Ahmad Hasan Khan Alizai, Dr. Yasir Ahmad, Dr. Fawad Ahmad, Dr. Tahira Afzal Khan, Dr. Muhammad Saad, Rabia Faheem
Background: Retinal vein occlusion (RVO), including branch (BRVO) and central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), can lead to vision loss and optic nerve damage. Understanding changes in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness in affected and fellow eyes is crucial for managing these conditions. Objective: This study evaluated longitudinal changes in pRNFL thickness in eyes with BRVO and CRVO, and their fellow eyes, compared with normal controls. Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, 68 patients with newly diagnosed unilateral RVO (42 BRVO, 26 CRVO) and 45 controls were included. pRNFL thickness was measured at baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in six sectors. Baseline characteristics like age, gender, hypertension, and diabetes were recorded. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 23.0, with one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s chi-square test, paired t-tests, and repeated-measures ANOVA. Results: At baseline, BRVO-affected eyes had a global pRNFL thickness of 119.15 ± 17.71 μm, higher than fellow eyes at 104.52 ± 10.46 μm (p < 0.001). CRVO-affected eyes had a baseline pRNFL of 136.04 ± 36.33 μm, compared to 99.93 ± 13.59 μm in fellow eyes (p < 0.001). At 24 months, only the temporal sector in CRVO eyes showed significant pRNFL differences. Global pRNFL thickness in fellow eyes of both BRVO and CRVO groups decreased significantly at 24 months, with no significant change in the control group. Fellow eyes of the CRVO group had significantly lower pRNFL thickness at 12 and 24 months compared to BRVO and control groups. Conclusion: Both BRVO and CRVO affect pRNFL thickness in fellow eyes, with CRVO showing more susceptibility to damage. This suggests a shared vascular abnormality between RVO and glaucoma, highlighting the importance of careful pRNFL monitoring, particularly in CRVO patients.
{"title":"Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Patients with Unilateral Retinal Vein Occlusion","authors":"Ahmad Hasan Khan Alizai, Dr. Yasir Ahmad, Dr. Fawad Ahmad, Dr. Tahira Afzal Khan, Dr. Muhammad Saad, Rabia Faheem","doi":"10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1248","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Retinal vein occlusion (RVO), including branch (BRVO) and central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), can lead to vision loss and optic nerve damage. Understanding changes in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness in affected and fellow eyes is crucial for managing these conditions.\u0000Objective: This study evaluated longitudinal changes in pRNFL thickness in eyes with BRVO and CRVO, and their fellow eyes, compared with normal controls.\u0000Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, 68 patients with newly diagnosed unilateral RVO (42 BRVO, 26 CRVO) and 45 controls were included. pRNFL thickness was measured at baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in six sectors. Baseline characteristics like age, gender, hypertension, and diabetes were recorded. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 23.0, with one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s chi-square test, paired t-tests, and repeated-measures ANOVA.\u0000Results: At baseline, BRVO-affected eyes had a global pRNFL thickness of 119.15 ± 17.71 μm, higher than fellow eyes at 104.52 ± 10.46 μm (p < 0.001). CRVO-affected eyes had a baseline pRNFL of 136.04 ± 36.33 μm, compared to 99.93 ± 13.59 μm in fellow eyes (p < 0.001). At 24 months, only the temporal sector in CRVO eyes showed significant pRNFL differences. Global pRNFL thickness in fellow eyes of both BRVO and CRVO groups decreased significantly at 24 months, with no significant change in the control group. Fellow eyes of the CRVO group had significantly lower pRNFL thickness at 12 and 24 months compared to BRVO and control groups.\u0000Conclusion: Both BRVO and CRVO affect pRNFL thickness in fellow eyes, with CRVO showing more susceptibility to damage. This suggests a shared vascular abnormality between RVO and glaucoma, highlighting the importance of careful pRNFL monitoring, particularly in CRVO patients.","PeriodicalId":507812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141926113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The left anterior descending (LAD) artery is a critical vessel supplying a significant portion of the heart muscle. Lesions in the proximal LAD are associated with extensive myocardial infarctions and adverse cardiovascular events. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DES) has become the standard treatment for LAD lesions, offering improved patency rates and reduced restenosis. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of PCI in Pakistani patients with proximal LAD lesions, focusing on the incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) over a 12-month follow-up period. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, from January 2022 to December 2023. The study included 250 adult patients diagnosed with significant proximal LAD stenosis and undergoing PCI. Patients with chronic kidney disease (stage 4 or higher), severe left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction <30%), and those unable to provide informed consent were excluded. PCI procedures were performed using DES, and patients received dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) for at least 12 months post-PCI. Data were collected during hospital stays and follow-up visits at 1, 6, and 12 months post-PCI. The primary outcome was MACE, including all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), and target vessel revascularization (TVR). Secondary outcomes included stent thrombosis, bleeding complications, and quality of life assessed using the EQ-5D questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0, with Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Results: The study found that 10% of patients experienced MACE, including 4% all-cause mortality, 3.2% MI, and 2.8% TVR. Stent thrombosis occurred in 2% of patients, and bleeding complications were reported in 4.8%. Quality of life improved significantly, with the EQ-5D index increasing from 0.68 ± 0.15 at baseline to 0.82 ± 0.13 at the 12-month follow-up (p < 0.001). Age and history of previous MI were identified as independent predictors of MACE. Conclusion: PCI with DES significantly improves long-term outcomes and quality of life in Pakistani patients with proximal LAD lesions. These findings underscore the need for advanced interventional techniques and vigilant post-PCI monitoring to enhance patient outcomes.
