Pub Date : 2023-12-25DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-162-165
D. V. Hosoev, V.V. Kiselev
The harsh climatic conditions of the cryolithic zone with its long winter period and presence of permafrost soils significantly slow down all technological processes in surface mining. The resistance of frozen rocks at coal mines to digging with mining equipment can be reduced by their preliminary softening with the use of surfactants. The paper discusses the softening effect of aqueous surfactant solutions on samples of frozen overburden rocks. The authors demonstrate that treatment of rocks with solutions of optimal composition and concentration decreases their strength, which makes it possible to enhance the efficiency of In-Pit Crushing and Conveying Systems based on the rotary mechanical shovel in combination with a conveyor as well as the use of continuous miners. Experimental data are presented on the strength properties of artificially made samples of overburden rocks from the Kangalassky coal deposit saturated with surfactant solutions of different concentrations. The authors point out that the highest decrease in the samples strength is achieved when using aqueous solution of aluminum chloride. The results of experiments carried out to establish the effects of distilled water (H2O) and NaCl solutions of different concentrations on the strength properties of fine-grained sandstones from the Elga coal deposit are presented, which confirm that at the temperature of -10°С the maximum reduction of up to 55% is achieved in the strength of the samples, and when the temperature decreases from -10°С to -20°С a slight increase is observed in the sample strength. The authors suggest that the use of surfactants will reduce the strength of the frozen overburden soils, thus making it possible to apply a blast-free mining technology.
{"title":"Effects of surfactant treatment on the strength of frozen overburden soil samples from coal deposits in the cryolithic zone","authors":"D. V. Hosoev, V.V. Kiselev","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-162-165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-162-165","url":null,"abstract":"The harsh climatic conditions of the cryolithic zone with its long winter period and presence of permafrost soils significantly slow down all technological processes in surface mining. The resistance of frozen rocks at coal mines to digging with mining equipment can be reduced by their preliminary softening with the use of surfactants. The paper discusses the softening effect of aqueous surfactant solutions on samples of frozen overburden rocks. The authors demonstrate that treatment of rocks with solutions of optimal composition and concentration decreases their strength, which makes it possible to enhance the efficiency of In-Pit Crushing and Conveying Systems based on the rotary mechanical shovel in combination with a conveyor as well as the use of continuous miners. Experimental data are presented on the strength properties of artificially made samples of overburden rocks from the Kangalassky coal deposit saturated with surfactant solutions of different concentrations. The authors point out that the highest decrease in the samples strength is achieved when using aqueous solution of aluminum chloride. The results of experiments carried out to establish the effects of distilled water (H2O) and NaCl solutions of different concentrations on the strength properties of fine-grained sandstones from the Elga coal deposit are presented, which confirm that at the temperature of -10°С the maximum reduction of up to 55% is achieved in the strength of the samples, and when the temperature decreases from -10°С to -20°С a slight increase is observed in the sample strength. The authors suggest that the use of surfactants will reduce the strength of the frozen overburden soils, thus making it possible to apply a blast-free mining technology.","PeriodicalId":506182,"journal":{"name":"Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost)","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-25DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-51-55
T. V. Nasibullina
The main objective of systematic efforts of mining enterprises in securing the safety of mining operations is not an abstract reduction in the workplace injury rates, but prevention of dangerous incidents through specific measures. At the current technological state, such measures can be reliably ensured through building a unified digital environment of a hazardous production facility. Implementation of the mine digitalization projects requires application of multi-service networks as a unified data transmission environment. The article discusses the requirements for such networks, the challenges of selecting the core technology, as well as advantages and disadvantages of existing solutions. Using the case of a Russian technical solution, it is shown why in terms of efficiency and cost the optimal technology to create reliable high-load multi-functional security and communication systems at mining enterprises is the industrial Wi-Fi networks. Modern modifications of the Wi-Fi standard make it possible to cover more and more technological possibilities, e.g. location detection, monitoring of objects behind walls, motion and gesture capture and recognition. The channel bandwidth is also growing. Every 2-3 years, new modifications of standards and, accordingly, equipment with their support are released. In 2024, a new Wi-Fi 7 standard (IEEE802.11be) is planned to be released, which allows to provide data transmission speeds of up to 46 Gbps, as well as the ability to use several access points in parallel, which increases the flexibility of the network, its load capacity and stability of the radio signal for connected client devices.
