Pub Date : 2024-03-31DOI: 10.23919/cje.2022.00.362
Wanqiu Cui;Dawei Wang;Na Han
The current booming development of the Internet has put the public in an era of information overload, in which false information is mixed and spread unscrupulously. This phenomenon has seriously disturbed the social network order. Thus, a substantial amount of research is beginning to be devoted to the effective management of fake information. We analyze the abnormal characteristics of fake information from its mechanism of generation and dissemination. In view of different exceptional features, we systematically sort out and evaluate the existing studies on false content detection. The commonly used public datasets, metrics, and performance are categorized and compared, hoping to provide a basis and guidance for related research. The study found that the current active social platforms show different novelty. The future direction should point to mining platform features of multi-domain sources, multi-data forms, and multi-language heterogeneity to provide more valuable clues for fake information.
{"title":"Survey on Fake Information Generation, Dissemination and Detection","authors":"Wanqiu Cui;Dawei Wang;Na Han","doi":"10.23919/cje.2022.00.362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cje.2022.00.362","url":null,"abstract":"The current booming development of the Internet has put the public in an era of information overload, in which false information is mixed and spread unscrupulously. This phenomenon has seriously disturbed the social network order. Thus, a substantial amount of research is beginning to be devoted to the effective management of fake information. We analyze the abnormal characteristics of fake information from its mechanism of generation and dissemination. In view of different exceptional features, we systematically sort out and evaluate the existing studies on false content detection. The commonly used public datasets, metrics, and performance are categorized and compared, hoping to provide a basis and guidance for related research. The study found that the current active social platforms show different novelty. The future direction should point to mining platform features of multi-domain sources, multi-data forms, and multi-language heterogeneity to provide more valuable clues for fake information.","PeriodicalId":50701,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10543241","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141187416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-31DOI: 10.23919/cje.2022.00.383
Jiamei Liu;Lin Tan;Hong Xu
Deoxys-BC is the primitive tweakable block cipher of the Deoxys family of authenticated encryption schemes. Based on existing related-tweakey boomerang distinguishers, this paper improves the boomerang attacks on 11-round Deoxys-BC-256 and 13-round Deoxys-BC-384 by the optimized key guessing and the precomputation technique. It transfers a part of subtweakey guess in the key-recovery phase to the precomputation resulting in a significant reduction of the overall time complexity. For 11-round Deoxys-BC-256, we give a related-tweakey boomerang attack with time/data/memory complexities of $2^{218.6}/2^{125.7}/2^{125.7}$ , and give another attack with the less time complexity of $2^{215.8}$ and memory complexity of $2^{120}$ when the adversary has access to the full codebook. For 13-round Deoxys-BC-384, we give a related-tweakey boomerang attack with time/data/memory complexities of $2^{k-96}+2^{157.5}/2^{120.4}/2^{113}$ . For the key size $k=256$ , it reduces the time complexity by a factor of $2^{31}$ compared with the previous 13-round boomerang attack. In addition, we present two new related-tweakey boomerang distinguishers on 11-round Deoxys-BC-384 with the same probability as the best previous distinguisher.
