Pub Date : 2023-09-26DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2493
Alba Melissa Castañeda-Villa, Ricardo Lobato-Ortiz, J. Jesús García-Zavala, Guillermo Calderón-Zavala, Aurelio Hernández-Bautista, Alexander López-Hernández
The “bell pepper” or “chino criollo” tomato is a native Mexican variety with similar characteristics to the “Saladette” tomato and the potential to be used as a source of germplasm to generate commercial hybrids of this type. The aim of this investigation was to identify and select advanced lines with a wide genetic base, derived from crosses between Saladette tomatoes and native populations to generate free pollination varieties and potential parents of Saladette tomato hybrids. The hypothesis was that crosses between native populations and Saladette commercial hybrids generate outstanding offspring. The 103 genotypes evaluated included 10 native parents, three parents derived from commercial hybrids, one commercial hybrid control (“El Cid”) and 89 S4 advanced lines. The evaluation was carried out in a greenhouse and hydroponics during the 2020 spring-summer cycle, using a randomized complete block experimental design with three replications and four plants per replication. The total weight and number of fruits were recorded based on the sum of the two cuts performed. The days to flowering of the first cluster, average fruit weight, and total soluble solids were also determined. Analyses of variance were carried out for each variable, as well as orthogonal contrasts and correlations between different combinations of the materials of interest. The comparison of means was carried out using Tukey’s test (p ≤ 0.05). Nine advanced lines with similar or greater characteristics to the control were identified and are recommended to be recombined genetically in a diallelic cross scheme to identify new outstanding offspring. The advanced line 2051 (LOR85 X C) was identified, with a similar yield to that reported for the control, which can be used as an open pollination variety since it has similar characteristics to the control “El Cid”, but with native tomato genes.
“甜椒”或“chino criollo”番茄是一种墨西哥本土品种，具有与“Saladette”番茄相似的特征，并且有潜力作为种质资源来产生这种类型的商业杂交品种。本研究的目的是鉴定和选择具有广泛遗传基础的高级品系，从萨拉黛特番茄与本地群体的杂交中获得自由授粉品种和潜在的萨拉黛特番茄杂交亲本。他们的假设是，本地种群和萨拉黛特商业杂种之间的杂交产生了优秀的后代。103个基因型包括10个本地亲本、3个商业杂交种亲本、1个商业杂交种对照(“El Cid”)和89个S4高级系。采用随机完全区组试验设计，3个重复，每个重复4株，于2020年春夏周期在温室和水培中进行评价。根据两次切割的总和记录果实的总重量和数量。测定了第一簇的开花天数、平均果实重量和总可溶性固形物。对每个变量进行方差分析，以及正交对比和不同感兴趣材料组合之间的相关性。均数比较采用Tukey检验(p≤0.05)。鉴定出9个与对照性状相近或更大的高级品系，建议采用双等位杂交方案进行遗传重组，以鉴定出新的优秀后代。经鉴定的先进品系2051 (LOR85 X C)产量与对照相近，具有与对照“El Cid”相似的性状，但具有本地番茄基因，可作为开放授粉品种使用。
{"title":"IDENTIFICATION OF OUTSTANDING SALADETTE TOMATO LINES WITH A WIDENED GENETIC BASE","authors":"Alba Melissa Castañeda-Villa, Ricardo Lobato-Ortiz, J. Jesús García-Zavala, Guillermo Calderón-Zavala, Aurelio Hernández-Bautista, Alexander López-Hernández","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2493","url":null,"abstract":"The “bell pepper” or “chino criollo” tomato is a native Mexican variety with similar characteristics to the “Saladette” tomato and the potential to be used as a source of germplasm to generate commercial hybrids of this type. The aim of this investigation was to identify and select advanced lines with a wide genetic base, derived from crosses between Saladette tomatoes and native populations to generate free pollination varieties and potential parents of Saladette tomato hybrids. The hypothesis was that crosses between native populations and Saladette commercial hybrids generate outstanding offspring. The 103 genotypes evaluated included 10 native parents, three parents derived from commercial hybrids, one commercial hybrid control (“El Cid”) and 89 S4 advanced lines. The evaluation was carried out in a greenhouse and hydroponics during the 2020 spring-summer cycle, using a randomized complete block experimental design with three replications and four plants per replication. The total weight and number of fruits were recorded based on the sum of the two cuts performed. The days to flowering of the first cluster, average fruit weight, and total soluble solids were also determined. Analyses of variance were carried out for each variable, as well as orthogonal contrasts and correlations between different combinations of the materials of interest. The comparison of means was carried out using Tukey’s test (p ≤ 0.05). Nine advanced lines with similar or greater characteristics to the control were identified and are recommended to be recombined genetically in a diallelic cross scheme to identify new outstanding offspring. The advanced line 2051 (LOR85 X C) was identified, with a similar yield to that reported for the control, which can be used as an open pollination variety since it has similar characteristics to the control “El Cid”, but with native tomato genes.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135719655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-26DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2929
