Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2799/1/012017
Claus E. Andersen, M. F. Klavsen, Christina Ankjærgaard
Fiber coupled luminescence detectors based on organic plastic scintillators or inorganic materials such as Al2O3:C are suitable for dosimetry in strong magnetic fields as found in MR-linacs. The main finding of this work was that field-output factor measurements at the maximum dose point are less variable than if measured at the central beam axis (CAX). In contrast to plastic scintillators, Al2O3:C was found to have a yield of radioluminescence per dose that (within uncertainty) is independent of the magnetic field strength.
{"title":"On the use of Al2O3:C and plastic scintillators for small-field dosimetry in MR-linacs","authors":"Claus E. Andersen, M. F. Klavsen, Christina Ankjærgaard","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2799/1/012017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2799/1/012017","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Fiber coupled luminescence detectors based on organic plastic scintillators or inorganic materials such as Al2O3:C are suitable for dosimetry in strong magnetic fields as found in MR-linacs. The main finding of this work was that field-output factor measurements at the maximum dose point are less variable than if measured at the central beam axis (CAX). In contrast to plastic scintillators, Al2O3:C was found to have a yield of radioluminescence per dose that (within uncertainty) is independent of the magnetic field strength.","PeriodicalId":506941,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141846358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Microgrids typically consist of various energy resources such as thermal power, solar energy, wind energy, energy storage, and so on. These energy resources have different characteristics and fluctuations. By utilizing the characteristics of different energy resources in a complementary and synergistic manner, their energy utilization efficiency can be promoted and the system stability can be improved. This paper considers the energy storage device in the completion of a single charge and discharge loss, that is, the single-use cost. Special attention to the impact of start-stop costs of unit combinations on microgrid operations. It proposes that in the daily dispatch and operation of microgrids, sinking costs can be reasonably reduced within a reasonable range, and power supply reliability can be appropriately lowered to improve the economic performance of power systems. Using the single-use cost of energy storage devices and the start-stop costs of unit combinations as variables, their impact on the economic operation of isolated microgrids is analyzed. For grid-connected microgrids with the objectives of minimizing operating costs and achieving optimal environmental protection, an optimal balance between economic and environmental performance is achieved through solving by Anti-Entropy weight method and Particle Swarm Optimization combination.
{"title":"Multi-Objective Optimization Scheduling of Microgrids Considering Single Use Cost of Energy Storage and Unit Combination Startup and Shutdown Cost","authors":"Baojie Zhang, Yiqian Sun, Hongfeng Zhao, Hongyan Hao, Pengpeng Kang, Guixing Yang, Defu Liu, Guowei Fan, Guowei Liu","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2774/1/012051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2774/1/012051","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Microgrids typically consist of various energy resources such as thermal power, solar energy, wind energy, energy storage, and so on. These energy resources have different characteristics and fluctuations. By utilizing the characteristics of different energy resources in a complementary and synergistic manner, their energy utilization efficiency can be promoted and the system stability can be improved. This paper considers the energy storage device in the completion of a single charge and discharge loss, that is, the single-use cost. Special attention to the impact of start-stop costs of unit combinations on microgrid operations. It proposes that in the daily dispatch and operation of microgrids, sinking costs can be reasonably reduced within a reasonable range, and power supply reliability can be appropriately lowered to improve the economic performance of power systems. Using the single-use cost of energy storage devices and the start-stop costs of unit combinations as variables, their impact on the economic operation of isolated microgrids is analyzed. For grid-connected microgrids with the objectives of minimizing operating costs and achieving optimal environmental protection, an optimal balance between economic and environmental performance is achieved through solving by Anti-Entropy weight method and Particle Swarm Optimization combination.","PeriodicalId":506941,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series","volume":"11 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141846824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2774/1/012079
Qian Wei, Wenrong Song, Li Ji, Yiwei Zhang, Yongguang Sun, Hongjun Sun
Considering the low-carbon development goals of “peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality,” traditional energy enterprises, including oil fields, have accelerated the incorporation of new energy into their power grids. However, incorporating new energy generation into traditional oilfield power grids yields a series of safety hazards, making the stability of the oilfield power grid structure increasingly important. In this paper, a redefined theory of structural holes and the K-shell algorithm are utilized to identify both local and global key nodes in the oilfield power grid. The improved Tsallis entropy is employed to recognize these key nodes, accounting for their local influence within the oilfield power grid as well as their global status. Additionally, considering the electrical characteristics of the nodes, a set of measurement metrics suitable for oilfield power grid research is constructed. Finally, the IEEE-39 feeder system is simulated and compared with other key node identification methods. By analyzing the robustness of the topological structure and the loss load value of the power system after removing key nodes, the reliability and superiority of the proposed method are verified.
