Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-05-15DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03497-2
Iván Márquez-Rodas, Eva Muñoz Couselo, Juan F Rodríguez Moreno, Ana Mª Arance Fernández, Miguel Ángel Berciano Guerrero, Begoña Campos Balea, Luis de la Cruz Merino, Enrique Espinosa Arranz, Almudena García Castaño, Alfonso Berrocal Jaime
Cutaneous melanoma incidence is rising. Early diagnosis and treatment administration are key for increasing the chances of survival. For patients with locoregional advanced melanoma that can be treated with complete resection, adjuvant-and more recently neoadjuvant-with targeted therapy-BRAF and MEK inhibitors-and immunotherapy-anti-PD-1-based therapies-offer opportunities to reduce the risk of relapse and distant metastases. For patients with advanced disease not amenable to radical treatment, these treatments offer an unprecedented increase in overall survival. A group of medical oncologists from the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) and Spanish Multidisciplinary Melanoma Group (GEM) has designed these guidelines, based on a thorough review of the best evidence available. The following guidelines try to cover all the aspects from the diagnosis-clinical, pathological, and molecular-staging, risk stratification, adjuvant therapy, advanced disease therapy, and survivor follow-up, including special situations, such as brain metastases, refractory disease, and treatment sequencing. We aim help clinicians in the decision-making process.
{"title":"SEOM-GEM clinical guidelines for cutaneous melanoma (2023).","authors":"Iván Márquez-Rodas, Eva Muñoz Couselo, Juan F Rodríguez Moreno, Ana Mª Arance Fernández, Miguel Ángel Berciano Guerrero, Begoña Campos Balea, Luis de la Cruz Merino, Enrique Espinosa Arranz, Almudena García Castaño, Alfonso Berrocal Jaime","doi":"10.1007/s12094-024-03497-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-024-03497-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cutaneous melanoma incidence is rising. Early diagnosis and treatment administration are key for increasing the chances of survival. For patients with locoregional advanced melanoma that can be treated with complete resection, adjuvant-and more recently neoadjuvant-with targeted therapy-BRAF and MEK inhibitors-and immunotherapy-anti-PD-1-based therapies-offer opportunities to reduce the risk of relapse and distant metastases. For patients with advanced disease not amenable to radical treatment, these treatments offer an unprecedented increase in overall survival. A group of medical oncologists from the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) and Spanish Multidisciplinary Melanoma Group (GEM) has designed these guidelines, based on a thorough review of the best evidence available. The following guidelines try to cover all the aspects from the diagnosis-clinical, pathological, and molecular-staging, risk stratification, adjuvant therapy, advanced disease therapy, and survivor follow-up, including special situations, such as brain metastases, refractory disease, and treatment sequencing. We aim help clinicians in the decision-making process.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"2841-2855"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11467041/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140923893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03502-8
Ainara Soria Rivas, Yolanda Escobar Álvarez, Ana Blasco Cordellat, Margarita Majem Tarruella, Kevin Molina Mata, Marta Motilla de la Cámara, Mª Del Mar Muñoz Sánchez, Marta Zafra Poves, Carmen Beato Zambrano, Luis Cabezón Gutierrez
Cancer-related anorexia-cachexia syndrome (CACS) is a debilitating condition afflicting up to 80% of advanced-stage cancer patients. Characterized by progressive weight loss, muscle wasting, and metabolic abnormalities, CACS significantly compromises patients' quality of life and treatment outcomes. This comprehensive review navigates through its intricate physiopathology, elucidating its stages and diagnostic methodologies. CACS manifests in three distinct stages: pre-cachexia, established cachexia, and refractory cachexia. Early detection is pivotal for effective intervention and is facilitated by screening tools, complemented by nutritional assessments and professional evaluations. The diagnostic process unravels the complex interplay of metabolic dysregulation and tumor-induced factors contributing to CACS. Management strategies, tailored to individual patient profiles, encompass a spectrum of nutritional interventions. These include dietary counseling, oral nutritional supplements, and, when necessary, enteral nutrition and a judicious use of parenteral nutrition. Specific recommendations for caloric intake, protein requirements, and essential nutrients address the unique challenges posed by CACS. While pharmacological agents like megestrol acetate may be considered, their use requires careful evaluation of potential risks. At its core, this review underscores the imperative for a holistic and personalized approach to managing CACS, integrating nutritional interventions and pharmacological strategies based on a nuanced understanding of patient's condition.