{"title":"Impact of Proximal LAD Lesions on Long-term PCI Outcomes in Pakistani Patients","authors":"Tariq Shah, Salman khan, Syed Muzammil Shah","doi":"10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1292","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The left anterior descending (LAD) artery is a critical vessel supplying a significant portion of the heart muscle. Lesions in the proximal LAD are associated with extensive myocardial infarctions and adverse cardiovascular events. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DES) has become the standard treatment for LAD lesions, offering improved patency rates and reduced restenosis.\u0000Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of PCI in Pakistani patients with proximal LAD lesions, focusing on the incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) over a 12-month follow-up period.\u0000Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, from January 2022 to December 2023. The study included 250 adult patients diagnosed with significant proximal LAD stenosis and undergoing PCI. Patients with chronic kidney disease (stage 4 or higher), severe left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction <30%), and those unable to provide informed consent were excluded. PCI procedures were performed using DES, and patients received dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) for at least 12 months post-PCI. Data were collected during hospital stays and follow-up visits at 1, 6, and 12 months post-PCI. The primary outcome was MACE, including all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), and target vessel revascularization (TVR). Secondary outcomes included stent thrombosis, bleeding complications, and quality of life assessed using the EQ-5D questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0, with Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.\u0000Results: The study found that 10% of patients experienced MACE, including 4% all-cause mortality, 3.2% MI, and 2.8% TVR. Stent thrombosis occurred in 2% of patients, and bleeding complications were reported in 4.8%. Quality of life improved significantly, with the EQ-5D index increasing from 0.68 ± 0.15 at baseline to 0.82 ± 0.13 at the 12-month follow-up (p < 0.001). Age and history of previous MI were identified as independent predictors of MACE.\u0000Conclusion: PCI with DES significantly improves long-term outcomes and quality of life in Pakistani patients with proximal LAD lesions. These findings underscore the need for advanced interventional techniques and vigilant post-PCI monitoring to enhance patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":507812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141927367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a group of permanent disorders arising from non-progressive brain development disruptions during the fetal or infant stages, affecting movement, posture, and various physiological and cognitive functions, including blood parameters, cognition, communication, hearing, metabolism, oral health, sensation, speech, swallowing, and vision. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of Negative Air Ions (NAIs) on hematological and hormonal parameters in CP patients, evaluating NAIs as a potential therapeutic intervention. Methods: Conducted over two months in 2021 at a specialized rehabilitation center in Karachi, Pakistan, the study involved 31 structured NAI exposure sessions over six weeks. Participants were randomly divided into control and intervention groups, with the latter exposed to 10,000 NAIs/cm³ for 40 minutes, three times per week. Hematological assessments, including complete blood count (CBC) and differential analysis, were performed using automated and manual methods. Serum cortisol levels were measured for hormonal assessment. Statistical analysis utilized paired t-tests for within-group comparisons using SPSS version 25. Results: Both groups showed normal parameters at baseline. The control group had significant increases in hemoglobin (p<0.05), MCV (p<0.05), MCH (p<0.05), and PCV (p<0.01) and decreased platelet count (p<0.01). The intervention group exhibited reductions in leukocyte and platelet counts (p<0.05). No significant changes were observed in cortisol levels. Conclusion: NAI therapy is safe with no adverse hematological or hormonal effects, suggesting its potential as a progressive, non-pharmacological, and cost-effective therapy for CP patients.
