Pub Date : 2024-04-05DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54568
Nadhiya Devi K, S. Sivasankar, M. Kumaresan, VA. Abhirami, K. Khanchana
A field experiment was carried out to study the effect of organic manures and foliar application of organics on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of Kalmegh at the Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University to find out the suitable organic inputs and foliar organics for better growth, yield and nutrient uptake of Kalmegh. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with twelve treatments and three replications comprising of a different combination (i) basal organics viz., Farm Yard Manure, Vermicompost and Pressmud (ii) foliar spray of organics viz., Panchagavya and Fish Amino Acid and untreated control. Among the twelve treatments, the plants which received Vermicompost at 5 t ha-1 + fish amino acid at 3% expressed higher values for the growth parameters viz., plant height (69.80 cm), number of branches plant-1 (25.13), number of leaves plant-1 (140.87). Physiological parameters viz., leaf area plant-1 (6.78), total dry matter production plant-1 (15.86 g plant-1). Yield parameters viz., fresh herbage yield plant-1 (42.74 g plant-1) and dry herbage yield plant-1 (14.24 g plant-1). Nutrient uptake viz., Nitrogen (38.97 Kg ha-1), Phosphorous (6.87 Kg ha-1) and Potassium (84.23 kg ha-1).
{"title":"Effect of Organic Manures and Foliar Application on Growth, Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata Nees.)","authors":"Nadhiya Devi K, S. Sivasankar, M. Kumaresan, VA. Abhirami, K. Khanchana","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54568","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was carried out to study the effect of organic manures and foliar application of organics on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of Kalmegh at the Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University to find out the suitable organic inputs and foliar organics for better growth, yield and nutrient uptake of Kalmegh. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with twelve treatments and three replications comprising of a different combination (i) basal organics viz., Farm Yard Manure, Vermicompost and Pressmud (ii) foliar spray of organics viz., Panchagavya and Fish Amino Acid and untreated control. Among the twelve treatments, the plants which received Vermicompost at 5 t ha-1 + fish amino acid at 3% expressed higher values for the growth parameters viz., plant height (69.80 cm), number of branches plant-1 (25.13), number of leaves plant-1 (140.87). Physiological parameters viz., leaf area plant-1 (6.78), total dry matter production plant-1 (15.86 g plant-1). Yield parameters viz., fresh herbage yield plant-1 (42.74 g plant-1) and dry herbage yield plant-1 (14.24 g plant-1). Nutrient uptake viz., Nitrogen (38.97 Kg ha-1), Phosphorous (6.87 Kg ha-1) and Potassium (84.23 kg ha-1).","PeriodicalId":507605,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140739462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-05DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54566
Venketesa Palanichamy N, Kalpana M, Karthiba L
Black gram (Vigna mungo L.) is widely used in Indian cuisine and one of the most significant pulses cultivated in India. Identification of plant diseases at their earlier stages is essential to take necessary plant protection measures to reduce yield loss to the farmers. Anthracnose and Powdery Mildew are the major diseases in black gram which causes significant yield losses to the farmers. In this research study, advanced disease detection machine learning models such as Multinomial Logistic Regression, Random Forest Classifier were employed to assist the farmers in detection of plant leaf diseases in blackgram at their early stages of growth. For this present study, Image data sets were collected from Thanjavur block, Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu. Results of the study showed that accuracy of Random Forest Classifier was higher with train accuracy 99.17% and test accuracy 97.00% when compared to the other machine learning methods for detection of plant leaf diseases in black gram, which aids in promotion of smart agriculture.