{"title":"Selection of data transmission technology for digital mine design","authors":"T. V. Nasibullina","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-51-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-51-55","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of systematic efforts of mining enterprises in securing the safety of mining operations is not an abstract reduction in the workplace injury rates, but prevention of dangerous incidents through specific measures. At the current technological state, such measures can be reliably ensured through building a unified digital environment of a hazardous production facility. Implementation of the mine digitalization projects requires application of multi-service networks as a unified data transmission environment. The article discusses the requirements for such networks, the challenges of selecting the core technology, as well as advantages and disadvantages of existing solutions. Using the case of a Russian technical solution, it is shown why in terms of efficiency and cost the optimal technology to create reliable high-load multi-functional security and communication systems at mining enterprises is the industrial Wi-Fi networks. Modern modifications of the Wi-Fi standard make it possible to cover more and more technological possibilities, e.g. location detection, monitoring of objects behind walls, motion and gesture capture and recognition. The channel bandwidth is also growing. Every 2-3 years, new modifications of standards and, accordingly, equipment with their support are released. In 2024, a new Wi-Fi 7 standard (IEEE802.11be) is planned to be released, which allows to provide data transmission speeds of up to 46 Gbps, as well as the ability to use several access points in parallel, which increases the flexibility of the network, its load capacity and stability of the radio signal for connected client devices.","PeriodicalId":506182,"journal":{"name":"Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost)","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139157952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-25DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-75-80
V. D. Kantemirov, A. Yakovlev, R. Titov, A.V. Timokhin
Introduction. In-pit excavators, which provide removal and loading of muck piles, are one of the main process links in the system of complex mechanization of open-pit mines. The level of mining operation intensity is determined by the arrangement of excavators in the open pit. Research objective. The research aims to develop a method of automated positioning of excavators at the production benches of the open pit mine. Methodology. Arrangement of in-pit excavators excavators at the production benches of the open pit mine is based on calculations, computer modeling and ia made with account of technical and operational parameters of the excavators, as well as estimation of the active front of mining operations. The main stage of solving the formulated problem is the construction of block models of the ore body, modeling of mining operations, and building a model of the open pit mine by the stages of the deposit development. Based on the results of block modeling, the optimal length of the excavator block at the production bench for the selected model of the face excavator is determined. Results. The article proposes a methodology for planning excavator operations in the open pit mine and positioning of the face excavators based on computer modeling of the mining operations progress with due account of the volume of rock mass handling on the open pit bench, the length of the active front, the mineral grade, the given rate of development, the accepted models of excavators and other attributive computer data. Based on the block model, the excavators are positioned on the production benches of the open pit mine. The proposed approach allows a prompt consideration of many options to arrange face excavators in the open pit ore mine in a semi-automatic mode and select the best option to increase the mining efficiency. Conclusions. The proposed methodology allows to promptly solve in a semi-automatic mode the issues of opening the lower levels of deep pits, to consider many options for placing face excavators in the ore pit and choose the best option, contributes to minimizing the operational risks in the development of complex-structured deposits and complex extraction of raw materials.
