The Cook Ranch local fauna is from the Sage Creek Basin in southwestern Montana. Fossil mammals have been described from the Cook Ranch local fauna as early as the 1930s. The age has been identified as early Oligocene (late Orellan) based on the mammalian fauna. Twelve species of rodents are recognized herein from Cook Ranch. Two new species are described: an eomyid Metanoiamys woodi and a cricetid Wilsoneumys focarius. The aplodontiid Campestrallomys annectensKorth, 1989a, is referred as a new combination, Ninamys annectens (Vianey-Laud et al., 2013), and distinguished from North American species of CampestrallomysKorth, 1989a, based on dental characters (e.g., partial ectoloph on upper cheek teeth, morphology of hypolophid on lower cheek teeth). This is the first recognition of this genus in North America of this otherwise Eurasian genus. A neotype for the heliscomyid Heliscomys gregoryi is assigned, and it is demonstrated that the species is distinct from other species of the genus based on size and style and stylid development of the molars.The bulk of the species present are typical of other North American Orellan faunas but one species, Adjidaumo minimusMatthew, 1903, is elsewhere limited to the Chadronian (latest Eocene) and another species, Agnotocastor praetereadensStirton, 1935, is elsewhere limited to the Whitneyan (early middle Oligocene). These identifications extend the known ranges of both species.
{"title":"Rodents (Mammalia) from the Early Oligocene (Orellan) Cook Ranch Local Fauna of Southwestern Montana","authors":"W. Korth","doi":"10.2992/007.085.0303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2992/007.085.0303","url":null,"abstract":"The Cook Ranch local fauna is from the Sage Creek Basin in southwestern Montana. Fossil mammals have been described from the Cook Ranch local fauna as early as the 1930s. The age has been identified as early Oligocene (late Orellan) based on the mammalian fauna. Twelve species of rodents are recognized herein from Cook Ranch. Two new species are described: an eomyid Metanoiamys woodi and a cricetid Wilsoneumys focarius. The aplodontiid Campestrallomys annectensKorth, 1989a, is referred as a new combination, Ninamys annectens (Vianey-Laud et al., 2013), and distinguished from North American species of CampestrallomysKorth, 1989a, based on dental characters (e.g., partial ectoloph on upper cheek teeth, morphology of hypolophid on lower cheek teeth). This is the first recognition of this genus in North America of this otherwise Eurasian genus. A neotype for the heliscomyid Heliscomys gregoryi is assigned, and it is demonstrated that the species is distinct from other species of the genus based on size and style and stylid development of the molars.The bulk of the species present are typical of other North American Orellan faunas but one species, Adjidaumo minimusMatthew, 1903, is elsewhere limited to the Chadronian (latest Eocene) and another species, Agnotocastor praetereadensStirton, 1935, is elsewhere limited to the Whitneyan (early middle Oligocene). These identifications extend the known ranges of both species.","PeriodicalId":50771,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Carnegie Museum","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83978004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT We describe a cryptic new species of Norops Wagler, 1830, Norops caceresae, from mixed transitional and broadleaf cloud forest formations in the Lenca Highlands of southwestern Honduras. This population was previously considered conspecific with Norops crassulus (Cope, 1864) of Guatemala, El Salvador, and Mexico, despite it being entirely disjunct (> 100 km) from any of those populations. Recent molecular work revealed consistent, deep mitochondrial and nuclear distinctiveness between this population and all other anoles of the N. crassulus species group, prompting a thorough morphological investigation of this population. This new species is most similar in external morphology to N. crassulus sensu stricto, but is readily distinguished by molecular distinctiveness, distribution, and morphology.