{"title":"Detection of Diseases in Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) Using Machine Learning Models: A Case Study","authors":"Venketesa Palanichamy N, Kalpana M, Karthiba L","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54566","url":null,"abstract":"Black gram (Vigna mungo L.) is widely used in Indian cuisine and one of the most significant pulses cultivated in India. Identification of plant diseases at their earlier stages is essential to take necessary plant protection measures to reduce yield loss to the farmers. Anthracnose and Powdery Mildew are the major diseases in black gram which causes significant yield losses to the farmers. In this research study, advanced disease detection machine learning models such as Multinomial Logistic Regression, Random Forest Classifier were employed to assist the farmers in detection of plant leaf diseases in blackgram at their early stages of growth. For this present study, Image data sets were collected from Thanjavur block, Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu. Results of the study showed that accuracy of Random Forest Classifier was higher with train accuracy 99.17% and test accuracy 97.00% when compared to the other machine learning methods for detection of plant leaf diseases in black gram, which aids in promotion of smart agriculture.","PeriodicalId":507605,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140738580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54560
Asante J.M., Amaglo N., Tandoh P.K
Leafy vegetables are known to contain high amounts of nutrients and phytochemicals which support growth and development in humans after consumption. Due to their high moisture content at stage of maturity, the rate of perishability is high. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of three drying techniques on the nutritional quality of three indigenous leafy vegetables. The experimental design was a 3x3 factorial arranged in Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The factors were; leafy vegetables at three levels (Amaranthus cruentus, Celosia argentea and Laportea aestuans) and drying methods at three levels (Solar, Oven and Freeze drying). Our results showed that A. cruentus significantly (p < 0.05) had the highest phosphorus (0.79 %), potassium (2.22 %) and magnesium (1.15 %) and C. argentea recorded the least concentrations (0.40, 1.26 and 0.61 %) respectively. The concentration of calcium was in ascending order of A. cruentus < C. argentea < L. aestuans with 2.04 < 2.28 < 3.03 % respectively. Iron and zinc contents were higher in C. argentea than A. cruentus and L. aestuans. Moreover, calcium content in freeze dried vegetables with exception of C. argentea increased as compared to Solar and Oven drying. Also, the concentration of phosphorus was in ascending order of C. argentea < L. aestuans < A. cruentus with 0.44 < 0.60 < 1.04 % respectively for freeze drying. It can therefore be concluded that the three indigenous leafy vegetables are good sources of nutrients and these three drying techniques are for the preservation of their nutrients as well as preventing postharvest losses.
{"title":"Effect of Different Drying Methods on the Mineral Composition of Three Indigenous Leafy Vegetables","authors":"Asante J.M., Amaglo N., Tandoh P.K","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54560","url":null,"abstract":"Leafy vegetables are known to contain high amounts of nutrients and phytochemicals which support growth and development in humans after consumption. Due to their high moisture content at stage of maturity, the rate of perishability is high. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of three drying techniques on the nutritional quality of three indigenous leafy vegetables. The experimental design was a 3x3 factorial arranged in Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The factors were; leafy vegetables at three levels (Amaranthus cruentus, Celosia argentea and Laportea aestuans) and drying methods at three levels (Solar, Oven and Freeze drying). Our results showed that A. cruentus significantly (p < 0.05) had the highest phosphorus (0.79 %), potassium (2.22 %) and magnesium (1.15 %) and C. argentea recorded the least concentrations (0.40, 1.26 and 0.61 %) respectively. The concentration of calcium was in ascending order of A. cruentus < C. argentea < L. aestuans with 2.04 < 2.28 < 3.03 % respectively. Iron and zinc contents were higher in C. argentea than A. cruentus and L. aestuans. Moreover, calcium content in freeze dried vegetables with exception of C. argentea increased as compared to Solar and Oven drying. Also, the concentration of phosphorus was in ascending order of C. argentea < L. aestuans < A. cruentus with 0.44 < 0.60 < 1.04 % respectively for freeze drying. It can therefore be concluded that the three indigenous leafy vegetables are good sources of nutrients and these three drying techniques are for the preservation of their nutrients as well as preventing postharvest losses.","PeriodicalId":507605,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54561
Ch. Sunitha, M. Madhavi, P. V. K. Reddy, P. Subbaramamma, K. Sasikala, V. Sekhar
An experiment was carried out to know the influence of biofertigation and crude edible oils application on growth, floral and fruit characteristics of papaya (Carica Papaya L.) cv. Red Lady was carried out at Department of Fruit Science, Dr. YSRHU-College of Horticulture, Venkataramanannagudem, West Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh during 2021-22 and 2022-23. The experiment was carried out in a Factorial RBD with three replications consisted of two factors viz., biofertilizers at three levels (B1: 5 ml each of NFB + PSB + KRB; B2: 2.5 ml each of NFB + PSB + KRB; B3: Without biofertilizer) and crude edible oil at five levels (C1: Ground nut oil @0.5%; C2: Castor oil @0.5%; C3: Mustard oil @0.5%; C4: Ground nut oil + Castor oil + Mustard oil @0.5%; C5: No crude oil spray) with fifteen treatment combinations. Among the treatments studied, the results revealed that the maximum plant height, stem girth, number of leaves per plant at 360 DAT were registered in the plants with biofertigation of 5 ml each of biofertilizers NFB + PSB + KRB (B1), spraying of crude edible oils viz., with ground nut oil + castor oil + mustard oil @0.5% (C4)] and their interaction i.e. plants applied with 5 ml each of biofertilizers NFB+ PSB + KRB along with ground nut oil + castor oil + mustard oil @0.5% (B1C4).