{"title":"Methodology of planning excavator operations in open pit mines based on computer modeling","authors":"V. D. Kantemirov, A. Yakovlev, R. Titov, A.V. Timokhin","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-75-80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-75-80","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In-pit excavators, which provide removal and loading of muck piles, are one of the main process links in the system of complex mechanization of open-pit mines. The level of mining operation intensity is determined by the arrangement of excavators in the open pit. Research objective. The research aims to develop a method of automated positioning of excavators at the production benches of the open pit mine. Methodology. Arrangement of in-pit excavators excavators at the production benches of the open pit mine is based on calculations, computer modeling and ia made with account of technical and operational parameters of the excavators, as well as estimation of the active front of mining operations. The main stage of solving the formulated problem is the construction of block models of the ore body, modeling of mining operations, and building a model of the open pit mine by the stages of the deposit development. Based on the results of block modeling, the optimal length of the excavator block at the production bench for the selected model of the face excavator is determined. Results. The article proposes a methodology for planning excavator operations in the open pit mine and positioning of the face excavators based on computer modeling of the mining operations progress with due account of the volume of rock mass handling on the open pit bench, the length of the active front, the mineral grade, the given rate of development, the accepted models of excavators and other attributive computer data. Based on the block model, the excavators are positioned on the production benches of the open pit mine. The proposed approach allows a prompt consideration of many options to arrange face excavators in the open pit ore mine in a semi-automatic mode and select the best option to increase the mining efficiency. Conclusions. The proposed methodology allows to promptly solve in a semi-automatic mode the issues of opening the lower levels of deep pits, to consider many options for placing face excavators in the ore pit and choose the best option, contributes to minimizing the operational risks in the development of complex-structured deposits and complex extraction of raw materials.","PeriodicalId":506182,"journal":{"name":"Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost)","volume":"33 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139158208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-25DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-128-136
I. E. Kolesnichenko, E.A. Kolesnichenko, E. I. Lyubomishchenko, E. Kolesnichenko
The article addresses the challenge of improving the competence and basic knowledge of specialists working with alternating electric current. The purpose of this work is to explain the magnetic properties of substance, generation of magnetic field and electric current with due account for the known laws of physics and the Quantum theory. We believe that addressing these tasks needs to begin with the energy produced by the magnet. The method of inducing electric energy using magnetic field of a permanent magnet is chosen as the research subject. The historical mythological bases of interpreting the induction of electric energy are shown. Modern instruments prove that the magnetic field is the electromagnetic emissions of magnets. A hypothesis regarding the origin of magnetic properties of substance is developed based on analysis of the known magnetic properties of alpha-iron. Two features of the magnetic properties of substance have been revealed, which differ from Ampere's ideas. The first is the local volume of atoms combined by short-acting covalent bonds, forming a natural crystalline or artificially elongated structure. The second is that the frequency of electromagnetic emissions by the valence electrons of all the atoms in Hertz is approximately the same. The total radiation of energy by all the atoms in local formations generates a magnetic field. The hypothesis is confirmed by circuits and information on instruments that measure the emission of magnets in Hertz. When the energy absorbed by electrons increases, the bond between atoms is broken and magnetic emissions cease. All substances in liquid and solid aggregate state begin to radiate electromagnetic emissions to other substances under the impact of external electromagnetic emissions. This is confirmed by photographic evidence of the performed experiments. A hypothesis is proposed, which differs from the ideas about the movement of free electrons by the fact that the formation of electric current is the result of absorbing electromagnetic emissions of the magnet by valence electrons of the electrical conductor and their transfer into the electric network. The physical phenomena of energy transfer between the transformer windings in an electric circuit prove that electric current is a concentrated flow of electromagnetic emissions, which are a wave form of energy.
