Kevin A González-Falfán, C. Guerrero-Barajas, J. Badillo-Corona, L. Fernández-Linares
Growth comparisons were made between a microalgal consortium and Scenedesmus sp. cultivated in treated wastewater (TWw) enriched with 1 mL·L–1 Bayfolan Forte fertilizer (BM), TWw enriched with (NH4)2HPO4 (PAM), TWw enriched with NH4HCO3 (BCAM), tap water with piggery wastewater (PEM), tap water with piggery wastewater digestate (PDM), and raw wastewater (Ww). Nitrogen (N) content in the media, except for TWw, was adjusted to 80 mg·L–1 N (NH4+-N and NO3–-N). Unconventional low-cost media with lower nutrient contents (BM and TWw) showed adequate productions of biomass and lipids. PEM was the most advantageous medium, showing the highest biomass productivity with the consortium (191.25 ± 6.25 g·L–1·d–1) and a lipid productivity of 36.75 ± 9.90 mg·L–1·d–1. The fatty acid profile was composed mainly of C16 and C18. PAM, PEM, and PDM showed a higher proportion of saturated fatty acids (60%–69%), whereas the composition of unsaturated fatty acids was in the range of 31% to 38%. In PEM and PDM the removal of NH4+ was 100%; however, there were NH4+ losses (as NH3) due to volatilization (46%). Unconventional media, especially Ww, are an option for growing microalgae.
{"title":"Production of metabolites from Scenedesmus sp. and a microalgal consortium cultured in unconventional media","authors":"Kevin A González-Falfán, C. Guerrero-Barajas, J. Badillo-Corona, L. Fernández-Linares","doi":"10.7773/cm.v47i2.3138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7773/cm.v47i2.3138","url":null,"abstract":"Growth comparisons were made between a microalgal consortium and Scenedesmus sp. cultivated in treated wastewater (TWw) enriched with 1 mL·L–1 Bayfolan Forte fertilizer (BM), TWw enriched with (NH4)2HPO4 (PAM), TWw enriched with NH4HCO3 (BCAM), tap water with piggery wastewater (PEM), tap water with piggery wastewater digestate (PDM), and raw wastewater (Ww). Nitrogen (N) content in the media, except for TWw, was adjusted to 80 mg·L–1 N (NH4+-N and NO3–-N). Unconventional low-cost media with lower nutrient contents (BM and TWw) showed adequate productions of biomass and lipids. PEM was the most advantageous medium, showing the highest biomass productivity with the consortium (191.25 ± 6.25 g·L–1·d–1) and a lipid productivity of 36.75 ± 9.90 mg·L–1·d–1. The fatty acid profile was composed mainly of C16 and C18. PAM, PEM, and PDM showed a higher proportion of saturated fatty acids (60%–69%), whereas the composition of unsaturated fatty acids was in the range of 31% to 38%. In PEM and PDM the removal of NH4+ was 100%; however, there were NH4+ losses (as NH3) due to volatilization (46%). Unconventional media, especially Ww, are an option for growing microalgae.","PeriodicalId":50702,"journal":{"name":"Ciencias Marinas","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45083315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pamela Molina-Salgado, J. Alfaro‐Shigueto, Adriana González-Pestana
Batoids are among the least studied group of vertebrates and one of the most vulnerable to fishing. The rasptail skate, Rostroraja velezi, is a bycatch species in northern Peru for which there are no studies on its diet. This research aims to document the diet of R. velezi on the northern Peruvian coast and to determine if there are sex-based differences in the diet. A total of 74 R. velezi stomachs were collected, 59 of which had stomach contents. The cumulative prey curve showed reliability in the number of samples collected. According to the prey-specific index of relative importance, diet was dominated by Acanthephyra sp. (31%), other unidentified Caridea (15%), and unidentified teleosts (17%). A low significant difference in diet between sexes was found (R = 0.21, P < 0.01). The trophic position of R. velezi was 3.9 ± 0.7. This species displays bentopelagic feeding behavior and it is a secondary predator in northern Peru.
