Pub Date : 2024-07-21DOI: 10.1177/19427786241266147
Andi Schmied
This photo essay is an introduction to a new architectural typology that has emerged as recently as in the 2010s: the speculatively built ultrathin, ultraluxury residential skyscraper, serving as the apotheosis of architecture and global finance intertwined. In stark contrast to what their marketing materials suggest, these supertalls are rarely lived in. Their primary purpose is to store the surplus capital of their ultrawealthy buyers safely—and, of course, to generate jaw-dropping returns for the development companies. Ultraluxury supertalls are present in many global metropolises. Still, in this essay, I will focus on Manhattan, where the skyline has been radically reshaped in the past 10 years by this new crop of skyscrapers, many built around 57th Street, also known as Billionaires’ Row. The paper, accompanied by photographs of the views of some of these towers, will aim to describe this new architectural typology, its target audience, legislative origins, and engineering records and give a feel into what it is like to be on the top of the world—or at least own a few thousand square feet of it. The text is based on artistic research methods: while posing as Gabriella, an apartment-hunting Hungarian billionaire, I accessed and documented the views of 25 of these buildings. Thus, this essay is enriched with details from sales brochures and photographs and transcribed conversation fragments from the viewings.
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Pub Date : 2024-06-14DOI: 10.1177/19427786241258717
Ryan Stock, Thomas Ptak
Polycrystalline silicon is an essential input for solar photovoltaic technologies, commonly found in quartz and sand. India's headlong lunge into solar power will require an immense amount of domestically sourced polycrystalline silicon from Uttar Pradesh. Drawing on mixed-methods fieldwork, this study asks the following research question: Which factors produce the precarity of silica miners? This study found that Dalit miners are being dispossessed of their livelihoods through the mechanization of silica mining. Miners were also victims of workplace hazards, accidents, and ecological degradation. The dead labor of silica and the living laborers facing premature death from mining injustices will haunt India's low-carbon futures. Silica territorialities of India are a palimpsest, where precarity written in the sand is transposed by prefigurative politics that can author an emancipatory solar manifesto. Against the grains, exhumed miners of silica extraction for solar power will assume their place in the sun.
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Pub Date : 2024-06-05DOI: 10.1177/19427786241259435
I. Farahani
The special issue “Contesting VIP Urbanism” includes timely analytical interventions to contest an increasing tendency to luxury investments in many capitalist cities of the past decades. This essay raises some theoretical and empirical questions concerning the present state of globalization and neoliberalism as two defining characteristics of an era of the global capitalist economy in which both the tendency toward VIP-Urbanism and the approaches criticizing it arise. It aims to extend the discussion on contesting the tendency toward VIP-Urbanism by drawing attention to questions regarding the role of macroeconomic structural forces that enable or hinder urban governance. In response to the changing historical context, the essay proposes developing a multi-scalar and inter-sectoral framework, which also includes reintroducing the national level into urban geographic inquiry to contextualize micro dynamics of investments over individual land plots by individual investors.
{"title":"Capitalist urbanization in the post-neoliberal and de-globalizing world economy: A minor critical engagement with VIP-Urbanism literature","authors":"I. Farahani","doi":"10.1177/19427786241259435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19427786241259435","url":null,"abstract":"The special issue “Contesting VIP Urbanism” includes timely analytical interventions to contest an increasing tendency to luxury investments in many capitalist cities of the past decades. This essay raises some theoretical and empirical questions concerning the present state of globalization and neoliberalism as two defining characteristics of an era of the global capitalist economy in which both the tendency toward VIP-Urbanism and the approaches criticizing it arise. It aims to extend the discussion on contesting the tendency toward VIP-Urbanism by drawing attention to questions regarding the role of macroeconomic structural forces that enable or hinder urban governance. In response to the changing historical context, the essay proposes developing a multi-scalar and inter-sectoral framework, which also includes reintroducing the national level into urban geographic inquiry to contextualize micro dynamics of investments over individual land plots by individual investors.","PeriodicalId":507268,"journal":{"name":"Human Geography","volume":"70 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141382596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-05DOI: 10.1177/19427786241251723
Jean-Baptiste Frétigny, Marion Magnan, Juliette Maulat, Mathilde Pedro
Airport authorities are gradually shaping urban spaces through their property development: hotels, business parks, conference centers, etc. This article challenges these development strategies pursued by increasingly financialized and privatized airports in the name of “airport city” policies. It shows that the changes underway are a vivid expression of a VIP model of urbanism, in which the airport authority, maximizing its revenues and land value, naturalizes its emphasis on high-end real-estate projects, and trivializing their social reach. The analysis draws on the case of the Paris city region, characterized by land scarcity and housing issues, and its airport authority, Aéroports de Paris (ADP), one of the largest landowners in the region. Using documents from ADP, a press corpus, and interviews, we highlight how the distinctive geography at play in air terminals changes scale by being projected onto real-estate “diversification” projects, as ADP opts for urbanization centered around the upper fractions of the flying public. This market-led development leads to a form of elite capture that seeks to dwarf or endogenize other existing and potential uses and users of airport land. This article further deconstructs this urban model by shedding light on the multiple tensions it generates and pleads for a more critical debate on airport land uses and planning.
