury, Aleksandra Kolanek, Grzegorz Skórzewski, K. Kurek, Bartłomiej Zając, B. Najbar, B. Borczyk
The blue-spotted phenotype in a slow worm can be considered as an alternative colour morph or a secondary sexual characteristic. This phenotype is known to entail an elevated predation risk; thus, its continuous presence in a population must be balanced by additional and positive fitness consequences. In this study, we show that blue-spotted males are characterised by a greater snout-vent length (SVL) than typical specimens. Importantly, the SVL of blue-spotted males reaches the magnitude of the average female size. This indicates that the presence of blue spots may involve a correlated positive effect on growth and body size. The greater body size of the blue-spotted males could enhance their survival and mating success, and thus facilitate the continued presence of a high fraction of this morph within the population. In addition, we found that the blue-spotted phenotype is more common in the eastern than the western slow worm, and the proposed fitness consequences of the blue-spotted phenotype might enhance its tendency to spread in the eastern Anguis lineage.
{"title":"Is the blue-spotted phenotype more widespread in the eastern slow worm Anguis colchica (Nordmann, 1840) than the western slow worm Anguis fragilis Linnaeus, 1758 and does it correlate with the male body size? A case study from Central Europe","authors":"Stanisław Bury, Aleksandra Kolanek, Grzegorz Skórzewski, K. Kurek, Bartłomiej Zając, B. Najbar, B. Borczyk","doi":"10.3409/fb_71-1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3409/fb_71-1.06","url":null,"abstract":"The blue-spotted phenotype in a slow worm can be considered as an alternative colour morph or a secondary sexual characteristic. This phenotype is known to entail an elevated predation risk; thus, its continuous presence in a population must be balanced by additional and positive fitness\u0000 consequences. In this study, we show that blue-spotted males are characterised by a greater snout-vent length (SVL) than typical specimens. Importantly, the SVL of blue-spotted males reaches the magnitude of the average female size. This indicates that the presence of blue spots may involve\u0000 a correlated positive effect on growth and body size. The greater body size of the blue-spotted males could enhance their survival and mating success, and thus facilitate the continued presence of a high fraction of this morph within the population. In addition, we found that the blue-spotted\u0000 phenotype is more common in the eastern than the western slow worm, and the proposed fitness consequences of the blue-spotted phenotype might enhance its tendency to spread in the eastern Anguis lineage.","PeriodicalId":50438,"journal":{"name":"Folia Biologica-Krakow","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46092624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuqin Wu, Jingjing Xie, T. Zhong, Linyuan Shen, Ye Zhao, Lei Chen, M. Gan, Shunhua Zhang, L. Zhu
Improving the litter performance of sows is one of the main challenges in the current pig industry. In this study, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the PRLR gene were performed, in order to test whether they are associated with the reproductive performance of Large White pigs. In total, we discovered nine SNP loci (g. C260G, g. C362T, g. C527G, g. A540G, g. A584G, g. A673T, g. A745G, g. C765T and g. A934G) in exon 10 of PRLR. The result showed that genotypes CC and CT at the g. C362T locus and genotype AG at g. A584G could significantly increase the litter size of different strains of Large White pigs (p < 0.05). In addition, the genotype CC at the g. C765T locus and the genotype AA at g. A934G could also increase the litter size (TNB could be increased by 1.5 piglets per year; while NBA could be increased by 0.98 piglets per year, p < 0.01). Furthermore, the haplotype combinations of H2H7 and H4H4 were the dominant combinations and contributed to larger litter sizes in the Large White pigs. In conclusion, there were dominant genotypes in the related SNP loci in the PRLR gene that were beneficial to improving the litter traits of sows. These findings will provide a reference for screening the molecular markers of a high reproductive performance in sows, and are helpful for genetic breeding and the reproductive improvement of pigs. Key words: sow, prolactin, polymorphism, reproduction, association analysis.
