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A broader perspective on nutrition research: the rationale for integrating the entire continuum of human nutrition 营养研究的更广阔视角:整合整个人类营养连续体的基本原理。
IF 6.5 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.12.008
Andrew A Bremer , Shannon N Zenk , Stefan M Pasiakos , Helene M Langevin
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引用次数: 0
Associations of body composition at birth and accretion from 0 to 5 years with kidney function and volume at the 10-year follow-up: the Ethiopian Infant Anthropometry and Body Composition birth cohort 出生时身体组成和0-5岁体重增加与10年随访时肾功能和体积的关系:埃塞俄比亚iABC出生队列
IF 6.5 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.12.015
Beakal Zinab , Rahma Ali , Bikila S Megersa , Tefera Belachew , Elias Kedir , Tsinuel Girma , Bitiya Admasu , Henrik Friis , Mubarek Abera , Suzanne Filteau , Dorothea Nitsch , Jonathan CK Wells , Rasmus Wibaek , Daniel Yilma

Background

Fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) in early life are associated with later obesity and cardiometabolic disease.

Objectives

This study aimed to assess the associations of FM and FFM at birth and conditional FM and FFM accretion from 0 to 5 y with kidney outcomes at the 10-y follow-up.

Methods

The Ethiopian Infant Anthropometry and Body Composition birth cohort included term infants born in Jimma town, with a birth weight ≥1500 g, and having no congenital malformations. Air-displacement plethysmography was used to measure body composition. Serum cystatin C was determined and kidney dimensions were assessed by ultrasound when children were aged ∼10 y. Conditional growth modeling was used to compute FM and FFM accretion between different time points over 0–5 y. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine associations of birth FM and FFM and conditional FM and FFM accretion in selected age periods with serum cystatin C and total kidney volume at the 10-y follow-up.

Results

A total of 350 children were followed up at a mean age of 9.8 (±1.0) y. A 1 standard deviation (SD) higher conditional FFM accretion from 3 to 6 mo was associated with 7.6% [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.9%, 13.0%) lower serum cystatin C but higher conditional FFM accretion 48–60 mo was associated with 5.3% (95% CI: 1.9%, 9.0%) higher serum cystatin C. A 1 SD higher conditional FM accretion in the periods 6–48 mo and 48–60 mo was associated with β = 7.7 (95% CI: 4.8, 10.7) and β = 6.4 (95% CI: 1.6, 11.1) cm3 greater kidney volume, respectively. A 1 SD higher birth FFM and FFM accretion in the periods 3–6 mo, 6–48 mo, and 48–60 mo was associated with β = 4.7 (95% CI: 2.1, 7.2), 14.1 (95% CI: 6.3, 22.0), 4.2 (95% CI: 0.9, 7.4), and 7.1 (95% CI: 2.5, 11.7) cm3 greater kidney volume, respectively.

Conclusions

A higher conditional FFM gain in age from 3 to 6 mo results in better kidney function at the 10-y follow-up, whereas a higher conditional FFM gain in age from 4 to 5 y results in a lower kidney function. Kidney volume at the 10-y follow-up is associated with higher birth FFM and higher conditional FM or FFM growth in most growth periods.
背景:生命早期脂肪量(FM)和无脂量(FFM)与后期肥胖和心脏代谢疾病相关。本研究旨在评估出生时FM和FFM以及0-5岁时条件FM和FFM增加与10年随访肾脏结局的关系。方法:埃塞俄比亚婴儿人体测量和身体成分(iABC)出生队列包括在Jimma镇出生的足月婴儿,出生体重≥1500克,无先天性畸形。采用空气置换脉搏描记仪测量身体成分。当儿童年龄在10岁~ 10岁时,通过超声检测血清胱抑素C和肾脏尺寸。使用条件增长模型计算0-5年不同时间点间的FM和FFM增长。采用多元线性回归分析,在10年随访期间检验出生FM和FFM以及选定年龄段条件FM和FFM增加与血清胱抑素C和总肾容量的关系。结果:共随访儿童350例,平均年龄9.8 9.8(±1.0)岁。3-6个月的条件性FFM增加1 SD与7.6%相关(95% CI: 1.9;13.0) 48-60个月血清胱抑素C降低但条件性FFM增高与5.3%相关(95% CI: 1.9;在6个月-48个月和48-60个月期间,1 SD较高的条件性FM增加与β=7.7相关(95% CI: 4.8;10.7), β=6.4 (95% CI: 1.6;肾容积增加11.1 cm3。在3-6个月、6 -48个月和48-60个月期间,出生FFM和FFM增加1 SD与β=4.7 (95% CI: 2.1, 7.2)、14.1 (95% CI: 6.3;22.0), 4.2 (95% ci: 0.9;7.4)和7.1 (95% CI: 2.5;肾容积分别增大11.7 cm3。结论:年龄在3-6个月时条件性FFM增加越多,在10年随访中肾功能越好,而年龄在4-5岁时条件性FFM增加越多,肾功能越差。10年随访时的肾脏体积与较高的出生FFM和较高的条件FM或大多数生长期的FFM生长有关。
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引用次数: 0
Maternal vitamin D status, fetal growth patterns, and adverse pregnancy outcomes in a multisite prospective pregnancy cohort 多地点前瞻性妊娠队列中的母体维生素 D 状态、胎儿生长模式和不良妊娠结局。
IF 6.5 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.11.018
Celeste Beck , Nathan R Blue , Robert M Silver , Muzi Na , William A Grobman , Jonathan Steller , Samuel Parry , Christina Scifres , Alison D Gernand