{"title":"Influence of Biofertigation and Crude Edible Oils Application on Growth Characteristics of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) cv. Red Lady","authors":"Ch. Sunitha, M. Madhavi, P. V. K. Reddy, P. Subbaramamma, K. Sasikala, V. Sekhar","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54561","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was carried out to know the influence of biofertigation and crude edible oils application on growth, floral and fruit characteristics of papaya (Carica Papaya L.) cv. Red Lady was carried out at Department of Fruit Science, Dr. YSRHU-College of Horticulture, Venkataramanannagudem, West Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh during 2021-22 and 2022-23. The experiment was carried out in a Factorial RBD with three replications consisted of two factors viz., biofertilizers at three levels (B1: 5 ml each of NFB + PSB + KRB; B2: 2.5 ml each of NFB + PSB + KRB; B3: Without biofertilizer) and crude edible oil at five levels (C1: Ground nut oil @0.5%; C2: Castor oil @0.5%; C3: Mustard oil @0.5%; C4: Ground nut oil + Castor oil + Mustard oil @0.5%; C5: No crude oil spray) with fifteen treatment combinations. Among the treatments studied, the results revealed that the maximum plant height, stem girth, number of leaves per plant at 360 DAT were registered in the plants with biofertigation of 5 ml each of biofertilizers NFB + PSB + KRB (B1), spraying of crude edible oils viz., with ground nut oil + castor oil + mustard oil @0.5% (C4)] and their interaction i.e. plants applied with 5 ml each of biofertilizers NFB+ PSB + KRB along with ground nut oil + castor oil + mustard oil @0.5% (B1C4).","PeriodicalId":507605,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54564
P. Subbaiah, K. A. Mrudhula, M. Kaledhonkar
A study was conducted to assess the soil properties, land use in salt affected areas of Prakasam district,Andhra Pradesh during 2021-22. A total of 240 soil samples in salt affected mandals were collected and were analysed for different physical, physico-chemical properties. The sandy clay loam texture is predominant (35.90%) followed by sandy loam (28.21%). pH2 of soil varied from 7.2-11.0, ECe ranged from 0.3-58.0 dSm-1 ESP ranged from 0.9-57.0, CEC ranged from 3.5-56.6 c mol (p+) kg-1. The problem soils namely saline, saline alkali and alkali are present under various land use. A total of 460 farmers in salt affected areas and 460 farmers in non salt affected areaswere studied for livelihood options. The farmers are diversifying the livelihoods by practicing dairy, sheep and goat farming, Agroforestry, backyard poultry, orchards, products (leaf, trunk, fruits)of trees for various other purposes like coal preparation, firewood by utilizing predominant native vegetation in salt affected soils to secure their income for sustaining livelihoods.