{"title":"New Related-Tweakey Boomerang Attacks and Distinguishers on Deoxys-BC","authors":"Jiamei Liu;Lin Tan;Hong Xu","doi":"10.23919/cje.2022.00.383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cje.2022.00.383","url":null,"abstract":"Deoxys-BC is the primitive tweakable block cipher of the Deoxys family of authenticated encryption schemes. Based on existing related-tweakey boomerang distinguishers, this paper improves the boomerang attacks on 11-round Deoxys-BC-256 and 13-round Deoxys-BC-384 by the optimized key guessing and the precomputation technique. It transfers a part of subtweakey guess in the key-recovery phase to the precomputation resulting in a significant reduction of the overall time complexity. For 11-round Deoxys-BC-256, we give a related-tweakey boomerang attack with time/data/memory complexities of \u0000<tex>$2^{218.6}/2^{125.7}/2^{125.7}$</tex>\u0000, and give another attack with the less time complexity of \u0000<tex>$2^{215.8}$</tex>\u0000 and memory complexity of \u0000<tex>$2^{120}$</tex>\u0000 when the adversary has access to the full codebook. For 13-round Deoxys-BC-384, we give a related-tweakey boomerang attack with time/data/memory complexities of \u0000<tex>$2^{k-96}+2^{157.5}/2^{120.4}/2^{113}$</tex>\u0000. For the key size \u0000<tex>$k=256$</tex>\u0000, it reduces the time complexity by a factor of \u0000<tex>$2^{31}$</tex>\u0000 compared with the previous 13-round boomerang attack. In addition, we present two new related-tweakey boomerang distinguishers on 11-round Deoxys-BC-384 with the same probability as the best previous distinguisher.","PeriodicalId":50701,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10543216","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141187436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-31DOI: 10.23919/cje.2022.00.395
Tao Jiang;Wanqing Chen;Hangping Zhou;Jinyang He;Peihan Qi
In order to cope with the heavy labor cost challenge of the manual abnormal spectrum classification and improve the effectiveness of existing machine learning schemes for spectral datasets with interference-to-signal ratios, we proposes a semi-supervised classification of abnormal spectrum signals (SSC-ASS), aimed at addressing some of the challenges in abnormal spectrum signal (ASS) classification tasks. A significant advantage of SSC-ASS is that it does not require manual labeling of every abnormal data, but instead achieves high-precision classification of ASSs using only a small number of labeled data. Furthermore, the method can to some extent avoid the introduction of erroneous information resulting from the complex and variable nature of abnormal signals, thereby improving classification accuracy. Specifically, SSC-ASS uses a memory AutoEncoder module to efficiently extract features from abnormal spectrum signals by learning from the reconstruction error. Additionally, SSC-ASS combines convolutional neural network and the $K$ -means using a DeepCluster framework to fully utilize the unlabeled data. Furthermore, SSC-ASS also utilizes pre-training, category mean memory module and replaces pseudo-labels to further improve the classification accuracy of ASSs. And we verify the classification effectiveness of SSC-ASS on synthetic spectrum datasets and real on-air spectrum dataset.
为了应对人工异常频谱分类所带来的巨大人力成本挑战，并提高现有机器学习方案在具有干扰信号比的频谱数据集上的有效性，我们提出了异常频谱信号半监督分类（SSC-ASS），旨在解决异常频谱信号（ASS）分类任务中的一些难题。SSC-ASS 的一个显著优势是，它不需要对每个异常数据进行人工标注，而只需使用少量标注数据即可实现高精度的 ASS 分类。此外，该方法还能在一定程度上避免因异常信号复杂多变而引入错误信息，从而提高分类精度。具体来说，SSC-ASS 使用内存自动编码器模块，通过学习重构误差，有效地提取异常频谱信号的特征。此外，SSC-ASS 利用 DeepCluster 框架将卷积神经网络和 $K$-means 结合起来，充分利用了未标记数据。此外，SSC-ASS 还利用预训练、类别均值记忆模块和替换伪标签等方法，进一步提高了 ASS 的分类精度。我们还在合成频谱数据集和真实空中频谱数据集上验证了 SSC-ASS 的分类效果。