{"title":"Alternating electric current in coal mines: electromagnetic energy and its conversion into electric current","authors":"I. E. Kolesnichenko, E.A. Kolesnichenko, E. I. Lyubomishchenko, E. Kolesnichenko","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-128-136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-128-136","url":null,"abstract":"The article addresses the challenge of improving the competence and basic knowledge of specialists working with alternating electric current. The purpose of this work is to explain the magnetic properties of substance, generation of magnetic field and electric current with due account for the known laws of physics and the Quantum theory. We believe that addressing these tasks needs to begin with the energy produced by the magnet. The method of inducing electric energy using magnetic field of a permanent magnet is chosen as the research subject. The historical mythological bases of interpreting the induction of electric energy are shown. Modern instruments prove that the magnetic field is the electromagnetic emissions of magnets. A hypothesis regarding the origin of magnetic properties of substance is developed based on analysis of the known magnetic properties of alpha-iron. Two features of the magnetic properties of substance have been revealed, which differ from Ampere's ideas. The first is the local volume of atoms combined by short-acting covalent bonds, forming a natural crystalline or artificially elongated structure. The second is that the frequency of electromagnetic emissions by the valence electrons of all the atoms in Hertz is approximately the same. The total radiation of energy by all the atoms in local formations generates a magnetic field. The hypothesis is confirmed by circuits and information on instruments that measure the emission of magnets in Hertz. When the energy absorbed by electrons increases, the bond between atoms is broken and magnetic emissions cease. All substances in liquid and solid aggregate state begin to radiate electromagnetic emissions to other substances under the impact of external electromagnetic emissions. This is confirmed by photographic evidence of the performed experiments. A hypothesis is proposed, which differs from the ideas about the movement of free electrons by the fact that the formation of electric current is the result of absorbing electromagnetic emissions of the magnet by valence electrons of the electrical conductor and their transfer into the electric network. The physical phenomena of energy transfer between the transformer windings in an electric circuit prove that electric current is a concentrated flow of electromagnetic emissions, which are a wave form of energy.","PeriodicalId":506182,"journal":{"name":"Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost)","volume":"15 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139158254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-25DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-33-36
I.N. Groznov
The article describes a technological solution implemented as a fully automated station for neutralization of industrial wastewater that contains heavy metal ions, for example, water generated during mining of non-ferrous metal ores using underground or surface mining systems. This technology makes it possible to purify acidic wastewater from toxic metal ions, e.g. copper, zinc, iron to match the maximum permissible concentrations for fishery water bodies. The essence of the technology consists in saturation of the lime milk fed into the stream of adit effluents with carbon dioxide pumped together with the atmospheric air or produced by combustion of carbon-containing fuels. The presence of carbonate groups facilitates formation of practically insoluble dihydrocarbonates of heavy metals, particularly those of copper.
{"title":"Automated station for neutralization of mine and underspoil effluents from heavy metal ions","authors":"I.N. Groznov","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-33-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-33-36","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes a technological solution implemented as a fully automated station for neutralization of industrial wastewater that contains heavy metal ions, for example, water generated during mining of non-ferrous metal ores using underground or surface mining systems. This technology makes it possible to purify acidic wastewater from toxic metal ions, e.g. copper, zinc, iron to match the maximum permissible concentrations for fishery water bodies. The essence of the technology consists in saturation of the lime milk fed into the stream of adit effluents with carbon dioxide pumped together with the atmospheric air or produced by combustion of carbon-containing fuels. The presence of carbonate groups facilitates formation of practically insoluble dihydrocarbonates of heavy metals, particularly those of copper.","PeriodicalId":506182,"journal":{"name":"Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost)","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139157563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-25DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-155-161
I. Pytalev, D. Domozhirov, E.V. Borisenko, Yu.K. Iltinin
The sphere and conditions for application of the water-in-oil type of emulsion explosives in deposits of the Southern Urals and Kuzbass have been justified. Two sub-classes of these types of emulsion explosives are defined depending on the main components used at the final stage of their production (a blast hole or mixing and charging machine) with or without addition of dry ammonium nitrate. Diagrams of semi-stationary and mobile technological complexes have been justified for production of emulsion explosives. A rationale was provided for the selection of the competing methods to produce and deliver emulsion explosives using the case of UK Kuzbassrazrezugol JSC with account of technological and economic factors. Three competing options were considered: (1) a stationary or semi-stationary technological complex to produce emulsion explosives; (2) a stationary technological complex based on the existing plant of Nitro Siberia-Kuzbass JSC (Kemerovo) under an outsourcing agreement; (3) a mobile technological complex as a case of partial outsourcing to the Nitro Siberia-Kuzbass JSC plant. Comparison of the competing options helped to identify the third option as the priority. In this option the cost of emulsion explosives is affected by the cost of basic components at the chemical plant; depreciation of the self-propelled component delivery vehicles (10-15 vehicles); operating and maintenance costs of the delivery vehicles; rental of the mixing and charging machines (1-2 vehicles) to produce and charge the emulsion explosives. After covering the capital expenses (1-1,5 years) there will be a reduction in cost up to 20% as compared to the second option.