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Pub Date : 2024-04-24DOI: 10.1177/19427786241246229
Kathryn Zacharek
This article brings into question whether the Universitiy and College Union's current tactics employed for disputes against university management teams are fit for purpose. In a context in which the logic of neoliberalism dominates the Higher Education sector and the rights of workers to strike continue to be under threat, Universitiy and College Union needs to learn from the mistakes that have been made in the trade disputes of 2023, such as the national Marking and Assessment Boycott and strike action. This article does not seek to claim that Universitiy and College Union is no longer relevant. Instead, for Universitiy and College Union to move forward in a positive direction after a series of defeats, it needs to take stock of its ongoing internal issues regarding democratic accountability and transparency. Only when these are resolved can Universitiy and College Union be in a stronger position to negotiate better deals for its members.
本文对大学与学院联盟目前针对大学管理团队的争议所采用的策略是否符合目的提出了质疑。在新自由主义逻辑主导高等教育领域、工人罢工权利继续受到威胁的背景下，大学与学院联盟需要从 2023 年的贸易争端（如全国性的标记与评估抵制和罢工行动）中所犯的错误中吸取教训。这篇文章并不是要声称大学与学院联盟不再具有现实意义。相反，Universitiy and College Union 要想在一系列失败后朝着积极的方向前进，就需要总结其内部在民主问责和透明度方面一直存在的问题。只有解决了这些问题，Universitiy and College Union 才能更有底气为其成员谈判更好的协议。
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Pub Date : 2024-04-11DOI: 10.1177/19427786241245406
C. Devadoss
In this visual intervention, I demonstrate connections between Israel’s military occupation of the West Bank and rural Jamestown, Pennsylvania, USA, through 14 photos of surrounding landscapes. This intervention demonstrates how local geopolitical landscapes between two settler colonial nations perpetuate violence in the occupied Palestinian Territory (oPT), specifically through photos of “less-lethal munitions” in the West Bank and the site near the Pennsylvania manufacturer. While many scholars have demonstrated how US media and broader geopolitical discourses shape violence in everyday, intimate ways on bodies and people, this photo essay demonstrates how geopolitical violence and rhetoric manifest in everyday, local landscapes. Photos in this essay come from Aida Camp in the occupied West Bank outside of Bethlehem and rural Ohio and Pennsylvania, USA, on the route to where Combined Systems, Inc. manufactures rubber bullets, tear gas canisters, and other “less-lethal munitions and launching systems” deployed by the Israeli Security Force (ISF) in Aida.
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Pub Date : 2024-03-27DOI: 10.1177/19427786241240790
Zoi Christina Siamanta
The embodied multispecies injustices of the so-called renewable energy development foreground the vital need for radically different forms of forming renewable energy. However, very few specific alternative approaches have been proposed in literature, in line with a deficit of post-critical or post-humanist research on ‘renewable energy’ within, and outside, human geography. This paper concerns, delves deeper in, expands and refines an approach for post-capitalist renewable energy development published, called Community Renewable Energy Ecologies (CREE). It advances an ontological reframing of ‘renewable energy’, arguing that renewable energies need to be rethought as affective spatiotemporal relations between humans and the rest of the web of life that affirm and enable difference, autonomy and more flourishing socio-natural assemblages. Also, inspired by Deleuze and Guattari, it sketches rhizomatic renewable energy development for CREE, focusing in more detail on, amongst other things, relationships, alliances, the state's role, learning, scaling out and politics. Rhizomatic renewable energy development consists in a rhizome-like form of forming renewable energies and new socio-ecological arrangements, facilitating deterritorialization in existing socio-natural assemblages and their reterritorialization in new forms. It is constituted by three key features: rhizomatic alliances, minoritarian becomings and emancipatory experimental ethico-politics and rhizomatic learning. Community Renewable Energy Ecologies are re-envisioned as nomadic multiplicities involved in open and immanent post-capitalist experiments of rhizomatic renewable energy development able to nourish emancipation and broader socio-ecological transformation. Finally, the paper invites discussion and debate for imagining alternative renewable energy development futures beyond capitalism and how to facilitate them, in the spirit of ‘staying with the trouble’.