{"title":"Towards Semi-Supervised Classification of Abnormal Spectrum Signals Based on Deep Learning","authors":"Tao Jiang;Wanqing Chen;Hangping Zhou;Jinyang He;Peihan Qi","doi":"10.23919/cje.2022.00.395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cje.2022.00.395","url":null,"abstract":"In order to cope with the heavy labor cost challenge of the manual abnormal spectrum classification and improve the effectiveness of existing machine learning schemes for spectral datasets with interference-to-signal ratios, we proposes a semi-supervised classification of abnormal spectrum signals (SSC-ASS), aimed at addressing some of the challenges in abnormal spectrum signal (ASS) classification tasks. A significant advantage of SSC-ASS is that it does not require manual labeling of every abnormal data, but instead achieves high-precision classification of ASSs using only a small number of labeled data. Furthermore, the method can to some extent avoid the introduction of erroneous information resulting from the complex and variable nature of abnormal signals, thereby improving classification accuracy. Specifically, SSC-ASS uses a memory AutoEncoder module to efficiently extract features from abnormal spectrum signals by learning from the reconstruction error. Additionally, SSC-ASS combines convolutional neural network and the \u0000<tex>$K$</tex>\u0000-means using a DeepCluster framework to fully utilize the unlabeled data. Furthermore, SSC-ASS also utilizes pre-training, category mean memory module and replaces pseudo-labels to further improve the classification accuracy of ASSs. And we verify the classification effectiveness of SSC-ASS on synthetic spectrum datasets and real on-air spectrum dataset.","PeriodicalId":50701,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10543217","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141187371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-31DOI: 10.23919/cje.2023.00.135
Shi Chen;Jingyu Liu;Li Shen
Graph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged as powerful approaches to learn knowledge about graphs and vertices. The rapid employment of GNNs poses requirements for processing efficiency. Due to incompatibility of general platforms, dedicated hardware devices and platforms are developed to efficiently accelerate training and inference of GNNs. We conduct a survey on hardware acceleration for GNNs. We first include and introduce recent advances of the domain, and then provide a methodology of categorization to classify existing works into three categories. Next, we discuss optimization techniques adopted at different levels. And finally we propose suggestions on future directions to facilitate further works.
{"title":"A Survey on Graph Neural Network Acceleration: A Hardware Perspective","authors":"Shi Chen;Jingyu Liu;Li Shen","doi":"10.23919/cje.2023.00.135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cje.2023.00.135","url":null,"abstract":"Graph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged as powerful approaches to learn knowledge about graphs and vertices. The rapid employment of GNNs poses requirements for processing efficiency. Due to incompatibility of general platforms, dedicated hardware devices and platforms are developed to efficiently accelerate training and inference of GNNs. We conduct a survey on hardware acceleration for GNNs. We first include and introduce recent advances of the domain, and then provide a methodology of categorization to classify existing works into three categories. Next, we discuss optimization techniques adopted at different levels. And finally we propose suggestions on future directions to facilitate further works.","PeriodicalId":50701,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10543244","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141187441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.23919/cje.2022.00.069
Rui Zhou;Yong Wang;Yi Wang;Yaxin Zhang
This paper investigates the performance of a new generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) parallel relay free space optical (FSO) communication system using multi-input multi-output (MIMO) orthogonal space-time block codes (OSTBC) scheme. Under the M distribution atmospheric turbulence, taking into account the triple effects of irradiance, pointing errors and path loss, the mathematical expression of system symbol error rate is derived with the help of Meijer G-function. The symbol error performance of GFDM is compared with on-off keying, Gaussian minimum shift keying, polarization shift keying and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation methods. The effects of the MIMO-OSTBC parallel relay scheme on the GFDM system including filter roll down coefficient, the number of transmitting and receiving antennas, the number of relays, normalized beamwidth and jitter variance are analyzed, and the numerical results are verified by Monte Carlo simulation. This work provides a good foundation for engineering applications.