{"title":"SEOM clinical guidelines for cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome (2023).","authors":"Ainara Soria Rivas, Yolanda Escobar Álvarez, Ana Blasco Cordellat, Margarita Majem Tarruella, Kevin Molina Mata, Marta Motilla de la Cámara, Mª Del Mar Muñoz Sánchez, Marta Zafra Poves, Carmen Beato Zambrano, Luis Cabezón Gutierrez","doi":"10.1007/s12094-024-03502-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-024-03502-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer-related anorexia-cachexia syndrome (CACS) is a debilitating condition afflicting up to 80% of advanced-stage cancer patients. Characterized by progressive weight loss, muscle wasting, and metabolic abnormalities, CACS significantly compromises patients' quality of life and treatment outcomes. This comprehensive review navigates through its intricate physiopathology, elucidating its stages and diagnostic methodologies. CACS manifests in three distinct stages: pre-cachexia, established cachexia, and refractory cachexia. Early detection is pivotal for effective intervention and is facilitated by screening tools, complemented by nutritional assessments and professional evaluations. The diagnostic process unravels the complex interplay of metabolic dysregulation and tumor-induced factors contributing to CACS. Management strategies, tailored to individual patient profiles, encompass a spectrum of nutritional interventions. These include dietary counseling, oral nutritional supplements, and, when necessary, enteral nutrition and a judicious use of parenteral nutrition. Specific recommendations for caloric intake, protein requirements, and essential nutrients address the unique challenges posed by CACS. While pharmacological agents like megestrol acetate may be considered, their use requires careful evaluation of potential risks. At its core, this review underscores the imperative for a holistic and personalized approach to managing CACS, integrating nutritional interventions and pharmacological strategies based on a nuanced understanding of patient's condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"2866-2876"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11466990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141187131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-06-24DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03568-4
Carlos López López, Mariona Calvo, Juan Carlos Cámara, Beatriz García-Paredes, Carlos Gómez-Martin, Ana María López, Roberto Pazo-Cid, Javier Sastre, Ricardo Yaya, Jaime Feliu
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy in the liver and is the third cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Surveillance with abdominal ultrasound should be offered to individuals at high risk for developing HCC. Accurate diagnosis, staging, and liver function are crucial when determining the optimal therapeutic approach. The BCLC staging system is widely endorsed in Western countries. Managing this pathology requires a multidisciplinary, personalized approach, generally with a multimodal strategy. Surgery remains the only curative option, albeit local and systemic therapy may also increase survival when surgery is not suitable. In advanced disease, systemic treatment should be offered to patients with ECOG/PS 0-1 and Child-Pugh class A.
