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La incorporación y el aumento de oferta de alimentos industrializados en las dietas de las unidades domésticas y su relación con el abandono del sistema de subsistencia propio en las comunidades rurales mayas de Yucatán, México 在墨西哥yucatan的玛雅农村社区,将加工食品纳入家庭饮食并增加其供应及其与放弃自给自足系统的关系
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-05-08 DOI: 10.11144/JAVERIANA.CDR14-80.IAOA
David Enrique Otero Prevost, F. García, Ramón Mariaca Méndez, Francisco Guízar Vázquez
This research work focuses on the study of the relationship between the abandonment of the milpa, the subsistence system developed around corn as a basic crop in Mesoamerica, with the supply of industrialized foods. Thus, we analyze what factors are responsible for the inclusion of this type of food into the diet of the Mayan rural households of Yucatan, Mexico. By means of a two-way variance analysis, the proportionof industrialized foods consumed by peasant households that produced milpa was compared with those that no longer implemented it in communities with different industrialized food offerings. It was found that, compared with the households that no longer cultivated milpa, the milpa-producing communities consumed a smaller proportion of industrialized foods, regardless of the offer in their community of residence.
本研究的重点是研究中美洲以玉米为基本作物的生计系统milpa的放弃与工业化食品供应之间的关系。因此,我们分析了哪些因素负责将这种类型的食物纳入墨西哥尤卡坦半岛玛雅农村家庭的饮食。通过双向方差分析,比较了在不同工业化食品供应的社区中,生产milpa的农户与不再实施milpa的农户消费工业化食品的比例。研究发现,与不再种植milpa的家庭相比,生产milpa的社区消费的工业化食品比例更小,无论他们居住的社区提供什么。
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引用次数: 5
Ethnobotany of Medicinal Plants Among Family Farmers: Therapeutic Itinerary in the South Plateau of Santa Catarina State 家庭农民中药用植物的民族植物学:圣卡塔琳娜州南部高原的治疗路线
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-05-08 DOI: 10.11144/JAVERIANA.CDR14-80.EMPA
Patricia Patricia, P. Pedro
European immigrants —and those mixed with native people called caboclos— keep in Southern Brazil therapeutic peculiarities derived from the experience with the biodiversity present in highland fields ecosystems, associated with araucaria forests. The study systematized the popular knowledge about herbal medicine practices adopted by family farmers in the South Plateau of Santa Catarina State. Semi-structured interviews were adopted for the collection of information. Also, indices were adopted as estimates. The knowledge of medicinal plants shared by family farmers of the region appears as a sociocultural heritage, which is still present in rural communities in spite of land changes and alterations in land use.
欧洲移民——以及那些与被称为卡波克洛人的当地人混合在一起的移民——在巴西南部保留了一些独特的治疗方法,这些治疗方法来源于高原生态系统中存在的生物多样性的经验,这些生态系统与阿劳卡亚森林有关。该研究系统化了圣卡塔琳娜州南高原家庭农民所采用的草药实践的流行知识。采用半结构化访谈收集资料。采用指数作为估计。该地区家庭农民分享的药用植物知识似乎是一种社会文化遗产,尽管土地变化和土地利用的改变,这种知识仍然存在于农村社区。
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引用次数: 0
‘Emprender sin descuidar la casa’: posiciones y dinámicas organizativas en una asociación productiva de mujeres rurales “不忽视家庭的创业”:农村妇女生产性协会的地位和组织动态
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-05-08 DOI: 10.11144/JAVERIANA.CDR14-80.EDCP
Gloria Miryam Mora Guerrero, J. Belmar
El presente estudio explora el proceso de conformacion de un emprendimiento de tipo asociativo por mujeres rurales, al igual que su relacion con los roles de genero en el ambito domestico. Por medio de observaciones participantes y entrevistas, se trabajo con usuarias del Programa de Formacion y Capacitacion para Mujeres Campesinas, en La Araucania, region que se localiza en el sur de Chile. Conforme con un corpusteorico de enfoque constructivista, se caracterizaron las diferentes posiciones que ocupan las mujeres al interior de sus organizaciones, segun la forma como articulan su rol asociativo con la division sexual del trabajo tradicional en sus grupos familiares. En ese sentido, las conclusiones alientan la generacion de metodologias que fomenten la participacion de las mujeres en emprendimientos asociativos, y consideren a la vez sus intereses y colocaciones en las estructuras de genero de las zonas rurales.