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Pub Date : 2024-03-22DOI: 10.1177/19427786241240397
K. Koski
This essay introduces a speculative “picnic methodology” emerging from site-specific performance art practice with a herd of reindeer. The practice expands from the justice-oriented picnic tradition and stages picnic as a space to envision nonhierarchical multispecies relationships. The picnic blanket is offered as a meeting place to appreciate more-than-human ways of being, thinking, and knowing, starting with our relative, the reindeer. The essay draws from the short film City Reindeer (2022), documenting the durational picnics in the wintery Arctic. The performance art practice forms here a contemplative and playful intervention to decenter the human and give the reindeer a voice, with an underlying commitment to promoting veganism.
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Pub Date : 2024-03-11DOI: 10.1177/19427786241237434
Anitra Nelson
Marx's interpretation of ‘praxis’ as a primary expression of what we are, of self-realisation and what we might achieve as social beings, frames his revolutionary thought. This article connects Marx's unique approach to certain forms of contemporary grassroots resistance and community-based postcapitalist responses to global heating and the totalitarianism of capital. In particular, his appreciation of humans as at one with nature supports a postcapitalist imaginary abolishing the contradiction between humans and more-than-human nature intrinsic to capitalist practices. By reference to critical theorists such as Jasper Bernes and autonomist Marxist authors Harry Cleaver and P.M. (Hans Widmer), the article identifies key principles of a nonmarket socialist form of postcapitalism, i.e. beyond both state and money. Work as waged labour under the rule of capitalists gives way to ecologically and socially constructive activities fulfilling collective sufficiency cogoverned and coproduced by all. Work is freed up as semi-voluntary activity, negotiated within a community mode of production where the product is both predetermined (co-planned) and, later, shared on the basis of satisfying basic needs. In contrast to strictly defined capitalist waged work, now standard across various geographies and cultures, the postcapitalist community mode of production proposed establishes convivial and ecologically appropriate work within local geographies of community sufficiency. Even as universal (global) principles typify the community mode of production, symbiotically respectful relations between humans and nature give rise to unique localised geographies of ecological diversity and pluralism.
马克思将 "实践 "解释为我们是什么、自我实现以及我们作为社会人可能实现的目标的主要表达方式，这为他的革命思想提供了框架。本文将马克思的独特方法与某些形式的当代草根抵抗和基于社区的后资本主义对全球升温和资本极权主义的回应联系起来。特别是，他对人与自然融为一体的赞赏支持了一种后资本主义的想象，这种想象消除了资本主义实践固有的人类与超越人类的自然之间的矛盾。文章参考了 Jasper Bernes 等批判理论家以及自主马克思主义作家 Harry Cleaver 和 P.M.（汉斯-维德默）的观点，确定了后资本主义非市场社会主义形式的主要原则，即超越国家和货币。资本家统治下的雇佣劳动让位于生态和社会建设性活动，以实现所有人共同管理和共同生产的集体自给自足。工作被解放出来，成为一种半自愿的活动，在社区生产模式下进行协商，产品既是预先确定的（共同规划的），也是后来在满足基本需求的基础上共享的。与严格定义的资本主义雇佣劳动（目前已成为不同地域和文化的标准）相比，所提出的后资本主义社区生产模式在社区自给自足的地方地域范围内建立了和谐的、生态适宜的工作。即使普遍（全球）原则是社区生产模式的典型特征，人与自然之间相互尊重的共生关系也产生了独特的生态多样性和多元化的地方地理格局。
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Pub Date : 2024-03-05DOI: 10.1177/19427786241235155
Xinachtli, Emese Ilyés
This collaborative autoethnographic article traces psychology's complicity in systems of oppression while highlighting pathways toward liberation. An expression and embodiment of radical solidarity, this article is the product of a research collaboration between an incarcerated justice advocate and a critical psychologist. Critical autoethnographic methods are leaned on to lift experiences of prison as an oppressive institution and illuminate forms of resistance. We strategically and deliberately co-created this methodological approach to joyfully render prison walls metaphorically porous, to seep through surveillance mechanisms (both within the prison and academia), and to build liberatory worlds through our words. Situating mass incarceration as an extension of colonial displacement and enslavement, we dialogically examine how psychology has upheld white supremacy through the illusion of objectivity and neutrality. Psychological concepts like critical consciousness and resilience are re-theorized to center embodied, collective struggles. Calling for psychology to move beyond apologies toward deep structural change and distributive justice, we advocate for centering the experience of those historically excluded in knowledge construction, resource allocation, and leadership. Imagining a psychology of love and solidarity, we urge dismantling oppressive institutions through pedagogies of radical solidarity. Our collaboration—across prison walls—models methodologies of mutual aid, conscientization, and power sharing to build a liberatory psychology.
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