{"title":"Genetic diversity of porcine PRLR gene and its relationship to litter size in Large White pigs","authors":"Yuqin Wu, Jingjing Xie, T. Zhong, Linyuan Shen, Ye Zhao, Lei Chen, M. Gan, Shunhua Zhang, L. Zhu","doi":"10.3409/fb_71-1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3409/fb_71-1.04","url":null,"abstract":"Improving the litter performance of sows is one of the main challenges in the current pig industry. In this study, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the PRLR gene were performed, in order to test whether they are associated with the reproductive performance of Large White\u0000 pigs. In total, we discovered nine SNP loci (g. C260G, g. C362T, g. C527G, g. A540G, g. A584G, g. A673T, g. A745G, g. C765T and g. A934G) in exon 10 of PRLR. The result showed that genotypes CC and CT at the g. C362T locus and genotype AG at g. A584G could significantly increase the litter\u0000 size of different strains of Large White pigs (p < 0.05). In addition, the genotype CC at the g. C765T locus and the genotype AA at g. A934G could also increase the litter size (TNB could be increased by 1.5 piglets per year; while NBA could be increased by 0.98 piglets per year, p <\u0000 0.01). Furthermore, the haplotype combinations of H2H7 and H4H4 were the dominant combinations and contributed to larger litter sizes in the Large White pigs. In conclusion, there were dominant genotypes in the related SNP loci in the PRLR gene that were beneficial to improving the\u0000 litter traits of sows. These findings will provide a reference for screening the molecular markers of a high reproductive performance in sows, and are helpful for genetic breeding and the reproductive improvement of pigs. Key words: sow, prolactin, polymorphism, reproduction, association analysis.","PeriodicalId":50438,"journal":{"name":"Folia Biologica-Krakow","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44688222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new tardigrade species from the family Richtersiusidae, Richtersius mazepi sp. nov., from Uzbekistan, is described and illustrated. A comparison to all three of the previously described congeners revealed a unique set of morphological characteristics of the egg ornaments, which makes the new species clearly distinct from the others. The unique characteristics are as follows: ( i) the presence of light-refracting dots or pores and a crown of thickenings around the base of the egg processes; ( ii) the presence of dark dots on the egg surface between the processes; ( iii) a labyrinthine layer seen as light-refracting dots in the wall of the proximal portion of the egg processes; and ( iv) egg processes comprised of a wide dome-shaped proximal portion and an elongated slender distal portion. The new species discovered in this study constitutes the fourth formally described species within the genus Richtersius Pilato & Binda, 1989. The issue concerning the use of a classical taxonomic description based on morphological data is also discussed.
{"title":"New Species of the Genus Richtersius Pilato & Binda, 1989 (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada: Richtersiusidae) from Uzbekistan","authors":"Yevgen Kiosya, D. Stec","doi":"10.3409/fb_70-4.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3409/fb_70-4.18","url":null,"abstract":"A new tardigrade species from the family Richtersiusidae, Richtersius mazepi sp. nov., from Uzbekistan, is described and illustrated. A comparison to all three of the previously described congeners revealed a unique set of morphological characteristics of the egg ornaments, which\u0000 makes the new species clearly distinct from the others. The unique characteristics are as follows: ( i) the presence of light-refracting dots or pores and a crown of thickenings around the base of the egg processes; ( ii) the presence of dark dots on the egg surface between the\u0000 processes; ( iii) a labyrinthine layer seen as light-refracting dots in the wall of the proximal portion of the egg processes; and ( iv) egg processes comprised of a wide dome-shaped proximal portion and an elongated slender distal portion. The new species discovered in this\u0000 study constitutes the fourth formally described species within the genus Richtersius Pilato & Binda, 1989. The issue concerning the use of a classical taxonomic description based on morphological data is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":50438,"journal":{"name":"Folia Biologica-Krakow","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42471881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In mammals, membrane-bound matrix metalloproteinases (MT-MMPs) are thought to play an important role in ovarian remodeling. However, the role and regulation of these proteases in the ovary of birds remain largely unknown. One of MT-MMPs, i. e., MMP-16, has been found in the hen