在这一过程中,农村妇女的经济和社会地位发生了变化,她们的经济和社会地位也发生了变化。通过参与者的观察和访谈,我们与智利南部阿劳坎尼亚地区农村妇女培训和培训方案的使用者进行了工作。本文采用建构主义的方法,根据女性在家庭群体中传统的性别分工中所扮演的联想角色,描述了她们在组织中所扮演的不同角色。在这方面,结论鼓励制定鼓励妇女参与联合企业的方法,同时考虑到她们的利益和她们在农村地区性别结构中的地位。
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引用次数: 2
Agroecology in the Brazilian Government Agenda: Developments between 2011 and 2014 巴西政府议程中的农业生态学:2011年至2014年的发展
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2017-06-30 DOI: 10.11144/JAVERIANA.CDR14-79.ABGA
Iracema Ferrerira de Moura, Cezar Augusto Miranda Guedes, R. L. D. Assis
Since 2003, in Brazil, the agroecological perspective is present in punctual public policies of the federal government. In 2012, with a convergent action of the agroecological movement and the organic production, it was created the National Policy for Agroecology and Organic Production. This article presents a reconstruction of the process, while highlighting involved actors, as well as their demands and interests, ideas, and main forums. Despite its limitations and conflicts, the PNAPO is a benchmark and a political achievement, having insured the agroecological agenda in the public policies inter-related to rural development, food sovereignty, and the human right to adequate food
自2003年以来,在巴西,农业生态观点出现在联邦政府准时的公共政策中。2012年,在生态农业运动和有机生产的共同作用下,制定了《生态农业和有机生产国家政策》。本文对这一过程进行了重构,同时强调了参与的参与者,以及他们的需求和利益、想法和主要论坛。尽管有其局限性和冲突,但PNAPO是一个基准和一项政治成就,它在与农村发展、粮食主权和获得充足食物的人权相关的公共政策中确保了农业生态议程
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引用次数: 2
Crisis and the Impacts of Crisis on the Inhabitants of Rural Space: the Case of a Village in North West Portugal 危机及其对乡村空间居民的影响——以葡萄牙西北部一个村庄为例
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2017-06-30 DOI: 10.11144/JAVERIANA.CDR14-79.CICI
M. Silva, António Cardoso
In 2011, Portugal, suffering the impact of the 2008 crisis, both for internal and external reasons, requested financial assistance from the Troika (IMF/ECB/EU). The Portuguese experienced company bankruptcies, cuts to salaries and pensions, rising unemployment and job insecurity and difficulties in paying their mortgages. Despite severe austerity programs and formal exit of the Troika, Portugal failed to reduce public debt. In this article, after giving a brief overview of development models, we will focus our attention on the impacts of the crisis in rural areas and the diverse perceptions of crisis by different groups and families. As a case study, we will consider the strategies employed by residents of a parish in the municipality of Barcelos (Braga, Minho), to reduce the damage caused by the crisis. Against the mainstream liberal perspective and the traditional Marxist thesis we sustain that rural people adopt an attitude of resiliency in relation to the austerity program and on the basis of empirical qualitative research methods we can witness creative familial strategies to survive: migration, exploiting the potentialities of the land, taking advantage of artisanal and commercial opportunities in order to cope with the difficulties caused by the crisis.