{"title":"Diet of the rasptail skate, Rostroraja velezi (Rajiformes: Rajidae), off Piura, Peru","authors":"Pamela Molina-Salgado, J. Alfaro‐Shigueto, Adriana González-Pestana","doi":"10.7773/cm.v47i2.3132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7773/cm.v47i2.3132","url":null,"abstract":"Batoids are among the least studied group of vertebrates and one of the most vulnerable to fishing. The rasptail skate, Rostroraja velezi, is a bycatch species in northern Peru for which there are no studies on its diet. This research aims to document the diet of R. velezi on the northern Peruvian coast and to determine if there are sex-based differences in the diet. A total of 74 R. velezi stomachs were collected, 59 of which had stomach contents. The cumulative prey curve showed reliability in the number of samples collected. According to the prey-specific index of relative importance, diet was dominated by Acanthephyra sp. (31%), other unidentified Caridea (15%), and unidentified teleosts (17%). A low significant difference in diet between sexes was found (R = 0.21, P < 0.01). The trophic position of R. velezi was 3.9 ± 0.7. This species displays bentopelagic feeding behavior and it is a secondary predator in northern Peru.","PeriodicalId":50702,"journal":{"name":"Ciencias Marinas","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47180257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sea turtles depend on ambient temperature to carry out their main activities, so changes in water temperature can affect the function of their immune system and represent different threats. To assess vital signs in black sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) in the Ojo de Liebre lagoon complex, Mexico, 600 turtles were examined. Carapace, plastron, and left inguinal area temperatures were measured with a digital infrared thermometer gun. Cloacal temperature was measured with an electronic thermometer. Heart rate was recorded using a stethoscope. Statistical analyses found no significant variation between inguinal area and cloacal temperatures. Vital sign measurements were compared with previous reports in the region, and there were differences in body temperatures, which were attributed to the characteristics of the water masses inhabited by the turtles. There was no significant difference between heart rate data for black sea turtles in this study and previously reported data for healthy sea turtles in the region, indicating that these data are likely an accurate representation for the species. All values fell within the reference intervals for healthy sea turtles. This minimally invasive diagnostic approach using vital signs allowed us to evaluate and infer core organ functions and to rule out health threats such as cold-stunning, resulting in a useful preliminary systemic assessment of freeranging sea turtles.
海龟的主要活动依赖于环境温度，因此水温的变化会影响其免疫系统的功能，并代表不同的威胁。为了评估墨西哥Ojo de Liebre泻湖复合体中黑海龟（Chelonia mydas）的生命体征，对600只海龟进行了检查。用数字红外体温计枪测量Carapace、plastron和左腹股沟区的温度。用电子温度计测量阴沟温度。用听诊器记录心率。统计分析发现腹股沟区和阴沟温度之间没有显著差异。生命体征测量结果与该地区以前的报告进行了比较，体温存在差异，这归因于海龟居住的水团的特征。这项研究中黑海龟的心率数据与之前报道的该地区健康海龟的数据之间没有显著差异，这表明这些数据可能是该物种的准确代表。所有数值均在健康海龟的参考区间内。这种利用生命体征的微创诊断方法使我们能够评估和推断核心器官功能，并排除冷晕等健康威胁，从而对自由放养的海龟进行了有用的初步系统评估。