本文研究了使用多输入多输出（MIMO）正交时空块编码（OSTBC）方案的新型广义频分复用（GFDM）并行中继自由空间光（FSO）通信系统的性能。在 M 分布大气湍流条件下，考虑到辐照度、指向误差和路径损耗的三重影响，利用 Meijer G 函数推导出了系统符号误差率的数学表达式。GFDM 的符号误差性能与开关键控、高斯最小移位键控、偏振移位键控和正交频分复用（OFDM）调制方法进行了比较。分析了 MIMO-OSTBC 并行中继方案对 GFDM 系统的影响，包括滤波器滚降系数、发射和接收天线数量、中继数量、归一化波束宽度和抖动方差，并通过蒙特卡罗仿真验证了数值结果。这项工作为工程应用奠定了良好的基础。
{"title":"Performance Study of MIMO-OSTBC Parallel Relay FSO System Based on GFDM","authors":"Rui Zhou;Yong Wang;Yi Wang;Yaxin Zhang","doi":"10.23919/cje.2022.00.069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cje.2022.00.069","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the performance of a new generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) parallel relay free space optical (FSO) communication system using multi-input multi-output (MIMO) orthogonal space-time block codes (OSTBC) scheme. Under the M distribution atmospheric turbulence, taking into account the triple effects of irradiance, pointing errors and path loss, the mathematical expression of system symbol error rate is derived with the help of Meijer G-function. The symbol error performance of GFDM is compared with on-off keying, Gaussian minimum shift keying, polarization shift keying and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation methods. The effects of the MIMO-OSTBC parallel relay scheme on the GFDM system including filter roll down coefficient, the number of transmitting and receiving antennas, the number of relays, normalized beamwidth and jitter variance are analyzed, and the numerical results are verified by Monte Carlo simulation. This work provides a good foundation for engineering applications.","PeriodicalId":50701,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10488075","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140339975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Power is an issue that must be considered in the design of logic circuits. Power optimization is a combinatorial optimization problem, since it is necessary to search for a logical expression that consumes the least amount of power from a large number of Reed-Muller (RM) logical expressions. The existing approach for optimizing the power of multi-output mixed polarity RM (MPRM) logic circuits suffer from poor optimization results. To solve this problem, a whale optimization algorithm with two-populations strategy and mutation strategy (TMWOA) is proposed in this paper. The two-populations strategy speeds up the convergence of the algorithm by exchanging information about the two-populations. The mutation strategy enhances the ability of the algorithm to jump out of the local optimal solutions by using the information of the current optimal solution. Based on the TMWOA, we propose a multi-output MPRM logic circuits power optimization approach (TMMPOA). Experiments based on the benchmark circuits of the Microelectronics Center of North Carolina (MCNC) validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed TMMPOA.
{"title":"An Effective Power Optimization Approach Based on Whale Optimization Algorithm with Two-Populations and Mutation Strategies","authors":"Juncai He;Zhenxue He;Jia Liu;Yan Zhang;Fan Zhang;Fangfang Liang;Tao Wang;Limin Xiao;Xiang Wang;Jianguo Hu","doi":"10.23919/cje.2022.00.358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cje.2022.00.358","url":null,"abstract":"Power is an issue that must be considered in the design of logic circuits. Power optimization is a combinatorial optimization problem, since it is necessary to search for a logical expression that consumes the least amount of power from a large number of Reed-Muller (RM) logical expressions. The existing approach for optimizing the power of multi-output mixed polarity RM (MPRM) logic circuits suffer from poor optimization results. To solve this problem, a whale optimization algorithm with two-populations strategy and mutation strategy (TMWOA) is proposed in this paper. The two-populations strategy speeds up the convergence of the algorithm by exchanging information about the two-populations. The mutation strategy enhances the ability of the algorithm to jump out of the local optimal solutions by using the information of the current optimal solution. Based on the TMWOA, we propose a multi-output MPRM logic circuits power optimization approach (TMMPOA). Experiments based on the benchmark circuits of the Microelectronics Center of North Carolina (MCNC) validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed TMMPOA.","PeriodicalId":50701,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10488054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140342782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of the electromagnetic compatibility conducted susceptibility test for interconnected cables in the system is to evaluate its ability to operate acceptably when subjected to interference. We propose a novel conducted susceptibility analysis approach: by injecting the Gaussian even pulse signal, we find that the susceptibility threshold of the system shows two different patterns with the change of signal parameters; then we locate the cause of the susceptibility of the device by analyzing the threshold level curves. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is verified by testing with devices containing digital modules such as navigation receivers. The proposed approach facilitates a deeper understanding of the susceptibility mechanism of systems and their appropriate electromagnetic compatibility design.