Background

Few studies have examined maternal vitamin D status and fetal growth patterns across gestation. Furthermore, time points in pregnancy at which maternal vitamin D status is most critical for optimal fetal growth and pregnancy outcomes are uncertain.

Objectives

Our objective was to examine whether first and second trimester maternal vitamin D status are associated with fetal growth patterns and pregnancy outcomes.

Methods

We conducted a secondary analysis using data and samples from a multisite prospective cohort study of nulliparous pregnant females in the United States. We measured serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) for 351 participants at 6–13 and 16–21 weeks of gestation. Fetal growth was measured by ultrasound at 16–21 and 22–29 weeks of gestation, and neonatal anthropometric measures at birth. We constructed fetal growth curves using length, weight, and head circumference z-scores, and calculated risk of preterm birth (<37 wk) and small for gestational age (SGA). We examined outcomes across 25(OH)D concentrations assessed continuously, using Institute of Medicine (IOM) cutoffs (<50 compared with ≥50 nmol/L), and using exploratory cutoffs (<40, 40–59.9, 60–79.9, ≥80 nmol/L).

Results

Vitamin D insufficiency (25(OH)D <50 nmol/L) was prevalent in 20% of participants in the first trimester. Each 10 nmol/L increase in first trimester 25(OH)D was associated with a 0.05 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.01, 0.10] increase in length-for-age z-score but was not associated with weight or head circumference. There were no differences in risk of preterm birth or SGA using IOM cutoffs; participants with first trimester 25(OH)D <40 compared with ≥80 nmol/L had 4.35 (95% CI: 1.14, 16.55) times risk of preterm birth. Second trimester 25(OH)D was not associated with fetal growth patterns or with pregnancy outcomes.