{"title":"Comparison of body temperature and heart rate in sea turtles from Baja California Sur, Mexico","authors":"Helena Fernández-Sanz, Eduardo Reséndiz","doi":"10.7773/CM.V47I2.3187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7773/CM.V47I2.3187","url":null,"abstract":"Sea turtles depend on ambient temperature to carry out their main activities, so changes in water temperature can affect the function of their immune system and represent different threats. To assess vital signs in black sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) in the Ojo de Liebre lagoon complex, Mexico, 600 turtles were examined. Carapace, plastron, and left inguinal area temperatures were measured with a digital infrared thermometer gun. Cloacal temperature was measured with an electronic thermometer. Heart rate was recorded using a stethoscope. Statistical analyses found no significant variation between inguinal area and cloacal temperatures. Vital sign measurements were compared with previous reports in the region, and there were differences in body temperatures, which were attributed to the characteristics of the water masses inhabited by the turtles. There was no significant difference between heart rate data for black sea turtles in this study and previously reported data for healthy sea turtles in the region, indicating that these data are likely an accurate representation for the species. All values fell within the reference intervals for healthy sea turtles. This minimally invasive diagnostic approach using vital signs allowed us to evaluate and infer core organ functions and to rule out health threats such as cold-stunning, resulting in a useful preliminary systemic assessment of freeranging sea turtles.","PeriodicalId":50702,"journal":{"name":"Ciencias Marinas","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49554545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alejandra Quintero-Morales, Wenseslao Plata-Rocha, Vicente Olimón-Andalón, S. Monjardin-Armenta, Xanath Nemiga-Antonio
En los últimos años, se ha deforestado el 20% de manglar a nivel mundial. México es de los países con mayor pérdida de superficie de mangle, algo que contribuye a las emisiones de CO2 e impulsa el cambio climático. Sin embargo, falta conocimiento sobre los factores que influyen en la pérdida y la ganancia del manglar, las emisiones de CO2, y la dinámica de usos de suelo y cobertura vegetal a escala local y regional. Por tanto, los objetivos de este estudio fueron analizar la dinámica de uso de suelo en la zona de Marismas Nacionales (México) durante el periodo 1981–2015, determinar la tasa de deforestación y degradación anual del manglar y estimar las emisiones de CO2 derivadas de estos procesos utilizando técnicas de información geográfica. Para determinar los cambios de uso de suelo, con la matriz de tabulación cruzada, se adquirieron diversos parámetros de cambio que permitieron generar una ecuación para estimar la tasa de deforestación y degradación. Con los datos del Inventario Nacional de Emisiones de Gases y Compuestos de Efecto Invernadero (México), se estimaron las emisiones y las absorciones de CO2 (equivalente, CO2e) promovidas por deforestación, degradación, reforestación y recuperación natural de manglares. Para el periodo 1981–2005, la emisión estimada fue de 432.50 Gg de CO2e debido a una tasa anual de deforestación del 0.77%, y la degradación fue de 27.16 Gg de CO2e a una tasa anual de1 7.64%. Para el periodo 2005–2015, la emisión fue de 145.21 Gg de CO2e debido a una tasa anual de deforestación del 0.44%, y la degradación fue de 24.80 Gg de CO2e a una tasa anual del 4.94%. La mayor pérdida de manglar se debió a la transformación a suelos con categorías de agrícola-pecuario y desarrollo antrópico. La degradación sucedió por fenómenos naturales y actividades antropogénicas.