{"title":"A Novel Approach of Electromagnetic Compatibility Conducted Susceptibility Analysis Based on Gaussian Even Pulse Signal","authors":"Youwei Meng;Yanhua Peng;Haoyang Zhang;Lilin Li;Donglin Su;Yinghong Wen","doi":"10.23919/cje.2022.00.298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cje.2022.00.298","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the electromagnetic compatibility conducted susceptibility test for interconnected cables in the system is to evaluate its ability to operate acceptably when subjected to interference. We propose a novel conducted susceptibility analysis approach: by injecting the Gaussian even pulse signal, we find that the susceptibility threshold of the system shows two different patterns with the change of signal parameters; then we locate the cause of the susceptibility of the device by analyzing the threshold level curves. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is verified by testing with devices containing digital modules such as navigation receivers. The proposed approach facilitates a deeper understanding of the susceptibility mechanism of systems and their appropriate electromagnetic compatibility design.","PeriodicalId":50701,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10488055","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140342739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.23919/cje.2023.00.027
Peng Chu;Jianguo Feng;Peng Zhu;Lei Guo;Long Zhang;Leilei Liu;Guoqing Luo;Ke Wu;Shilong Pan
This article presents a highly efficient method for substrate-integrated-waveguide (SIW) filters to achieve very wide stopbands. By employing the proposed trisection slots in addition to the bisection slots as the inter-coupling structures, all spurious modes below TE505 of a SIW filter working in the fundamental mode TE 101 (fo) can be eliminated without requiring additional structure or complex theoretical analysis, without affecting the design of the fundamental passbands, and without degrading the performance of the filters. For verification, two prototype filters are designed, fabricated, and measured with wide stopbands up to 4.15f o and 4.83f 0 , respectively. The proposed technique could facilitate the development of high-performance wide-stopband SIW filters for microwave/wireless circuits and systems.
{"title":"Wide Stopband Substrate Integrated Waveguide Filter Using Bisection and Trisection Coupling in Multilayer","authors":"Peng Chu;Jianguo Feng;Peng Zhu;Lei Guo;Long Zhang;Leilei Liu;Guoqing Luo;Ke Wu;Shilong Pan","doi":"10.23919/cje.2023.00.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cje.2023.00.027","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a highly efficient method for substrate-integrated-waveguide (SIW) filters to achieve very wide stopbands. By employing the proposed trisection slots in addition to the bisection slots as the inter-coupling structures, all spurious modes below TE505 of a SIW filter working in the fundamental mode TE\u0000<inf>101</inf>\u0000(fo) can be eliminated without requiring additional structure or complex theoretical analysis, without affecting the design of the fundamental passbands, and without degrading the performance of the filters. For verification, two prototype filters are designed, fabricated, and measured with wide stopbands up to 4.15f\u0000<inf>o</inf>\u0000and 4.83f\u0000<inf>0</inf>\u0000, respectively. The proposed technique could facilitate the development of high-performance wide-stopband SIW filters for microwave/wireless circuits and systems.","PeriodicalId":50701,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10488067","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140342813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.23919/cje.2022.00.310
Fan Zhang;Dongrong Zhang;Qiang Ren;Aixin Chen;Donglin Su;Yikai Chen
Since many third parties involved in integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing, hardware Trojans malicious implantation have become a threat to the IC industry. Therefore, varieties of reliable hardware Trojan detection methods are needed. Since electromagnetic radiation is an inherent phenomenon of electronic devices, there are significant differences in the electromagnetic radiated characteristics for circuits with different structures and operating states. In this paper, a novel hardware Trojan detection method is proposed, which considers the electromagnetic radiation differences caused by hardware Trojan implantation. Experiments of detecting hardware Trojan in field programmable gate arrays show that the proposed method can effectively distinguish the ICs with Trojan from the ones without Trojan by the radiated emission.