{"title":"Justification for the choice of emulsion explosives production and delivery method when introducinga new technological mode at high-capacity coal mines in Kuzbass","authors":"I. Pytalev, D. Domozhirov, E.V. Borisenko, Yu.K. Iltinin","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-155-161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-155-161","url":null,"abstract":"The sphere and conditions for application of the water-in-oil type of emulsion explosives in deposits of the Southern Urals and Kuzbass have been justified. Two sub-classes of these types of emulsion explosives are defined depending on the main components used at the final stage of their production (a blast hole or mixing and charging machine) with or without addition of dry ammonium nitrate. Diagrams of semi-stationary and mobile technological complexes have been justified for production of emulsion explosives. A rationale was provided for the selection of the competing methods to produce and deliver emulsion explosives using the case of UK Kuzbassrazrezugol JSC with account of technological and economic factors. Three competing options were considered: (1) a stationary or semi-stationary technological complex to produce emulsion explosives; (2) a stationary technological complex based on the existing plant of Nitro Siberia-Kuzbass JSC (Kemerovo) under an outsourcing agreement; (3) a mobile technological complex as a case of partial outsourcing to the Nitro Siberia-Kuzbass JSC plant. Comparison of the competing options helped to identify the third option as the priority. In this option the cost of emulsion explosives is affected by the cost of basic components at the chemical plant; depreciation of the self-propelled component delivery vehicles (10-15 vehicles); operating and maintenance costs of the delivery vehicles; rental of the mixing and charging machines (1-2 vehicles) to produce and charge the emulsion explosives. After covering the capital expenses (1-1,5 years) there will be a reduction in cost up to 20% as compared to the second option.","PeriodicalId":506182,"journal":{"name":"Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost)","volume":"17 5‐6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139158190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-25DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-81-88
M. Rylnikova, P.V. Volkov, I.B. Agarkov
Productivity of a mining enterprise is limited by the possibility of its transportation subsystem, which efficiency improvement is an urgent scientific and practical task. Studying the processes of formation and transformation of material flows allows us to clarify the design methodology of continuous haulage systems. The normative methodology of belt conveyors selection is based on treating the material flows as normally distributed random variables, with the point value, i.e. the irregularity coefficient, being used as the main indicator. There are doubts in methodological justification of such an approach. The normal law of distribution in the classical variant adequately describes a random variable changing within infinite limits, and real mine material flows via the conveyor lines are random variables with unilateral constraints. The majority of tasks on finding the design ranges of material flows can be solved using experimentally established distribution functions (or probability density functions) of random quantities of material flows. Based on the publications in recent years, as well as on our own experimental studies, it is proposed to describe material flows by piecewise linear probability density functions, in particular the triangular ones, and to summarize material flows on the basis of general theoretical provisions of classical probability theory. The paper solves a particular problem of finding an analytical solution of the sum of two random material flows defined by the triangular distribution laws and compares the results of numerical integration of the probability densities of the material flows.
