In this paper, finite-time resilient filter design is developed for a class of fuzzy multi-weighted complex dynamical networks (MWCDNs) subject to missing measurements, time-varying coupling delays and cyber attacks. More precisely, the missing measurements and cyber attacks are described in terms of stochastic variables, which satisfy Bernoulli distribution. The main aim of the addressed problem is to design the finite-time dissipative filter under the resilient approach that can tolerate the possible gain perturbations and the incomplete measurements such that the fuzzy rule-dependent filter system of MWCDN is stochastically bounded. With the aid of Lyapunov functional, the sufficient conditions for the finite-time stability of the addressed system with strictly dissipative performance attenuation level are established. Then, the resilient filter with desired performance attenuation level is derived from linear matrix inequality. Lastly, a numerical example and a practical example are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
{"title":"Resilient filtering of fuzzy multi-weighted complex dynamical networks against cyber attacks and missing measurements","authors":"Ramalingam Sakthivel , Boomipalagan Kaviarasan , Leszek Rutkowski , Van Thanh Huynh","doi":"10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109731","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109731","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, finite-time resilient filter design is developed for a class of fuzzy multi-weighted complex dynamical networks (MWCDNs) subject to missing measurements, time-varying coupling delays and cyber attacks. More precisely, the missing measurements and cyber attacks are described in terms of stochastic variables, which satisfy Bernoulli distribution. The main aim of the addressed problem is to design the finite-time dissipative filter under the resilient approach that can tolerate the possible gain perturbations and the incomplete measurements such that the fuzzy rule-dependent filter system of MWCDN is stochastically bounded. With the aid of Lyapunov functional, the sufficient conditions for the finite-time stability of the addressed system with strictly <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>L</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>M</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>N</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>−</mo><mi>ρ</mi></mrow></math></span> dissipative performance attenuation level are established. Then, the resilient filter with desired performance attenuation level is derived from linear matrix inequality. Lastly, a numerical example and a practical example are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50658,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 109731"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145957221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper uses an adaptive noise control strategy to investigate the almost sure exponential stability of a class of stochastic coupled networks influenced by jump diffusion. Due to the strong dependence of the diffusion coefficient on adaptive signals, traditional Lyapunov methods face significant limitations in handling stochastic noise. Different from most existing literature, a novel martingale-based approach that leverages the positive effects of control-dependent stochastic noise is presented to maintain system stability. Besides, the adaptive noise control mechanism adjusts dynamically based on the system state, enhancing the stability of the system against unpredictable jumps. Finally, an example of single-link arms is provided to argue the feasibility and efficacy of the proposed control strategy.
{"title":"Adaptive noise control for almost sure exponential stability of stochastic coupled jump diffusion systems","authors":"Chang Gao , Ruotong Qi , Yu Xiao , Leszek Rutkowski","doi":"10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper uses an adaptive noise control strategy to investigate the almost sure exponential stability of a class of stochastic coupled networks influenced by jump diffusion. Due to the strong dependence of the diffusion coefficient on adaptive signals, traditional Lyapunov methods face significant limitations in handling stochastic noise. Different from most existing literature, a novel martingale-based approach that leverages the positive effects of control-dependent stochastic noise is presented to maintain system stability. Besides, the adaptive noise control mechanism adjusts dynamically based on the system state, enhancing the stability of the system against unpredictable jumps. Finally, an example of single-link arms is provided to argue the feasibility and efficacy of the proposed control strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50658,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 109713"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145957269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109737
Peter E. Kloeden , Doan Thai Son , Hoang The Tuan
The asymptotic behaviour of a class of dissipative Caputo fractional differential equations with two indices is investigated. Using Lyapunov methods and a comparison principle, results on ultimate boundedness and Mittag-Leffler stability are obtained for these systems. Two examples illustrate these results.