Daniel López-Sosa, María de Jesús García-Gómez, Jesús Carrillo-Ahumada, Oscar Núñez-Gaona
Entomopathogenic fungi biological formulations require viable concentrations of infective units (conidia) with high virulence. These are mainly produced by solid-state cultivation of agro-industrial residues with high C/N ratios as substrates, such as amaranth stubble (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.), which is discarded in the fields due to its lack of postharvest utility and thus becomes a source of contamination. Therefore, its use can reduce production costs when compared to common substrates such as rice (Oryza sativa). The objective of this work was to compare the effect of amaranth stubble on the production, virulence, and viability of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) conidia produced by solid-state cultivation to those produced using rice as a substrate. The results showed that the yield of B. bassiana conidia produced with rice was 15 higher than that produced with amaranth stubble. However, there were no significant differences in the virulence and viability of conidia produced by both substrates. Therefore, the use of amaranth stubble is an economical alternative to produce B. bassiana conidia compared to common substrates like rice.
{"title":"PRODUCTION, VIRULENCE, AND VIABILITY OF Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. CONIDIA OBTAINED BY FERMENTATION OF AMARANTH STUBBLE","authors":"Daniel López-Sosa, María de Jesús García-Gómez, Jesús Carrillo-Ahumada, Oscar Núñez-Gaona","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2929","url":null,"abstract":"Entomopathogenic fungi biological formulations require viable concentrations of infective units (conidia) with high virulence. These are mainly produced by solid-state cultivation of agro-industrial residues with high C/N ratios as substrates, such as amaranth stubble (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.), which is discarded in the fields due to its lack of postharvest utility and thus becomes a source of contamination. Therefore, its use can reduce production costs when compared to common substrates such as rice (Oryza sativa). The objective of this work was to compare the effect of amaranth stubble on the production, virulence, and viability of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) conidia produced by solid-state cultivation to those produced using rice as a substrate. The results showed that the yield of B. bassiana conidia produced with rice was 15 higher than that produced with amaranth stubble. However, there were no significant differences in the virulence and viability of conidia produced by both substrates. Therefore, the use of amaranth stubble is an economical alternative to produce B. bassiana conidia compared to common substrates like rice.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135719213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v57i7.2892
Abelardo Conde-Pulgarín, Claudia Patricia Álvarez Ochoa, Rosalba Frías-Navarro, Santiago Sáenz-Torres
Consolidating the peace process in Colombian territory requires determining the relevance of the agricultural and livestock production systems promoted by national and international organisms as an economic alternative in the reincorporation of Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) ex-combatants. Such is the case with the systems proposed in the Nueva Colombia (New Colombia) farm, located in the Pondores area of the Fonseca municipality in La Guajira, Colombia. In order to answer the question “Are the production systems of the Nueva Colombia farm sustainable?”, we carried out a qualitative agroecological assessment of five systems used (maize [Zea mays L.], cassava [Manihot esculenta Crantz], plantain [Musa x paradisiaca L. var. Hartón], cattle ranching, and poultry farming). Producers, technical consultants, and researchers participated in the assessment, with the goal of establishing a viability baseline and criteria to determine the convenience of allocating resources for the continuity of the systems. The results show that the Nueva Colombia farm is located in a very dry tropical forest life zone. The assessment shows moderate sustainability for plantain and cassava crops and weak sustainability for maize. As for the animal production systems, it was found that cattle ranching is not a sustainable system and that, therefore, its operation is not viable, while poultry farming is moderately sustainable. We concluded that it is not advisable to continue cattle production, and that the resources should be reallocated towards improving the poultry farming system. The agricultural systems require the implementation of practices that increase the specific and spatial diversity of crops, as well as their stress tolerance and the proportion of organic matter in soil.