{"title":"Impact of Negative Air Ions on Hematological and Hormonal Parameters in Cerebral Palsy","authors":"Ammara Rafique","doi":"10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1222","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a group of permanent disorders arising from non-progressive brain development disruptions during the fetal or infant stages, affecting movement, posture, and various physiological and cognitive functions, including blood parameters, cognition, communication, hearing, metabolism, oral health, sensation, speech, swallowing, and vision.\u0000Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of Negative Air Ions (NAIs) on hematological and hormonal parameters in CP patients, evaluating NAIs as a potential therapeutic intervention.\u0000Methods: Conducted over two months in 2021 at a specialized rehabilitation center in Karachi, Pakistan, the study involved 31 structured NAI exposure sessions over six weeks. Participants were randomly divided into control and intervention groups, with the latter exposed to 10,000 NAIs/cm³ for 40 minutes, three times per week. Hematological assessments, including complete blood count (CBC) and differential analysis, were performed using automated and manual methods. Serum cortisol levels were measured for hormonal assessment. Statistical analysis utilized paired t-tests for within-group comparisons using SPSS version 25.\u0000Results: Both groups showed normal parameters at baseline. The control group had significant increases in hemoglobin (p<0.05), MCV (p<0.05), MCH (p<0.05), and PCV (p<0.01) and decreased platelet count (p<0.01). The intervention group exhibited reductions in leukocyte and platelet counts (p<0.05). No significant changes were observed in cortisol levels.\u0000Conclusion: NAI therapy is safe with no adverse hematological or hormonal effects, suggesting its potential as a progressive, non-pharmacological, and cost-effective therapy for CP patients.","PeriodicalId":507812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141926247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tufail Ahmad, Umair Arshad, Abdullah Shahjehan, Muhammad Ishaq, Abdul Wajid
Background: Healthcare waste, both biologic and non-biologic, poses environmental and public health risks if improperly managed. Developing countries like Pakistan often lack effective waste management systems, leading to potential hazards. Objective: This study assessed the effectiveness of hospital waste management practices in tertiary care hospitals and primary health centers in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan, identifying strengths and weaknesses. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from August to December 2023, with 384 participants involved in waste management from various healthcare roles. Data were collected via interviews, observations, and questionnaires on demographics, knowledge, training, PPE use, and disposal methods. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 25. Results: Of the 384 participants, 72.49% were male, with a mean age of 35-40 years. Awareness of waste management practices was high among doctors (96.9%) and paramedics (93.4%). However, PPE usage was low, with only 36.9% consistently using face masks, 31.8% using aprons, and 28.4% using gloves. Most facilities had designated central storage (93.2%) and staff for disposal (96.6%). Incineration was available in 89.6% of facilities but faced operational issues. Conclusion: While awareness of waste management is high, gaps exist in PPE usage and reliance on incineration. Improving training, developing alternative waste treatment methods, and implementing a national policy are recommended to enhance waste management practices in Pakistan.
{"title":"Assessing the Effectiveness of Hospital Waste Management Practices Among Tertiary Care Hospitals and Primary Health Centres in KPK: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Tufail Ahmad, Umair Arshad, Abdullah Shahjehan, Muhammad Ishaq, Abdul Wajid","doi":"10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1235","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Healthcare waste, both biologic and non-biologic, poses environmental and public health risks if improperly managed. Developing countries like Pakistan often lack effective waste management systems, leading to potential hazards.\u0000Objective: This study assessed the effectiveness of hospital waste management practices in tertiary care hospitals and primary health centers in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan, identifying strengths and weaknesses.\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from August to December 2023, with 384 participants involved in waste management from various healthcare roles. Data were collected via interviews, observations, and questionnaires on demographics, knowledge, training, PPE use, and disposal methods. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 25.\u0000Results: Of the 384 participants, 72.49% were male, with a mean age of 35-40 years. Awareness of waste management practices was high among doctors (96.9%) and paramedics (93.4%). However, PPE usage was low, with only 36.9% consistently using face masks, 31.8% using aprons, and 28.4% using gloves. Most facilities had designated central storage (93.2%) and staff for disposal (96.6%). Incineration was available in 89.6% of facilities but faced operational issues.