{"title":"Dinámica de cambios de uso de suelo y estimación de CO2 en manglares de la zona Marismas Nacionales, México","authors":"Alejandra Quintero-Morales, Wenseslao Plata-Rocha, Vicente Olimón-Andalón, S. Monjardin-Armenta, Xanath Nemiga-Antonio","doi":"10.7773/cm.v47i2.3162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7773/cm.v47i2.3162","url":null,"abstract":"En los últimos años, se ha deforestado el 20% de manglar a nivel mundial. México es de los países con mayor pérdida de superficie de mangle, algo que contribuye a las emisiones de CO2 e impulsa el cambio climático. Sin embargo, falta conocimiento sobre los factores que influyen en la pérdida y la ganancia del manglar, las emisiones de CO2, y la dinámica de usos de suelo y cobertura vegetal a escala local y regional. Por tanto, los objetivos de este estudio fueron analizar la dinámica de uso de suelo en la zona de Marismas Nacionales (México) durante el periodo 1981–2015, determinar la tasa de deforestación y degradación anual del manglar y estimar las emisiones de CO2 derivadas de estos procesos utilizando técnicas de información geográfica. Para determinar los cambios de uso de suelo, con la matriz de tabulación cruzada, se adquirieron diversos parámetros de cambio que permitieron generar una ecuación para estimar la tasa de deforestación y degradación. Con los datos del Inventario Nacional de Emisiones de Gases y Compuestos de Efecto Invernadero (México), se estimaron las emisiones y las absorciones de CO2 (equivalente, CO2e) promovidas por deforestación, degradación, reforestación y recuperación natural de manglares. Para el periodo 1981–2005, la emisión estimada fue de 432.50 Gg de CO2e debido a una tasa anual de deforestación del 0.77%, y la degradación fue de 27.16 Gg de CO2e a una tasa anual de1 7.64%. Para el periodo 2005–2015, la emisión fue de 145.21 Gg de CO2e debido a una tasa anual de deforestación del 0.44%, y la degradación fue de 24.80 Gg de CO2e a una tasa anual del 4.94%. La mayor pérdida de manglar se debió a la transformación a suelos con categorías de agrícola-pecuario y desarrollo antrópico. La degradación sucedió por fenómenos naturales y actividades antropogénicas.","PeriodicalId":50702,"journal":{"name":"Ciencias Marinas","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43287283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fernando José Bello-Fuentes, Héctor García-Nava, Fernando Andrade-Canto, Reginaldo Durazo, R. Castro, Ismael Yarbuh
Los remolinos son estructuras transitorias que influyen en gran medida en la circulación promedio del océano. Modifican la distribución de masa y propiedades como calor, sal, clorofila y partículas inertes. La capacidad que tienen los remolinos para transportar propiedades o partículas depende de su capacidad de retención. En este estudio se identificaron y caracterizaron los remolinos de mesoescala del noroeste del golfo de México (NOGM) a través de un método lagrangiano que permite evaluar el tiempo de retención y la fracción de masa que pueden retener y transportar. Para el análisis, se utilizaron datos diarios de altimetría de 1993 a 2016. En el periodo de estudio se detectaron un total de 254 remolinos, 73 anticiclones y 181 ciclones. Se identificó una región (94.75º W, 26.75º N) donde ocurren ~30% del total de los remolinos ciclónicos detectados entre las isóbatas de 1,000 y 2,500 m. En promedio, el radio de los remolinos fue de ~40 km para la isobata <1,000 m y ~70 km para la isobata >2,500 m. Los remolinos de mesoescala del NOGM pueden trasportar ~60% de la masa que contenían al momento de ser detectados. En promedio, el transporte de masa ocurrió por 33 d para los ciclones y por 26 d para los anticiclones. Rara vez ocurrió por 60 d o más.
{"title":"Tiempo de retención y capacidad de transporte de los remolinos del noroeste del golfo de México","authors":"Fernando José Bello-Fuentes, Héctor García-Nava, Fernando Andrade-Canto, Reginaldo Durazo, R. Castro, Ismael Yarbuh","doi":"10.7773/cm.v47i2.3116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7773/cm.v47i2.3116","url":null,"abstract":"Los remolinos son estructuras transitorias que influyen en gran medida en la circulación promedio del océano. Modifican la distribución de masa y propiedades como calor, sal, clorofila y partículas inertes. La capacidad que tienen los remolinos para transportar propiedades o partículas depende de su capacidad de retención. En este estudio se identificaron y caracterizaron los remolinos de mesoescala del noroeste del golfo de México (NOGM) a través de un método lagrangiano que permite evaluar el tiempo de retención y la fracción de masa que pueden retener y transportar. Para el análisis, se utilizaron datos diarios de altimetría de 1993 a 2016. En el periodo de estudio se detectaron un total de 254 remolinos, 73 anticiclones y 181 ciclones. Se identificó una región (94.75º W, 26.75º N) donde ocurren ~30% del total de los remolinos ciclónicos detectados entre las isóbatas de 1,000 y 2,500 m. En promedio, el radio de los remolinos fue de ~40 km para la isobata <1,000 m y ~70 km para la isobata >2,500 m. Los remolinos de mesoescala del NOGM pueden trasportar ~60% de la masa que contenían al momento de ser detectados. En promedio, el transporte de masa ocurrió por 33 d para los ciclones y por 26 d para los anticiclones. Rara vez ocurrió por 60 d o más.","PeriodicalId":50702,"journal":{"name":"Ciencias Marinas","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48420769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-10DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e68495
M. Rivera-Higueras, H. Pérez-España
Based on several in situ observations, the species Ptereleotris calliura (family Gobiidae) and Liopropoma rubre (family Serranidae) are added to the taxonomic fish inventory of the Veracruz reef system, Mexico. While P. calliura was found on sandy substratum in the lagoon, L. rubre was detected on the reef slope. With their addition, the checklist of reef fishes in the Veracruz reef system is expanded to 479 species. Given these findings, we predict that additional survey efforts (beyond visual transects) will reveal more previously unrecorded species of cryptic fishes in the Veracruz reef system.