{"title":"Integrated Structural Hole and K-shell Algorithm for Tsallis Entropy-based Identification of Key Nodes in Power Grids","authors":"Qian Wei, Wenrong Song, Li Ji, Yiwei Zhang, Yongguang Sun, Hongjun Sun","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2774/1/012079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2774/1/012079","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Considering the low-carbon development goals of “peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality,” traditional energy enterprises, including oil fields, have accelerated the incorporation of new energy into their power grids. However, incorporating new energy generation into traditional oilfield power grids yields a series of safety hazards, making the stability of the oilfield power grid structure increasingly important. In this paper, a redefined theory of structural holes and the K-shell algorithm are utilized to identify both local and global key nodes in the oilfield power grid. The improved Tsallis entropy is employed to recognize these key nodes, accounting for their local influence within the oilfield power grid as well as their global status. Additionally, considering the electrical characteristics of the nodes, a set of measurement metrics suitable for oilfield power grid research is constructed. Finally, the IEEE-39 feeder system is simulated and compared with other key node identification methods. By analyzing the robustness of the topological structure and the loss load value of the power system after removing key nodes, the reliability and superiority of the proposed method are verified.","PeriodicalId":506941,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series","volume":"84 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141847212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2806/1/012011
Xiaohu Zhang, Mengyao Zhang, Ling Xu, Ruanming Huang, Canbing Li
Large-scale offshore wind generation has been integrated to power grids in China. The annual increase in electric vehicles, air conditioning systems, and other electrical facilities has intensified the randomness and volatility of power supply and demand, presenting significant challenges to the safe and economical operation of power systems. Energy storage systems serve as regulators in the power grid, yet the electrical performance and costs associated with various storage technologies differ considerably. Consequently, the strategic planning and development of energy storage solutions tailored to specific local conditions have emerged as critical areas of research. This paper presents an in-depth analysis of power characteristics across source loads, explores an optimized configuration approach for energy storage, and validates this method through a numerical example. The findings confirm the effectiveness of the proposed configuration strategy and offer pertinent recommendations for the implementation of energy storage solutions.
{"title":"Optimal allocation of offshore wind power and energy storage considering source-load power stochasticity","authors":"Xiaohu Zhang, Mengyao Zhang, Ling Xu, Ruanming Huang, Canbing Li","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2806/1/012011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2806/1/012011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Large-scale offshore wind generation has been integrated to power grids in China. The annual increase in electric vehicles, air conditioning systems, and other electrical facilities has intensified the randomness and volatility of power supply and demand, presenting significant challenges to the safe and economical operation of power systems. Energy storage systems serve as regulators in the power grid, yet the electrical performance and costs associated with various storage technologies differ considerably. Consequently, the strategic planning and development of energy storage solutions tailored to specific local conditions have emerged as critical areas of research. This paper presents an in-depth analysis of power characteristics across source loads, explores an optimized configuration approach for energy storage, and validates this method through a numerical example. The findings confirm the effectiveness of the proposed configuration strategy and offer pertinent recommendations for the implementation of energy storage solutions.","PeriodicalId":506941,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series","volume":"22 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141848155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2774/1/012065
Qiying Li, Yumeng Xie, Lei Yang, Kun Yang, Dongsheng Xu, Dongwei Qiao, Shuyuan Wang
While PV-battery hybrid grid integration has been recognized as an effective approach to enhance transient stability, the high operational and maintenance costs of energy storage systems constrain their reliability across various operating scenarios. To overcome this challenge, this paper takes the application of PV-battery subsystems in a distribution grid supply scenario as an example and conducts an in-depth analysis of the transient stability of PV systems during fault conditions. In cases where system demands are not adequately met, this research proposes a solution based on shared energy storage to enhance system supportability while maintaining economic feasibility. By appropriately allocating and sharing energy storage capacity, the system can better respond to sudden load fluctuations and fault conditions, ensuring a stable power supply. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed shared energy storage solution significantly enhances the transient stability of PV systems during fault conditions, effectively mitigating the destabilizing effects of PV grid integration. Furthermore, from an economic perspective, this solution can reduce energy storage operation and maintenance costs, enhancing overall system sustainability. In conclusion, this study presents a feasible and effective support solution for the application of PV systems in distribution grids, providing valuable insights to advance the reliability and sustainability of clean energy sources.