Conclusions

First trimester 25(OH)D is positively associated with linear growth. Low first trimester 25(OH)D (<40 nmol/L) is associated with a higher risk of preterm birth. Second trimester 25(OH)D is not associated with fetal growth or pregnancy outcomes assessed.
背景:很少有研究探讨母体维生素 D 状态和胎儿在整个孕期的生长模式。此外,母体维生素 D 状态对胎儿最佳生长和妊娠结局最为关键的妊娠时间点也不确定:我们的目的是研究孕期前三个月和后三个月母体维生素 D 状态是否与胎儿生长模式和妊娠结局相关:我们利用美国一项针对无阴道孕妇的多地点前瞻性队列研究的数据和样本进行了二次分析。我们测量了 351 名参与者在妊娠 6-13 周和 16-21 周时的血清 25- 羟维生素 D (25(OH)D)。在妊娠 16-21 周和 22-29 周时,我们通过超声波测量了胎儿的生长情况,并在新生儿出生时测量了其人体测量数据。我们利用身长、体重和头围的 Z 值构建了胎儿生长曲线,并计算了早产风险(结果:维生素 D 不足(25(OH)D 结论:孕期前三个月的 25(OH)D 与线性生长呈正相关。怀孕头三个月维生素 D 不足(25(OH)D
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引用次数: 0
Increasing diversity in the nutrition, obesity, and diabetes biomedical workforce: the BRIDGES consortium 增加营养、肥胖和糖尿病生物医学工作人员的多样性:BRIDGES联盟。
IF 6.5 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.12.011
Robert L Newton Jr. , Peter T Katzmarzyk , O. Kenrik Duru , Anna Lee , Ashley Irwin , Carol M Mangione , Natalia E Morone , Elimelda Moige Ongeri , Saame Raza Shaikh , Fatima Cody Stanford , Takara L Stanley , Kimberly Parker Truesdale
Scientists from diverse backgrounds are underrepresented (UR) in academia. This lack of diversity impedes scientific discovery and innovation. UR scientists tend to conduct research on issues relevant to UR populations, including chronic disease prevention and management, and health disparities. Difficulty in attaining grant funding is a major barrier preventing UR scientists from remaining in academia. Programs designed to provide UR scientists with career development training can help increase the number of UR scientists who obtain grant funding. These programs have shown some level of success, yet none have been specifically designed to target scientists conducting research pertaining to the interests of the National Institute for Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Disorders (NIDDK). Here, the Bringing Resources to Increase Diversity, Growth, Equity, and Scholarship for Obesity, Nutrition, and Diabetes Research (BRIDGES) consortium is described. BRIDGES is the first program to be funded by the NIDDK designed to increase the success rate of UR scientists competing for and obtaining funding related to nutrition, obesity, and diabetes. Four programs across the country, located in California, Massachusetts, North Carolina, and Louisiana, were funded in 2022. By design, some programmatic elements are shared across each of the funded programs, including mentoring and a pilot and feasibility funding program. Some elements are specific to each program. The BRIDGES program is expected to impact a substantial number of UR scientists who are then likely to have an influence on nutrition, obesity, diabetes, and health disparities research, shaping NIH priorities, and future scientists conducting NIDDK-related research.
来自不同背景的科学家在学术界的代表性不足。这种多样性的缺乏阻碍了科学发现和创新。代表性不足(UR)的科学家倾向于研究与代表性不足的人群相关的问题,包括慢性病预防和管理以及健康差距。获得资助的困难是阻碍大学科学家留在学术界的一个主要障碍。为大学科学家提供职业发展培训的项目可以帮助增加获得资助的大学科学家的数量。这些项目已经显示出一定程度的成功,但没有一个是专门针对从事与国家糖尿病、消化和肾脏疾病研究所(NIDDK)利益相关的研究的科学家设计的。在此,将资源用于增加肥胖、营养和糖尿病研究的多样性、增长、公平和奖学金(BRIDGES)联盟被描述。BRIDGES是NIDDK资助的第一个项目,旨在提高UR科学家竞争和获得营养、肥胖和糖尿病相关资金的成功率。在加州、马萨诸塞州、北卡罗来纳州和路易斯安那州的四个项目在2022年获得了资助。通过设计,一些项目要素在每个资助项目中共享,包括指导、试点和可行性资助项目。还有一些元素是针对每个单独的程序的。BRIDGES计划预计将影响大量的UR科学家,他们可能会对营养、肥胖、糖尿病和健康差异研究产生影响,形成NIH的优先事项,以及未来进行niddk相关研究的科学家。
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引用次数: 0
Maize consumption and circulating aflatoxin levels in Mexican middle- and older-aged adults: a cross-sectional analysis 玉米消费和循环黄曲霉毒素水平在墨西哥中老年人:横断面分析。
IF 6.5 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.12.018
Obed Solís-Martínez , Adriana Monge , John D Groopman , Katherine A McGlynn , Martín Romero-Martínez , Natalia Palacios-Rojas , Carolina Batis , Héctor Lamadrid-Figueroa , Horacio Riojas-Rodríguez , Martín Lajous

Background

Maize is frequently contaminated by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), an established liver carcinogen.

Objectives

The objective of this study is to estimate the effect of maize and maize tortilla consumption on AFB1-lysine adduct (AFB1-lys) concentrations in middle- and older-aged adults living in south and eastern Mexico.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional analysis in a representative sample of 915 adults aged ≥40 y living in south and eastern Mexico in 2018–2019. Maize and maize tortilla intake were estimated using a food frequency questionnaire. Intake of maize tortillas made from store-purchased masa or bought in a tortilleria, from homemade masa, and from store-bought maize flour was assessed. AFB1-lys in serum was quantified using state-of-the-art isotope-dilution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. We assessed the relationship between maize and maize tortilla consumption and AFB1-lys by fitting linear regression models that accounted for the complex survey design.

