{"title":"Basicranial Anatomy of Leptictis haydeni Leidy, 1868 (Mammalia, Eutheria, Leptictidae)","authors":"J. Wible, Ornella C. Bertrand","doi":"10.2992/007.090.0101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2992/007.090.0101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50771,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Carnegie Museum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141667396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Identity of Some Neotropical Spilomelinae and Pyraustinae, and One Pterophoridae Species Described by Jan Sepp (Lepidoptera: Crambidae, Pterophoridae)","authors":"V. Becker","doi":"10.2992/007.088.0408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2992/007.088.0408","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50771,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Carnegie Museum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140455549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Moth Man: The Life and Legacy of John Edward Rawlins (1950–2021) Emeritus Curator of Insects at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History","authors":"James W. Fetzner, Robert L. Davidson","doi":"10.2992/007.088.0402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2992/007.088.0402","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50771,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Carnegie Museum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140455956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Trends in the Traits, Functions, and Affinities of Caterpillars (Lepidoptera) Associated with Goldenrod (Solidago altissima)","authors":"Richard B. Root, Carol C. Loeffler, J. E. Rawlins","doi":"10.2992/007.088.0404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2992/007.088.0404","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50771,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Carnegie Museum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140456376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Speciation, Hybridization, and Phylogeography of the Silk Moth Genus Hyalophora Duncan, 1841 (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)","authors":"Michael M. Collins, J. Fetzner, J. E. Rawlins","doi":"10.2992/007.088.0403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2992/007.088.0403","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50771,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Carnegie Museum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140455898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Spragueia of the Antilles and Two New Species (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Acontiinae)","authors":"J. Wilterding","doi":"10.2992/007.088.0406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2992/007.088.0406","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50771,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Carnegie Museum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140456146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Shrews (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae) reach the southern limit of their New World distribution in the Andes and eastern coastal highlands of northern South America. South of Honduras, the family is represented only by species of the genus Cryptotis Pomel, 1848. In South America, soricids are restricted to moist, high-elevation environments above 1000 m, and their distribution appears to be discontinuous. Study of specimens from a previous gap in the known geographical range of shrews in the Central Cordillera of southwestern Colombia reveals the presence of two unique populations that are distinguishable from each other and their congeners by a combination of morphological and morphometrical characters. They are described herein as, Cryptotis huttereri, n. sp. and Cryptotis andinus, n. sp. Both species are members of the Cryptotis thomasi group, one of five species groups of small-eared shrews defined partly on the basis of postcranial morphology and potential locomotor behavior. Although species in the C. thomasi group share similar postcranial architecture, as exemplified by the morphology of the forelimb, the group appears to be polyphyletic, implying convergence in locomotor behavior, possibly one uniquely adapted for Andean-type montane habitats. Recognition of C. huttereri and C. andinus brings the total number of known South American soricids to 19 species, with 11 species occurring in Colombia. Of those, seven species are endemic to that country.
{"title":"Two New Species of Small-Eared Shrews of the Genus Cryptotis Pomel, 1848, from the Colombian Andes (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae)","authors":"N. Woodman","doi":"10.2992/007.088.0303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2992/007.088.0303","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Shrews (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae) reach the southern limit of their New World distribution in the Andes and eastern coastal highlands of northern South America. South of Honduras, the family is represented only by species of the genus Cryptotis Pomel, 1848. In South America, soricids are restricted to moist, high-elevation environments above 1000 m, and their distribution appears to be discontinuous. Study of specimens from a previous gap in the known geographical range of shrews in the Central Cordillera of southwestern Colombia reveals the presence of two unique populations that are distinguishable from each other and their congeners by a combination of morphological and morphometrical characters. They are described herein as, Cryptotis huttereri, n. sp. and Cryptotis andinus, n. sp. Both species are members of the Cryptotis thomasi group, one of five species groups of small-eared shrews defined partly on the basis of postcranial morphology and potential locomotor behavior. Although species in the C. thomasi group share similar postcranial architecture, as exemplified by the morphology of the forelimb, the group appears to be polyphyletic, implying convergence in locomotor behavior, possibly one uniquely adapted for Andean-type montane habitats. Recognition of C. huttereri and C. andinus brings the total number of known South American soricids to 19 species, with 11 species occurring in Colombia. Of those, seven species are endemic to that country.","PeriodicalId":50771,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Carnegie Museum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139272609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT The Bromacker vertebrate fossil assemblage is strikingly unique compared to those of the highly fossiliferous, widespread Early Permian deposits of the USA in exhibiting: 1) total absence of aquatic and semi-terrestrial forms, 2) greatly reduced abundance and diversity of basal synapsids (“pelycosaurs”) that fulfilled the role of apex predators, and 3) high abundance and diversity of terrestrial herbivorous taxa. That is, the composition of the Bromacker vertebrate assemblage and the relative abundances of its taxa are difficult to reconcile with current knowledge of the well-documented examples of the Early Permian mixed aquatic-to-terrestrial trophic systems in the USA. The explanation given here for these unique paleobiological features is that the vertebrate assemblage reflects an adaptation to a rarely encountered paleoenvironment, the small, far inland, isolated, internally drained Tambach Basin. It is hypothesized that the Early Permian Bromacker assemblage is unique in representing an initial stage in the evolution of the modern terrestrial trophic system or food chain.