{"title":"Shared Energy Storage Scheme for Photovoltaic Energy Storage Power Supply System","authors":"Qiying Li, Yumeng Xie, Lei Yang, Kun Yang, Dongsheng Xu, Dongwei Qiao, Shuyuan Wang","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2774/1/012065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2774/1/012065","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 While PV-battery hybrid grid integration has been recognized as an effective approach to enhance transient stability, the high operational and maintenance costs of energy storage systems constrain their reliability across various operating scenarios. To overcome this challenge, this paper takes the application of PV-battery subsystems in a distribution grid supply scenario as an example and conducts an in-depth analysis of the transient stability of PV systems during fault conditions. In cases where system demands are not adequately met, this research proposes a solution based on shared energy storage to enhance system supportability while maintaining economic feasibility. By appropriately allocating and sharing energy storage capacity, the system can better respond to sudden load fluctuations and fault conditions, ensuring a stable power supply. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed shared energy storage solution significantly enhances the transient stability of PV systems during fault conditions, effectively mitigating the destabilizing effects of PV grid integration. Furthermore, from an economic perspective, this solution can reduce energy storage operation and maintenance costs, enhancing overall system sustainability. In conclusion, this study presents a feasible and effective support solution for the application of PV systems in distribution grids, providing valuable insights to advance the reliability and sustainability of clean energy sources.","PeriodicalId":506941,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141848666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2792/1/012014
P. Náhunková, C. Nunes, Z. Slížková, A. D. Frankeová
The protection of built cultural heritage is increasingly important due to climate change. Given that flooding is one of the most serious threats to the conservation of heritage objects, the goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of water and soluble salts on the mechanical strength of materials commonly used in old structures. An experimental analysis was conducted by wetting several types of conventional building materials (such as stone, lime mortar, and fired-clay brick), each characterised by distinct mechanical properties and porous structure. The impact of contamination with three types of soluble salts commonly found in historic buildings was also assessed. The results showed that the level of water saturation can have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of all the tested materials. In some cases, the sample heterogeneity surpassed the effect of water content on the mechanical behaviour. Brick and stone samples showed a similar trend in the strength behaviour. Brick had a flexural strength decrease of around 15% after 7 days of submersion in water and also after storage in an environment with high relative humidity. Mortar mixtures were more sensitive to the effect of water and salt solutions compared to stone and bricks. One-cycle of salt contamination followed by drying increased the mechanical strength of the tested materials.