2011年,葡萄牙受到2008年危机的影响,出于内部和外部原因,向三驾马车(IMF/ECB/EU)请求财政援助。葡萄牙人经历了公司破产、工资和养老金削减、失业率上升、工作不稳定以及难以支付抵押贷款。尽管实施了严厉的紧缩计划,并正式退出了三驾马车,但葡萄牙未能减少公共债务。在本文中,在简要概述了发展模式之后,我们将重点关注危机对农村地区的影响以及不同群体和家庭对危机的不同看法。作为一个案例研究,我们将考虑巴塞罗斯市(布拉加,米尼奥)教区居民为减少危机造成的损害所采取的策略。与主流的自由主义观点和传统的马克思主义论点相反,我们坚持认为,农村人民对紧缩计划采取了一种弹性的态度,在实证定性研究方法的基础上,我们可以看到创造性的家庭生存策略:移民,利用土地的潜力,利用手工业和商业机会,以应对危机造成的困难。
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引用次数: 4
Valuing coral reef preservation in a Caribbean Marine Protected Area. Economic impact of scuba diving in corals of Rosario and San Bernardo National Natural Park, Colombia 评估加勒比海海洋保护区的珊瑚礁保护。哥伦比亚罗萨里奥和圣贝纳多国家自然公园珊瑚水肺潜水的经济影响
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2017-06-30 DOI: 10.11144/JAVERIANA.CDR14-79.VCRP
J. C. Trujillo, Elkin J. Navas, D. M. Vargas
This study estimates the economic value of scuba diving services in the Corals of Rosario and San Bernardo National Natural Park, Colombia. Although this park attracts a high number of divers, dredging of an adjacent channel threatens the sustainability of its reefs system. Using the travel cost method, we apply truncated count data models to estimate demand for scuba diving services. We estimate the annual benefit of diving services and consumer surplus for both domestic and foreign divers. The estimates obtained can be used to inform further assessments of the value of recreational scuba diving in these coral reefs.
本研究估计了哥伦比亚罗萨里奥和圣贝纳多国家自然公园珊瑚潜水服务的经济价值。虽然这个公园吸引了大量的潜水员,但邻近航道的疏浚威胁到其珊瑚礁系统的可持续性。使用旅行成本法,我们应用截断计数数据模型来估计对水肺潜水服务的需求。我们对国内外潜水者每年的潜水服务收益和消费者剩余进行了估算。获得的估算值可用于进一步评估在这些珊瑚礁进行娱乐性水肺潜水的价值。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding the Linkages between Small-Scale Producers and Consumers through the Analysis of Short Food Supply Chains in a Local Market in Nopala de Villagrán, Hidalgo, Mexico 通过对墨西哥伊达尔戈Nopala de Villagrán当地市场短食品供应链的分析,了解小规模生产者与消费者之间的联系
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2017-06-30 DOI: 10.11144/JAVERIANA.CDR14-79.ULSP
Anabel Romero‐López, F. Ramos
Producer-consumer linkages in a small rural market in Mexico are studied. Two short food supply chains were identified, which reduce producer-consumer distance and enable the exchange of information regarding egg origin and farming practices. This allowed the creation of food symbolism, increased consumers knowledge and trust on producer and their products. Producers increased knowledge regarding egg characteristics demanded and ways to satisfy such demand. It is concluded that small-scale egg producers are able to sale highly valued eggs by their tangible/intangible attributes, allowing closeness, confidence, food symbolism and exchange of information with consumers.
研究了墨西哥一个小型农村市场的生产者-消费者联系。确定了两条短食品供应链,缩短了生产者与消费者之间的距离,并使有关鸡蛋来源和耕作方法的信息得以交流。这使得食物象征的创造,增加了消费者的知识和对生产者及其产品的信任。生产者增加了对所需鸡蛋特性和满足这种需求的方法的了解。结论是,小规模鸡蛋生产者能够通过其有形/无形属性销售高价值鸡蛋,从而与消费者建立亲密、信任、食品象征和信息交流。
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引用次数: 4
Participatory impact assessment of public policies on rural development in Colombia and Mexico 哥伦比亚和墨西哥农村发展公共政策参与性影响评估
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2016-12-20 DOI: 10.11144/JAVERIANA.CDR13-78.PIAP
Fabio Alberto Pachón Ariza, W. Bokelmann, C. Miranda
The participation of stakeholders in the design and application of rural development policies is one of the major concerns of policy makers. The Framework for Participatory Impact Assessment (FoPIA) is a methodology to measure the impact of policies, which could include different stakeholders. This paper used FoPIA to assess the impact of rural development policies in Mexico and Colombia. The results showed a positive impact in the case of Mexico, whereas in Colombia, just one of the policies showed positive results. In both cases, social themes were remarked in order to take them into account at the moment of designing rural development policies.