{"title":"Origin of the Modern Terrestrial Vertebrate Food Chain","authors":"D. Berman, A. Henrici, S. Sumida, Thomas Martens","doi":"10.2992/007.088.0302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2992/007.088.0302","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Bromacker vertebrate fossil assemblage is strikingly unique compared to those of the highly fossiliferous, widespread Early Permian deposits of the USA in exhibiting: 1) total absence of aquatic and semi-terrestrial forms, 2) greatly reduced abundance and diversity of basal synapsids (“pelycosaurs”) that fulfilled the role of apex predators, and 3) high abundance and diversity of terrestrial herbivorous taxa. That is, the composition of the Bromacker vertebrate assemblage and the relative abundances of its taxa are difficult to reconcile with current knowledge of the well-documented examples of the Early Permian mixed aquatic-to-terrestrial trophic systems in the USA. The explanation given here for these unique paleobiological features is that the vertebrate assemblage reflects an adaptation to a rarely encountered paleoenvironment, the small, far inland, isolated, internally drained Tambach Basin. It is hypothesized that the Early Permian Bromacker assemblage is unique in representing an initial stage in the evolution of the modern terrestrial trophic system or food chain.","PeriodicalId":50771,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Carnegie Museum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139274863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Henrici, D. Berman, S. Sumida, Adam K. Huttenlocker
ABSTRACT Halgaitosaurus gregarius is a new genus and species of araeoscelidian diapsid reptile based on numerous specimens from the Upper Carboniferous (Virgilian, Gzhelian) Birthday bonebed, Halgaito Formation, Valley of the Gods, Bears Ears National Monument, Utah, USA. An ontogenetic series is represented by juvenile to fully ossified adult specimens. halgaitosaurus gregarius is distinguished from other araeoscelidians by relative sizes of maxillary teeth, a small contribution of the jugal to the ventral margin of the skull, and eight cervical vertebrae. A phylogenetic analysis suggests that halgaitosaurus and Araeoscelis Williston, 1910, form a clade in a monophyletic Araeoscelidia, with Petrolacosaurus Lane, 1945, and Zarcasaurus Brinkman, Berman, and Eberth, 1984, forming successive sister taxa to this clade. Spinoaequalis deBraga and Reisz, 1995, places as a member of Neodiapsida. halgaitosaurus was an abundant component of the vertebrate fauna that inhabited the coastal plain on the southwestern border of the Paradox Basin in western Pangea during a relatively short period when intermittent to probable perennial streams and rivers traversed it during an otherwise semi-arid to arid climate.
ABSTRACT Halgaitosaurus gregarius is araeoscelidian diapsid reptile的一个新属和新种，其依据是来自美国犹他州熊耳国家纪念碑众神之谷哈尔盖托地层上石炭统（维吉尔统、格哲勒统）生日骨床的大量标本。哈尔盖特龙从幼年到完全骨化的成年标本代表了一个本生代系列。哈尔盖特龙与其他荒原龙的区别在于上颌牙齿的相对大小、颈骨对头骨腹缘的贡献较小以及八个颈椎。系统发生学分析表明，哈尔盖特龙和Araeoscelis Williston（威利斯顿，1910年）在单系Araeoscelidia中形成一个支系，Petrolacosaurus Lane（莱恩，1945年）和Zarcasaurus Brinkman, Berman, and Eberth（布林克曼，伯曼和埃伯斯，1984年）是这个支系的连续姐妹类群。在相对较短的时期内，当半干旱到干旱的气候条件下，间歇性到可能常年性的溪流和河流横穿泛大陆西部帕拉多克斯盆地西南边界的沿海平原时，哈尔盖特龙是脊椎动物群中的一个重要组成部分。
{"title":"Halgaitosaurus gregarius, a New Upper Carboniferous Araeoscelidian (Reptilia: Diapsida) from the Halgaito Formation, Bears Ears National Monument, Utah, USA","authors":"A. Henrici, D. Berman, S. Sumida, Adam K. Huttenlocker","doi":"10.2992/007.088.0301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2992/007.088.0301","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Halgaitosaurus gregarius is a new genus and species of araeoscelidian diapsid reptile based on numerous specimens from the Upper Carboniferous (Virgilian, Gzhelian) Birthday bonebed, Halgaito Formation, Valley of the Gods, Bears Ears National Monument, Utah, USA. An ontogenetic series is represented by juvenile to fully ossified adult specimens. halgaitosaurus gregarius is distinguished from other araeoscelidians by relative sizes of maxillary teeth, a small contribution of the jugal to the ventral margin of the skull, and eight cervical vertebrae. A phylogenetic analysis suggests that halgaitosaurus and Araeoscelis Williston, 1910, form a clade in a monophyletic Araeoscelidia, with Petrolacosaurus Lane, 1945, and Zarcasaurus Brinkman, Berman, and Eberth, 1984, forming successive sister taxa to this clade. Spinoaequalis deBraga and Reisz, 1995, places as a member of Neodiapsida. halgaitosaurus was an abundant component of the vertebrate fauna that inhabited the coastal plain on the southwestern border of the Paradox Basin in western Pangea during a relatively