巩固哥伦比亚领土上的和平进程需要确定国家和国际组织所促进的农业和畜牧业生产系统的相关性，作为哥伦比亚革命武装部队(哥伦比亚革命武装力量)前战斗人员重新编入的一种经济选择。位于哥伦比亚La Guajira市Fonseca市Pondores地区的Nueva Colombia(新哥伦比亚)农场提出的系统就是这种情况。为了回答“Nueva Colombia农场的生产系统是否可持续?”，我们对所使用的五个系统(玉米[Zea mays L.]、木薯[Manihot esculenta Crantz]、大蕉[Musa x paradisiaca L. var. Hartón]、养牛和家禽养殖)进行了定性农业生态评估。生产者、技术顾问和研究人员参与了评估，目标是建立一个可行性基线和标准，以确定分配资源的便利性，以确保系统的连续性。结果表明，Nueva Colombia农场位于一个非常干燥的热带森林生活区。评估结果显示，大蕉和木薯的可持续性中等，玉米的可持续性较弱。至于动物生产系统，我们发现，养牛不是一个可持续的系统，因此，它的经营是不可行的，而家禽养殖是中等可持续的。我们的结论是，不建议继续养牛，应将资源重新分配给改善家禽养殖系统。农业系统需要采取措施，增加作物的特定和空间多样性，以及它们的抗逆性和土壤中有机质的比例。
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF THE SUSTAINABILITY OF AGRICULTURAL AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION SYSTEMS","authors":"Abelardo Conde-Pulgarín, Claudia Patricia Álvarez Ochoa, Rosalba Frías-Navarro, Santiago Sáenz-Torres","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v57i7.2892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v57i7.2892","url":null,"abstract":"Consolidating the peace process in Colombian territory requires determining the relevance of the agricultural and livestock production systems promoted by national and international organisms as an economic alternative in the reincorporation of Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) ex-combatants. Such is the case with the systems proposed in the Nueva Colombia (New Colombia) farm, located in the Pondores area of the Fonseca municipality in La Guajira, Colombia. In order to answer the question “Are the production systems of the Nueva Colombia farm sustainable?”, we carried out a qualitative agroecological assessment of five systems used (maize [Zea mays L.], cassava [Manihot esculenta Crantz], plantain [Musa x paradisiaca L. var. Hartón], cattle ranching, and poultry farming). Producers, technical consultants, and researchers participated in the assessment, with the goal of establishing a viability baseline and criteria to determine the convenience of allocating resources for the continuity of the systems. The results show that the Nueva Colombia farm is located in a very dry tropical forest life zone. The assessment shows moderate sustainability for plantain and cassava crops and weak sustainability for maize. As for the animal production systems, it was found that cattle ranching is not a sustainable system and that, therefore, its operation is not viable, while poultry farming is moderately sustainable. We concluded that it is not advisable to continue cattle production, and that the resources should be reallocated towards improving the poultry farming system. The agricultural systems require the implementation of practices that increase the specific and spatial diversity of crops, as well as their stress tolerance and the proportion of organic matter in soil.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135865001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-19DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2738
Jeronimo Herrera-Pérez, Daniel Hernández-González, Paulino Sánchez-Santillán, Nicolás Torres-Salado, Marco Antonio Ayala-Monter, Luis Antonio Saavedra-Jiménez, Gerardo Noé Rosales-Martínez
The low nutritive value of pastures in tropical regions represents a limitation in the productivity of grazing ruminants. The objective was to determine the in vitro chemical and fermentative characteristics of nine tropical grasses (Aruana [Panicum maximun Jacq. cv. Aruana], Bermuda [Cynodon dactylon L.], Estrella de África [Cynodon Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst], Insurgente [Brachiaria brizantha Hochst. Stapf.], Llanero [Andropogon gayanus Kunth], Mombaza [Panicum maximun Jacq. cv. Mombaza], Pará [Brachiaria mutica Stapf], Pangola [Digitaria eriantha Steud.], and Tanzania [Panicum maximun Jacq. cv. Tanzania]) at three regrowth ages (30, 45, and 60 days). The chemical analysis was used to determine the concentrations of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and ash (Ce). The in vitro trial measured partial (24, 48, and 72 h) and cumulative biogas and methane production, fermentation kinetics estimators (A, b, and k), dry matter degradation (DMD) and detergent neutral fiber degradation (NDFD), pH, and ammonia nitrogen (N-NH3). The experimental design was completely randomized at each regrowth age. In conclusion, based on chemical analysis and fermentative characteristics, Pangola and Estrella pastures performed better at each regrowth age.