{"title":"Soil Properties and Land Use in Salt Affected Soils of Prakasam District, Andhra Pradesh, India P","authors":"P. Subbaiah, K. A. Mrudhula, M. Kaledhonkar","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54564","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted to assess the soil properties, land use in salt affected areas of Prakasam district,Andhra Pradesh during 2021-22. A total of 240 soil samples in salt affected mandals were collected and were analysed for different physical, physico-chemical properties. The sandy clay loam texture is predominant (35.90%) followed by sandy loam (28.21%). pH2 of soil varied from 7.2-11.0, ECe ranged from 0.3-58.0 dSm-1 ESP ranged from 0.9-57.0, CEC ranged from 3.5-56.6 c mol (p+) kg-1. The problem soils namely saline, saline alkali and alkali are present under various land use. A total of 460 farmers in salt affected areas and 460 farmers in non salt affected areaswere studied for livelihood options. The farmers are diversifying the livelihoods by practicing dairy, sheep and goat farming, Agroforestry, backyard poultry, orchards, products (leaf, trunk, fruits)of trees for various other purposes like coal preparation, firewood by utilizing predominant native vegetation in salt affected soils to secure their income for sustaining livelihoods.","PeriodicalId":507605,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140743215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54563
D. M., S. Tolanur
A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2015-16 at Mulmuthla village of Dharwad taluk in Dharwad district, Karnataka, India. Research conducted to study the effect of enriched FYM and vermicompost and nitrogen levels on yield and majornutrient uptake of maize (Zea mays L.) in a Vertisol. The split plot design with four replication and twelve treatment combinations. Application of nitrogen at 200 kg ha-1+ Zn+Fe enriched vermicompost at 2.5 t ha-1 was found superior in terms of grain yield (79.93 q ha-1), stover yield (88.77 q ha-1) and test weight (100 seeds) (39.67 g) over other treatments. Similarly, the highest NPK uptake (232.33, 48.73 and 175.59 kg ha-1) was recorded with the application of 200 kg N + Zn+Fe enriched vermicompost at 2.5 t ha-1. So the study of effect of different combinations of nutrients like nitrogen, enriched FYM, FYM, enriched vermicompost, vermicompost and their interactions over yielding ability of maize can help in developing a best source of nutrients for maize yield and uptake.
{"title":"Response of Maize (Zea mays L.) to Nitrogen Levels, Conventional and Enriched Organic Manures on Yield and Major Nutrient Uptake in a Vertisol","authors":"D. M., S. Tolanur","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54563","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2015-16 at Mulmuthla village of Dharwad taluk in Dharwad district, Karnataka, India. Research conducted to study the effect of enriched FYM and vermicompost and nitrogen levels on yield and majornutrient uptake of maize (Zea mays L.) in a Vertisol. The split plot design with four replication and twelve treatment combinations. Application of nitrogen at 200 kg ha-1+ Zn+Fe enriched vermicompost at 2.5 t ha-1 was found superior in terms of grain yield (79.93 q ha-1), stover yield (88.77 q ha-1) and test weight (100 seeds) (39.67 g) over other treatments. Similarly, the highest NPK uptake (232.33, 48.73 and 175.59 kg ha-1) was recorded with the application of 200 kg N + Zn+Fe enriched vermicompost at 2.5 t ha-1. So the study of effect of different combinations of nutrients like nitrogen, enriched FYM, FYM, enriched vermicompost, vermicompost and their interactions over yielding ability of maize can help in developing a best source of nutrients for maize yield and uptake.","PeriodicalId":507605,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140744158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54562
Kwaka, L.W, Chemayek, B, Wasukira, A, Owere, L, Parka, M, Tusiime, G
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Uganda is mainly produced in the highland areas of Kabale and Kisoro in south western and Bugisu and Sebei areas on the slopes of Mt. Elgon in the eastern part of the country. However, the yields have continuously reduced due to lack of suitable high yielding and disease resistant varieties. The purpose of this study was to identify high yielding disease resistant potato genotypes adapted to Mt. Elgon region. Eight CIP potato clones were evaluated alongside ten commonly grown Ugandan varieties in RCBD for two seasons at Buginyanya station, Bulambuli District. Results showed significant differences (P<0.05) in tuber size, tuber uniformity, marketable tuber yield and the total tuber yield among genotypes. Potato clones 392797.22 and 398208.29 produced significantly (P<0.001) higher tuber yield 44.8 t/ha and 39 t/ha respectively compared to the local check Cruza with 34.5 t/ha. rAUDPC for LB showed significant differences (P<0.001) among genotypes in both seasons. The most resistant genotypes were Kinigi and clone 399985.39 with rAUDPC of 0.0135 and 0.025 respectively whereas Bumbamagara (0.413) and 396036.201 (0.392) were the most susceptible. 396036.201(0.051) and Kinigi were the most resistant genotypes for bacterial wilt while Shangi (0.66) and Cruza (0.46) were the most susceptible to BW. Generally, genotypes 392797.22 and 398208.29 were the highest yielding and disease resistant hence recommended for release as commercial varieties.