{"title":"Lyapunov methods for dissipative Caputo fractional differential equations with two indices","authors":"Peter E. Kloeden , Doan Thai Son , Hoang The Tuan","doi":"10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109737","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109737","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The asymptotic behaviour of a class of dissipative Caputo fractional differential equations with two indices is investigated. Using Lyapunov methods and a comparison principle, results on ultimate boundedness and Mittag-Leffler stability are obtained for these systems. Two examples illustrate these results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50658,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 109737"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146033940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109643
Xiao Tang , Junwei Huang
In the present paper, we construct a new class of second-order partitioned explicit stabilized methods for the ordinary differential equations (ODEs) containing moderately stiff and non-stiff terms, which are usually obtained after the spatial semi-discretization of the time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs). We treat the moderately stiff term with an s-stage Runge-Kutta-Chebyshev (RKC) method and treat the non-stiff term with a 4m-stage explicit Runge-Kutta (RK) method. Different from several existing partitioned explicit stabilized methods that employ fixed-stage RK methods to handle the non-stiff term, both the parameters s and m in our methods can be flexibly adjusted as needed for the problems. Numerical experiments and comparisons with several existing partitioned explicit stabilized methods show the flexibility and efficiency of our new partitioned methods.
{"title":"A class of flexible and efficient partitioned Runge-Kutta-Chebyshev methods for some time-dependent partial differential equations","authors":"Xiao Tang , Junwei Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present paper, we construct a new class of second-order partitioned explicit stabilized methods for the ordinary differential equations (ODEs) containing moderately stiff and non-stiff terms, which are usually obtained after the spatial semi-discretization of the time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs). We treat the moderately stiff term with an <em>s</em>-stage Runge-Kutta-Chebyshev (RKC) method and treat the non-stiff term with a 4<em>m</em>-stage explicit Runge-Kutta (RK) method. Different from several existing partitioned explicit stabilized methods that employ fixed-stage RK methods to handle the non-stiff term, both the parameters <em>s</em> and <em>m</em> in our methods can be flexibly adjusted as needed for the problems. Numerical experiments and comparisons with several existing partitioned explicit stabilized methods show the flexibility and efficiency of our new partitioned methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50658,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 109643"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145995143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-01-25DOI: 10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109792
Bo Xu , Fan Wu , Jiang Zhou
This paper investigates the stability of the two-dimensional ideal magnetohydrodynamic equations with only horizontal dissipation. By exploiting the symmetry conditions imposed on the initial data and time-weighted energy estimates, we establish the global stability of this system near the background magnetic field (1,0) in the space H3. Furthermore, an algebraic decay rate of (u2, b2) is obtained in the H2 framework. The results reveal that the magnetic field introduces an additional smoothing effect, thereby stabilizing fluid motion.
{"title":"Stability of the ideal magnetohydrodynamic equations with horizontal dissipation","authors":"Bo Xu , Fan Wu , Jiang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109792","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109792","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the stability of the two-dimensional ideal magnetohydrodynamic equations with only horizontal dissipation. By exploiting the symmetry conditions imposed on the initial data and time-weighted energy estimates, we establish the global stability of this system near the background magnetic field (1,0) in the space <em>H</em><sup>3</sup>. Furthermore, an algebraic decay rate of (<em>u</em><sub>2</sub>, <em>b</em><sub>2</sub>) is obtained in the <em>H</em><sup>2</sup> framework. The results reveal that the magnetic field introduces an additional smoothing effect, thereby stabilizing fluid motion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50658,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 109792"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146047904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109739
Malgorzata Klimek , Tomasz Blaszczyk
We study the time-fractional diffusion equation with fixed memory length in a finite one-dimensional spatial domain. The time derivative is expressed by the left-sided Caputo fractional derivative with fixed memory, which leads to solution behavior distinct from both classical diffusion and full-memory fractional diffusion. We construct the exact solution using eigenfunction expansions and derive several of its properties, including convergence and regularity. The time evolution and diffusion speed is discussed in detail and results on comparison between classical diffusion problem and time-fractional problems with different memory lengths are included. Additionally, we propose an approximate solution by truncating the series and provide error estimates to control the approximation accuracy. The presented examples illustrate the influence of memory length and fractional order on the obtained solution.