Results

Median maize intake was 307 g/d [quartile 1 (Q1)–quartile 3 (Q3) = 165, 554]. Maize tortillas represented 77% of total maize consumption, with a median consumption of 252 g/d (Q1–Q2 = 120, 462). After multivariable adjustment, for every 30 g of maize consumed (1 tortilla equivalent), circulating AFB1-lys incremented by 2.1% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.9%, 3.4%]. For every maize tortilla consumed, the concentration of circulating AFB1-lys was 2.0% (95% CI: 0.6%, 3.4%) higher. The corresponding estimate for homemade masa tortilla was 2.8% (95% CI: 1.1%, 4.6%). The magnitude of the estimates for tortillas made from store-purchased masa or bought in a tortilleria and those made from store-bought maize flour was minimal.

Conclusions

Maize and maize tortilla intake was associated with AFB1-lys concentrations. This association appears to be driven by the consumption of tortillas made from homemade masa.
背景:玉米经常被黄曲霉毒素B1 (AFB1)污染,这是一种公认的肝癌致癌物。目的:估计玉米和玉米玉米饼消费对生活在墨西哥南部和东部的中老年成年人afb1 -赖氨酸加合物(AFB1-lys)浓度的影响。方法:我们对2018- 2019年居住在墨西哥南部和东部的915名年龄≥40岁的成年人的代表性样本进行了横断面分析。使用食物频率调查问卷估计玉米和玉米玉米饼的摄入量。评估了从商店购买的面糊或在玉米饼店购买的面糊、自制面糊和商店购买的玉米粉制成的玉米薄饼的摄入量。采用最先进的同位素稀释液相色谱-质谱法测定血清中AFB1-lys。我们通过拟合线性回归模型评估了玉米和玉米玉米饼消费量与afb1 -赖氨酸加合物之间的关系,该模型解释了复杂的调查设计。结果:玉米摄入量中位数为307克/天(四分位数1 [Q1]-四分位数3 [Q3] = 165, 554)。玉米薄饼占玉米总消费量的77%,平均消费量为252克/天(Q1-Q2 = 120,462)。多变量调整后,每食用30克玉米(相当于一个玉米饼),循环afb1赖氨酸增加2.1% (95% CI= 0.9, 3.4)。每食用一个玉米饼,循环afb1 -赖氨酸浓度增加2.0% (95% CI= 0.6, 3.4)。自制玉米饼的相应估计值为2.8% (95% CI= 1.1, 4.6)。从商店购买的面饼或在玉米饼店购买的玉米饼以及从商店购买的玉米粉制成的玉米饼的估计值最小。结论:玉米和玉米饼摄入量与AFB1-lys浓度相关。这种联系似乎是由食用自制玛莎制成的玉米饼所驱动的。
{"title":"Maize consumption and circulating aflatoxin levels in Mexican middle- and older-aged adults: a cross-sectional analysis","authors":"Obed Solís-Martínez ,&nbsp;Adriana Monge ,&nbsp;John D Groopman ,&nbsp;Katherine A McGlynn ,&nbsp;Martín Romero-Martínez ,&nbsp;Natalia Palacios-Rojas ,&nbsp;Carolina Batis ,&nbsp;Héctor Lamadrid-Figueroa ,&nbsp;Horacio Riojas-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Martín Lajous","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.12.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.12.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Maize is frequently contaminated by aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> (AFB<sub>1</sub>), an established liver carcinogen.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The objective of this study is to estimate the effect of maize and maize tortilla consumption on AFB<sub>1</sub>-lysine adduct (AFB<sub>1</sub>-lys) concentrations in middle- and older-aged adults living in south and eastern Mexico.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis in a representative sample of 915 adults aged ≥40 y living in south and eastern Mexico in 2018–2019. Maize and maize tortilla intake were estimated using a food frequency questionnaire. Intake of maize tortillas made from store-purchased <em>masa</em> or bought in a <em>tortilleria</em>, from homemade <em>masa</em>, and from store-bought maize flour was assessed. AFB<sub>1</sub>-lys in serum was quantified using state-of-the-art isotope-dilution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. We assessed the relationship between maize and maize tortilla consumption and AFB<sub>1</sub>-lys by fitting linear regression models that accounted for the complex survey design.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Median maize intake was 307 g/d [quartile 1 (Q1)–quartile 3 (Q3) = 165, 554]. Maize tortillas represented 77% of total maize consumption, with a median consumption of 252 g/d (Q1–Q2 = 120, 462). After multivariable adjustment, for every 30 g of maize consumed (1 tortilla equivalent), circulating AFB<sub>1</sub>-lys incremented by 2.1% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.9%, 3.4%]. For every maize tortilla consumed, the concentration of circulating AFB1-lys was 2.0% (95% CI: 0.6%, 3.4%) higher. The corresponding estimate for homemade <em>masa</em> tortilla was 2.8% (95% CI: 1.1%, 4.6%). The magnitude of the estimates for tortillas made from store-purchased <em>masa</em> or bought in a <em>tortilleria</em> and those made from store-bought maize flour was minimal.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Maize and maize tortilla intake was associated with AFB1-lys concentrations. This association appears to be driven by the consumption of tortillas made from homemade <em>masa</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50813,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"121 2","pages":"Pages 454-462"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Iron regulatory hormones and their associations with iron status biomarkers among healthy adults of East Asian or Northern European ancestry: A cross-sectional comparison from the Iron Genes in East Asian and Northern European Adults Study (FeGenes)
IF 6.5 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.10.018
Alexa Barad , Yaqin Xu , Erica Bender , Eva K Pressman , Zhenglong Gu , Kimberly O O’Brien