肝细胞癌(HCC)是肝脏中最常见的原发性恶性肿瘤,也是全球癌症相关死亡的第三大原因。对于罹患 HCC 的高危人群,应通过腹部超声进行监测。在确定最佳治疗方法时,准确的诊断、分期和肝功能至关重要。BCLC 分期系统在西方国家得到广泛认可。治疗这种病变需要采取多学科、个性化的方法,通常采用多模式策略。手术仍然是唯一的治愈选择,尽管在不适合手术的情况下,局部和全身治疗也可以提高生存率。在晚期疾病中,ECOG/PS 0-1 和 Child-Pugh 分级为 A 的患者应接受系统治疗。
{"title":"SEOM-GEMCAD-TTD clinical guidelines for the management of hepatocarcinoma patients (2023).","authors":"Carlos López López, Mariona Calvo, Juan Carlos Cámara, Beatriz García-Paredes, Carlos Gómez-Martin, Ana María López, Roberto Pazo-Cid, Javier Sastre, Ricardo Yaya, Jaime Feliu","doi":"10.1007/s12094-024-03568-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-024-03568-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy in the liver and is the third cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Surveillance with abdominal ultrasound should be offered to individuals at high risk for developing HCC. Accurate diagnosis, staging, and liver function are crucial when determining the optimal therapeutic approach. The BCLC staging system is widely endorsed in Western countries. Managing this pathology requires a multidisciplinary, personalized approach, generally with a multimodal strategy. Surgery remains the only curative option, albeit local and systemic therapy may also increase survival when surgery is not suitable. In advanced disease, systemic treatment should be offered to patients with ECOG/PS 0-1 and Child-Pugh class A.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"2800-2811"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11467113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141447440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-07-03DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03532-2
José Angel Arranz Arija, Xavier García Del Muro, Raquel Luque Caro, María José Méndez-Vidal, Begoña Pérez-Valderrama, Jorge Aparicio, Miguel Ángel Climent Durán, Cristina Caballero Díaz, Ignacio Durán, Enrique González-Billalabeitia
Testicular germ cell tumors are the most common tumors in adolescent and young men. They are curable malignancies that should be treated with curative intent, minimizing acute and long-term side effects. Inguinal orchiectomy is the main diagnostic procedure, and is also curative for most localized tumors, while patients with unfavorable risk factors for recurrence, or those who are unable or unwilling to undergo close follow-up, may require adjuvant treatment. Patients with persistent markers after orchiectomy or advanced disease at diagnosis should be staged and classified according to the IGCCCG prognostic classification. BEP is the most recommended chemotherapy, but other schedules such as EP or VIP may be used to avoid bleomycin in some patients. Efforts should be made to avoid unnecessary delays and dose reductions wherever possible. Insufficient marker decline after each cycle is associated with poor prognosis. Management of residual masses after chemotherapy differs between patients with seminoma and non-seminoma tumors. Patients at high risk of relapse, those with refractory tumors, or those who relapse after chemotherapy should be managed by multidisciplinary teams in experienced centers. Salvage treatment for these patients includes conventional-dose chemotherapy (TIP) and/or high-dose chemotherapy, although the best regimen and strategy for each subgroup of patients is not yet well established. In late recurrences, early complete surgical resection should be performed when feasible. Given the high cure rate of TGCT, oncologists should work with patients to prevent and identify potential long-term side effects of the treatment. The above recommendations also apply to extragonadal retroperitoneal and mediastinal tumors.
{"title":"SEOM-GG clinical guidelines for the management of germ-cell testicular cancer (2023).","authors":"José Angel Arranz Arija, Xavier García Del Muro, Raquel Luque Caro, María José Méndez-Vidal, Begoña Pérez-Valderrama, Jorge Aparicio, Miguel Ángel Climent Durán, Cristina Caballero Díaz, Ignacio Durán, Enrique González-Billalabeitia","doi":"10.1007/s12094-024-03532-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-024-03532-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Testicular germ cell tumors are the most common tumors in adolescent and young men. They are curable malignancies that should be treated with curative intent, minimizing acute and long-term side effects. Inguinal orchiectomy is the main diagnostic procedure, and is also curative for most localized tumors, while patients with unfavorable risk factors for recurrence, or those who are unable or unwilling to undergo close follow-up, may require adjuvant treatment. Patients with persistent markers after orchiectomy or advanced disease at diagnosis should be staged and classified according to the IGCCCG prognostic classification. BEP is the most recommended chemotherapy, but other schedules such as EP or VIP may be used to avoid bleomycin in some patients. Efforts should be made to avoid unnecessary delays and dose reductions wherever possible. Insufficient marker decline after each cycle is associated with poor prognosis. Management of residual masses after chemotherapy differs between patients with seminoma and non-seminoma tumors. Patients at high risk of relapse, those with refractory tumors, or those who relapse after chemotherapy should be managed by multidisciplinary teams in experienced centers. Salvage treatment for these patients includes conventional-dose chemotherapy (TIP) and/or high-dose chemotherapy, although the best regimen and strategy for each subgroup of patients is not yet well established. In late recurrences, early complete surgical resection should be performed when feasible. Given the high cure rate of TGCT, oncologists should work with patients to prevent and identify potential long-term side effects of the treatment. The above recommendations also apply to extragonadal retroperitoneal and mediastinal tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"2783-2799"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11467073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141494140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-08-07DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03605-2
Laura Ortega Morán, Francisco José Pelegrín Mateo, Rut Porta Balanyà, Jacobo Rogado Revuelta, Silverio Ros Martínez, José Pablo Berros Fombella, Elena María Brozos Vázquez, Natalia Luque Caro, José Muñoz Langa, Mercedes Salgado Fernández
The Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) last published clinical guidelines on venous thromboembolism (VTE) and cancer in 2019, with a partial update in 2020. In this new update to the guidelines, SEOM seeks to incorporate recent evidence, based on a critical review of the literature, to provide practical current recommendations for the prophylactic and therapeutic management of VTE in patients with cancer. Special clinical situations whose management and/or choice of currently recommended therapeutic options (low-molecular-weight heparins [LMWHs] or direct-acting oral anticoagulants [DOACs]) is controversial are included.