{"title":"A Cryptic New Species of Anole (Squamata: Dactyloidae) from the Lenca Highlands of Honduras, Previously Referred to as Norops crassulus (Cope, 1864)","authors":"Erich P. Hofmann, Josiah H. Townsend","doi":"10.2992/007.085.0201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2992/007.085.0201","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We describe a cryptic new species of Norops Wagler, 1830, Norops caceresae, from mixed transitional and broadleaf cloud forest formations in the Lenca Highlands of southwestern Honduras. This population was previously considered conspecific with Norops crassulus (Cope, 1864) of Guatemala, El Salvador, and Mexico, despite it being entirely disjunct (> 100 km) from any of those populations. Recent molecular work revealed consistent, deep mitochondrial and nuclear distinctiveness between this population and all other anoles of the N. crassulus species group, prompting a thorough morphological investigation of this population. This new species is most similar in external morphology to N. crassulus sensu stricto, but is readily distinguished by molecular distinctiveness, distribution, and morphology.","PeriodicalId":50771,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Carnegie Museum","volume":"22 1","pages":"111 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87319624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT In non-mammalian amniotes, the parasphenoid is a midline dermal element with a narrow rostral portion, the cultriform process, linked to the interorbital septum and an expanded distal portion, the alae or wings, forming part of the ventral skull base. In mammals, the parasphenoid has not been found in extant monotremes and only a handful of reports of a reduced parasphenoid (a remnant of the cultriform process) have been made for extant marsupials and placentals. Most reports are in serially-sectioned perinatal specimens where the contrast between the intramembranous origin of the parasphenoid and the overlying endochondral basisphenoid facilitates delimiting the different elements forming the skull base. The only report of a parasphenoid remnant in adult marsupials is in the white-eared opossum, Didelphis albiventris, and it was published more than 100 years ago. Here, we report the results of a survey of 576 specimens of Didelphidae and 115 other Marsupialia in the extant collections of the Section of Mammals, Carnegie Museum of Natural History. We observed what we interpret as a parasphenoid remnant in some juveniles and adults from ten of the 27 didelphid species studied: Didelphis albiventris, Didelphis marsupialis, Didelphis virginiana, Marmosa murina, Monodelphis arlindoi, Monodelphis domestica, Philander opossum, Thylamys elegans, Thylamys pusilla, and Thylamys venustus. This element was variable in its presence within the collection, as well as in its size, form, and position. In our largest specific sample, the Virginia opossum, Didelphis virginiana, a parasphenoid was present in 55% of 238 specimens. It is uncertain if the variable occurrence reflects a true absence of the parasphenoid or its loss during specimen preparation. Outside of Didelphidae, we noted a substantial parasphenoid in the microbiothere Dromiciops gliroides, contributing to a midline septum that partially divides the nasopharynx into two channels, and a probable small one in the macropodid Thylogale sp. In extinct mammals and non-mammalian cynodonts, a midline mesocranial ridge interpreted by prior authors as composed of or including a parasphenoid has a wide distribution, supporting the presence of this structure as primitive for Mammalia. It is suggested here that the Miocene platypus Obdurodon has a well-developed parasphenoid further supporting the presence of a parasphenoid as a plesiomorphic feature for Mammalia that is independently lost in some therians and apparently in extant monotremes.
{"title":"The Mammalian Parasphenoid: Its Occurrence in Marsupials","authors":"J. Wible, Sarah L. Shelley, G. Rougier","doi":"10.2992/007.085.0202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2992/007.085.0202","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In non-mammalian amniotes, the parasphenoid is a midline dermal element with a narrow rostral portion, the cultriform process, linked to the interorbital septum and an expanded distal portion, the alae or wings, forming part of the ventral skull base. In mammals, the parasphenoid has not been found in extant monotremes and only a handful of reports of a reduced parasphenoid (a remnant of the cultriform process) have been made for extant marsupials and placentals. Most reports are in serially-sectioned perinatal specimens where the contrast between the intramembranous origin of the parasphenoid and the overlying endochondral basisphenoid facilitates delimiting the different elements forming the skull base. The only report of a parasphenoid remnant in adult marsupials is in the white-eared opossum, Didelphis albiventris, and it was published more than 100 years ago. Here, we report the results of a survey of 576 specimens of Didelphidae and 115 other Marsupialia in the extant collections of the Section of Mammals, Carnegie Museum of Natural History. We observed what we interpret as a parasphenoid remnant in some juveniles and adults from ten of the 27 didelphid species studied: Didelphis albiventris, Didelphis marsupialis, Didelphis virginiana, Marmosa murina, Monodelphis arlindoi, Monodelphis domestica, Philander opossum, Thylamys elegans, Thylamys pusilla, and Thylamys venustus. This element was variable in its presence within the collection, as well as in its size, form, and position. In our largest specific sample, the Virginia opossum, Didelphis virginiana, a