\u0000Conclusion: While awareness of waste management is high, gaps exist in PPE usage and reliance on incineration. Improving training, developing alternative waste treatment methods, and implementing a national policy are recommended to enhance waste management practices in Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":507812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141929303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Facet joint syndrome is a prevalent cause of low back pain (LBP), contributing significantly to disability and economic impact. The incidence of lumbar facet joint pain ranges from 7.7% to 75% among LBP patients, highlighting the need for effective treatment options. Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of Mulligan's Sustained Natural Apophyseal Glide (SNAG) and Maitland's posteroanterior (PA) glide on pain, range of motion, and functional disability in patients with lumbar facet joint syndrome. Methods: A single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted in the outpatient physiotherapy department. Thirty male patients aged 24-60 years with lumbar facet joint syndrome were randomly assigned to two groups: Maitland PA glide and Mulligan SNAGs, each comprising 15 participants. Interventions were administered three times per week for one month. Outcomes were assessed using the Modified Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (MODQ), Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), and goniometer measurements. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25. Results: The Maitland group showed significant improvements in MODQ (13.07 ± 3.53, p = 0.023) and NPRS (2.87 ± 1.13, p = 0.025) scores compared to the Mulligan group. Lumbar flexion and extension also improved significantly in the Maitland group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The Maitland PA Glide technique demonstrated superior efficacy in reducing pain and improving functional outcomes compared to the Mulligan SNAGs technique in patients with lumbar facet joint syndrome.
{"title":"Comparative Effectiveness of Mulligan and Maitland Mobilization Techniques Among Patients with Lumbar Facet Joint Syndrome","authors":"Muhammad Samran Zafar, Muntaha Babar, Tamjeed Ghaffar, Aftab Ansar Lodhi, Junaid Raza, Komal Shahbaz","doi":"10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i3.1320","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Facet joint syndrome is a prevalent cause of low back pain (LBP), contributing significantly to disability and economic impact. The incidence of lumbar facet joint pain ranges from 7.7% to 75% among LBP patients, highlighting the need for effective treatment options.\u0000Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of Mulligan's Sustained Natural Apophyseal Glide (SNAG) and Maitland's posteroanterior (PA) glide on pain, range of motion, and functional disability in patients with lumbar facet joint syndrome.\u0000Methods: A single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted in the outpatient physiotherapy department. Thirty male patients aged 24-60 years with lumbar facet joint syndrome were randomly assigned to two groups: Maitland PA glide and Mulligan SNAGs, each comprising 15 participants. Interventions were administered three times per week for one month. Outcomes were assessed using the Modified Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (MODQ), Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), and goniometer measurements. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.\u0000Results: The Maitland group showed significant improvements in MODQ (13.07 ± 3.53, p = 0.023) and NPRS (2.87 ± 1.13, p = 0.025) scores compared to the Mulligan group. Lumbar flexion and extension also improved significantly in the Maitland group (p < 0.05).\u0000Conclusion: The Maitland PA Glide technique demonstrated superior efficacy in reducing pain and improving functional outcomes compared to the Mulligan SNAGs technique in patients with lumbar facet joint syndrome.","PeriodicalId":507812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141929041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hina Tariq, Hina Ghulam Murtaza, Maham Fatima Tanveer, Ans Abrar, Rukhma Mauzzam, U. Janjua, Syeda Mahnoor Hassan, Mahnoor Hassan
BACKGROUND: Adhesive capsulitis commonly known as frozen shoulder, is the disease of shoulder in which the shoulder becomes inflamed, stiff, and have restricted ROM. It is more common in females than in males. The common age of its onset is mid-fifties. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to compare the effects of Maitland mobilization along with strengthening exercises and PNF technique and to evaluate the more effective protocol for the treatment of adhesive capsulitis. METHODOLOGY: This study was a randomized clinical trial with a sample size of 32 members, conducted at Al-Rae Trust Hospital Gujranwala. Participants were randomly assigned into Group 1(Maitland mobilization along with strengthening Exercises) and Group 2 (PNF technique). Each group consisted of 16 participants. The duration of each intervention was 3 sessions per week for 1 month. The participants were assessed by SPADI scale, Numeric pain rating scale, and Goniometer at baseline, after the 2nd and 4th week of treatment. RESULTS: One way ANOVA and Repeated measures ANOVA were applied to infer results with a 95% confidence level, the level of significance of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The mean age of subjects was recorded as 51.25±4.938. Out of 32 patients, 11 patients (34.48%) were Males, and 21 patients (65.63%) were Females. For Numeric Pain Rating Scale and SPADI, results demonstrate that significant differences is present in between both groups having significant value of p<0.05. CONCLUSIONS: The study concluded that Maitland mobilization along with strengthening exercises showed more significant results reduction in pain, stiffness, and increased ROM for patients with adhesive capsulitis. KEYWORDS: Arthritis, Physical conditioning, Adhesive capsulitis, Physical Therapy, Activities of daily living
{"title":"Efficacy of Maitland Mobilization Along with Strengthening Exercises Compared with PNF Technique in Treatment of Adhesive Capsulitis","authors":"Hina Tariq, Hina Ghulam Murtaza, Maham Fatima Tanveer, Ans Abrar, Rukhma Mauzzam, U. Janjua, Syeda Mahnoor Hassan, Mahnoor Hassan","doi":"10.61919/jhrr.v4i2.1104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i2.1104","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Adhesive capsulitis commonly known as frozen shoulder, is the disease of shoulder in which the shoulder becomes inflamed, stiff, and have restricted ROM. It is more common in females than in males. The common age of its onset is mid-fifties. \u0000OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to compare the effects of Maitland mobilization along with strengthening exercises and PNF technique and to evaluate the more effective protocol for the treatment of adhesive capsulitis. \u0000METHODOLOGY: This study was a randomized clinical trial with a sample size of 32 members, conducted at Al-Rae Trust Hospital Gujranwala. Participants were randomly assigned into Group 1(Maitland mobilization along with strengthening Exercises) and Group 2 (PNF technique). Each group consisted of 16 participants. The duration of each intervention was 3 sessions per week for 1 month. The participants were assessed by SPADI scale, Numeric pain rating scale, and Goniometer at baseline, after the 2nd and 4th week of treatment. \u0000RESULTS: One way ANOVA and Repeated measures ANOVA were applied to infer results with a 95% confidence level, the level of significance of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The mean age of subjects was recorded as 51.25±4.938. Out of 32 patients, 11 patients (34.48%) were Males, and 21 patients (65.63%) were Females. For Numeric Pain Rating Scale and SPADI, results demonstrate that significant differences is present in between both groups having significant value of p<0.05. \u0000CONCLUSIONS: The study concluded that Maitland mobilization along with strengthening exercises showed more significant results reduction in pain, stiffness, and increased ROM for patients with adhesive capsulitis. \u0000KEYWORDS: Arthritis, Physical conditioning, Adhesive capsulitis, Physical Therapy, Activities of daily living","PeriodicalId":507812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141336582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: This systematic review aims at evaluating broader implications of amblyopia disorder for color vision and contrast sensitivity in the context of challenging the conventional approach to treatment, when visual acuity is only treated. The review will establish whether traditional and modern treatment approaches are effective in improving the above visual functions in patients. It is argued that modern treatments are more effective in ameliorating broader ranges of visual dysfunctions. Methods: For the purpose of the systematic review, a comprehensive search across such databases as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest to find the studies published from 2008 to 2024 was conducted. Criteria for inclusion in the systematic review comprised of the following the review included randomized clinical trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies if the treatment was related to the impacts on color vision and contrast sensitivity in individuals with amblyopia. The exclusion criteria included the unavailability of section on the treatment analysis. Results: The review conveys the results of studies incorporated of 43 full texts. There was substantial heterogeneity in the type of treatments and outcomes. It was found that traditional treatments, such as patching improves visual acuity, but the approach does not have a substantial effect on contrast sensitivity or color vision. On the other hand, advanced therapies overcoming these traditional deficiencies, such as perceptual learning, dichoptic training, and binocular therapy may improve contrast sensitivity by up to 40% and color vision by 30%, respectively. To conclude, modern approaches are substantially superior to traditional ones. Conclusion: The findings suggest that modern therapies offer a more comprehensive solution for ameliorating a wider range of visual dysfunctions associated with amblyopia. Keywords: Amblyopia, Color Vision, Contrast Sensitivity, Traditional Methods, Binocular Therapy.