ovary; therefore, this study was undertaken to examine whether the transcript level of MMP-16 changes during follicle development and whether gonadotropins and estrogen are involved in the regulation of this enzyme expression. The relative expression of MMP-16 mRNA in the ovarian follicles (white, yellowish, small yellow, and the granulosa and theca layers of three of the largest yellow preovulatory [F3-F1]) was examined 22 h and 3 h before F1 follicle ovulation as well as following equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) or tamoxifen (estrogen receptor modulator, TMX) treatments by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). MMP-16 transcripts were detected in all examined ovarian tissues of control and treated hens. The relative expression of MMP-16 depended on follicular size/maturation and the layer of the follicular wall. A relatively higher expression of MMP-16 mRNA in the granulosa layer at 3 h compared to 22 h before ovulation of F1 was found. The injections of eCG decreased transcript abundance of MMP-16 in white and small yellow follicles, as well as in the theca layer of F3-F2 and the granulosa layer of the F1 follicle. In turn, TMX caused an increase in mRNA expression of MMP-16 in the theca layer of the largest preovulatory follicles and a decrease in the granulosa layer of the F1 follicle. Our results provide the first mRNA expression analysis of MMP-16 in the hen ovary under different physiological states. In addition, results indicate a possible role of gonadotropins and estrogen in regulating the transcription of MMP-16 in the chicken ovary.
{"title":"Ovarian mRNA Expression and Regulation of Matrix Metalloproteinase 16 in the Domestic Hen","authors":"Dominika Wolak, A. Hrabia","doi":"10.3409/fb_70-4.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3409/fb_70-4.17","url":null,"abstract":"In mammals, membrane-bound matrix metalloproteinases (MT-MMPs) are thought to play an important role in ovarian remodeling. However, the role and regulation of these proteases in the ovary of birds remain largely unknown. One of MT-MMPs, i. e., MMP-16, has been found in the hen ovary;\u0000 therefore, this study was undertaken to examine whether the transcript level of MMP-16 changes during follicle development and whether gonadotropins and estrogen are involved in the regulation of this enzyme expression. The relative expression of MMP-16 mRNA in the ovarian follicles (white,\u0000 yellowish, small yellow, and the granulosa and theca layers of three of the largest yellow preovulatory [F3-F1]) was examined 22 h and 3 h before F1 follicle ovulation as well as following equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) or tamoxifen (estrogen receptor modulator, TMX) treatments by quantitative\u0000 real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). MMP-16 transcripts were detected in all examined ovarian tissues of control and treated hens. The relative expression of MMP-16 depended on follicular size/maturation and the layer of the follicular wall. A relatively higher expression of MMP-16\u0000 mRNA in the granulosa layer at 3 h compared to 22 h before ovulation of F1 was found. The injections of eCG decreased transcript abundance of MMP-16 in white and small yellow follicles, as well as in the theca layer of F3-F2 and the granulosa layer of the F1 follicle. In turn, TMX caused an\u0000 increase in mRNA expression of MMP-16 in the theca layer of the largest preovulatory follicles and a decrease in the granulosa layer of the F1 follicle. Our results provide the first mRNA expression analysis of MMP-16 in the hen ovary under different physiological states. In addition, results\u0000 indicate a possible role of gonadotropins and estrogen in regulating the transcription of MMP-16 in the chicken ovary.","PeriodicalId":50438,"journal":{"name":"Folia Biologica-Krakow","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47528213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In addition to direct classical methods for assessing diet in wildlife, non-invasive techniques are a suitable alternative, especially in the case of endangered species. As in forensic investigations, a faecal parasitological examination could be a useful approach for a diet assessment in threatened wild birds, such as the Northern Bald Ibis ( Geronticus eremita). Seven faecal samples were collected from birds from the remaining wild population of Bald Ibis in the Souss Massa region (southwest Morocco). The samples were microscopically analysed, and two of them showed the presence of Pharyngodon spp. eggs, which is a ubiquitous intestinal parasite of saurian reptiles. By compiling our findings and the local bibliographic data, we were able to confirm that small endemic Moroccan lizards, especially of the Acanthodactylus pardalis group, are among the elements that compose the diet of the Northern Bald Ibis.