parasphenoid was present in 55% of 238 specimens. It is uncertain if the variable occurrence reflects a true absence of the parasphenoid or its loss during specimen preparation. Outside of Didelphidae, we noted a substantial parasphenoid in the microbiothere Dromiciops gliroides, contributing to a midline septum that partially divides the nasopharynx into two channels, and a probable small one in the macropodid Thylogale sp. In extinct mammals and non-mammalian cynodonts, a midline mesocranial ridge interpreted by prior authors as composed of or including a parasphenoid has a wide distribution, supporting the presence of this structure as primitive for Mammalia. It is suggested here that the Miocene platypus Obdurodon has a well-developed parasphenoid further supporting the presence of a parasphenoid as a plesiomorphic feature for Mammalia that is independently lost in some therians and apparently in extant monotremes.","PeriodicalId":50771,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Carnegie Museum","volume":"15 1","pages":"113 - 164"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78252689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT The genus Druceiella Viette, 1949 (Lepidoptera, Exoporia, Hepialidae), is re-described for seven species. Monophyly of the genus is supported by four autapomorphies: 1) a posteriorly emarginated eighth tergite with extended right lobe in the male; 2) a white-edged cubital spot on the forewing; 3) white scales on cross-vein CuA1–CuA2 in the male forewing; and 4) cubital spot extending posteriorly from CuA2 but not reaching the anal vein or posterior wing margin. The previously named species Druceiella amazonensis Viette, 1950, Druceiella metellus (Druce, 1890), and Druceiella momus (Druce, 1890) are validated, and Druceiella basirubra (Schaus, 1901) is a new junior synonym of Druceiella metellus (Druce, 1890). Three new species are proposed: Druceiella beckeri, Druceiella hillmani, and Druceiella mielkei. The immediate sister group of Druceiella was not determined, but potential candidate taxa were identified as Pfitzneriana Viette, 1952, and ‘Phassus’ [incertae sedis] guianensis Schaus, 1940. The distribution of Druceiella species between Central America and southern Bolivia-Brazil is explained as the result of vicariance followed by subsequent dispersal and sympatry of some species.
{"title":"Taxonomic Revision and Vicariance Biogeography of the Central and South American Ghost Moth Genus Druceiella (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae)","authors":"J. Grehan, J. E. Rawlins","doi":"10.2992/007.085.0203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2992/007.085.0203","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The genus Druceiella Viette, 1949 (Lepidoptera, Exoporia, Hepialidae), is re-described for seven species. Monophyly of the genus is supported by four autapomorphies: 1) a posteriorly emarginated eighth tergite with extended right lobe in the male; 2) a white-edged cubital spot on the forewing; 3) white scales on cross-vein CuA1–CuA2 in the male forewing; and 4) cubital spot extending posteriorly from CuA2 but not reaching the anal vein or posterior wing margin. The previously named species Druceiella amazonensis Viette, 1950, Druceiella metellus (Druce, 1890), and Druceiella momus (Druce, 1890) are validated, and Druceiella basirubra (Schaus, 1901) is a new junior synonym of Druceiella metellus (Druce, 1890). Three new species are proposed: Druceiella beckeri, Druceiella hillmani, and Druceiella mielkei. The immediate sister group of Druceiella was not determined, but potential candidate taxa were identified as Pfitzneriana Viette, 1952, and ‘Phassus’ [incertae sedis] guianensis Schaus, 1940. The distribution of Druceiella species between Central America and southern Bolivia-Brazil is explained as the result of vicariance followed by subsequent dispersal and sympatry of some species.","PeriodicalId":50771,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Carnegie Museum","volume":"57 1","pages":"165 - 192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89747369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT The Gilmore City Formation of north-central Iowa represents an upward-shoaling sequence of carbonate rocks ranging from normal marine conditions in the lower portion of the section to prograding oolite shoals at the top. At most exposures, the formation contains an abundant and diverse fauna that has been used in several attempts to correlate the Gilmore City with the Mississippian type section. Results of biostratigraphic correlation indicate that the Gilmore City Formation spans the Kinderhook-Osage boundary, occupying a position that, in the Mississippian type section, is represented by an unconformity. Gilmore City fossils actually have closer affinities with Cordilleran faunas than with those of the Midcontinent.The gastropods constitute one of the most abundant and diverse faunal elements of the Gilmore City Formation, consisting of more than 75 species representing about 50 genera and subgenera. This first part deals only with the Bellerophontoidea and Euomphaloidea. Described and illustrated species include the bellerophontoideans Bellerophon (Bellerophon) panneus White, 1862, Bellerophon (Bellerophon) meeki? Koninck, 1883, Waagenella spergenensis (Gordon and Yochelson, 1983), Waagenella sp. cf. Waagenella spergenensis (Gordon and Yochelson, 1983), Waagenella sp. indet., Retispira sp. cf. Retispira exilis (Koninck, 1883), and Euphemites rollinsi, new species; and the euomphaloideans Euomphalus springvalensis White, 1877a, Euomphalus luxus White, 1877b, Euomphalus ammon White and Whitfield, 1862, Straparollus obtectus, new species, and Serpulospira paradoxus (Winchell, 1864).