short period when intermittent to probable perennial streams and rivers traversed it during an otherwise semi-arid to arid climate.","PeriodicalId":50771,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Carnegie Museum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139271215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nyctitheres are a diverse Paleogene group of insectivorous mammals from Asia, North America, and Europe. Known mostly from their relatively unspecialized tribosphenic dentitions, various taxa currently placed in the family Nyctitheriidae have previously been considered to belong to such disparate extinct eutherian families as Leptictidae and Adapisoriculidae, and some have even been considered to be early bats. Here we describe a large collection of nyctitheres from the late Paleocene (early Clarkforkian) of Big Multi Quarry in Sweetwater County, Wyoming, USA, representing the most diverse faunal assemblage of nyctitheres currently known. Big Multi Quarry is unique among currently known Clarkforkian sites because of its excellent preservation of microvertebrates, including hundreds of specimens belonging to Eulipotyphla, Primatomorpha, Metatheria, and Multituberculata. The Big Multi fauna includes at least eight species of nyctitheres and preserves the earliest known occurrences of the genera Ceutholestes Rose and Gingerich, 1987, and Plagioctenoides Bown, 1979, as well as additional specimens belonging to the species Limaconyssus habrus Gingerich, 1987, and Wyonycteris chalix Gingerich, 1987. New species of nyctitheres from this fauna include: Ceutholestes acerbus, new species; Plagioctenoides cryptos, new species; Plagioctenodon dawsonae, new species; and Plagioctenodon goliath, new species. This large sample of nyctitheres enhances our knowledge of the anatomy of several poorly known taxa including those comprising the subfamily Placentidentinae, for which we provide an emended diagnosis.
食虫兽是一种来自亚洲、北美和欧洲的食虫哺乳动物。人们主要是从它们相对不特化的摩擦齿系而知道的，目前被归为Nyctitheriidae科的各种分类群，以前被认为属于不同的已灭绝的真兽科，如Leptictidae和Adapisoriculidae，有些甚至被认为是早期的蝙蝠。在这里，我们描述了来自美国怀俄明州斯威特沃特县大多采石场晚古新世(克拉克福克纪早期)的大量夜蛾，代表了目前已知的最多样化的夜蛾动物组合。Big Multi Quarry在目前已知的Clarkforkian遗址中是独一无二的，因为它保存了大量的微型脊椎动物，包括数百个属于真脊椎动物、原始动物、元脊椎动物和多结核动物的标本。大型多元动物群包括至少8种月牙虫，并保存了已知最早出现的Ceutholestes Rose和Gingerich属(1987)和Plagioctenoides Bown属(1979)，以及属于Limaconyssus habrus Gingerich(1987)和Wyonycteris chalix Gingerich(1987)的其他标本。本区系夜蛾属新种包括:刺蛾新种;隐花拟隐花，新种;斜齿鲨，新种;和斜齿鲨，新种。这个大样本的吸血虫增强了我们对几个鲜为人知的分类群的解剖学知识，包括那些包括胎盘亚科的分类群，为此我们提供了一个修订的诊断。
{"title":"Nyctitheriidae (Mammalia, ?Eulipotyphla) from the Late Paleocene of Big Multi Quarry, Southern Wyoming, and a Revision of the Subfamily Placentidentinae","authors":"Matthew F. Jones, K. Christopher Beard","doi":"10.2992/007.088.0202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2992/007.088.0202","url":null,"abstract":"Nyctitheres are a diverse Paleogene group of insectivorous mammals from Asia, North America, and Europe. Known mostly from their relatively unspecialized tribosphenic dentitions, various taxa currently placed in the family Nyctitheriidae have previously been considered to belong to such disparate extinct eutherian families as Leptictidae and Adapisoriculidae, and some have even been considered to be early bats. Here we describe a large collection of nyctitheres from the late Paleocene (early Clarkforkian) of Big Multi Quarry in Sweetwater County, Wyoming, USA, representing the most diverse faunal assemblage of nyctitheres currently known. Big Multi Quarry is unique among currently known Clarkforkian sites because of its excellent preservation of microvertebrates, including hundreds of specimens belonging to Eulipotyphla, Primatomorpha, Metatheria, and Multituberculata. The Big Multi fauna includes at least eight species of nyctitheres and preserves the earliest known occurrences of the genera Ceutholestes Rose and Gingerich, 1987, and Plagioctenoides Bown, 1979, as well as additional specimens belonging to the species Limaconyssus habrus Gingerich, 1987, and Wyonycteris chalix Gingerich, 1987. New species of nyctitheres from this fauna include: Ceutholestes acerbus, new species; Plagioctenoides cryptos, new species; Plagioctenodon dawsonae, new species; and Plagioctenodon goliath, new species. This large sample of nyctitheres enhances our knowledge of the anatomy of several poorly known taxa including those comprising the subfamily Placentidentinae, for which we provide an emended diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":50771,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Carnegie Museum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135084412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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