{"title":"Determining Adaptability of Potato Genotypes in Mount Elgon Region of Uganda","authors":"Kwaka, L.W, Chemayek, B, Wasukira, A, Owere, L, Parka, M, Tusiime, G","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54562","url":null,"abstract":"Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Uganda is mainly produced in the highland areas of Kabale and Kisoro in south western and Bugisu and Sebei areas on the slopes of Mt. Elgon in the eastern part of the country. However, the yields have continuously reduced due to lack of suitable high yielding and disease resistant varieties. The purpose of this study was to identify high yielding disease resistant potato genotypes adapted to Mt. Elgon region. Eight CIP potato clones were evaluated alongside ten commonly grown Ugandan varieties in RCBD for two seasons at Buginyanya station, Bulambuli District. Results showed significant differences (P<0.05) in tuber size, tuber uniformity, marketable tuber yield and the total tuber yield among genotypes. Potato clones 392797.22 and 398208.29 produced significantly (P<0.001) higher tuber yield 44.8 t/ha and 39 t/ha respectively compared to the local check Cruza with 34.5 t/ha. rAUDPC for LB showed significant differences (P<0.001) among genotypes in both seasons. The most resistant genotypes were Kinigi and clone 399985.39 with rAUDPC of 0.0135 and 0.025 respectively whereas Bumbamagara (0.413) and 396036.201 (0.392) were the most susceptible. 396036.201(0.051) and Kinigi were the most resistant genotypes for bacterial wilt while Shangi (0.66) and Cruza (0.46) were the most susceptible to BW. Generally, genotypes 392797.22 and 398208.29 were the highest yielding and disease resistant hence recommended for release as commercial varieties.","PeriodicalId":507605,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140744826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54565
C. Ravali, G. Jayasree, K. S. Reddy, G. Pratibha, S. Triveni
Aim: An incubation experiment was conducted, which aimed to investigate NH4+ and NO3- release pattern and GHG emissions as influenced by paddy residue decomposition over 120 days. Study Design: Completely randomized block design. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Agrometerology laboratory, CRIDA, Hyderabad. The experiment was conducted between 2021-22. Methodology: Sampling was performed at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105 and 120 days after incubation (DAI). The treatments included control (T1), soil + N (T2), paddy residue + 100% RDN (Recommended dose of Nitrogen) - 33:33:33 (T3), paddy residue + 100% RDN - 43:23:33 (T4), paddy residue + 100% RDN - 43:33:23 (T5), paddy residue + 10% extra RDN - 43:23:33 (T6). Fertilizer N was applied in three splits (first at initiation of experiment, second and third at 30 and 60 DAI respectively). RDN used in the study was 240 kg ha-1 (i.e., maize). Results: Residue incorporation along with inorganic fertilizer significantly influenced NH4+ - N and NO3- - N, as well as GHG emissions. After addition of each split, there was an increase in NH4+ - N and NO3- - N contents. Significantly higher NH4+ - N and NO3- - N was recorded in T6, compared to other treatments. The cumulative CO2 and N2O emissions were significantly higher in paddy residue + 10 % extra RDN – 43:23:33 i.e., 296.63 µg C g-1 of soil and 1.81 µg N g-1 of soil respectively, while lowest (42.59 µg C g-1 of soil and 0.09 µg N g-1 of soil respectively) was observed in control.
