Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.7546/crabs.2023.10.13
Sheikameer Batcha, Sudha Mohanram
Renewable energy sources are gaining popularity in recent years for power generation. The world has an abundance of pollution-free solar and wind energy; batteries play vital role for energy storage and all these sources combine to form a hybrid power system. Efficient management of the hybrid system via controlling the operation of its components is essential. In this article, a smart energy management system is proposed, where the control is focused on the hybrid grid-tied inverter. The inverter module is controlled through an anti-windup proportional-integral (AWPI) current and voltage controller. The performance of the proposed control system has been analyzed through current, and voltage Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) before and after grid integration. The suggested AWPI controller effectively mitigated the voltage drop and maintained the THD within the appropriate level. In addition, the proposed scheme of interest enhanced the steady-state response of the smart-grid system. The comparative analysis made among the intended controller and its counterparts inferred its superiority.
{"title":"Analysis of AWPI Based Hybrid Grid-tied Inverter for Smart Energy Management System","authors":"Sheikameer Batcha, Sudha Mohanram","doi":"10.7546/crabs.2023.10.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2023.10.13","url":null,"abstract":"Renewable energy sources are gaining popularity in recent years for power generation. The world has an abundance of pollution-free solar and wind energy; batteries play vital role for energy storage and all these sources combine to form a hybrid power system. Efficient management of the hybrid system via controlling the operation of its components is essential. In this article, a smart energy management system is proposed, where the control is focused on the hybrid grid-tied inverter. The inverter module is controlled through an anti-windup proportional-integral (AWPI) current and voltage controller. The performance of the proposed control system has been analyzed through current, and voltage Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) before and after grid integration. The suggested AWPI controller effectively mitigated the voltage drop and maintained the THD within the appropriate level. In addition, the proposed scheme of interest enhanced the steady-state response of the smart-grid system. The comparative analysis made among the intended controller and its counterparts inferred its superiority.","PeriodicalId":50652,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus De L Academie Bulgare Des Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135871956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.7546/crabs.2023.10.03
Dimitar Teodosiev, Anna Bouzekova-Penkova, Rositsa Koleva, Dimitar Tonev, Elena Geleva, Boyko Tsyntsarski, Peter Tzvetkov, Nikolay Goutev, Anguel Demerdjiev, Bozhidar Slavchev
In this study two types of samples of spectrally pure graphite, compacted and coated with glassy carbon, were analyzed with liquid scintillation spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). “Space” sample has been sent in outer space on the surface of ISS for 28 months. “Space” sample is compared with “reference” sample, made of the same material, but stored on Earth for the same period.
Radiation environment data were collected using R3DR2-Lyulin instrument, located in the outer space very close to the samples, in the same module of ISS. The effect of cosmic radiation leads to slight increase of 14C content, detected by liquid scintillation spectrometry.
SEM and thermal test using XRD did not show any noticeable changes in terms of structure and phase composition. This confirms the high degree of reliability of this material under significantly milder operating conditions in Earth orbit.
{"title":"Investigation of the Influence of Ionization Radiation on Glassy Carbon Coatings, after Long Stay in the Outer Space on the International Space Station (ISS)","authors":"Dimitar Teodosiev, Anna Bouzekova-Penkova, Rositsa Koleva, Dimitar Tonev, Elena Geleva, Boyko Tsyntsarski, Peter Tzvetkov, Nikolay Goutev, Anguel Demerdjiev, Bozhidar Slavchev","doi":"10.7546/crabs.2023.10.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2023.10.03","url":null,"abstract":"In this study two types of samples of spectrally pure graphite, compacted and coated with glassy carbon, were analyzed with liquid scintillation spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). “Space” sample has been sent in outer space on the surface of ISS for 28 months. “Space” sample is compared with “reference” sample, made of the same material, but stored on Earth for the same period.
 Radiation environment data were collected using R3DR2-Lyulin instrument, located in the outer space very close to the samples, in the same module of ISS. The effect of cosmic radiation leads to slight increase of 14C content, detected by liquid scintillation spectrometry.