{"title":"Effect of Amblyopia on Color Vision and Contrast Sensitivity: A Systematic Review","authors":"Tahami Babar, Rubab naqvi, Qurba Kiran, Amna Ahmed, Aneeisa Abid, Aysha Sharif","doi":"10.61919/jhrr.v4i2.1147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i2.1147","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This systematic review aims at evaluating broader implications of amblyopia disorder for color vision and contrast sensitivity in the context of challenging the conventional approach to treatment, when visual acuity is only treated. The review will establish whether traditional and modern treatment approaches are effective in improving the above visual functions in patients. It is argued that modern treatments are more effective in ameliorating broader ranges of visual dysfunctions. \u0000Methods: For the purpose of the systematic review, a comprehensive search across such databases as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest to find the studies published from 2008 to 2024 was conducted. Criteria for inclusion in the systematic review comprised of the following the review included randomized clinical trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies if the treatment was related to the impacts on color vision and contrast sensitivity in individuals with amblyopia. The exclusion criteria included the unavailability of section on the treatment analysis.\u0000Results: The review conveys the results of studies incorporated of 43 full texts. There was substantial heterogeneity in the type of treatments and outcomes. It was found that traditional treatments, such as patching improves visual acuity, but the approach does not have a substantial effect on contrast sensitivity or color vision. On the other hand, advanced therapies overcoming these traditional deficiencies, such as perceptual learning, dichoptic training, and binocular therapy may improve contrast sensitivity by up to 40% and color vision by 30%, respectively. To conclude, modern approaches are substantially superior to traditional ones.\u0000Conclusion: The findings suggest that modern therapies offer a more comprehensive solution for ameliorating a wider range of visual dysfunctions associated with amblyopia.\u0000Keywords: Amblyopia, Color Vision, Contrast Sensitivity, Traditional Methods, Binocular Therapy.","PeriodicalId":507812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141340987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: A typical post-stroke consequence is shoulder pain, which discourages movement and hinders recovery. Understanding hemiplegic shoulder pain syndrome requires identifying which shoulder structures can produce pain post-stroke. Stroke patients may experience shoulder pain due to conditions like shoulder subluxation, rotator cuff impingement or rupture, adhesive capsulitis, bicipital tendonitis, among others, which contribute to activity limitations in daily living. Objective: To assess the prevalence of hemiplegic shoulder pain and its association with activity limitations in daily living among stroke patients. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 377 participants after institutional ethical approval. Data were collected using a convenient sampling technique from hospitals in Haripur, Mansehra, and Abbottabad, involving patients with a stroke duration of not less than one month. Shoulder pain and disability were measured using the standardized Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). Patients reporting shoulder pain were further evaluated using the Barthel Index to assess limitations in daily living activities. Associations between categorical variables were determined using the Chi-square test, and correlations between continuous variables were analyzed using Pearson’s Correlation Test. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results: The mean age of participants was 46.85 ± 7.30 years, with 58.1% females and 41.9% males. The majority were overweight (37.6%) and had right hemiplegic stroke (52.5%). Hemiplegic shoulder pain was reported by 54.5% of stroke patients, with 59.6% experiencing right-sided pain. A moderate to strong correlation was found between shoulder pain and activity limitations in daily living (p < 0.001, r = -0.765). Conclusion: This study found that the majority of stroke survivors experienced post-stroke shoulder pain. There was a significant association between shoulder pain-related disability and activity limitations, indicating the need for specialized care.
{"title":"Tendency of Hemiplegic Shoulder Pain and Its Association with Activities of Daily Living Limitations in Stroke Population","authors":"Hafsa Rashid, Ayesha Javed, Irrij Javed Jadoon, Palwasha Masood, Naheeda Javed, Pakeza Sarwar, Saima Babar, Kiran Shafique","doi":"10.61919/jhrr.v4i2.1003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i2.1003","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A typical post-stroke consequence is shoulder pain, which discourages movement and hinders recovery. Understanding hemiplegic shoulder pain syndrome requires identifying which shoulder structures can produce pain post-stroke. Stroke patients may experience shoulder pain due to conditions like shoulder subluxation, rotator cuff impingement or rupture, adhesive capsulitis, bicipital tendonitis, among others, which contribute to activity limitations in daily living.\u0000Objective: To assess the prevalence of hemiplegic shoulder pain and its association with activity limitations in daily living among stroke patients.