研究设计：完全随机区组设计：完全随机区组设计：研究在海得拉巴 CRIDA 农业计量学实验室进行。实验时间为 2021-22 年：取样时间为孵化后 2、4、6、8、10、20、30、45、60、75、90、105 和 120 天（DAI）。处理包括对照（T1）、土壤+氮（T2）、水稻秸秆+100% RDN（氮的推荐剂量）-33:33:33（T3）、水稻秸秆+100% RDN-43:23:33（T4）、水稻秸秆+100% RDN-43:33:23（T5）、水稻秸秆+10% 额外 RDN-43:23:33（T6）。氮肥分三次施用（第一次在试验开始时，第二次和第三次分别在 30 和 60 DAI 时）。研究中使用的 RDN 为 240 千克/公顷（即玉米）：结果：在施用无机肥料的同时施用残留物对 NH4+ - N 和 NO3- - N 以及温室气体排放有显著影响。每种肥料混合施用后，NH4+ - N 和 NO3- - N 的含量都有所增加。与其他处理相比，T6 的 NH4+ - N 和 NO3- - N 含量明显更高。水稻秸秆 + 10 % 额外 RDN - 43:23:33 的累积 CO2 和 N2O 排放量明显较高，分别为 296.63 µg C g-1 土壤和 1.81 µg N g-1 土壤，而对照组最低（分别为 42.59 µg C g-1 土壤和 0.09 µg N g-1 土壤）。
{"title":"Impact of Paddy Straw Incorporation along with Different Fertilizer Doses on Mineral N Dynamics and GHG Emissions","authors":"C. Ravali, G. Jayasree, K. S. Reddy, G. Pratibha, S. Triveni","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54565","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: An incubation experiment was conducted, which aimed to investigate NH4+ and NO3- release pattern and GHG emissions as influenced by paddy residue decomposition over 120 days.\u0000Study Design: Completely randomized block design.\u0000Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Agrometerology laboratory, CRIDA, Hyderabad. The experiment was conducted between 2021-22.\u0000Methodology: Sampling was performed at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105 and 120 days after incubation (DAI). The treatments included control (T1), soil + N (T2), paddy residue + 100% RDN (Recommended dose of Nitrogen) - 33:33:33 (T3), paddy residue + 100% RDN - 43:23:33 (T4), paddy residue + 100% RDN - 43:33:23 (T5), paddy residue + 10% extra RDN - 43:23:33 (T6). Fertilizer N was applied in three splits (first at initiation of experiment, second and third at 30 and 60 DAI respectively). RDN used in the study was 240 kg ha-1 (i.e., maize).\u0000Results: Residue incorporation along with inorganic fertilizer significantly influenced NH4+ - N and NO3- - N, as well as GHG emissions. After addition of each split, there was an increase in NH4+ - N and NO3- - N contents. Significantly higher NH4+ - N and NO3- - N was recorded in T6, compared to other treatments. The cumulative CO2 and N2O emissions were significantly higher in paddy residue + 10 % extra RDN – 43:23:33 i.e., 296.63 µg C g-1 of soil and 1.81 µg N g-1 of soil respectively, while lowest (42.59 µg C g-1 of soil and 0.09 µg N g-1 of soil respectively) was observed in control.","PeriodicalId":507605,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140745423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-03DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54559
C. H. Raval, B. Satodiya, A. J. Patel, D. D. Parekh
An experiment was carried out to study the effect of organic sources of nutrients on yield, quality, soil fertility status and economics of onion (Allium cepa L.) at Horticulture Research Farm, College of Horticulture, AAU, Anand during the three consecutive years 2016-17, 2017-18 and 2018-19.The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications and ten treatments viz., T1:RDF 100:75:75 NPK kg ha-1 (control), T2:100 % N from FYM, T3:100 % N from Vermicompost, T4: 100 % N from Castor cake, T5:75 % N from FYM + NPK consortium 1 L ha-1, T6: 75% N from VC + NPK consortium 1 L ha-1, T7: 75% N from CC + NPK consortium 1 L ha-1, T8: 50% N from FYM + NPK consortium 1 L ha-1, T9:50% N from VC + NPK consortium 1 L ha-1, T10: 50% N from CC + NPK consortium 1 L ha-1. Soil application of 75% N from VC + NPK consortium 1 L ha-1 (T6) and 75 % N from FYM + NPK consortium 1 L ha-1 (T5) recorded significantly, higher bulb yield (467 and 417 q/ha) and also increase organic carbon as well as soil microbial population. Higher net return (₹445672 ) was observed in T6 whereas maximum BCR (5.96) recorded in T5.