 SEM and thermal test using XRD did not show any noticeable changes in terms of structure and phase composition. This confirms the high degree of reliability of this material under significantly milder operating conditions in Earth orbit.","PeriodicalId":50652,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus De L Academie Bulgare Des Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135870541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.7546/crabs.2023.10.09
Garo Mardirossian, Boyko Ranguelov, Petar Getsov, Svetoslav Zabunov
The article elaborates on two innovations developed for the purpose of protecting critical infrastructure facilities from two specific natural disasters – kinematic system for early warning of earthquakes applicable for the Bulgarian nuclear power plant (NPP), and a system for early warning of floods along the river beds near artificial lakes barrages. Both developments are part of the execution of p.1.1.6 from National Scientific Programme (NSP) “Security and Defence” – “Analysis of risk and threats, design and development of conceptual generating models and software for improvement of efficiency of control of forces and means for critical infrastructure influence during natural disasters, accidents and crises, on the territory of Republic of Bulgaria”.
{"title":"Two Innovations for Critical Infrastructure Protection from Natural Disasters","authors":"Garo Mardirossian, Boyko Ranguelov, Petar Getsov, Svetoslav Zabunov","doi":"10.7546/crabs.2023.10.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2023.10.09","url":null,"abstract":"The article elaborates on two innovations developed for the purpose of protecting critical infrastructure facilities from two specific natural disasters – kinematic system for early warning of earthquakes applicable for the Bulgarian nuclear power plant (NPP), and a system for early warning of floods along the river beds near artificial lakes barrages. Both developments are part of the execution of p.1.1.6 from National Scientific Programme (NSP) “Security and Defence” – “Analysis of risk and threats, design and development of conceptual generating models and software for improvement of efficiency of control of forces and means for critical infrastructure influence during natural disasters, accidents and crises, on the territory of Republic of Bulgaria”.","PeriodicalId":50652,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus De L Academie Bulgare Des Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135863377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Exogenous treatment during pregnancy with steroid hormones (estrogens, androgens, or glucocorticoids) affects the development of the fetus and the sexually mature generation. In clinical practice, the hormone progesterone is used therapeutically in programmes for assisted reproduction, infertility treatment, threatened abortion and premature birth. The hormone has a key role in establishing and maintaining pregnancy through its endocrine and immunological effects. Despite the fact that progesterone is widely used during pregnancy, the long-term effects of fetal exposure to exogenous progesterone on child development have barely been investigated. The aim of the present study is to investigate sex-dependent changes in the emotional status of a generation of prenatally treated with progesterone offspring. Female pregnant rats were treated subcutaneously with progesterone (50 mg/kg) from gestational (G) period G0 to G10. Anxiety and depressive-like behaviour of male and female adult offspring were evaluated with an open field (OF) test, elevated plus maze test (EPM), light dark test (LDT), sucrose preference test (SPT) and forced swimming test (FST). Prenatal treated with progesterone male and female offspring exhibited lower horizontal and vertical activity compared to the male and female control rats in the open field test and decreased distance and time spent in the open arms compared to the matched controls in the EPM test. They demonstrated depressive-like responses with anhedonia in the SPT and increased immobility time in the FST compared to the matched controls. Prenatal treatment with progesterone significantly affected emergence latency, time spent and crossing to the lit compartment in LDT. In conclusion, our results suggest that prenatal treatment with 50 mg/kg progesterone exerts a detrimental effect on emotional behaviour in male and female offspring. Future studies are needed to ascertain the underlying mechanism associated with these sustained behavioural abnormalities due to prenatal hormonal treatment.