{"title":"First record of the cryptic fishes Ptereleotris calliura (Gobiidae) and Liopropoma rubre (Serranidae) from the Veracruz reef system in Mexico","authors":"M. Rivera-Higueras, H. Pérez-España","doi":"10.3897/arphapreprints.e68495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/arphapreprints.e68495","url":null,"abstract":"Based on several in situ observations, the species Ptereleotris calliura (family Gobiidae) and Liopropoma rubre (family Serranidae) are added to the taxonomic fish inventory of the Veracruz reef system, Mexico. While P. calliura was found on sandy substratum in the lagoon, L. rubre was detected on the reef slope. With their addition, the checklist of reef fishes in the Veracruz reef system is expanded to 479 species. Given these findings, we predict that additional survey efforts (beyond visual transects) will reveal more previously unrecorded species of cryptic fishes in the Veracruz reef system.","PeriodicalId":50702,"journal":{"name":"Ciencias Marinas","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43717830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luis Enrique Ángeles‐González, E. Solana‐Arellano, V. Díaz‐Castañeda, O. Flores-Uzeta, Maricarmen Necoechea-Zamora
This work constitutes an effort to evaluate benthic biodiversity in Bahía de Los Ángeles, Gulf of California, Mexico. To characterize macrofauna at the family level, 2 sampling campaigns took place during summer 2013 and winter 2014 at 6 coastal stations. A total of 18,403 invertebrates were collected, 7,880 in summer and 10,523 in winter. These invertebrates were grouped into 6 phyla and 110 families, comprising 39 mollusks, 33 crustaceans, 30 polychaetes, 5 echinoderms, 2 cnidarians, and 1 cephalochordate. In both sampling periods, mollusks were the dominant group, especially in summer, followed by polychaetes and crustaceans, which were more abundant in winter. Ten new records were established for the area. The most abundant trophic groups were deposit feeders and carnivores. This research could be used to evaluate future changes in benthic assemblages in Bahía de Los Ángeles.