{"title":"Development of technological schemes and justification of parameters for bolting the eastern wall of the Zhelezny open-pit with cable and rope bolts based on collection and analysis of Big Data","authors":"M. Rylnikova, P.V. Volkov, I.B. Agarkov","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-81-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-81-88","url":null,"abstract":"Productivity of a mining enterprise is limited by the possibility of its transportation subsystem, which efficiency improvement is an urgent scientific and practical task. Studying the processes of formation and transformation of material flows allows us to clarify the design methodology of continuous haulage systems. The normative methodology of belt conveyors selection is based on treating the material flows as normally distributed random variables, with the point value, i.e. the irregularity coefficient, being used as the main indicator. There are doubts in methodological justification of such an approach. The normal law of distribution in the classical variant adequately describes a random variable changing within infinite limits, and real mine material flows via the conveyor lines are random variables with unilateral constraints. The majority of tasks on finding the design ranges of material flows can be solved using experimentally established distribution functions (or probability density functions) of random quantities of material flows. Based on the publications in recent years, as well as on our own experimental studies, it is proposed to describe material flows by piecewise linear probability density functions, in particular the triangular ones, and to summarize material flows on the basis of general theoretical provisions of classical probability theory. The paper solves a particular problem of finding an analytical solution of the sum of two random material flows defined by the triangular distribution laws and compares the results of numerical integration of the probability densities of the material flows.","PeriodicalId":506182,"journal":{"name":"Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost)","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139158314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-25DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-64-70
V.N. Zakharov, V. S. Zaburdyaev, E.V. Fedorov, A. Shlyapin
The experience of degassing coal seams using underground boreholes is summarized, scientifically based schemes and parameters of degassing coal seams and the mined out space with directional boreholes in extended excavation areas of shallow coal mines are proposed. The initial gas-dynamic parameters of the excavation area were determined according to the permissible methane content of the breakage face by the gas factor, the methane content of the coal seam in the zone of its excavation by the combine. The lower limit of the methane-bearing capacity of the mined seam, at which preliminary degassing of the coal mass is necessary, is scientifically justified. The dependences of the natural methane content of coal seams on the depth of their occurrence in the conditions of Kuzbass and Vorkuta coal deposits, the effect of natural degassing of the formation by a breakage face, the determining role of degassing by drilling long directional boreholes along the mined and converged coal seams at the excavation areas of high-performance mines, the use of the provisions of the industrial regulations of the integrated technology of extraction and utilization of mine methane are experimentally established as well as forecasts of the absolute methane content of the stoping area by the sources of methane release during the coal extraction.
{"title":"Safety of high-performance breakage faces in methane-producing mines","authors":"V.N. Zakharov, V. S. Zaburdyaev, E.V. Fedorov, A. Shlyapin","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-64-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-64-70","url":null,"abstract":"The experience of degassing coal seams using underground boreholes is summarized, scientifically based schemes and parameters of degassing coal seams and the mined out space with directional boreholes in extended excavation areas of shallow coal mines are proposed. The initial gas-dynamic parameters of the excavation area were determined according to the permissible methane content of the breakage face by the gas factor, the methane content of the coal seam in the zone of its excavation by the combine. The lower limit of the methane-bearing capacity of the mined seam, at which preliminary degassing of the coal mass is necessary, is scientifically justified. The dependences of the natural methane content of coal seams on the depth of their occurrence in the conditions of Kuzbass and Vorkuta coal deposits, the effect of natural degassing of the formation by a breakage face, the determining role of degassing by drilling long directional boreholes along the mined and converged coal seams at the excavation areas of high-performance mines, the use of the provisions of the industrial regulations of the integrated technology of extraction and utilization of mine methane are experimentally established as well as forecasts of the absolute methane content of the stoping area by the sources of methane release during the coal extraction.","PeriodicalId":506182,"journal":{"name":"Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost)","volume":"16 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139158444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-25DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-137-142
A. Myakotnykh, P.V. Ivanova, S.L. Ivanov
Ensuring the national security of the state is the main path of its development. One of the priority areas is the efficient extraction of natural resources in combination with rational environmental management within the framework of climateneutral economic activities based on the best available technologies. The National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation specifies such ways to achieve the desired results in this area as sustainable development of the mineral resource base, ecological regeneration of territories, prevention of aquatic ecosystems pollution, their restoration, as well as replacement of imported equipment with mining and technological machines of Russian manufacturers, development of scientific infrastructure, etc. One of the strategically important resources is peat (Russia has 35% of the world's peat reserves), however, its significant reserves are heavily waterlogged and the drainage of peat deposits negatively affects the state of the environment. This requires the development of new technologies and equipment for their implementation and the development of an expanded classification of peat extraction complexes. The classification presented by the authors structures the existing complexes. It serves as a guideline regarding the relevance of developing new peat mining complexes in relation to the conditions for the implementation of their geotechnology, as well as regarding the type of movement of complexes and the type of product they produce.