Background

Individuals of East Asian (EA) ancestry have greater risk of elevated iron (Fe) stores compared with individuals of Northern European (NE) ancestry, but no studies have assessed differences in Fe regulatory hormones between these populations.

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate hepcidin, erythropoietin, and erythroferrone as a function of ancestry and examine their associations with Fe status markers in United States adults of genetically confirmed EA or NE ancestry.

Methods

Participants in this cross-sectional study were healthy EA (n = 251) or NE (n = 253) males and premenopausal, nonpregnant females, aged 18–50 y, and without obesity. Serum hepcidin, erythropoietin, and erythroferrone concentrations were measured using ELISAs. Fe status [serum ferritin (SF), soluble transferrin receptor, total body iron, and transferrin], hematologic (complete blood count), and inflammatory (C-reactive protein and IL-6) markers were measured. Results are shown as the geometric mean (95% CI).

Results

Hepcidin (ng/mL) was significantly higher in EA (43.9; 95% CI: 39.6, 48.7) compared with NE (31.3; 95% CI: 28.4, 34.5) males (P < 0.001) but did not differ between EA (21.8; 95% CI: 19.4, 24.6) and NE (21.3; 95% CI: 19.0, 23.8) females (P = 0.66). Interestingly, the hepcidin:SF ratio was lower in EA males (0.26; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.28) and females (0.51; 95% CI: 0.46, 0.57) compared with NE males (0.37; 95% CI: 0.33, 0.40; P < 0.001) and females (0.65; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.73; P = 0.01), respectively. These differences remained significant after adjustment for C-reactive protein (males: P-adjusted < 0.001; females: P-adjusted = 0.008) or IL-6 (males: P-adjusted < 0.001; females: P-adjusted = 0.006). Erythropoietin did not differ between ancestry groups in males (P = 0.11) or females (P = 0.96). Lastly, erythroferrone (ng/mL) was higher in EA (1.3; 95% CI: 0.8, 1.9) compared with NE (0.6; 95% CI: 0.4, 0.9; P = 0.009) males but did not differ between females (EA: 0.7; 95% CI: 0.5, 1.1; NE: 0.5; 95% CI: 0.3, 0.7; P = 0.11).

Conclusions

A lower hepcidin:SF ratio in EA compared with NE participants suggests that among EAs, hepcidin concentrations are lower relative to the load of Fe present. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the observed differences.
This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04198545.
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引用次数: 0
Reply to DJ Millward
IF 6.5 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.12.012
Kerri Scherbinsky , Ronald O Ball , Paul B Pencharz , Glenda Courtney-Martin , Rajavel Elango
{"title":"Reply to DJ Millward","authors":"Kerri Scherbinsky ,&nbsp;Ronald O Ball ,&nbsp;Paul B Pencharz ,&nbsp;Glenda Courtney-Martin ,&nbsp;Rajavel Elango","doi":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.12.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.12.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50813,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"121 2","pages":"Pages 500-501"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of a 12-mo intervention with whey protein powder on cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial 为期 12 个月的乳清蛋白粉干预对轻度认知障碍老年人认知功能的影响:随机对照试验。
IF 6.5 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.11.019
Fengping Li , Ruikun He , Zhongbao Yue , Haoran Yi , Likang Lu , Longbang Zhang , Jiahui Shi , Chenchen Zheng , Jiayi Jiao , Jianying Peng , Benchao Li , Shuang Rong