{"title":"Soft-bottom macrofauna along the coast of Bahía de Los Ángeles, Gulf of California, during the summer and winter","authors":"Luis Enrique Ángeles‐González, E. Solana‐Arellano, V. Díaz‐Castañeda, O. Flores-Uzeta, Maricarmen Necoechea-Zamora","doi":"10.7773/CM.V47I1.3146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7773/CM.V47I1.3146","url":null,"abstract":"This work constitutes an effort to evaluate benthic biodiversity in Bahía de Los Ángeles, Gulf of California, Mexico. To characterize macrofauna at the family level, 2 sampling campaigns took place during summer 2013 and winter 2014 at 6 coastal stations. A total of 18,403 invertebrates were collected, 7,880 in summer and 10,523 in winter. These invertebrates were grouped into 6 phyla and 110 families, comprising 39 mollusks, 33 crustaceans, 30 polychaetes, 5 echinoderms, 2 cnidarians, and 1 cephalochordate. In both sampling periods, mollusks were the dominant group, especially in summer, followed by polychaetes and crustaceans, which were more abundant in winter. Ten new records were established for the area. The most abundant trophic groups were deposit feeders and carnivores. This research could be used to evaluate future changes in benthic assemblages in Bahía de Los Ángeles.","PeriodicalId":50702,"journal":{"name":"Ciencias Marinas","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45031129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Meling-López, S. E. Ibarra-Obando, Horacio De la Cueva, Pedro Ortega-Romero, A. L. Navarro-Verdugo
Does Zostera marina exhibit phenotypic plasticity, maximizing fitness in traits responding to environmental factors, i.e., depth and temperature? We compared the vegetative and sexual phenology and reproductive effort of Z. marina by analyzing vegetative and reproductive shoot density, biomass, and reproductive stages to determine structural features of vegetative and reproductive shoots from subtidal and intertidal environments in San Quintín Bay, Baja California, a year before and after the 1997–1998 El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO). We found significant differences in vegetative and reproductive biomass between intertidal and subtidal environments driven by temperature differences between ENSO and non-ENSO years. Subtidal plants had lower density of long reproductive shoots and a shorter reproductive cycle. Seed release occurred from May to October in the subtidal environment, and from May to November in the intertidal environment. Maximal recorded values were 219.5 (±45.8) seeds per reproductive shoot in the subtidal environment and 151.3 (±21.5) in the intertidal environment. We observed higher sexual activity and lower vegetative biomass in the intertidal environment, the most stressful environment. Both vegetative and reproductive biomass were affected by the increase in temperature during ENSO, but vegetative and reproductive shoot densities were not
{"title":"Effect of depth gradient and temperature on Zostera marina vegetative and reproductive phenology in the first year of the 1997–1998 El Niño","authors":"A. Meling-López, S. E. Ibarra-Obando, Horacio De la Cueva, Pedro Ortega-Romero, A. L. Navarro-Verdugo","doi":"10.7773/CM.V47I1.3101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7773/CM.V47I1.3101","url":null,"abstract":"Does Zostera marina exhibit phenotypic plasticity, maximizing fitness in traits responding to environmental factors, i.e., depth and temperature? We compared the vegetative and sexual phenology and reproductive effort of Z. marina by analyzing vegetative and reproductive shoot density, biomass, and reproductive stages to determine structural features of vegetative and reproductive shoots from subtidal and intertidal environments in San Quintín Bay, Baja California, a year before and after the 1997–1998 El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO). We found significant differences in vegetative and reproductive biomass between intertidal and subtidal environments driven by temperature differences between ENSO and non-ENSO years. Subtidal plants had lower density of long reproductive shoots and a shorter reproductive cycle. Seed release occurred from May to October in the subtidal environment, and from May to November in the intertidal environment. Maximal recorded values were 219.5 (±45.8) seeds per reproductive shoot in the subtidal environment and 151.3 (±21.5) in the intertidal environment. We observed higher sexual activity and lower vegetative biomass in the intertidal environment, the most stressful environment. Both vegetative and reproductive biomass were affected by the increase in temperature during ENSO, but vegetative and reproductive shoot densities were not","PeriodicalId":50702,"journal":{"name":"Ciencias Marinas","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43454050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel Arceo-Carranza, Emanuel A Dorantes Acereto, L. C. Hernández-Mendoza, Xavier Chiappa Carrara