\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 377 participants after institutional ethical approval. Data were collected using a convenient sampling technique from hospitals in Haripur, Mansehra, and Abbottabad, involving patients with a stroke duration of not less than one month. Shoulder pain and disability were measured using the standardized Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). Patients reporting shoulder pain were further evaluated using the Barthel Index to assess limitations in daily living activities. Associations between categorical variables were determined using the Chi-square test, and correlations between continuous variables were analyzed using Pearson’s Correlation Test. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.\u0000Results: The mean age of participants was 46.85 ± 7.30 years, with 58.1% females and 41.9% males. The majority were overweight (37.6%) and had right hemiplegic stroke (52.5%). Hemiplegic shoulder pain was reported by 54.5% of stroke patients, with 59.6% experiencing right-sided pain. A moderate to strong correlation was found between shoulder pain and activity limitations in daily living (p < 0.001, r = -0.765).\u0000Conclusion: This study found that the majority of stroke survivors experienced post-stroke shoulder pain. There was a significant association between shoulder pain-related disability and activity limitations, indicating the need for specialized care.","PeriodicalId":507812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141342494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ayesha A. Saleem, Dr Hina Azhar, Bushra Mazhar, Fatima Rasool, Muneeba Ijaz
Background: Speech delay in preschoolers is a significant concern for parents and healthcare professionals alike, with various factors, including non-nutritive sucking habits like pacifier use and digit-sucking, being investigated for their potential impact on speech development. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between non-nutritive sucking behaviors (pacifier use and digit-sucking) and speech delay in preschool-aged children. Methods: A cross-sectional design was employed, involving 126 preschoolers divided into two groups: those with speech delay and a control group with typical speech development. Data were collected from the Children’s Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore, using a structured questionnaire covering demographics, breastfeeding history, non-nutritive sucking behaviors, and speech delay status. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25, focusing on frequencies, percentages, and P-values to determine the significance of associations between non-nutritive sucking behaviors and speech delay. Results: Of the 126 participants, 67% were male, and 93% hailed from Punjab. A majority (87%) were breastfed, with 27% reporting pacifier use and only 6% engaging in digit-sucking. Statistical analysis revealed no significant association between speech delay and pacifier use (P=0.123), digit-sucking (P=0.359), or breastfeeding status (P=0.395). The mean daily screen media usage was 3.121 hours for the speech delay group and 2.968 hours for the control group, with no statistically significant difference (P=0.593). Conclusion: The study concluded that non-nutritive sucking behaviours, including pacifier use and digit-sucking, are not significantly associated with speech delay in preschoolers. This finding contributes to the understanding of speech development and the factors influencing it, suggesting that concerns regarding non-nutritive sucking habits may be less critical than previously assumed in the context of speech delay. Keywords: Speech delay, Non-nutritive sucking, Pacifier use, Digit-sucking, Preschoolers, Speech development.
{"title":"Speech Delay and its Association with non-Nutritive Nursing in Pre-schoolers","authors":"Ayesha A. Saleem, Dr Hina Azhar, Bushra Mazhar, Fatima Rasool, Muneeba Ijaz","doi":"10.61919/jhrr.v4i2.1141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4i2.1141","url":null,"abstract":"Background: \u0000Speech delay in preschoolers is a significant concern for parents and healthcare professionals alike, with various factors, including non-nutritive sucking habits like pacifier use and digit-sucking, being investigated for their potential impact on speech development. \u0000Objective: \u0000This study aimed to investigate the association between non-nutritive sucking behaviors (pacifier use and digit-sucking) and speech delay in preschool-aged children. \u0000Methods: \u0000A cross-sectional design was employed, involving 126 preschoolers divided into two groups: those with speech delay and a control group with typical speech development. Data were collected from the Children’s Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore, using a structured questionnaire covering demographics, breastfeeding history, non-nutritive sucking behaviors, and speech delay status. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25, focusing on frequencies, percentages, and P-values to determine the significance of associations between non-nutritive sucking behaviors and speech delay. \u0000Results: \u0000Of the 126 participants, 67% were male, and 93% hailed from Punjab. A majority (87%) were breastfed, with 27% reporting pacifier use and only 6% engaging in digit-sucking. Statistical analysis revealed no significant association between speech delay and pacifier use (P=0.123), digit-sucking (P=0.359), or breastfeeding status (P=0.395). The mean daily screen media usage was 3.121 hours for the speech delay group and 2.968 hours for the control group, with no statistically significant difference (P=0.593). \u0000Conclusion: \u0000The study concluded that non-nutritive sucking behaviours, including pacifier use and digit-sucking, are not significantly associated with speech delay in preschoolers. This finding contributes to the understanding of speech development and the factors influencing it, suggesting that concerns regarding non-nutritive sucking habits may be less critical than previously assumed in the context of speech delay. \u0000Keywords: \u0000Speech delay, Non-nutritive sucking, Pacifier use, Digit-sucking, Preschoolers, Speech development.","PeriodicalId":507812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141342235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FM) is characterized by widespread chronic musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and a range of psychosomatic symptoms. Non-pharmacological treatments, such as physical therapy, have shown promise in managing these symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of dry needling and stretching in reducing pain pressure thresholds, fatigue, and disability in fibromyalgia patients. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of dry needling and stretching in the treatment of fibromyalgia, specifically focusing on improvements in pain pressure thresholds, fatigue, and disability. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted with 10 female participants aged 35-55 years, diagnosed with fibromyalgia and scoring over 60 on the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ). Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: Group A (Stretching) and Group B (Dry-Needling). Each group received two treatment sessions over six months. The Stretching protocol involved static stretching of major muscle groups, while the Dry-Needling protocol involved the insertion of thin filiform needles into tender points. Both groups also received routine physical therapy, including hot packs and ultrasound therapy. Data were collected using the FIQ before and after the interventions. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 25, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: Both groups showed significant improvements in FIQ scores after treatment. Group A (Stretching) had a mean pre-treatment FIQ score of 119.2 ± 11.0 and a post-treatment score of 105.8 ± 9.1 (p < 0.001). Group B (Dry-Needling) had a mean pre-treatment FIQ score of 120.8 ± 9.2 and a post-treatment score of 67.8 ± 4.0 (p < 0.001). The Dry-Needling group showed greater improvements across all measured parameters, including reductions in pain (t = 11.0, p < 0.001), fatigue (t = 14.0, p < 0.001), and sleep disturbances (t = 4.5, p = 0.010). Conclusion: Both dry needling and stretching significantly reduced pain, fatigue, and disability in fibromyalgia patients, with dry needling demonstrating greater efficacy. These findings support the inclusion of dry needling as an effective non-pharmacological treatment for fibromyalgia. Keywords: Fibromyalgia, Dry Needling, Stretching, Pain Management, Fatigue Reduction, Disability Improvement, Non-Pharmacological Treatment.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Dry Needling and Stretching in Fibromyalgia: A Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"Sumaira Yasmin, Nida Ilahi, Sania Naz, Hina Mustafa, Adeena Shams, Kinza Fatima, Mahnoor Najeeb, Anoosha Taskeen Javed, Areej Fatima","doi":"10.61919/jhrr.v4iicic1.1100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v4iicic1.1100","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FM) is characterized by widespread chronic musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and a range of psychosomatic symptoms. Non-pharmacological treatments, such as physical therapy, have shown promise in managing these symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of dry needling and stretching in reducing pain pressure thresholds, fatigue, and disability in fibromyalgia patients.\u0000Objective: To compare the effectiveness of dry needling and stretching in the treatment of fibromyalgia, specifically focusing on improvements in pain pressure thresholds, fatigue, and disability.\u0000Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted with 10 female participants aged 35-55 years, diagnosed with fibromyalgia and scoring over 60 on the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ). Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: Group A (Stretching) and Group B (Dry-Needling). Each group received two treatment sessions over six months. The Stretching protocol involved static stretching of major muscle groups, while the Dry-Needling protocol involved the insertion of thin filiform needles into tender points. Both groups also received routine physical therapy, including hot packs and ultrasound therapy. Data were collected using the FIQ before and after the interventions. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 25, with significance set at p < 0.05.\u0000Results: Both groups showed significant improvements in FIQ scores after treatment. Group A (Stretching) had a mean pre-treatment FIQ score of 119.2 ± 11.0 and a post-treatment score of 105.8 ± 9.1 (p < 0.001). Group B (Dry-Needling) had a mean pre-treatment FIQ score of 120.8 ± 9.2 and a post-treatment score of 67.8 ± 4.0 (p < 0.001). The Dry-Needling group showed greater improvements across all measured parameters, including reductions in pain (t = 11.0, p < 0.001), fatigue (t = 14.0, p < 0.001), and sleep disturbances (t = 4.5, p = 0.010).\u0000Conclusion: Both dry needling and stretching significantly reduced pain, fatigue, and disability in fibromyalgia patients, with dry needling demonstrating greater efficacy. These findings support the inclusion of dry needling as an effective non-pharmacological treatment for fibromyalgia.\u0000Keywords: Fibromyalgia, Dry Needling, Stretching, Pain Management, Fatigue Reduction, Disability Improvement, Non-Pharmacological Treatment.","PeriodicalId":507812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141348909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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