{"title":"Gastropods of the Gilmore City Formation (Lower Mississippian) of North-Central Iowa: Part 1, Geology and Systematics of Bellerophontoidea and Euomphaloidea","authors":"J. Harper","doi":"10.2992/007.085.0104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2992/007.085.0104","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Gilmore City Formation of north-central Iowa represents an upward-shoaling sequence of carbonate rocks ranging from normal marine conditions in the lower portion of the section to prograding oolite shoals at the top. At most exposures, the formation contains an abundant and diverse fauna that has been used in several attempts to correlate the Gilmore City with the Mississippian type section. Results of biostratigraphic correlation indicate that the Gilmore City Formation spans the Kinderhook-Osage boundary, occupying a position that, in the Mississippian type section, is represented by an unconformity. Gilmore City fossils actually have closer affinities with Cordilleran faunas than with those of the Midcontinent.The gastropods constitute one of the most abundant and diverse faunal elements of the Gilmore City Formation, consisting of more than 75 species representing about 50 genera and subgenera. This first part deals only with the Bellerophontoidea and Euomphaloidea. Described and illustrated species include the bellerophontoideans Bellerophon (Bellerophon) panneus White, 1862, Bellerophon (Bellerophon) meeki? Koninck, 1883, Waagenella spergenensis (Gordon and Yochelson, 1983), Waagenella sp. cf. Waagenella spergenensis (Gordon and Yochelson, 1983), Waagenella sp. indet., Retispira sp. cf. Retispira exilis (Koninck, 1883), and Euphemites rollinsi, new species; and the euomphaloideans Euomphalus springvalensis White, 1877a, Euomphalus luxus White, 1877b, Euomphalus ammon White and Whitfield, 1862, Straparollus obtectus, new species, and Serpulospira paradoxus (Winchell, 1864).","PeriodicalId":50771,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Carnegie Museum","volume":"13 1","pages":"61 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2018-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81809975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT We document the rediscovery of Cylindera (Cylindera) nudata (W. Horn, 1915), a rarely collected tiger beetle species, from Durango, Mexico, nearly a century after its description in 1879. This rediscovery is based on a single female collected in 1972, and is only the second known specimen. Images of this specimen are provided, together with an English translation of the original German description and a review of its nomenclature. The unique female specimen is here designated as neotype for this species because it is the only extant specimen known. The holotype, the sole male and sole specimen in the original description, was destroyed during World War II. The neotype is deposited at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. The information presented here will assist tiger beetle taxonomists in recognizing this species should it ever be collected in the future in Durango, or from adjoining Mexican states.