{"title":"SEOM clinical guidelines on venous thromboembolism (VTE) and cancer (2023).","authors":"Laura Ortega Morán, Francisco José Pelegrín Mateo, Rut Porta Balanyà, Jacobo Rogado Revuelta, Silverio Ros Martínez, José Pablo Berros Fombella, Elena María Brozos Vázquez, Natalia Luque Caro, José Muñoz Langa, Mercedes Salgado Fernández","doi":"10.1007/s12094-024-03605-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-024-03605-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) last published clinical guidelines on venous thromboembolism (VTE) and cancer in 2019, with a partial update in 2020. In this new update to the guidelines, SEOM seeks to incorporate recent evidence, based on a critical review of the literature, to provide practical current recommendations for the prophylactic and therapeutic management of VTE in patients with cancer. Special clinical situations whose management and/or choice of currently recommended therapeutic options (low-molecular-weight heparins [LMWHs] or direct-acting oral anticoagulants [DOACs]) is controversial are included.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"2877-2901"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11467034/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141898843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-08-31DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03604-3
Luis Manso, Avinash Ramchandani-Vaswani, Ignacio Romero, Luisa Sánchez-Lorenzo, María José Bermejo-Pérez, Purificación Estévez-García, Lorena Fariña-Madrid, Yolanda García García, Marta Gil-Martin, María Quindós
Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of mortality in women worldwide. It is strongly associated with high-risk human papillomavirus infection. High-income countries that have implemented human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and screening programs have seen dramatic reductions in CC incidence, while developing countries where these programs are not available continue to experience high rates of CC deaths. In early-stage CC, the primary treatment is surgery or radiotherapy, whereas concurrent chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) remains the conventional approach in locally advanced stages until the upcoming approval of immunotherapy. The incorporation of immunotherapy in combination with chemotherapy (with or without bevacizumab) in first line and as monotherapy in second line after platinum-based chemotherapy, has significantly increased overall survival (OS) in recurrent or metastatic CC. The purpose of this guideline is to summarize the most relevant evidence in the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of CC and to provide evidence-based recommendations for clinical practice.
{"title":"SEOM-GEICO Clinical Guidelines on cervical cancer (2023).","authors":"Luis Manso, Avinash Ramchandani-Vaswani, Ignacio Romero, Luisa Sánchez-Lorenzo, María José Bermejo-Pérez, Purificación Estévez-García, Lorena Fariña-Madrid, Yolanda García García, Marta Gil-Martin, María Quindós","doi":"10.1007/s12094-024-03604-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-024-03604-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of mortality in women worldwide. It is strongly associated with high-risk human papillomavirus infection. High-income countries that have implemented human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and screening programs have seen dramatic reductions in CC incidence, while developing countries where these programs are not available continue to experience high rates of CC deaths. In early-stage CC, the primary treatment is surgery or radiotherapy, whereas concurrent chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) remains the conventional approach in locally advanced stages until the upcoming approval of immunotherapy. The incorporation of immunotherapy in combination with chemotherapy (with or without bevacizumab) in first line and as monotherapy in second line after platinum-based chemotherapy, has significantly increased overall survival (OS) in recurrent or metastatic CC. The purpose of this guideline is to summarize the most relevant evidence in the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of CC and to provide evidence-based recommendations for clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"2771-2782"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11466906/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142114434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-07-18DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03600-7
Fernando Rivera, Federico Longo, Marta Martín Richard, Paula Richart, Maria Alsina, Alberto Carmona, Ana Belén Custodio, Ana Fernández Montes, Javier Gallego, Tania Fleitas Kanonnikoff
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide with a varied geographic distribution and an aggressive behavior. In Spain, the incidence is lower and GC represents the tenth most frequent tumor and the seventh cause of cancer mortality. Molecular biology knowledge allowed to better profile patients for a personalized therapeutic approach. In the localized setting, the multidisciplinary team discussion is fundamental for planning the therapeutic approach. Endoscopic resection in very early stage, perioperative chemotherapy in locally advanced tumors, and chemoradiation + surgery + adjuvant immunotherapy for the GEJ are current standards. For the metastatic setting, biomarker profiling including Her2, PD-L1, MSS status is needed. Chemotherapy in combination with checkpoint inhibitors had improved the outcomes for patients with PD-L1 expression. Her2 positive patients should receive antiHer2 therapy added to chemotherapy. We describe the different evidences and recommendations based on the literature.