{"title":"In vitro CHEMICAL AND FERMENTATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF TROPICAL PASTURES AT DIFFERENT AGES OF REGROWTH","authors":"Jeronimo Herrera-Pérez, Daniel Hernández-González, Paulino Sánchez-Santillán, Nicolás Torres-Salado, Marco Antonio Ayala-Monter, Luis Antonio Saavedra-Jiménez, Gerardo Noé Rosales-Martínez","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2738","url":null,"abstract":"The low nutritive value of pastures in tropical regions represents a limitation in the productivity of grazing ruminants. The objective was to determine the in vitro chemical and fermentative characteristics of nine tropical grasses (Aruana [Panicum maximun Jacq. cv. Aruana], Bermuda [Cynodon dactylon L.], Estrella de África [Cynodon Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst], Insurgente [Brachiaria brizantha Hochst. Stapf.], Llanero [Andropogon gayanus Kunth], Mombaza [Panicum maximun Jacq. cv. Mombaza], Pará [Brachiaria mutica Stapf], Pangola [Digitaria eriantha Steud.], and Tanzania [Panicum maximun Jacq. cv. Tanzania]) at three regrowth ages (30, 45, and 60 days). The chemical analysis was used to determine the concentrations of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and ash (Ce). The in vitro trial measured partial (24, 48, and 72 h) and cumulative biogas and methane production, fermentation kinetics estimators (A, b, and k), dry matter degradation (DMD) and detergent neutral fiber degradation (NDFD), pH, and ammonia nitrogen (N-NH3). The experimental design was completely randomized at each regrowth age. In conclusion, based on chemical analysis and fermentative characteristics, Pangola and Estrella pastures performed better at each regrowth age.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135064144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-19DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2570
Gilberto Rodríguez-Pérez, Felipe de Jesús Reynaga-Franco, Francisco Cadena-Cadena, Francisco Cervantes-Ortiz, Alfredo Josué Gámez-Vázquez, Miguel Ángel Ávila-Perches, Netzahualcóyotl Mayek-Pérez, Alejandro García-Ramírez
In plant breeding, genotype behavior analysis under different development conditions and years of evaluation allows for the identification of desirable individuals. In this study, forage biomass production of 20 elite lines of spring habit triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) determined over a two-year evaluation period. The research was conducted in autumn-winter seasons of 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 in Celaya, Guanajuato, Mexico. It was carried out using a randomized complete block experimental design with three replications per year and combined analysis. The experimental unit included two furrows in an area of 8.0 m2. The variables measured were those related to green and dry forage yield, number of stems, number of leaves, and plant height in the milky-mass stage. Lines L-3, L-9, and L-4 showed higher averages of green and dry forage, more stems and leaves, increased plant height, and presented a late cycle; L-18, L-20, and L-19 yielded less, with a tendency to earlier and smaller plant size. The combined analysis revealed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05); the biplot showed that lines L-17, L-5, L-9, L-20, L-4, and L-19 had higher production in the first year of evaluation for green and dry forage, number of stems, as well as a higher number of leaves.
{"title":"BIOMASS PRODUCTION IN SPRING HABIT TRITICALE (X Triticosecale Wittmack) ELITE LINES","authors":"Gilberto Rodríguez-Pérez, Felipe de Jesús Reynaga-Franco, Francisco Cadena-Cadena, Francisco Cervantes-Ortiz, Alfredo Josué Gámez-Vázquez, Miguel Ángel Ávila-Perches, Netzahualcóyotl Mayek-Pérez, Alejandro García-Ramírez","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2570","url":null,"abstract":"In plant breeding, genotype behavior analysis under different development conditions and years of evaluation allows for the identification of desirable individuals. In this study, forage biomass production of 20 elite lines of spring habit triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) determined over a two-year evaluation period. The research was conducted in autumn-winter seasons of 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 in Celaya, Guanajuato, Mexico. It was carried out using a randomized complete block experimental design with three replications per year and combined analysis. The experimental unit included two furrows in an area of 8.0 m2. The variables measured were those related to green and dry forage yield, number of stems, number of leaves, and plant height in the milky-mass stage. Lines L-3, L-9, and L-4 showed higher averages of green and dry forage, more stems and leaves, increased plant height, and presented a late cycle; L-18, L-20, and L-19 yielded less, with a tendency to earlier and smaller plant size. The combined analysis revealed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05); the biplot showed that lines L-17, L-5, L-9, L-20, L-4, and L-19 had higher production in the first year of evaluation for green and dry forage, number of stems, as well as a higher number of leaves.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135063135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2884
Daniel Alejandro Cadena-Zamudio, Pedro Cadena-Iñiguez, José Luis Arispe-Vázquez, David Heriberto Noriega-Cantú, Rocío Toledo-Aguilar, Juan Mayo-Hernández
The world is currently confronted with a complex task involving the sustainable balance of food production and long-term consumption. One way to face this challenge is through agroforestry systems (ASF). At the national level, there is relevant information on the subject; however, few studies have attempted to analyze trends in agroforestry scientific development over time. In this sense, it was proposed that the number of ASF publications related to food security and natural resource conservation increase on an annual basis. The objective of the present study was to perform a quantitative analysis of agroforestry research published between 1990 and 2022 from Web of Science in Mexico with a bibliometric approach. There were 204 publications related to agroforestry systems, recording an increase of 86 % in the last decade. Among the scientific journals analyzed, Agroforestry Systems and Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine registered the highest number of publications and citations. The most frequent terms mentioned in publications over 32 years were the relationship between the effects of ASF on crops, traditional management, local knowledge, and the conservation of natural resources. The Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) is the institution with the highest number of research works on the subject, mainly by scientists Alejandro Casas Fernandez and Isabel Moreno Calles, both individually and collaboratively. In conclusion, the number of publications on ASF increased during the time period studied, primarily in the area of food security.