{"title":"Impact of water content and salts on the mechanical properties of masonry materials used in historic structures","authors":"P. Náhunková, C. Nunes, Z. Slížková, A. D. Frankeová","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2792/1/012014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2792/1/012014","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The protection of built cultural heritage is increasingly important due to climate change. Given that flooding is one of the most serious threats to the conservation of heritage objects, the goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of water and soluble salts on the mechanical strength of materials commonly used in old structures. An experimental analysis was conducted by wetting several types of conventional building materials (such as stone, lime mortar, and fired-clay brick), each characterised by distinct mechanical properties and porous structure. The impact of contamination with three types of soluble salts commonly found in historic buildings was also assessed. The results showed that the level of water saturation can have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of all the tested materials. In some cases, the sample heterogeneity surpassed the effect of water content on the mechanical behaviour. Brick and stone samples showed a similar trend in the strength behaviour. Brick had a flexural strength decrease of around 15% after 7 days of submersion in water and also after storage in an environment with high relative humidity. Mortar mixtures were more sensitive to the effect of water and salt solutions compared to stone and bricks. One-cycle of salt contamination followed by drying increased the mechanical strength of the tested materials.","PeriodicalId":506941,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141849660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2790/1/012009
Rongchuang Chen, Zexu Qiu, Changbin Wu, Xingang Gan
High temperatures in torsional vibration dampers can cause silicone oil to fail, increasing crankshaft vibration and shortening component fatigue life. Accurate prediction of the damper temperature field is key to the manufacture of highly reliable torsional vibration dampers. This study establishes the relationship between temperature, torsional vibration amplitude, silicone oil viscosity, rotational speed, housing and inertia ring clearance, and heat generation power based on Comsol. A bench test was carried out on a 6-cylinder inline diesel engine. The simulated temperature profile matched the tested result in terms of trend and relative value, and the established model could accurately predict the temperature field of the engine crankshaft torsional vibration damper.
{"title":"Study on heat dissipation of torsional vibration damper for engine crankshaft","authors":"Rongchuang Chen, Zexu Qiu, Changbin Wu, Xingang Gan","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2790/1/012009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2790/1/012009","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 High temperatures in torsional vibration dampers can cause silicone oil to fail, increasing crankshaft vibration and shortening component fatigue life. Accurate prediction of the damper temperature field is key to the manufacture of highly reliable torsional vibration dampers. This study establishes the relationship between temperature, torsional vibration amplitude, silicone oil viscosity, rotational speed, housing and inertia ring clearance, and heat generation power based on Comsol. A bench test was carried out on a 6-cylinder inline diesel engine. The simulated temperature profile matched the tested result in terms of trend and relative value, and the established model could accurately predict the temperature field of the engine crankshaft torsional vibration damper.","PeriodicalId":506941,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series","volume":"72 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141838698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2774/1/012084
Zhenghong Bao, Jiyun Ren, Lili Wang, Shengjie Wang, Yao Chen, Zibin Li, Zile Wang, Yongfu Ma, Liao Li, Huan Chen
Gas insulated switchgear (GIS) is a critical component in power system, and the insulation testing is crucial before putting it into operation. Despite passing AC withstand tests, some GIS equipment exhibit insulation faults during operation. Existing AC withstand tests fall short in detecting all insulation faults in GIS equipment. To address this issue, a proposal is made to conduct a comprehensive simulation of actual GIS equipment operating conditions through a combined voltage and current boost test, aiming to address the limitations of existing tests. This study, based on a 330kV GIS test platform, compares the partial discharge characteristics of suspension defects under traditional voltage-boosting mode and the combined voltage and current boost mode. The research investigates the influence of simultaneously applying voltage and current on discharge characteristics. It is observed that the voltage and current boost combined mode significantly increase the partial discharge inception voltage (PDIV) and the corresponding apparent discharge compared to other modes. The apparent discharge quantity after a certain period of current flow during the discharge development process is greater than that observed in other modes. The current notably enhances the ultrasonic amplitude of partial discharge. These findings establish an experimental foundation for conducting voltage and current combined boost tests in the field.