{"title":"SEOM-GEMCAD-TTD clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer (2023).","authors":"Fernando Rivera, Federico Longo, Marta Martín Richard, Paula Richart, Maria Alsina, Alberto Carmona, Ana Belén Custodio, Ana Fernández Montes, Javier Gallego, Tania Fleitas Kanonnikoff","doi":"10.1007/s12094-024-03600-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12094-024-03600-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide with a varied geographic distribution and an aggressive behavior. In Spain, the incidence is lower and GC represents the tenth most frequent tumor and the seventh cause of cancer mortality. Molecular biology knowledge allowed to better profile patients for a personalized therapeutic approach. In the localized setting, the multidisciplinary team discussion is fundamental for planning the therapeutic approach. Endoscopic resection in very early stage, perioperative chemotherapy in locally advanced tumors, and chemoradiation + surgery + adjuvant immunotherapy for the GEJ are current standards. For the metastatic setting, biomarker profiling including Her2, PD-L1, MSS status is needed. Chemotherapy in combination with checkpoint inhibitors had improved the outcomes for patients with PD-L1 expression. Her2 positive patients should receive antiHer2 therapy added to chemotherapy. We describe the different evidences and recommendations based on the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"2826-2840"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11467061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141635590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The purpose of this retrospective analysis was to evaluate the clinical presentations, radiological characteristics, patient outcomes, and therapeutic approaches among individuals diagnosed with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), high-grade glioma (HGG), and metastatic brain tumors (METS).
Methods: We assembled a cohort of brain tumor patients from two medical centers, with two oncologists independently reviewing their clinical profiles. A retrospective examination of 87 PCNSL, 87 HGG, and 71 METS cases was performed to assess the aforementioned parameters.
Results: Notable variations were identified in the incidence of epileptic seizures and cognitive impairments between PCNSL and METS patients. Cerebral hemisphere involvement was predominantly observed in HGG and METS cases. PCNSL cases exhibited a higher likelihood of multiple lesions, whereas HGG showed a greater tendency for recurrence. The median survival times were established at 24.3 months for PCNSL, 44.5 months for HGG, and 27.1 months for METS patients. In PCNSL cases, the number of lesions was identified as a significant predictor of mortality (P = 0.008).
Conclusions: Our findings highlight the importance of clinical and imaging features in diagnosing PCNSL, which may present distinct features compared to HGG and METS.