{"title":"Rediscovery of Cylindera (Cylindera) uudata (W. Horn, 1915) (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelini) from Durango, Mexico: Systematics, Neotype Designation, and Recognition","authors":"R. E. Acciavatti, F. Purrington, John Stamatov","doi":"10.2992/007.085.0101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2992/007.085.0101","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We document the rediscovery of Cylindera (Cylindera) nudata (W. Horn, 1915), a rarely collected tiger beetle species, from Durango, Mexico, nearly a century after its description in 1879. This rediscovery is based on a single female collected in 1972, and is only the second known specimen. Images of this specimen are provided, together with an English translation of the original German description and a review of its nomenclature. The unique female specimen is here designated as neotype for this species because it is the only extant specimen known. The holotype, the sole male and sole specimen in the original description, was destroyed during World War II. The neotype is deposited at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. The information presented here will assist tiger beetle taxonomists in recognizing this species should it ever be collected in the future in Durango, or from adjoining Mexican states.","PeriodicalId":50771,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Carnegie Museum","volume":"126 1","pages":"1 - 4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2018-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75270314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT The Kishenehn Formation is a unit of sedimentary rocks exposed largely in the cutbanks of the Flathead River and its tributaries in and around Glacier National Park in northwestern Montana and adjacent British Columbia. From these rocks along the Flathead's Middle Fork, which range from very fine-grained oil shales to and including pebble-cobble conglomerates, vertebrate and molluscan faunas of middle Eocene age have been collected over nearly 40 years by a combination of prospecting, with access by raft, to screen washing sediment from the most fossiliferous exposures. The mammalian fauna from the formation includes at least twenty-six taxa, ranging in size from tiny rodents and insectivores to a very large brontothere. A radiometic date of ca. 46.2 Ma was obtained from below the fossiliferous deposits. The age of the fauna, presumably within one or two million years younger than the radiometric date, is reinforced by the presence of the Uintan index taxon Amynodon Marsh, 1877, as well as the co-occurrence of an eomyid rodent referred to Metanoiamys Chiment and Korth, 1996, and the sciuravid rodent Pauromys Troxell, 1923. The fauna has a scarcity of Carnivora, which may reflect the real faunal composition. It is striking for its total absence of selenodont artiodactyls. Whether the latter should be attributed to geologic age, which is presumably early after these animals developed in North America or Asia, or is environmentally significant, must remain conjectural. Somewhat widely distributed in the North American west, earlier Uintan and/or Shoshonean mammalian faunas remain difficult to correlate, due at least in part to distinctive endemism or environmental uniqueness. The fauna also has indications of interchange between North American and Asian components at that time. Of the twenty-six mammalian taxa recognized in the fauna, one is established as new, the rodent Microparamys solis, new species.
{"title":"Mammalian Fauna of the Middle Eocene Kishenehn Formation, Middle Fork of the Flathead River, Montana","authors":"M. Dawson, K. Constenius","doi":"10.2992/007.085.0103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2992/007.085.0103","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Kishenehn Formation is a unit of sedimentary rocks exposed largely in the cutbanks of the Flathead River and its tributaries in and around Glacier National Park in northwestern Montana and adjacent British Columbia. From these rocks along the Flathead's Middle Fork, which range from very fine-grained oil shales to and including pebble-cobble conglomerates, vertebrate and molluscan faunas of middle Eocene age have been collected over nearly 40 years by a combination of prospecting, with access by raft, to screen washing sediment from the most fossiliferous exposures. The mammalian fauna from the formation includes at least twenty-six taxa, ranging in size from tiny rodents and insectivores to a very large brontothere. A radiometic date of ca. 46.2 Ma was obtained from below the fossiliferous deposits. The age of the fauna, presumably within one or two million years younger than the radiometric date, is reinforced by the presence of the Uintan index taxon Amynodon Marsh, 1877, as well as the co-occurrence of an eomyid rodent referred to Metanoiamys Chiment and Korth, 1996, and the sciuravid rodent Pauromys Troxell, 1923. The fauna has a scarcity of Carnivora, which may reflect the real faunal composition. It is striking for its total absence of selenodont artiodactyls. Whether the latter should be attributed to geologic age, which is presumably early after these animals developed in North America or Asia, or is environmentally significant, must remain conjectural. Somewhat widely distributed in the North American west, earlier Uintan and/or Shoshonean mammalian faunas remain difficult to correlate, due at least in part to distinctive endemism or environmental uniqueness. The fauna also has indications of interchange between North American and Asian components at that time. Of the twenty-six mammalian taxa recognized in the fauna, one is established as new, the rodent Microparamys solis, new species.","PeriodicalId":50771,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Carnegie Museum","volume":"29 1","pages":"25 - 60"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2018-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89256099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT The egg, larval, and pupal stages of the plusiine moth Autographa pseudogamma (Grote, 1875) are discussed and illustrated based on a laboratory iso-female rearing of a wild moth collected near Big Sky, Montana, in mid-July 2016. Eggs, larval coloration and pattern, and pupae are very similar to those already known from close relatives in the genus Autographa Hübner, [1821]. DNA sequence data from the COI barcode region were used to generate a phylogenetic tree showing the position of A. pseudogamma amongst other North American members of the genus and to help confirm the identification of field-collected moths. Genetic analyses indicate that A. pseudogamma is most closely related to A. sansoni Dod, 1910, contrary to relationships previously generated based on morphology.