{"title":"Prenatal Progesterone Treatment Induces Sex-dependent Anxiety and Depressive-like Behaviour in Adult Offspring","authors":"Zlatina Nenchovska, Jana Tchekalarova, Kalina Ilieva, Tzveta Stoyanova, Gergana Toteva, Rumyana Mitreva, Milena Atanasova","doi":"10.7546/crabs.2023.10.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2023.10.05","url":null,"abstract":"Exogenous treatment during pregnancy with steroid hormones (estrogens, androgens, or glucocorticoids) affects the development of the fetus and the sexually mature generation. In clinical practice, the hormone progesterone is used therapeutically in programmes for assisted reproduction, infertility treatment, threatened abortion and premature birth. The hormone has a key role in establishing and maintaining pregnancy through its endocrine and immunological effects. Despite the fact that progesterone is widely used during pregnancy, the long-term effects of fetal exposure to exogenous progesterone on child development have barely been investigated. The aim of the present study is to investigate sex-dependent changes in the emotional status of a generation of prenatally treated with progesterone offspring. Female pregnant rats were treated subcutaneously with progesterone (50 mg/kg) from gestational (G) period G0 to G10. Anxiety and depressive-like behaviour of male and female adult offspring were evaluated with an open field (OF) test, elevated plus maze test (EPM), light dark test (LDT), sucrose preference test (SPT) and forced swimming test (FST). Prenatal treated with progesterone male and female offspring exhibited lower horizontal and vertical activity compared to the male and female control rats in the open field test and decreased distance and time spent in the open arms compared to the matched controls in the EPM test. They demonstrated depressive-like responses with anhedonia in the SPT and increased immobility time in the FST compared to the matched controls. Prenatal treatment with progesterone significantly affected emergence latency, time spent and crossing to the lit compartment in LDT. In conclusion, our results suggest that prenatal treatment with 50 mg/kg progesterone exerts a detrimental effect on emotional behaviour in male and female offspring. Future studies are needed to ascertain the underlying mechanism associated with these sustained behavioural abnormalities due to prenatal hormonal treatment.","PeriodicalId":50652,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus De L Academie Bulgare Des Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135863642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.7546/crabs.2023.10.15
Harun Düğeroğlu, Murat Özgenoğlu
The aim of this study was to investigate the hepatorenal protective effects of walnut oil (WO) against anticancer drug methotrexate (MTX)-induced kidney and liver toxicity. In our study, 40 male Sprague Dawley rats weighing between 200–250 g were used. The rats were randomly divided into four groups; Group 1, control group (corn oil by gavage for 14 days and intraperitoneal (i.p.) physiological saline on the third day, $$n=10$$), Group 2, WO group (2 ml/kg WO by gavage for 14 days and i.p. physiological saline on the third day, $$n=10$$), Group 3, MTX group (corn oil by gavage for 14 days and 20 mg/kg MTX single dose i.p. on the third day, $$n=10$$), Group 4, MTX+WO group (2 ml/kg WO by gavage for 14 days and 20 mg/kg MTX single dose i.p. on the third day, $$n=10$$). At the end of the experiment, the rats were decapitated. Kidney and liver were preserved at –86 °C and biochemical measurements were performed. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels increased and superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) activities decreased in kidney and liver tissues in the methotrexate alone group compared to the control group. In the MTX+WO treated group, TBARS level decreased and GSH, CAT, SOD and GPx activities increased significantly compared to the MTX alone treated group. It was found that MTX caused oxidative damage in kidney and liver tissues and WO prevented this damage. Walnut oil is protective against MTX-induced kidney and liver toxicity.
{"title":"Hepatorenal Protective Effects of Walnut Oil against Anticancer Drug Methotrexate in Experimentally Induced Liver and Kidney Toxicity in Rats","authors":"Harun Düğeroğlu, Murat Özgenoğlu","doi":"10.7546/crabs.2023.10.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2023.10.15","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to investigate the hepatorenal protective effects of walnut oil (WO) against anticancer drug methotrexate (MTX)-induced kidney and liver toxicity. In our study, 40 male Sprague Dawley rats weighing between 200–250 g were used. The rats were randomly divided into four groups; Group 1, control group (corn oil by gavage for 14 days and intraperitoneal (i.p.) physiological saline on the third day, $$n=10$$), Group 2, WO group (2 ml/kg WO by gavage for 14 days and i.p. physiological saline on the third day, $$n=10$$), Group 3, MTX group (corn oil by gavage for 14 days and 20 mg/kg MTX single dose i.p. on the third day, $$n=10$$), Group 4, MTX+WO group (2 ml/kg WO by gavage for 14 days and 20 mg/kg MTX single dose i.p. on the third day, $$n=10$$). At the end of the experiment, the rats were decapitated. Kidney and liver were preserved at –86 °C and biochemical measurements were performed. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels increased and superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) activities decreased in kidney and liver tissues in the methotrexate alone group compared to the control group. In the MTX+WO treated group, TBARS level decreased and GSH, CAT, SOD and GPx activities increased significantly compared to the MTX alone treated group. It was found that MTX caused oxidative damage in kidney and liver tissues and WO prevented this damage. Walnut oil is protective against MTX-induced kidney and liver toxicity.","PeriodicalId":50652,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus De L Academie Bulgare Des Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135871166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.7546/crabs.2023.10.01
Mustafa Hatim, Çiğdem Bektaş
In this article, we study a new generalization of the lacunary strongly convergent sequences and introduce the concept of lacunary strong convergence according to $$g^k$$ for sequences of complex (or real) numbers, where $$g^k=gcirc gcircdotscirc g$$ ($$k$$ times) represents a composite modulus function. After that, we determine the connections of lacunary strong convergence and lacunary statistical convergence to lacunary strong convergence according to $$g^k$$. Furthermore, we investigate several properties of this generalization.