{"title":"Could Parasitological Investigations Assist in the Diet Assessment of an Endangered Species? Case of the Northern Bald Ibis ( Geronticus eremita)","authors":"Aissa Saidi, W. Oubrou","doi":"10.3409/fb_70-4.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3409/fb_70-4.16","url":null,"abstract":"In addition to direct classical methods for assessing diet in wildlife, non-invasive techniques are a suitable alternative, especially in the case of endangered species. As in forensic investigations, a faecal parasitological examination could be a useful approach for a diet assessment\u0000 in threatened wild birds, such as the Northern Bald Ibis ( Geronticus eremita). Seven faecal samples were collected from birds from the remaining wild population of Bald Ibis in the Souss Massa region (southwest Morocco). The samples were microscopically analysed, and two of them showed\u0000 the presence of Pharyngodon spp. eggs, which is a ubiquitous intestinal parasite of saurian reptiles. By compiling our findings and the local bibliographic data, we were able to confirm that small endemic Moroccan lizards, especially of the Acanthodactylus pardalis group, are\u0000 among the elements that compose the diet of the Northern Bald Ibis.","PeriodicalId":50438,"journal":{"name":"Folia Biologica-Krakow","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46132156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Walczak, C. Gębicki, M. Zmarzły, Natalia Sawka‐Gądek
In this paper, a new genus Sabahia Walczak & Gębicki with a new species Sabahia polypodii Walczak & Gębicki within the tribe Nirvanini is described. It originates from Sabah Province on Borneo (Malaysia, Sabah) and is most closely related to Decursusnirvana Gao & Zhang and Sinonirvana Gao & Zhang. It differs from these genera primarily with regard to the morphology of the male genitalia. Although it shows some resemblance to representatives of the genus Chudania Distant in the structure of the aedeagus, it can be clearly separated from this genus by the absence of a median carina from the facial part of the head. Details of the external morphology, as well as those of the male and female genitalia are documented (including scanning microscopy images). In addition, the phylogenetic relationships of several species within the subfamily Evacanthinae and related groups are discussed, based on comparative analyses of the genetic sequences for histone (H3) and the mitochondrial gene of cytochrome oxidase c (COI).
{"title":"Sabahia polypodii gen. et sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Evacantihinae) and its Phylogenetic Position within the Nirvanini Tribe","authors":"M. Walczak, C. Gębicki, M. Zmarzły, Natalia Sawka‐Gądek","doi":"10.3409/fb_70-4.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3409/fb_70-4.19","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new genus Sabahia Walczak & Gębicki with a new species Sabahia polypodii Walczak & Gębicki within the tribe Nirvanini is described. It originates from Sabah Province on Borneo (Malaysia, Sabah) and is most closely related to Decursusnirvana\u0000 Gao & Zhang and Sinonirvana Gao & Zhang. It differs from these genera primarily with regard to the morphology of the male genitalia. Although it shows some resemblance to representatives of the genus Chudania Distant in the structure of the aedeagus, it can be clearly\u0000 separated from this genus by the absence of a median carina from the facial part of the head. Details of the external morphology, as well as those of the male and female genitalia are documented (including scanning microscopy images). In addition, the phylogenetic relationships of several\u0000 species within the subfamily Evacanthinae and related groups are discussed, based on comparative analyses of the genetic sequences for histone (H3) and the mitochondrial gene of cytochrome oxidase c (COI).","PeriodicalId":50438,"journal":{"name":"Folia Biologica-Krakow","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44756758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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