Las lagunas costeras son sistemas dominados por la variabilidad ambiental ocasionada por ciclos estacionales o nictémeros, lo cual influye directamente en la composición de especies como la de los peces. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la variación en la composición de la comunidad de peces a 2 escalas temporales y analizar la dieta de especies marinas que utilizan la laguna en alguna etapa de su ciclo de vida. El estudio se realizó en la laguna Carbonera en la costa norte de Yucatán, México. Se recolectaron peces cada 2 h con un chinchorro playero durante un ciclo de 24 h, en campañas bimestrales de diciembre de 2010 a octubre de 2011. Las variables hidrológicas registradas y la comunidad de peces se evaluaron a escala nictémera y estacional, y se observaron cambios significativos en la temperatura y la salinidad. La riqueza específica y la diversidad de peces fueron mayores durante la noche, cuando se registraron especies marinas como los armados (Orthopristis chrysoptera), las corvinas (Bairdiella chrysoura), las mojarras (Eugerres plumieri) y los roncos (Haemulon plumierii). La mayor abundancia se obtuvo durante las horas de luz debido a la presencia de cardúmenes de juveniles de sardina (Harengula clupeola) y especies residentes (Floridichthys polyommus y Fundulus persimilis). Se analizó la alimentación de 10 especies de peces marinos en estadio juvenil, y se identificaron 4 principales gremios tróficos (piscívoros, detritívoros, malacófagos y zoobentófagos). Las especies marinas en estadio juvenil de importancia comercial que utilizan la laguna Carbonera para alimentación son las lisas, las sardinas y los roncos. Por lo tanto, este sistema brinda recursos a juveniles de especies de gran importancia para la pesca artesanal, por lo que es de suma importancia elaborar estrategias de manejo para su protección y conservación.
{"title":"Cambios temporales en la abundancia y la alimentación de una comunidad de peces marinos en una laguna costera del sureste mexicano","authors":"Daniel Arceo-Carranza, Emanuel A Dorantes Acereto, L. C. Hernández-Mendoza, Xavier Chiappa Carrara","doi":"10.7773/CM.V47I1.3103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7773/CM.V47I1.3103","url":null,"abstract":"Las lagunas costeras son sistemas dominados por la variabilidad ambiental ocasionada por ciclos estacionales o nictémeros, lo cual influye directamente en la composición de especies como la de los peces. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la variación en la composición de la comunidad de peces a 2 escalas temporales y analizar la dieta de especies marinas que utilizan la laguna en alguna etapa de su ciclo de vida. El estudio se realizó en la laguna Carbonera en la costa norte de Yucatán, México. Se recolectaron peces cada 2 h con un chinchorro playero durante un ciclo de 24 h, en campañas bimestrales de diciembre de 2010 a octubre de 2011. Las variables hidrológicas registradas y la comunidad de peces se evaluaron a escala nictémera y estacional, y se observaron cambios significativos en la temperatura y la salinidad. La riqueza específica y la diversidad de peces fueron mayores durante la noche, cuando se registraron especies marinas como los armados (Orthopristis chrysoptera), las corvinas (Bairdiella chrysoura), las mojarras (Eugerres plumieri) y los roncos (Haemulon plumierii). La mayor abundancia se obtuvo durante las horas de luz debido a la presencia de cardúmenes de juveniles de sardina (Harengula clupeola) y especies residentes (Floridichthys polyommus y Fundulus persimilis). Se analizó la alimentación de 10 especies de peces marinos en estadio juvenil, y se identificaron 4 principales gremios tróficos (piscívoros, detritívoros, malacófagos y zoobentófagos). Las especies marinas en estadio juvenil de importancia comercial que utilizan la laguna Carbonera para alimentación son las lisas, las sardinas y los roncos. Por lo tanto, este sistema brinda recursos a juveniles de especies de gran importancia para la pesca artesanal, por lo que es de suma importancia elaborar estrategias de manejo para su protección y conservación.","PeriodicalId":50702,"journal":{"name":"Ciencias Marinas","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49644248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jazmín Arleth Cosain-Díaz, J. Tortolero-Langarica, Alma Paola Rodríguez-Troncoso, Eric Bautista-Guerrero, Diana María Antuna-Roman, Patricia Salazar-Silva, A. Cupul-Magaña