{"title":"Distinguishing clinical and imaging characteristics of primary central nervous system lymphoma from high-grade glioma and metastatic brain tumors.","authors":"Qian Hu, Shenyang Zhang, Rui Xue Ma, Fengyi Lu, Qi Zhang, Jia Jing, Hafiz Khuram Raza, Shengli Li, Li Cheng, Zuohui Zhang, Lin He, Wenqing Meng, Hao Chen, Wei Chen","doi":"10.1007/s12094-024-03771-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-024-03771-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this retrospective analysis was to evaluate the clinical presentations, radiological characteristics, patient outcomes, and therapeutic approaches among individuals diagnosed with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), high-grade glioma (HGG), and metastatic brain tumors (METS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assembled a cohort of brain tumor patients from two medical centers, with two oncologists independently reviewing their clinical profiles. A retrospective examination of 87 PCNSL, 87 HGG, and 71 METS cases was performed to assess the aforementioned parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Notable variations were identified in the incidence of epileptic seizures and cognitive impairments between PCNSL and METS patients. Cerebral hemisphere involvement was predominantly observed in HGG and METS cases. PCNSL cases exhibited a higher likelihood of multiple lesions, whereas HGG showed a greater tendency for recurrence. The median survival times were established at 24.3 months for PCNSL, 44.5 months for HGG, and 27.1 months for METS patients. In PCNSL cases, the number of lesions was identified as a significant predictor of mortality (P = 0.008).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings highlight the importance of clinical and imaging features in diagnosing PCNSL, which may present distinct features compared to HGG and METS.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-30DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03739-3
Zunlan Zhao, Yujie Shi, Shouhang Chen, Yan Xu, Fangfang Fu, Chong Li, Xiao Zhang, Ming Li, Xiqing Li
Objective: Glioblastoma (GBM), one of the most common brain tumors, is known for its low survival rates and poor treatment responses. This study aims to create a robust predictive model that integrates multiple feature types, including clinical data, RNA expression, and tumor microenvironment data, using fusion techniques to enhance model performance.
Methods: We obtained data from the SEER database to assess the impact of nine demographic and clinical features on the survival of 58,495 GBM patients and built predictive machine learning models. Additionally, mRNA expression data from 600 GBM patients from TCGA, CGGA, and GEO were analyzed. We used Cox regression and LASSO to create a gene signature, which was compared against 13 published signatures for accuracy. Twenty-one machine learning models were applied to predict survival at multiple time points. Finally, we integrated multiple feature types using fusion techniques and developed a Shiny app to provide survival predictions for GBM patients.
Results: Using the SEER database, we constructed machine learning models based on nine clinical variables: age, gender, marital status, race, tumor site, laterality, surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. The best-performing model achieved AUC values of 0.775, 0.728, 0.692, and 0.683 for predicting survival at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months in the testing cohort. In the merged TCGA, CGGA, and GEO cohorts, we identified 11 genes to develop predictive models. These 11 genes outperformed 13 other published gene signatures in predicting the prognosis of GBM. When incorporating mRNA features, tumor microenvironment features, and clinical variables into the fusion models, the AUC values for predicting survival at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months were 0.641, 0.624, 0.655, and 0.637, respectively. A user-friendly tool for predicting the survival curve of individual GBM patients is available at https://zzubioinfo.shinyapps.io/mlGBM/ .
Conclusions: Our study provides a web-based tool that includes two modules: one for predicting survival curves using only clinical variables, and another that integrates multiple feature types for more comprehensive predictions.
{"title":"Development of a web-based tool for estimating individualized survival curves in glioblastoma using clinical, mRNA, and tumor microenvironment features with fusion techniques.","authors":"Zunlan Zhao, Yujie Shi, Shouhang Chen, Yan Xu, Fangfang Fu, Chong Li, Xiao Zhang, Ming Li, Xiqing Li","doi":"10.1007/s12094-024-03739-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-024-03739-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Glioblastoma (GBM), one of the most common brain tumors, is known for its low survival rates and poor treatment responses. This study aims to create a robust predictive model that integrates multiple feature types, including clinical data, RNA expression, and tumor microenvironment data, using fusion techniques to enhance model performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We obtained data from the SEER database to assess the impact of nine demographic and clinical features on the survival of 58,495 GBM patients and built predictive machine learning models. Additionally, mRNA expression data from 600 GBM patients from TCGA, CGGA, and GEO were analyzed. We used Cox regression and LASSO to create a gene signature, which was compared against 13 published signatures for accuracy. Twenty-one machine learning models were applied to