{"title":"Time-fractional diffusion problem with fixed memory length in 1D finite space domain: Exact and approximate solutions","authors":"Malgorzata Klimek , Tomasz Blaszczyk","doi":"10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We study the time-fractional diffusion equation with fixed memory length in a finite one-dimensional spatial domain. The time derivative is expressed by the left-sided Caputo fractional derivative with fixed memory, which leads to solution behavior distinct from both classical diffusion and full-memory fractional diffusion. We construct the exact solution using eigenfunction expansions and derive several of its properties, including convergence and regularity. The time evolution and diffusion speed is discussed in detail and results on comparison between classical diffusion problem and time-fractional problems with different memory lengths are included. Additionally, we propose an approximate solution by truncating the series and provide error estimates to control the approximation accuracy. The presented examples illustrate the influence of memory length and fractional order on the obtained solution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50658,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 109739"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145957179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109673
Ayyappan N , Gunasekaran Nallappan , Manivannan A , Lakshmanan S
This work investigates the problem of finite-time boundedness (FTB) of interconnected systems with time delays in the interconnections, using sliding mode control (SMC) along with a partitioned interval strategy. The finite-time interval [0, T] is divided into two sub-intervals: and , where . A novel sliding mode surface (SMS) is designed, and an equivalent control is derived from the SMS. Furthermore, an SMC with a reaching law is designed to counteract disturbances and ensure that the system reaches the SMS within a finite-time. By utilizing this property, the SMC with the reaching law is applied to the first sub interval , while the equivalent control derived from the SMS is applied to maintain the states within the SMS for the remaining interval . Moreover, by considering a Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional, sufficient conditions are derived in the form of linear matrix inequalities to guarantee the H∞ FTB of the system. Finally, two examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed SMC and sufficient conditions, with simulation results confirming the FTB of the proposed model.
{"title":"Finite-time H∞ boundedness of delayed interconnected systems using sliding mode control with partitioned interval strategy","authors":"Ayyappan N , Gunasekaran Nallappan , Manivannan A , Lakshmanan S","doi":"10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work investigates the problem of finite-time boundedness (FTB) of interconnected systems with time delays in the interconnections, using sliding mode control (SMC) along with a partitioned interval strategy. The finite-time interval [0, <em>T</em>] is divided into two sub-intervals: <span><math><mrow><mo>[</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>]</mo></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mo>[</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>]</mo></mrow></math></span>, where <span><math><mrow><mi>T</mi><mo><</mo><mi>T</mi></mrow></math></span>. A novel sliding mode surface (SMS) is designed, and an equivalent control is derived from the SMS. Furthermore, an SMC with a reaching law is designed to counteract disturbances and ensure that the system reaches the SMS within a finite-time. By utilizing this property, the SMC with the reaching law is applied to the first sub interval <span><math><mrow><mo>[</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>]</mo></mrow></math></span>, while the equivalent control derived from the SMS is applied to maintain the states within the SMS for the remaining interval <span><math><mrow><mo>[</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>]</mo></mrow></math></span>. Moreover, by considering a Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional, sufficient conditions are derived in the form of linear matrix inequalities to guarantee the <em>H</em><sub>∞</sub> FTB of the system. Finally, two examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed SMC and sufficient conditions, with simulation results confirming the FTB of the proposed model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50658,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 109673"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145957188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109656
Xuexi Zhang , Hekai Feng , Chaojie Cheng , Zhenyu Wu , Qiang Ni , Jie Tao
This article investigates anti-synchronization control for Markov jump neural networks with partially unknown probabilities under energy-constrained attacks. First, to deal with the mixed-type attacks and asynchronous phenomena, a controller based on the hidden Markov model with partially unknown probabilities is established. To conserve valuable communication resources and reduce the influence caused by denial of service attacks, a novel dynamic event-triggered scheme is developed, capable of predicting and adapting to malicious attack occurrences by weighting modulation. Sufficient conditions are then obtained to guarantee the drive and response systems achieve H∞ anti-synchronization by resorting to linear matrix inequalities. The effectiveness of the proposed anti-synchronization scheme is demonstrated through a numerical example. Finally, a secure communication system, leveraging the proposed anti-synchronization system, is constructed and its encryption security is analyzed with an image encryption example.