{"title":"On classification of peat extraction complexes","authors":"A. Myakotnykh, P.V. Ivanova, S.L. Ivanov","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-137-142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-137-142","url":null,"abstract":"Ensuring the national security of the state is the main path of its development. One of the priority areas is the efficient extraction of natural resources in combination with rational environmental management within the framework of climateneutral economic activities based on the best available technologies. The National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation specifies such ways to achieve the desired results in this area as sustainable development of the mineral resource base, ecological regeneration of territories, prevention of aquatic ecosystems pollution, their restoration, as well as replacement of imported equipment with mining and technological machines of Russian manufacturers, development of scientific infrastructure, etc. One of the strategically important resources is peat (Russia has 35% of the world's peat reserves), however, its significant reserves are heavily waterlogged and the drainage of peat deposits negatively affects the state of the environment. This requires the development of new technologies and equipment for their implementation and the development of an expanded classification of peat extraction complexes. The classification presented by the authors structures the existing complexes. It serves as a guideline regarding the relevance of developing new peat mining complexes in relation to the conditions for the implementation of their geotechnology, as well as regarding the type of movement of complexes and the type of product they produce.","PeriodicalId":506182,"journal":{"name":"Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-25DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-109-115
S. V. Cherdantsev, P. Shlapakov, K. Lebedev
Indispensable attributes in underground coal mining are methane and coal dust of various particle sizes. When they are mixed, coal-gas mixtures are formed, predisposed to various hazardous and extremely hazardous gas-dynamic phenomena, primarily to sudden emissions, accompanied by formation of cavities in the coal massif and intensive release of coal-gas mixtures from these cavities into the mine workings. The article deals with the problem of a one-dimensional stationary flow of a gas-coal mixture in an underground cone-shaped cavity formed during a sudden release. The Euler equation of motion and the continuity equation are used as the basic equations. As a result of their transformation, an ordinary differential equation of the first order is obtained, for which the Cauchy problem is formulated. The solution to the Cauchy problem is a transcendental equation with respect to the desired Mach numbers. The roots of the transcendental equation are calculated using the MathCAD mathematical software suite. Upon finding the Mach numbers, the remaining parameters of the mixture are determined, i.e. the pressure, density and temperature of the gas-coal mixture at any point in the conical region, including their critical values. Graphs are constructed that were used as the basis to establish some regularities of the one-dimensional stationary flow of a gascoal mixture in a conical region. In particular, it was found that with an increase in the Mach number, parameters of the gas-coal mixture decrease non-linearly, and with an increase in the Poisson's adiabatic index, the pressure and temperature decrease, and the density increases.
{"title":"Analysis of a sudden release of a gas-coal mixture from a conical cavity formed during the gas outburst","authors":"S. V. Cherdantsev, P. Shlapakov, K. Lebedev","doi":"10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-109-115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2023-6-109-115","url":null,"abstract":"Indispensable attributes in underground coal mining are methane and coal dust of various particle sizes. When they are mixed, coal-gas mixtures are formed, predisposed to various hazardous and extremely hazardous gas-dynamic phenomena, primarily to sudden emissions, accompanied by formation of cavities in the coal massif and intensive release of coal-gas mixtures from these cavities into the mine workings. The article deals with the problem of a one-dimensional stationary flow of a gas-coal mixture in an underground cone-shaped cavity formed during a sudden release. The Euler equation of motion and the continuity equation are used as the basic equations. As a result of their transformation, an ordinary differential equation of the first order is obtained, for which the Cauchy problem is formulated. The solution to the Cauchy problem is a transcendental equation with respect to the desired Mach numbers. The roots of the transcendental equation are calculated using the MathCAD mathematical software suite. Upon finding the Mach numbers, the remaining parameters of the mixture are determined, i.e. the pressure, density and temperature of the gas-coal mixture at any point in the conical region, including their critical values. Graphs are constructed that were used as the basis to establish some regularities of the one-dimensional stationary flow of a gascoal mixture in a conical region. In particular, it was found that with an increase in the Mach number, parameters of the gas-coal mixture decrease non-linearly, and with an increase in the Poisson's adiabatic index, the pressure and temperature decrease, and the density increases.","PeriodicalId":506182,"journal":{"name":"Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost)","volume":"40 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139158922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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