{"title":"A Study on Lacunary Strong Convergence according to Modulus Functions","authors":"Mustafa Hatim, Çiğdem Bektaş","doi":"10.7546/crabs.2023.10.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2023.10.01","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we study a new generalization of the lacunary strongly convergent sequences and introduce the concept of lacunary strong convergence according to $$g^k$$ for sequences of complex (or real) numbers, where $$g^k=gcirc gcircdotscirc g$$ ($$k$$ times) represents a composite modulus function. After that, we determine the connections of lacunary strong convergence and lacunary statistical convergence to lacunary strong convergence according to $$g^k$$. Furthermore, we investigate several properties of this generalization.","PeriodicalId":50652,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus De L Academie Bulgare Des Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135814075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.7546/crabs.2023.10.06
Sevda Yantcheva
The aim of the present in vitro study was to compare the marginal adaptation and micropermeability of class II restorations with a gingival wall, located 1 mm below the enamel-cementum junction, restored with two conventional dimethacrylate composites (Filtek P60 and Filtek Ultimate), and two innovative composites with a modified polymer matrix (Venus Diamond and Kalore) over ten months of ageing. The marginal adaptation to the proximal margins of the cavity was analyzed and evaluated by the SEM. The dye method was used to assess the micropermeability, and the analysis was performed using a stereomicroscope. The same samples were used for both studies. A correlation analysis was done based on the data to establish the relationships between marginal adaptation and micropermeability. A statistically significant difference in the estimates for marginal adaptation of materials to the gingival, vestibular, and lingual proximal edges for values of excellent marginal adaptation ($$p<0.005$$) was found. F.P60 differed significantly from V. Diamond and F. Ultimate. Kalore is arranged in the middle and does not differ considerably from the above two groups. According to micro permeability, a significant difference was found between F. Ultimate with better results and F.P60 and Kalore ($$p<0.005$$). There was a significant correlation ($$p=0.008$$) between the excellent scores for marginal adaptation to the edge of the gingival wall and micropermeability. It can be concluded that innovative high-molecular-weight composites do not significantly improve marginal adaptation and micropermeability in class II cavities, with a gingival wall located entirely in dentin.
{"title":"Ten-month In Vitro Study of Marginal Adaptation and Micropermeability in Class II Restorations Made with Matrix-modified Composites","authors":"Sevda Yantcheva","doi":"10.7546/crabs.2023.10.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2023.10.06","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present in vitro study was to compare the marginal adaptation and micropermeability of class II restorations with a gingival wall, located 1 mm below the enamel-cementum junction, restored with two conventional dimethacrylate composites (Filtek P60 and Filtek Ultimate), and two innovative composites with a modified polymer matrix (Venus Diamond and Kalore) over ten months of ageing. The marginal adaptation to the proximal margins of the cavity was analyzed and evaluated by the SEM. The dye method was used to assess the micropermeability, and the analysis was performed using a stereomicroscope. The same samples were used for both studies. A correlation analysis was done based on the data to establish the relationships between marginal adaptation and micropermeability. A statistically significant difference in the estimates for marginal adaptation of materials to the gingival, vestibular, and lingual proximal edges for values of excellent marginal adaptation ($$p<0.005$$) was found. F.P60 differed significantly from V. Diamond and F. Ultimate. Kalore is arranged in the middle and does not differ considerably from the above two groups. According to micro permeability, a significant difference was found between F. Ultimate with better results and F.P60 and Kalore ($$p<0.005$$). There was a significant correlation ($$p=0.008$$) between the excellent scores for marginal adaptation to the edge of the gingival wall and micropermeability. It can be concluded that innovative high-molecular-weight composites do not significantly improve marginal adaptation and micropermeability in class II cavities, with a gingival wall located entirely in dentin.","PeriodicalId":50652,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus De L Academie Bulgare Des Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Immune system is known to be affected by vitamin D deficiency. In this study, we investigated whether there was a significant association between vitamin D levels and intestinal parasites. A total of 239 patients treated at the internal medicine outpatient clinics with gastrointestinal complaints were included in this study. Demographic characteristics of the patients were recorded. Examination of stool samples were repeated three times within 10 days. Cellophane band method, native-lugol, sedimentation and modified Kinyoun's acid fast stain methods were used for the detection of parasites in the stool samples. The samples were prepared, stained and examined under a microscope. Vitamin D levels were examined in the blood samples collected from the patients. Patients having vitamin D level under 20 ng/ml were diagnosed with vitamin D deficiency. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that serum vitamin D level was significant informative variable for only Iodamoeba and Cyclospora. No association between vitamin D level and the presence of other intestinal parasites was found. The risk of Iodamoeba positivity was 2.54 times higher in the patients with a serum vitamin D level under 20 ng/ml ($$p<0.01$$). Similarly, the risk of Cyclospora positivity was 2.44 times higher in the patients with a serum vitamin D level under 20 ng/ml compared to those with a serum vitamin D level over 20 ng/ml ($$p<0.01$$). The risk for positivity of Iodamoeba and Cyclospora that are among the intestinal protozoa is high for people with vitamin D deficiency.