本文以2016年7月中旬在蒙大拿州Big Sky附近采集的一只野生蛾子为实验材料，对其卵、幼虫和蛹阶段进行了讨论和说明。卵、幼虫的颜色和图案以及蛹都与Autographa h bner属的近亲非常相似，[1821]。来自COI条形码区域的DNA序列数据被用来生成一个系统发育树，显示a . pseudogamma在其他北美成员中的位置，并有助于确认野外采集的飞蛾的身份。遗传分析表明，A. pseudogamma与A. sansoni Dod, 1910的亲缘关系最密切，这与之前基于形态学产生的关系相反。
{"title":"Notes on the Life History of the Delicate Silver Y, Autographa pseudogamma (Grote, 1875) (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea: Noctuidae: Plusiinae)","authors":"J. Fetzner, Jason J. Fetzner","doi":"10.2992/007.085.0102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2992/007.085.0102","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The egg, larval, and pupal stages of the plusiine moth Autographa pseudogamma (Grote, 1875) are discussed and illustrated based on a laboratory iso-female rearing of a wild moth collected near Big Sky, Montana, in mid-July 2016. Eggs, larval coloration and pattern, and pupae are very similar to those already known from close relatives in the genus Autographa Hübner, [1821]. DNA sequence data from the COI barcode region were used to generate a phylogenetic tree showing the position of A. pseudogamma amongst other North American members of the genus and to help confirm the identification of field-collected moths. Genetic analyses indicate that A. pseudogamma is most closely related to A. sansoni Dod, 1910, contrary to relationships previously generated based on morphology.","PeriodicalId":50771,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Carnegie Museum","volume":"31 1","pages":"23 - 5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2018-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82845137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT The composition of the basicranial axis has been reported in the comparative literature in numerous extant and extinct mammals. The primary components are unpaired endochondral bones: the ethmoid, presphenoid, basisphenoid, and basioccipital. Ventral to these are several dermal elements: included are the unpaired vomer, which is widely present, and three bones with more limited distributions, the paired palatines, the paired pterygoids, and the unpaired parasphenoid. Here, we describe novel dermal structures on the dorsal aspect of the basicranial axis in the rock hyrax, Procavia capensis. This taxon has a medial process of the paired frontal bones that meets on the midline and overlies the presphenoid at its juncture with the ethmoid; we term this the presphenoid process of the frontal. Ventral to the presphenoid process is a second smaller process that is off the midline and presents a facet contacting a boss on the presphenoid; we term this the presphenoid facet of the frontal. Occupying the notch between these two structures is the ethmoidal nerve. We sampled the taxonomically diverse collections of the Section of Mammals, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, and the literature. We found additional instances of interfrontal contact dorsal to the ethmoid and presphenoid in the artiodactyl Neotragus and in various platyrrhine and catarrhine primates resembling the presphenoid process of the frontal of P. capensis. However, we did not find a presphenoid facet of the frontal in Neotragus and the primates, which, therefore, thus far is unique to P. capensis. Additionally, we report the presence of a midline suture on the ventral surface of the presphenoid of neonatal P. capensis, which, to our knowledge, is also unique to this mammal.
{"title":"The Basicranial Axis in the Rock Hyrax, Procavia capensis (Pallas, 1766) (Mammalia, Afrotheria, Hyracoidea): Novel Structure of the Frontal Bone","authors":"J. Wible, Abagael R West","doi":"10.2992/007.084.0403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2992/007.084.0403","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The composition of the basicranial axis has been reported in the comparative literature in numerous extant and extinct mammals. The primary components are unpaired endochondral bones: the ethmoid, presphenoid, basisphenoid, and basioccipital. Ventral to these are several dermal elements: included are the unpaired vomer, which is widely present, and three bones with more limited distributions, the paired palatines, the paired pterygoids, and the unpaired parasphenoid. Here, we describe novel dermal structures on the dorsal aspect of the basicranial axis in the rock hyrax, Procavia capensis. This taxon has a medial process of the paired frontal bones that meets on the midline and overlies the presphenoid at its juncture with the ethmoid; we term this the presphenoid process of the frontal. Ventral to the presphenoid process