{"title":"Research on Partial Discharge Characteristics of Suspension Defect in GIS under the Action of Voltage and Current","authors":"Zhenghong Bao, Jiyun Ren, Lili Wang, Shengjie Wang, Yao Chen, Zibin Li, Zile Wang, Yongfu Ma, Liao Li, Huan Chen","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2774/1/012084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2774/1/012084","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Gas insulated switchgear (GIS) is a critical component in power system, and the insulation testing is crucial before putting it into operation. Despite passing AC withstand tests, some GIS equipment exhibit insulation faults during operation. Existing AC withstand tests fall short in detecting all insulation faults in GIS equipment. To address this issue, a proposal is made to conduct a comprehensive simulation of actual GIS equipment operating conditions through a combined voltage and current boost test, aiming to address the limitations of existing tests. This study, based on a 330kV GIS test platform, compares the partial discharge characteristics of suspension defects under traditional voltage-boosting mode and the combined voltage and current boost mode. The research investigates the influence of simultaneously applying voltage and current on discharge characteristics. It is observed that the voltage and current boost combined mode significantly increase the partial discharge inception voltage (PDIV) and the corresponding apparent discharge compared to other modes. The apparent discharge quantity after a certain period of current flow during the discharge development process is greater than that observed in other modes. The current notably enhances the ultrasonic amplitude of partial discharge. These findings establish an experimental foundation for conducting voltage and current combined boost tests in the field.","PeriodicalId":506941,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141838885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2793/1/012002
Talal Al-Ameen, Maythem Mahmud, Imad Muhi
The binomial (Taylor) expansion of the Lorentz factor has been reconsidered here in an attempt to find out whether the Newtonian kinetic energy and the Einsteinian rest-mass energy are implicitly embedded in the mathematical structure of the binomial expansion of the Lorentz factor (as Einstein postulated in his Special Theory of Relativity). Advocates of Standard Special Relativity show that it is possible to obtain these two kinds of energy by multiplying both sides of the expansion of the Lorentz factor by the moving object’s rest mass m0 and the square of the speed of light c2. This study shows that the apparent reconciliation between classical and relativistic physics made possible by employing the binomial expansion of the Lorentz factor γ=[1−(v2c2)]−12, where
这里重新考虑了洛伦兹系数的二项式（泰勒）展开，试图找出牛顿动能和爱因斯坦静止质量能是否隐含在洛伦兹系数二项式展开的数学结构中（如爱因斯坦在他的狭义相对论中所假设的那样）。标准狭义相对论的倡导者指出，将洛伦兹系数展开的两边分别乘以运动物体的静止质量 m 0 和光速 c 2 的平方，就可以得到这两种能量。这项研究表明，利用洛伦兹系数 γ = [ 1 - ( v 2 c 2 ) 的二项式展开，可以在表面上调和经典物理学和相对论物理学。 ] - 1 2，其中 v 是运动物体的速度，这一点值得商榷。此外，爱因斯坦著名的静止质量能量方程 E = m 0 c 2（从动能网 = mrelativistic c 2 - m 0 c 2 得出）如何用于计算核裂变释放的能量？
{"title":"Can Newtonian kinetic energy and Einsteinian rest-mass energy be expressed by the binomial expansion of the Lorentz factor? And how valid is using Einstein’s E = mc2 to calculate the nuclear fission energy?","authors":"Talal Al-Ameen, Maythem Mahmud, Imad Muhi","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2793/1/012002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2793/1/012002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 <jats:p>The binomial (Taylor) expansion of the Lorentz factor has been reconsidered here in an attempt to find out whether the <jats:italic>Newtonian kinetic energy</jats:italic> and the <jats:italic>Einsteinian rest-mass energy</jats:italic> are implicitly embedded in the mathematical structure of the binomial expansion of the Lorentz factor (as Einstein postulated in his Special Theory of Relativity). Advocates of Standard Special Relativity show that it is possible to obtain these two kinds of energy by multiplying both sides of the expansion of the Lorentz factor by the moving object’s rest mass <jats:italic>m</jats:italic>\u0000 <jats:sub>0</jats:sub> and the square of the speed of light <jats:italic>c</jats:italic>\u0000 <jats:sup>2</jats:sup>. This study shows that the <jats:italic>apparent</jats:italic> reconciliation between classical and relativistic physics made possible by employing the binomial expansion of the Lorentz factor <jats:inline-formula>\u0000 <jats:tex-math/>\u0000 <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" overflow=\"scroll\">\u0000 <mml:mrow>\u0000 <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi>\u0000 <mml:mo>=</mml:mo>\u0000 <mml:msup>\u0000 <mml:mrow>\u0000 <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">[</mml:mo>\u0000 <mml:mn>1</mml:mn>\u0000 <mml:mo>−</mml:mo>\u0000 <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</mml:mo>\u0000 <mml:mfrac>\u0000 <mml:mrow>\u0000 <mml:msup>\u0000 <mml:mi>v</mml:mi>\u0000 <mml:mn>2</mml:mn>\u0000 </mml:msup>\u0000 </mml:mrow>\u0000 <mml:mrow>\u0000 <mml:msup>\u0000 <mml:mi>c</mml:mi>\u0000 <mml:mn>2</mml:mn>\u0000 </mml:msup>\u0000 </mml:mrow>\u0000 </mml:mfrac>\u0000 <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</mml:mo>\u0000 <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">]</mml:mo>\u0000 </mml:mrow>\u0000 <mml:mrow>\u0000 <mml:mo>−</mml:mo>\u0000 <mml:mfrac>\u0000 <mml:mn>1</mml:mn>\u0000 <mml:mn>2</mml:mn>\u0000 </mml:mfrac>\u0000 </mml:mrow>\u0000 </mml:msup>\u0000 </mml:mrow>\u0000 </mml:math>\u0000 </jats:inline-formula>, where <ja","PeriodicalId":506941,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series","volume":"30 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141838971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The greenhouse effect caused by SF6 gas in the power system cannot be ignored, and N2 has enormous industrial potential to replace pure SF6 by mixing with SF6 due to its advantages of low environmental pollution, low price, and stable chemical performance. This article combines density functional theory (DFT) and transition state theory (TST) to calculate the molecular structure and vibrational frequency information of various reactants, products, and transition states involved in SF6/N2 gas mixtures containing water and oxygen. The single point energy of each component is calculated using the CCSD (T)/cc pvtz theory level, and all reaction barrier energies are obtained. The calculated molecular structure and vibration frequency results are in good agreement with the experimental data of NIST, proving the reliability of the calculation method in this paper. The difficulty of the reaction can be determined by obtaining all the reaction barrier energies. It was found that SF5 molecules are unstable and prone to decomposition. SF4 is very important in the SF6/N2 reaction system, and further decomposition will produce a large number of stable by-products. The calculation method in this article helps to deeply understand the decomposition reaction mechanism of SF6/N2 mixed gas, and is of great significance for the research of decomposition experiments.
{"title":"Calculation of the Structure and Reaction Potential Barrier of the Decomposition Products of SF6/N2 Mixed Gases","authors":"Jien Niu, Yongqi Wang, Gang Liu, Honggang Chen, Huanhuan Niu, Xinhong Fan, Zhengyuan Zhang, Rui Zhao","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2774/1/012059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2774/1/012059","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The greenhouse effect caused by SF6 gas in the power system cannot be ignored, and N2 has enormous industrial potential to replace pure SF6 by mixing with SF6 due to its advantages of low environmental pollution, low price, and stable chemical performance. This article combines density functional theory (DFT) and transition state theory (TST) to calculate the molecular structure and vibrational frequency information of various reactants, products, and transition states involved in SF6/N2 gas mixtures containing water and oxygen. The single point energy of each component is calculated using the CCSD (T)/cc pvtz theory level, and all reaction barrier energies are obtained. The calculated molecular structure and vibration frequency results are in good agreement with the experimental data of NIST, proving the reliability of the calculation method in this paper. The difficulty of the reaction can be determined by obtaining all the reaction barrier energies. It was found that SF5 molecules are unstable and prone to decomposition. SF4 is very important in the SF6/N2 reaction system, and further decomposition will produce a large number of stable by-products. The calculation method in this article helps to deeply understand the decomposition reaction mechanism of SF6/N2 mixed gas, and is of great significance for the research of decomposition experiments.","PeriodicalId":506941,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141851056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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