predict survival at multiple time points. Finally, we integrated multiple feature types using fusion techniques and developed a Shiny app to provide survival predictions for GBM patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using the SEER database, we constructed machine learning models based on nine clinical variables: age, gender, marital status, race, tumor site, laterality, surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. The best-performing model achieved AUC values of 0.775, 0.728, 0.692, and 0.683 for predicting survival at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months in the testing cohort. In the merged TCGA, CGGA, and GEO cohorts, we identified 11 genes to develop predictive models. These 11 genes outperformed 13 other published gene signatures in predicting the prognosis of GBM. When incorporating mRNA features, tumor microenvironment features, and clinical variables into the fusion models, the AUC values for predicting survival at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months were 0.641, 0.624, 0.655, and 0.637, respectively. A user-friendly tool for predicting the survival curve of individual GBM patients is available at https://zzubioinfo.shinyapps.io/mlGBM/ .</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study provides a web-based tool that includes two modules: one for predicting survival curves using only clinical variables, and another that integrates multiple feature types for more comprehensive predictions.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shugoshin 1 (SGO1) is one of the Shugoshin (guardian spirit) family proteins, which is reported to be majorly involved in the protection of centromeres and proper segregation of chromosomes during cell division. Recent studies found that the altered expression of SGO1 is associated with various cancers and genetic disorders, and suggested as a target for therapy. In the present study, we have reviewed the available literature on SGO1 gene and protein expression in various cancer-cell lines, animal models and cancer patients, and targeting SGO1 with siRNA/shRNA. A significant increase in the expression of SGO1 mRNA and protein levels were observed in prostate, renal, lung, breast, neuroblastoma, leukemia, hepatocellular, and colon cancer-cell lines and the levels were associated with increased cellular proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. The altered SGO1 levels were observed in SGO1 knockout/haploinsufficient mice compared to wild type and the levels were associated with increased chromosome instability and tumorigenesis. Consistent with cell lines, higher SGO1 expression was also observed in tumor tissues of cancer patients compared to adjacent normal tissue and the levels were positively correlated with tumor stage, grade, size, and hormonal status. Higher SGO1 expression was related to resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and the knockdown of SGO1 increased sensitivity to those agents. Furthermore, targeting SGO1 with siRNA/shRNA reduced the expression of SGO1 and proliferation, and induced apoptosis of cancer cells. Overall, the SGO1 expression levels were significantly higher in various cancers, and targeting SGO1 with siRNA and shRNA reduced the levels of SGO1, proliferation and metastasis of cancers.
{"title":"Shugoshin 1 expression in various cancers: a potential target for therapy.","authors":"Indumathi Ankathatti Narayanaswamy, Abhay Kumaraswamy Kattepur, Kalyani Raju, Venkatachalam Perumal, Ravi Ramalingam, Venkateswarlu Raavi","doi":"10.1007/s12094-024-03749-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-024-03749-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Shugoshin 1 (SGO1) is one of the Shugoshin (guardian spirit) family proteins, which is reported to be majorly involved in the protection of centromeres and proper segregation of chromosomes during cell division. Recent studies found that the altered expression of SGO1 is associated with various cancers and genetic disorders, and suggested as a target for therapy. In the present study, we have reviewed the available literature on SGO1 gene and protein expression in various cancer-cell lines, animal models and cancer patients, and targeting SGO1 with siRNA/shRNA. A significant increase in the expression of SGO1 mRNA and protein levels were observed in prostate, renal, lung, breast, neuroblastoma, leukemia, hepatocellular, and colon cancer-cell lines and the levels were associated with increased cellular proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. The altered SGO1 levels were observed in SGO1 knockout/haploinsufficient mice compared to wild type and the levels were associated with increased chromosome instability and tumorigenesis. Consistent with cell lines, higher SGO1 expression was also observed in tumor tissues of cancer patients compared to adjacent normal tissue and the levels were positively correlated with tumor stage, grade, size, and hormonal status. Higher SGO1 expression was related to resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and the knockdown of SGO1 increased sensitivity to those agents. Furthermore, targeting SGO1 with siRNA/shRNA reduced the expression of SGO1 and proliferation, and induced apoptosis of cancer cells. Overall, the SGO1 expression levels were significantly higher in various cancers, and targeting SGO1 with siRNA and shRNA reduced the levels of SGO1, proliferation and metastasis of cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":50685,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Translational Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}