is a second smaller process that is off the midline and presents a facet contacting a boss on the presphenoid; we term this the presphenoid facet of the frontal. Occupying the notch between these two structures is the ethmoidal nerve. We sampled the taxonomically diverse collections of the Section of Mammals, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, and the literature. We found additional instances of interfrontal contact dorsal to the ethmoid and presphenoid in the artiodactyl Neotragus and in various platyrrhine and catarrhine primates resembling the presphenoid process of the frontal of P. capensis. However, we did not find a presphenoid facet of the frontal in Neotragus and the primates, which, therefore, thus far is unique to P. capensis. Additionally, we report the presence of a midline suture on the ventral surface of the presphenoid of neonatal P. capensis, which, to our knowledge, is also unique to this mammal.","PeriodicalId":50771,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Carnegie Museum","volume":"59 1","pages":"287 - 300"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2017-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84283115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Eleven species of rodents are described from the Diamond O Ranch local fauna from the Beaverhead Basin, southwestern Montana. Of the species recognized, seven have been previously reported from the Chadronian of Montana or adjacent Wyoming and Saskatchewan or Texas: Ardynomys occidentalis Burke, 1936; Pseudocylindrodon sp., cf. Pseudocylindrodon neglectus Burke, 1935; Eutypomys parvus Lamb, 1908; Adjidaumo minimus (Matthew, 1903); Paradjidaumo disjunctus Korth, 2013; Paradjidaumo nanus Emry and Korth, 2013; and Aulolithomys vexilliames Korth and Emry, 1997. Isolated molars of two different indeterminate species of Ischyromys Leidy, 1856, are also recognized. Two new species are described: the ischyromyine Spurimus hoffmani and the eomyid Metanoiamys norejkoi. Both these species represent the latest occurrence of these genera, which are elsewhere limited to the earlier Eocene. The rodents from Diamond O Ranch suggest an early Chadronian age for the fauna; however, other components of the fauna make this age determination uncertain (Tabrum et al. 1996:295; Fostowicz-Frelik and Tabrum 2009).
摘要:研究了蒙大拿州西南部比弗黑德盆地Diamond O Ranch地区的11种啮齿动物。在已确认的物种中，有7种以前在蒙大拿州或邻近的怀俄明州和萨斯喀彻温省或德克萨斯州的乍得罗尼亚报道过:Ardynomys occidentalis Burke, 1936;pseudoylindrodon sp.，参见pseudoylindrodon neglect Burke, 1935;羊羔，1908;最小值(Matthew, 1903);Paradjidaumo disjunctus north, 2013;parjidaumo nanus Emry and Korth, 2013;和auulolithomys vexilliames Korth and Emry, 1997。两个不同的不确定种Ischyromys Leidy, 1856，分离的磨牙也被确认。描述了两种新种:缺色虫(Spurimus hoffmani)和原形虫(Metanoiamys norejkoi)。这两个物种都代表了这些属的最新出现，而这些属在其他地方仅限于始新世早期。钻石O牧场的啮齿动物表明该动物群生活在早第三纪;然而，动物群的其他组成部分使这种年龄测定不确定(Tabrum et al. 1996:295;Fostowicz-Frelik and Tabrum 2009)。
{"title":"Rodents (Mammalia) from Diamond O Ranch Local Fauna, Southwestern Montana","authors":"W. Korth, Alan R. Tabrum","doi":"10.2992/007.084.0404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2992/007.084.0404","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Eleven species of rodents are described from the Diamond O Ranch local fauna from the Beaverhead Basin, southwestern Montana. Of the species recognized, seven have been previously reported from the Chadronian of Montana or adjacent Wyoming and Saskatchewan or Texas: Ardynomys occidentalis Burke, 1936; Pseudocylindrodon sp., cf. Pseudocylindrodon neglectus Burke, 1935; Eutypomys parvus Lamb, 1908; Adjidaumo minimus (Matthew, 1903); Paradjidaumo disjunctus Korth, 2013; Paradjidaumo nanus Emry and Korth, 2013; and Aulolithomys vexilliames Korth and Emry, 1997. Isolated molars of two different indeterminate species of Ischyromys Leidy, 1856, are also recognized. Two new species are described: the ischyromyine Spurimus hoffmani and the eomyid Metanoiamys norejkoi. Both these species represent the latest occurrence of these genera, which are elsewhere limited to the earlier Eocene. The rodents from Diamond O Ranch suggest an early Chadronian age for the fauna; however, other components of the fauna make this age determination uncertain (Tabrum et al. 1996:295; Fostowicz-Frelik and Tabrum 2009).","PeriodicalId":50771,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Carnegie Museum","volume":"72 1","pages":"301 - 318"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2017-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86284551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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