{"title":"Analytical Models of on-Chip Hardware Trojan Detection Based on Radiated Emission Characteristics","authors":"Fan Zhang;Dongrong Zhang;Qiang Ren;Aixin Chen;Donglin Su;Yikai Chen","doi":"10.23919/cje.2022.00.310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cje.2022.00.310","url":null,"abstract":"Since many third parties involved in integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing, hardware Trojans malicious implantation have become a threat to the IC industry. Therefore, varieties of reliable hardware Trojan detection methods are needed. Since electromagnetic radiation is an inherent phenomenon of electronic devices, there are significant differences in the electromagnetic radiated characteristics for circuits with different structures and operating states. In this paper, a novel hardware Trojan detection method is proposed, which considers the electromagnetic radiation differences caused by hardware Trojan implantation. Experiments of detecting hardware Trojan in field programmable gate arrays show that the proposed method can effectively distinguish the ICs with Trojan from the ones without Trojan by the radiated emission.","PeriodicalId":50701,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10488049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140342814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.23919/cje.2022.00.397
Ruiming Xu;Zhongjie Guo;Suiyang Liu;Ningmei Yu;Yunfei Liu
Aiming at the problem of the non-uniformity of the ramp signal in the super-large array CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) image sensors, a ramp uniformity correction method for CMOS image sensors is proposed in this paper. Based on the error storage technique, the ramp non-uniformity error is stored. And the input ramp signal of each column is shifted by level-shifting technique to eliminate the ramp non-uniformity error. Based on the 55 nm-1P4M CMOS process, this paper has completed the detailed circuit design and comprehensive simulation verification of the proposed method. Under the design conditions that the voltage range of the ramp signal is 1.4 V, the slope of the ramp signal is 71.908 V /ms, the number of pixels is 8192 (H) x 8192 (V), and a single pixel size is 10 µm, the correction method proposed in this paper reduces the ramp non-uniformity error from 7.89 m V to 36 µ V. The differential non-linearity of the ramp signal is +0.0013/-0.004 LSB and the integral non-linearity is +0.045/-0.021 LSB. The ramp uniformity correction method proposed in this paper reduces the ramp non-uniformity error by 99.54% on the basis of ensuring the high linearity of the ramp signal, without significantly increasing the chip area and without introducing additional power consumption. The column fixed-pattern noise is reduced from 1.9% to 0.01%. It provides theoretical support for the design of high-precision CMOS image sensors.
{"title":"Global Ramp Uniformity Correction Method for Super-Large Array CMOS Image Sensors","authors":"Ruiming Xu;Zhongjie Guo;Suiyang Liu;Ningmei Yu;Yunfei Liu","doi":"10.23919/cje.2022.00.397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cje.2022.00.397","url":null,"abstract":"Aiming at the problem of the non-uniformity of the ramp signal in the super-large array CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) image sensors, a ramp uniformity correction method for CMOS image sensors is proposed in this paper. Based on the error storage technique, the ramp non-uniformity error is stored. And the input ramp signal of each column is shifted by level-shifting technique to eliminate the ramp non-uniformity error. Based on the 55 nm-1P4M CMOS process, this paper has completed the detailed circuit design and comprehensive simulation verification of the proposed method. Under the design conditions that the voltage range of the ramp signal is 1.4 V, the slope of the ramp signal is 71.908 V /ms, the number of pixels is 8192 (H) x 8192 (V), and a single pixel size is 10 µm, the correction method proposed in this paper reduces the ramp non-uniformity error from 7.89 m V to 36 µ V. The differential non-linearity of the ramp signal is +0.0013/-0.004 LSB and the integral non-linearity is +0.045/-0.021 LSB. The ramp uniformity correction method proposed in this paper reduces the ramp non-uniformity error by 99.54% on the basis of ensuring the high linearity of the ramp signal, without significantly increasing the chip area and without introducing additional power consumption. The column fixed-pattern noise is reduced from 1.9% to 0.01%. It provides theoretical support for the design of high-precision CMOS image sensors.","PeriodicalId":50701,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10488066","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140342781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：