The development and maintenance of the physical structure of coral reefs depends on the balance between production (accretion) and removal (erosion) of CaCO3 produced mainly by reef-building corals. This calcareous material may be removed from the coral skeleton by means of physical, chemical, or biological agents, with the latter being the most influential. Despite being important, bioerosion studies on coral reefs from the Pacific coast of Mexico are scarce. In this study, we determined the volume and percentage of CaCO3 removed through bioerosion from the main massive coral species, Pavona gigantea, Porites lobata, and Porites panamensis, in the Islas Marietas and Isla Isabel National Parks (Mexico). We also evaluated the effect of extrinsic (morphology, sex, and age) and intrinsic (depth and location) factors on bioerosion. The buoyant weight technique was used to estimate internal bioerosion parameters and CaCO3 skeletal density. At the species level, P. gigantea showed volume of bioerosion values of 71.31 ± 32.35 cm3 (27.28 ± 18.05% of internal bioerosion); Po. lobata, 26.60 ± 24.87 cm3 (16.87 ± 16.31%); and Po. panamensis, 29.6 ± 14.61 cm3 (31.127 ± 29.43%). At the genus level, Pavona exhibited the highest bioerosion and skeletal density values (1.61 g·cm–3). Regarding morphology, bioerosion was higher in massive corals, but regarding age, it was higher in adult colonies (10–26 years). Islas Marietas National Park showed the highest values for volume and percentage of bioerosion. The results suggest that coral reefs on the Pacific coast of central Mexico are undergoing a high degree of inconspicuous erosion by internal bioeroders and its variability is controlled by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. If this effect continues to rise, it could threaten the long-term maintenance of coral communities, modifying the carbonate flux equilibrium and the ecological functionality of coral reef ecosystems.
{"title":"Bioerosión interna en corales masivos asociados a las comunidades arrecifales del Pacífico nororiental tropical: Efecto de factores intrínsecos y extrínsecos","authors":"Jazmín Arleth Cosain-Díaz, J. Tortolero-Langarica, Alma Paola Rodríguez-Troncoso, Eric Bautista-Guerrero, Diana María Antuna-Roman, Patricia Salazar-Silva, A. Cupul-Magaña","doi":"10.7773/CM.V47I1.3047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7773/CM.V47I1.3047","url":null,"abstract":"The development and maintenance of the physical structure of coral reefs depends on the balance between production (accretion) and removal (erosion) of CaCO3 produced mainly by reef-building corals. This calcareous material may be removed from the coral skeleton by means of physical, chemical, or biological agents, with the latter being the most influential. Despite being important, bioerosion studies on coral reefs from the Pacific coast of Mexico are scarce. In this study, we determined the volume and percentage of CaCO3 removed through bioerosion from the main massive coral species, Pavona gigantea, Porites lobata, and Porites panamensis, in the Islas Marietas and Isla Isabel National Parks (Mexico). We also evaluated the effect of extrinsic (morphology, sex, and age) and intrinsic (depth and location) factors on bioerosion. The buoyant weight technique was used to estimate internal bioerosion parameters and CaCO3 skeletal density. At the species level, P. gigantea showed volume of bioerosion values of 71.31 ± 32.35 cm3 (27.28 ± 18.05% of internal bioerosion); Po. lobata, 26.60 ± 24.87 cm3 (16.87 ± 16.31%); and Po. panamensis, 29.6 ± 14.61 cm3 (31.127 ± 29.43%). At the genus level, Pavona exhibited the highest bioerosion and skeletal density values (1.61 g·cm–3). Regarding morphology, bioerosion was higher in massive corals, but regarding age, it was higher in adult colonies (10–26 years). Islas Marietas National Park showed the highest values for volume and percentage of bioerosion. The results suggest that coral reefs on the Pacific coast of central Mexico are undergoing a high degree of inconspicuous erosion by internal bioeroders and its variability is controlled by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. If this effect continues to rise, it could threaten the long-term maintenance of coral communities, modifying the carbonate flux equilibrium and the ecological functionality of coral reef ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":50702,"journal":{"name":"Ciencias Marinas","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71354659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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