Background

Our previous animal study revealed that supplementation with milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) alleviated Alzheimer’s disease pathology in mice. We hypothesized that supplementation with whey protein powder rich in MFGM, taurine, and B vitamins would improve cognitive function in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Objectives

We conducted a 12-mo randomized controlled trial to investigate the effects of whey protein powder on cognitive function in older adults with MCI.

Methods

Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the active intervention group (whey protein powder, 15 g/d) or the control group (placebo, 15 g/d). We performed comprehensive cognitive function tests at baseline, 6 mo, and 12 mo. The primary outcome was global cognitive function determined by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Secondary outcomes included other cognitive subdomains, and body composition. The data were analyzed using the intention-to-treat (ITT) principle.

Results

A total of 107 participants [mean (standard deviation) age 62.94 (4.33) y] were randomly assigned to the active intervention group (n = 53), or control group (n = 54). In the ITT analysis, the mean change in MoCA score at 12 mo was 3.23 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.17, 4.30] in the active intervention group and 1.42 (95% CI: 0.36, 2.48) in the control group, with the mean difference between groups (group × time interaction) in change of MoCA score was 1.81 (95% CI: 0.32, 3.30). The modified ITT and per-protocol analyses showed similar results. The results also found a significant beneficial effect of the active intervention for several secondary cognitive outcomes such as Digit Symbol Substitution Test score, and the mean difference between groups in the ITT analysis was 2.72 (95% CI: 0.20, 5.23). Few side effects were reported during the study, and there was no statistically significant difference between groups (P = 0.74).

Conclusions

Supplementation with whey protein powder rich in MFGM, taurine, and B vitamins for 12 mo improve cognitive function in older adults with MCI.
This trial was registered at the https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=150871 as ChiCTR2200062705.
背景:我们之前的动物实验发现,补充牛奶脂肪球膜(MFGM)可减轻小鼠阿尔茨海默病的病理变化。我们假设,补充富含牛奶脂肪球膜、牛磺酸和 B 族维生素的乳清蛋白粉可改善轻度认知障碍(MCI)患者的认知功能:我们进行了一项为期 12 个月的随机对照试验,研究乳清蛋白粉对患有 MCI 的老年人认知功能的影响:参与者按1:1的比例随机分配到积极干预组(乳清蛋白粉,15克/天)或对照组(安慰剂,15克/天)。我们在基线、6 个月和 12 个月时进行了全面认知功能测试。主要结果是通过蒙特利尔认知评估(MoCA)确定的总体认知功能。次要结果包括其他认知子域和身体成分。数据采用意向治疗(ITT)原则进行分析:共有 107 名参与者(平均 [标准差,SD] 年龄为 62.94 [4.33] 岁)被随机分配到积极干预组(53 人)或对照组(54 人)。在ITT分析中,积极干预组12个月时MoCA评分的平均变化为3.23(95%CI,2.17-4.30),对照组为1.42(95%CI,0.36-2.48),组间MoCA评分变化的平均差异(组×时间交互作用)为1.81(95%CI,0.32-3.30)。修改后的 ITT 分析和按协议分析显示了相似的结果。结果还发现,积极干预对一些次要认知结果(如 DSST 评分)也有明显的益处,ITT 分析中各组之间的平均差异为 2.72(95%CI,0.20-5.23)。研究期间几乎没有出现副作用,组间差异无统计学意义(P=0.74):结论:连续12个月补充富含MFGM、牛磺酸和B族维生素的乳清蛋白粉可改善患有MCI的老年人的认知功能:本试验已在 www.chictr.org.cn 注册,注册号为 ChiCTR2200062705。本试验已在 https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=150871 注册,注册号为 ChiCTR2200062705。
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引用次数: 0
Oral citrulline supplementation in pregnancies with preeclampsia: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind clinical trial 妊娠子痫前期口服瓜氨酸补充:一项多中心、随机、双盲临床试验
IF 6.5 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.12.001
Norbert Winer , Emilie Misbert , Damien Masson , Aude Girault , Marie-Cecile Alexandre-Gouabau , Guillaume Ducarme , Vincent Dochez , Thibault Thubert , Marion Boivin , Véronique Ferchaud-Roucher , Morgane Péré , Dominique Darmaun

Background

Preeclampsia (PE) contributes to maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. Supplementation with L-arginine, the precursor of nitric oxide, has not proven effective, possibly due to extensive arginine catabolism in the splanchnic bed. Citrulline is converted by the kidney to L-arginine. Citrulline, therefore, could be a more effective nitric oxide donor in the treatment of PE.