{"title":"The Association Between Vitamin D Levels and Intestinal Parasites","authors":"Türkan Yar, Yasemin Kaya, Ülkü Karaman, Yeliz Arıcı, Harun Düğeroğlu, Ahmet Karataş","doi":"10.7546/crabs.2023.10.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2023.10.18","url":null,"abstract":"Immune system is known to be affected by vitamin D deficiency. In this study, we investigated whether there was a significant association between vitamin D levels and intestinal parasites. A total of 239 patients treated at the internal medicine outpatient clinics with gastrointestinal complaints were included in this study. Demographic characteristics of the patients were recorded. Examination of stool samples were repeated three times within 10 days. Cellophane band method, native-lugol, sedimentation and modified Kinyoun's acid fast stain methods were used for the detection of parasites in the stool samples. The samples were prepared, stained and examined under a microscope. Vitamin D levels were examined in the blood samples collected from the patients. Patients having vitamin D level under 20 ng/ml were diagnosed with vitamin D deficiency. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that serum vitamin D level was significant informative variable for only Iodamoeba and Cyclospora. No association between vitamin D level and the presence of other intestinal parasites was found. The risk of Iodamoeba positivity was 2.54 times higher in the patients with a serum vitamin D level under 20 ng/ml ($$p<0.01$$). Similarly, the risk of Cyclospora positivity was 2.44 times higher in the patients with a serum vitamin D level under 20 ng/ml compared to those with a serum vitamin D level over 20 ng/ml ($$p<0.01$$). The risk for positivity of Iodamoeba and Cyclospora that are among the intestinal protozoa is high for people with vitamin D deficiency.","PeriodicalId":50652,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus De L Academie Bulgare Des Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135872603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Calf diarrhea is an important disease that causes economic losses and E. coli is the primary pathogen. In this study, stool samples were collected from a total of 100 calves with diarrhea. As a result of 16S rRNA PCR analysis, it was confirmed that 50 (96.15%) of 52 E. coli isolates were molecularly E. coli. As a result of molecular pathotyping studies of 50 E. coli isolates, the pathotypes of 21 (42.0%) E. coli strains were identified. E. coli (n = 50) isolates were found to be resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanate by 34%, to ciprofloxacin by 38%, and to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole by 60%. Different degrees of antimicrobial resistance genes were detected in 26 (52%) E. coli isolates. In conclusion, a data source was provided for the antimicrobial treatment procedure in calf diarrhea caused by E. coli in our region, and the results that could guide future studies were also brought to the literature.