{"title":"Dynamic event-triggered anti-synchronization for Markov jump neural networks with partially unknown probabilities and cyber attacks","authors":"Xuexi Zhang , Hekai Feng , Chaojie Cheng , Zhenyu Wu , Qiang Ni , Jie Tao","doi":"10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109656","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article investigates anti-synchronization control for Markov jump neural networks with partially unknown probabilities under energy-constrained attacks. First, to deal with the mixed-type attacks and asynchronous phenomena, a controller based on the hidden Markov model with partially unknown probabilities is established. To conserve valuable communication resources and reduce the influence caused by denial of service attacks, a novel dynamic event-triggered scheme is developed, capable of predicting and adapting to malicious attack occurrences by weighting modulation. Sufficient conditions are then obtained to guarantee the drive and response systems achieve <em>H</em><sub>∞</sub> anti-synchronization by resorting to linear matrix inequalities. The effectiveness of the proposed anti-synchronization scheme is demonstrated through a numerical example. Finally, a secure communication system, leveraging the proposed anti-synchronization system, is constructed and its encryption security is analyzed with an image encryption example.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50658,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 109656"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145969429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109778
Liangliang Sun, Zhaoqi Zhang
In this paper, we study a backward problem in a system controlled by two coupled time-fractional diffusion equations from the final measurement data. Firstly, we prove the well-posedness of the state problem by introducing the Riemann-Liouville weak formulation, and give some regularity results of the solution to the state problem by employing the properties of the Mittag-Leffler function. In order to solve this inverse problem, we then transform it into a least square optimization problem. Subsequently, we establish the existence of the minimizer and also prove its uniqueness and a stability estimates with respect to the input data. Finally, we provide some numerical results for the optimal control problem using the Landweber iterative method.
{"title":"Backward problem in a coupled time-fractional reaction diffusion system by optimization method","authors":"Liangliang Sun, Zhaoqi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109778","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109778","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we study a backward problem in a system controlled by two coupled time-fractional diffusion equations from the final measurement data. Firstly, we prove the well-posedness of the state problem by introducing the Riemann-Liouville weak formulation, and give some regularity results of the solution to the state problem by employing the properties of the Mittag-Leffler function. In order to solve this inverse problem, we then transform it into a least square optimization problem. Subsequently, we establish the existence of the minimizer and also prove its uniqueness and a stability estimates with respect to the input data. Finally, we provide some numerical results for the optimal control problem using the Landweber iterative method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50658,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 109778"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146033547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109748
Yonghui Lv , Hui Wang , Jian Ding , Quanxin Zhu
In this paper, we consider the effects of intraguild predation, predator-switching, and stochastic factors on the dynamics of a stochastic three species predator-prey model. It is assumed that the interactions between the two predators and the prey follow the Holling type II functional response. Meanwhile, the predation between the top predator and the intermediate predator is governed by a preference mechanism modulated by prey density. The existence of positive solutions and the boundedness are established. The analysis of the Lyapunov exponents reveals that intraguild predation and predator-switching can maintain species coexistence under certain conditions. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive classification of persistence and extinction for all populations. Finally, we conduct numerical simulations to verify the theoretical results by employing the Monte Carlo method to calculate the Lyapunov exponents of the two-dimensional boundary measures.
{"title":"Dynamic analysis of a stochastic three species predator-prey model with intraguild predation and predator-switching","authors":"Yonghui Lv , Hui Wang , Jian Ding , Quanxin Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnsns.2026.109748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we consider the effects of intraguild predation, predator-switching, and stochastic factors on the dynamics of a stochastic three species predator-prey model. It is assumed that the interactions between the two predators and the prey follow the Holling type II functional response. Meanwhile, the predation between the top predator and the intermediate predator is governed by a preference mechanism modulated by prey density. The existence of positive solutions and the boundedness are established. The analysis of the Lyapunov exponents reveals that intraguild predation and predator-switching can maintain species coexistence under certain conditions. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive classification of persistence and extinction for all populations. Finally, we conduct numerical simulations to verify the theoretical results by employing the Monte Carlo method to calculate the Lyapunov exponents of the two-dimensional boundary measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50658,"journal":{"name":"Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation","volume":"157 ","pages":"Article 109748"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145995140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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