在2016-17、2017-18和2018-19连续三年期间，在阿南德AAU园艺学院园艺研究农场进行了一项试验，研究有机养分来源对洋葱（Allium cepa L.）产量、质量、土壤肥力状况和经济效益的影响、T1:RDF 100:75:75 NPK kg ha-1（对照），T2:100 % N 来自FYM，T3:100 % N 来自蛭石堆肥，T4: 100 % N 来自蓖麻饼，T5:75 % N 来自FYM + NPK 复合肥 1 L ha-1，T6: 75 % N 来自 VC + NPK 复合肥 1 L ha-1，T7：75% 的氮来自 CC + NPK 复合肥 1 L ha-1，T8：50% 的氮来自 FYM + NPK 复合肥 1 L ha-1，T9：50% 的氮来自 VC + NPK 复合肥 1 L ha-1，T10：50% 的氮来自 CC + NPK 复合肥 1 L ha-1。土壤中施用 75% 的 VC + NPK 复合肥 1 L ha-1（T6）和 75% 的 FYM + NPK 复合肥 1 L ha-1（T5）会显著提高球茎产量（467 和 417 q/ha），并增加有机碳和土壤微生物数量。在 T6 中观察到了较高的净收益（₹445672），而在 T5 中记录到了最大的 BCR（5.96）。
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Pub Date : 2024-04-03DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54558
Indra Kumar Kasi, N. Charitha, Awanindra Kumar Tiwari, G. Gomadhi, Devendra K. Sahu, O. R. Devi, D. Katiyar, Saurabh Raj Pandey, Nadiya Afreen
The management of weeds remains a critical aspect of agricultural production, particularly in rainfed subtropical regions where weed pressure can significantly impact crop yield and economic returns. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of combined herbicide applications on both the yield and economic viability of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in subtropical rainfed agricultural systems. Field trials were conducted over two consecutive growing seasons, employing a randomized complete block design with four treatments: (1) pre-emergence application of herbicide A, (2) pre-emergence application of herbicide B, (3) combined pre-emergence application of herbicides A and B, and (4) control (no herbicide application). The study assessed various parameters including weed density, wheat yield, and economic returns. Results indicated that the combined pre-emergence application of herbicides A and B significantly reduced weed density compared to individual herbicide applications and the control, consequently enhancing wheat yield. Furthermore, economic analysis revealed that the combined herbicide treatment resulted in the highest economic returns compared to individual herbicide applications and the control, indicating its economic viability in rainfed wheat cultivation in subtropical regions. These findings underscore the importance of integrated weed management strategies, particularly the judicious use of combined herbicide applications, for optimizing wheat yield and economic sustainability in subtropical rainfed agriculture.
杂草管理仍然是农业生产的一个重要方面，尤其是在亚热带雨养地区，杂草压力会严重影响作物产量和经济收益。本研究旨在评估联合施用除草剂对亚热带雨养农业系统中小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）产量和经济效益的影响。田间试验在连续两个生长季节进行，采用随机完全区组设计，有四种处理方法：(1）萌芽前施用除草剂 A；（2）萌芽前施用除草剂 B；（3）萌芽前联合施用除草剂 A 和 B；（4）对照（不施用除草剂）。研究评估了各种参数，包括杂草密度、小麦产量和经济收益。结果表明，与单独施用除草剂和对照组相比，联合使用除草剂 A 和 B 能显著降低杂草密度，从而提高小麦产量。此外，经济分析表明，与单独施用除草剂和对照组相比，联合施用除草剂的经济收益最高，表明其在亚热带地区雨养小麦种植中的经济可行性。这些研究结果凸显了综合杂草管理策略的重要性，尤其是除草剂联合应用的合理使用，可优化亚热带雨养农业的小麦产量和经济可持续性。
{"title":"Enhancing Wheat Yield and Economic Viability in Subtropical Rainfed Agriculture through Combined Herbicide Application","authors":"Indra Kumar Kasi, N. Charitha, Awanindra Kumar Tiwari, G. Gomadhi, Devendra K. Sahu, O. R. Devi, D. Katiyar, Saurabh Raj Pandey, Nadiya Afreen","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i54558","url":null,"abstract":"The management of weeds remains a critical aspect of agricultural production, particularly in rainfed subtropical regions where weed pressure can significantly impact crop yield and economic returns. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of combined herbicide applications on both the yield and economic viability of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in subtropical rainfed agricultural systems. Field trials were conducted over two consecutive growing seasons, employing a randomized complete block design with four treatments: (1) pre-emergence application of herbicide A, (2) pre-emergence application of herbicide B, (3) combined pre-emergence application of herbicides A and B, and (4) control (no herbicide application). The study assessed various parameters including weed density, wheat yield, and economic returns. Results indicated that the combined pre-emergence application of herbicides A and B significantly reduced weed density compared to individual herbicide applications and the control, consequently enhancing wheat yield. Furthermore, economic analysis revealed that the combined herbicide treatment resulted in the highest economic returns compared to individual herbicide applications and the control, indicating its economic viability in rainfed wheat cultivation in subtropical regions. These findings underscore the importance of integrated weed management strategies, particularly the judicious use of combined herbicide applications, for optimizing wheat yield and economic sustainability in subtropical rainfed agriculture.","PeriodicalId":507605,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140747876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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