Objectives

The study aimed to determine whether oral L-citrulline supplementation would prolong the delay between diagnosis and delivery in preeclamptic females.

Methods

A total of 115 females with monofetal preeclamptic pregnancy were enrolled before 36 weeks of gestation in a multicenter randomized, double-blind trial: 58 received oral L-citrulline supplementation, and 57 received placebo. The duration of pregnancy, neonatal and maternal outcomes, and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1/placental growth factor ratio, an index of placental dysfunction, were monitored.

Results

Gestational age at inclusion was similar in both groups. The duration of pregnancy between inclusion and delivery was unaltered (hazard ratio: 0.90; 95% confidence interval: 0.62, 1.31). Neither neonatal weight nor pregnancy outcome differed between groups. Liver enzymes were higher on the day of delivery in the treated, compared to the placebo group (65.1 compared with 33.2 UI and 70.4 compared with 33.7 UI for alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, respectively, (estimate: 5.92; 95% confidence interval: 1.09, 10.74). Systolic blood pressure (BP) was higher at delivery in the citrulline group compared with the control group (P = 0.015), whereas the diastolic BP showed no difference. We did not find any difference in neonatal outcomes nor soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1/placental growth factor ratio.

Conclusions

The current trial found no benefit of oral L-citrulline supplementation to females with PE regarding either the duration of pregnancy, fetal growth, or maternal and neonatal outcomes. Systolic BP and liver enzymes levels were found to increase at delivery in the treated group. L-citrulline oral supplementation does not seem to be a promising candidate as a therapeutic intervention in pregnancies with PE.
This trial was registered at CITRUPE as NCT02801695.
背景:先兆子痫会增加产妇和胎儿的死亡率和发病率。补充l -精氨酸,一氧化氮(NO)的前体,尚未被证明有效,可能是由于广泛的精氨酸在内脏床分解代谢。瓜氨酸通过肾脏转化为l -精氨酸。因此,瓜氨酸可能是治疗子痫前期更有效的NO供体。目的:本研究的目的是确定口服l -瓜氨酸补充剂是否会延长子痫前期妇女诊断和分娩之间的延迟。患者和方法:在一项多中心随机双盲试验中,共有115名单胎子痫前期妊娠妇女在妊娠36周前入组:58名接受口服l -瓜氨酸补充,57名接受安慰剂。监测妊娠持续时间、新生儿和产妇结局,以及胎盘功能障碍指标可溶性类纤维样酪氨酸激酶1/胎盘生长因子(sFlt1/PLGF)比值。结果:两组患者入组时胎龄相近。从纳入到分娩的妊娠持续时间没有改变(HR 0.90, 95% CI [0.62;1.31])。两组新生儿体重和妊娠结局均无差异。与安慰剂组相比,治疗组的肝酶在分娩当天更高(ALAT和ASAT分别为65.1 vs 33.2 UI和70.4 vs 33.7 UI,(估计5.92,95%CI [1.09;10.74])。瓜氨酸组分娩时收缩压高于对照组(p = 0.015),而舒张压无差异。我们没有发现新生儿结局和sFlt-1/ PlGF比值有任何差异。结论:目前的试验发现口服l -瓜氨酸补充剂对先兆子痫妇女在妊娠期、胎儿生长或孕产妇和新生儿结局方面没有益处。治疗组分娩时收缩压和肝酶升高。l -瓜氨酸口服补充似乎不是一个有希望的候选人作为治疗干预妊娠先兆子痫。临床试验注册CITRUPE)临床试验。网址:NCT02801695。
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引用次数: 0
Efforts to reduce sugar-sweetened beverages and combat childhood obesity 努力减少含糖饮料和对抗儿童肥胖。
IF 6.5 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.12.009
Gita Wahi , Russell J. de Souza
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引用次数: 0
期刊
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
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