{"title":"Pathotyping and Antibiotic Resistance Characteristics of Escherichia coli Isolates from Calf Diarrhea","authors":"Sukru Kirkan, Goksel Erbas, Hafize Dolgun, Ugur Parin, Suheyla Turkyilmaz, Serap Savasan, Yigit Seferoglu","doi":"10.7546/crabs.2023.09.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2023.09.13","url":null,"abstract":"Calf diarrhea is an important disease that causes economic losses and E. coli is the primary pathogen. In this study, stool samples were collected from a total of 100 calves with diarrhea. As a result of 16S rRNA PCR analysis, it was confirmed that 50 (96.15%) of 52 E. coli isolates were molecularly E. coli. As a result of molecular pathotyping studies of 50 E. coli isolates, the pathotypes of 21 (42.0%) E. coli strains were identified. E. coli (n = 50) isolates were found to be resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanate by 34%, to ciprofloxacin by 38%, and to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole by 60%. Different degrees of antimicrobial resistance genes were detected in 26 (52%) E. coli isolates. In conclusion, a data source was provided for the antimicrobial treatment procedure in calf diarrhea caused by E. coli in our region, and the results that could guide future studies were also brought to the literature.","PeriodicalId":50652,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus De L Academie Bulgare Des Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135407283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Filament/prominence eruptions can have a significant impact on Earth's upper atmosphere and space environment, and are the primary drivers of what is now called space weather. To distinguish the different types of filament eruptions we statistically examine them during the 23rd Solar cycle. In this study we use 159 filament eruptions using the List of interplanetary (IP) Shocks Observed during Solar Cycle 23 (May 1996 – January 2008) and their Source Information Environmental Satellites (GOES) X-ray plots (see Gopalswamy et al. [Gopalswamy N., H. Xie, P. Mäkelä, S. Akiyama, S. Yashiro et al. (2010) Interplanetary shocks lacking type II radio bursts, Astrophys. J., 710, 1111–1126]). It is found that 69% of the filament eruptions are confined eruptions, while 31% are ejective eruptions. Confined eruptions are 110 and 34 events (21%). They are due to active filaments and 76 events (48%) are due to disappearing filaments. The occurrences of active and disappearing filaments during the increasing phase of solar cycle 23 is found to be 80% while in the decreasing phase they are 13%. We have found that the dominant X-ray flare energy of confined eruptions is that of C class. The most common filaments field extent is located between 5 and 15 degrees. The most common flare duration is between 16 and 40 minutes.
细丝/日珥喷发会对地球上层大气和太空环境产生重大影响，是现在所谓的太空天气的主要驱动因素。为了区分不同类型的长丝喷发，我们在第23个太阳周期对它们进行了统计研究。在这项研究中，我们利用第23太阳周期(1996年5月- 2008年1月)观测到的行星际(IP)冲击列表及其源信息环境卫星(GOES) x射线图(见Gopalswamy et al. [Gopalswamy N.， H. Xie, P. Mäkelä， S. Akiyama, S. Yashiro et al.(2010)，缺乏II型射电暴的行星际冲击，astro物理学)，使用了159个灯丝喷发。[J] .生物医学工程学报，2004,11(2):444 - 444。研究发现，69%的长丝喷发为密闭喷发，31%为喷射喷发。密闭喷发分别为110次和34次(21%)。它们是由活跃的细丝引起的，76次(48%)是由消失的细丝引起的。在第23太阳周期的增增期，活动细丝和消失细丝的出现率为80%，而在减少期，活动细丝的出现率为13%。我们发现局限喷发的x射线耀斑能量主要为C级。最常见的丝场范围位于5至15度之间。最常见的耀斑持续时间在16到40分钟之间。
{"title":"Statistical Study of Confined Filament/Prominence Eruptions during Solar Cycle 23","authors":"Safinaz Khaled, Luc Damé, Amira Shimeis, Shahinaz Yousef, Mohamed Semeida, Magdy Amin, Ahmed Ghitas, Penka Stoeva, Alexey Stoev","doi":"10.7546/crabs.2023.09.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2023.09.09","url":null,"abstract":"Filament/prominence eruptions can have a significant impact on Earth's upper atmosphere and space environment, and are the primary drivers of what is now called space weather. To distinguish the different types of filament eruptions we statistically examine them during the 23rd Solar cycle. In this study we use 159 filament eruptions using the List of interplanetary (IP) Shocks Observed during Solar Cycle 23 (May 1996 – January 2008) and their Source Information Environmental Satellites (GOES) X-ray plots (see Gopalswamy et al. [Gopalswamy N., H. Xie, P. Mäkelä, S. Akiyama, S. Yashiro et al. (2010) Interplanetary shocks lacking type II radio bursts, Astrophys. J., 710, 1111–1126]). It is found that 69% of the filament eruptions are confined eruptions, while 31% are ejective eruptions. Confined eruptions are 110 and 34 events (21%). They are due to active filaments and 76 events (48%) are due to disappearing filaments. The occurrences of active and disappearing filaments during the increasing phase of solar cycle 23 is found to be 80% while in the decreasing phase they are 13%. We have found that the dominant X-ray flare energy of confined eruptions is that of C class. The most common filaments field extent is located between 5 and 15 degrees. The most common flare duration is between 16 and 40 minutes.","PeriodicalId":50652,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus De L Academie Bulgare Des Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135407455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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