利益相关者参与农村发展政策的设计和实施是政策制定者关注的主要问题之一。参与式影响评估框架(foia)是一种衡量政策影响的方法,可以包括不同的利益相关者。本文利用foia来评估墨西哥和哥伦比亚农村发展政策的影响。结果显示,在墨西哥的情况下产生了积极影响,而在哥伦比亚,只有一项政策显示出积极效果。在这两种情况下,都提到了社会主题,以便在设计农村发展政策时考虑到这些主题。
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引用次数: 2
Impactos socioeconómicos del cambio climático en América Latina y el Caribe: 2020-2045 气候变化对拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的社会经济影响:2020-2045
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2016-12-20 DOI: 10.11144/JAVERIANA.CDR13-78.ISCC
Jesús José Rodríguez de Luque, C. Rodríguez, S. Gourdji, Daniel Mason-D’Croz, Diego Obando-Bonilla, Jeison Mesa-Diez, Steve Prager
En America Latina y el Caribe (ALC), el arroz, el trigo, el maiz, el frijol y la soya juegan un papel importante debido a sus aportes a la economia y a la seguridad alimentaria. Dada la existencia de evidencia que senala que a nivel mundial se presentarian cambios en el clima en el mediano plazo, en el presente texto se evaluan los impactos socioeconomicos que habria a niveles de ALC si no fueran implementadas medidas de adaptacion. Con este fin, se realiza una integracion entre modelos climaticos, de cultivos y economicos. Los resultados muestran que los crecimientos de las producciones de maiz y frijol caerian de manera importante en Nicaragua, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Colombia, Venezuela y Brasil, y los del arroz y trigo presentarian importantes disminuciones en Brasil, Argentina y Uruguay. Finalmente, se encuentra que el cambio climatico tiene la capacidad de frenar parte de los avances en materia de seguridad alimentaria en la region, debido a sus efectos negativos sobre la disponibilidad de alimentos.
在拉丁美洲和加勒比地区,大米、小麦、玉米、豆类和大豆发挥着重要作用,因为它们对经济和粮食安全作出了贡献。由于有证据表明,在全球范围内,气候变化将在中期出现,本文评估了如果不实施适应措施,lac水平的社会经济影响。为此目的,气候、作物和经济模型之间进行了整合。结果表明,尼加拉瓜、萨尔瓦多、危地马拉、洪都拉斯、哥伦比亚、委内瑞拉和巴西的玉米和豆类产量将大幅下降,而巴西、阿根廷和乌拉圭的大米和小麦产量将大幅下降。最后,由于气候变化对粮食供应的负面影响,气候变化有能力减缓该地区粮食安全方面的部分进展。
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引用次数: 7
¿Contribuyen las prácticas agroecológicas a la sustentabilidad en la Agricultura Familiar de Montaña? El caso de Curarrehue, región de la Araucanía, Chile. 农业生态实践是否有助于山地家庭农业的可持续性?Curarrehue案例,araucania地区,智利。
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2016-12-20 DOI: 10.11144/JAVERIANA.CDR13-78.CPAS
Nicolas Ricardo Fuentes Acuña, Carla Marchant
La sustentabilidad de la agricultura familiar (AF) ha cobrado interes en el actual escenario de cambio ambiental global. En este contexto, los sistemas agricolas de montana son uno de los menos estudiados, a pesar que permiten el manejo predial manteniendo practicas tradicionales. La investigacion analiza mediante la metodologia MESMIS, el grado de sustentabilidad de predios de AF con enfoque agroecologico y convencional, con el fin de visibilizar el aporte de la AF con enfoque agroecologico a la sustentabilidad predial en territorios de montana, en particular el caso de Curarrehue, en la Araucania Andina Chilena. Los resultados muestran que la utilizacion de practicas agroecologicas, basadas en los conocimientos locales, son mecanismos que permiten un mejor desempeno de las unidades familiares en los ambitos ambiental, economico y social.
在当前全球环境变化的背景下,家庭农业的可持续性引起了人们的兴趣。在这方面,蒙大拿州的农业系统是研究最少的,尽管它们允许在保持传统做法的同时进行土地管理。调查分析通过metodologia MESMIS,训练场AF采纳可持续发展程度agroecologico和传统,以突出贡献的AF注重agroecologico降落在蒙大拿领地可持续性Curarrehue而言,尤其是在安第斯Araucania智利。本研究的目的是评估家庭单位在环境、经济和社会方面的表现,以及它们在农业生态实践中的作用。
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引用次数: 15
期刊
Cuadernos De Desarrollo Rural
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