目前，世界面临着一项复杂的任务，涉及粮食生产和长期消费的可持续平衡。应对这一挑战的一种方法是通过农林复合系统(ASF)。在国家一级，有关于这个问题的相关资料;然而，很少有研究试图分析农林业科学发展的趋势。从这个意义上说，建议每年增加与粮食安全和自然资源保护有关的ASF出版物的数量。本研究的目的是用文献计量学方法对1990年至2022年间发表在墨西哥Web of Science上的农林业研究进行定量分析。与农林复合系统有关的出版物有204种，在过去十年中增加了86%。在分析的科学期刊中，农林业系统和民族生物学和民族医学杂志的出版物和引用次数最多。32年来出版物中提到最多的术语是非洲猪瘟对作物的影响、传统管理、地方知识和自然资源保护之间的关系。墨西哥国立大学Autónoma (UNAM)在这方面的研究工作数量最多，主要是由科学家Alejandro Casas Fernandez和Isabel Moreno Calles单独或合作完成的。总之，在研究期间，非洲猪瘟的出版物数量有所增加，主要是在粮食安全领域。
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF AGROFORESTRY RESEARCH IN MEXICO: A BIBLIOMETRIC APPROACH","authors":"Daniel Alejandro Cadena-Zamudio, Pedro Cadena-Iñiguez, José Luis Arispe-Vázquez, David Heriberto Noriega-Cantú, Rocío Toledo-Aguilar, Juan Mayo-Hernández","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2884","url":null,"abstract":"The world is currently confronted with a complex task involving the sustainable balance of food production and long-term consumption. One way to face this challenge is through agroforestry systems (ASF). At the national level, there is relevant information on the subject; however, few studies have attempted to analyze trends in agroforestry scientific development over time. In this sense, it was proposed that the number of ASF publications related to food security and natural resource conservation increase on an annual basis. The objective of the present study was to perform a quantitative analysis of agroforestry research published between 1990 and 2022 from Web of Science in Mexico with a bibliometric approach. There were 204 publications related to agroforestry systems, recording an increase of 86 % in the last decade. Among the scientific journals analyzed, Agroforestry Systems and Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine registered the highest number of publications and citations. The most frequent terms mentioned in publications over 32 years were the relationship between the effects of ASF on crops, traditional management, local knowledge, and the conservation of natural resources. The Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) is the institution with the highest number of research works on the subject, mainly by scientists Alejandro Casas Fernandez and Isabel Moreno Calles, both individually and collaboratively. In conclusion, the number of publications on ASF increased during the time period studied, primarily in the area of food security.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134971026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2833
Jose Luis Cordero-Mora, Marco Antonio Ayala-Monter, German David Mendoza-Martínez, José Alfredo Martínez-Aispuro, Pedro Abel Hernández-García, Israel Martínez-Cruz
Enteric and respiratory infections cause lamb death during and after weaning, resulting in economic losses in intensive ovine production systems. These infections have been treated with antibiotics, but their inadequate use has resulted in bacterial resistance. Plant-derived secondary metabolites can be used as an alternative to antibiotics in lambs. We hypothesized that Animunin could improve lamb performance and immunological response during and after weaning. The objective of this study was to see how Animunin supplementation affected the profile of blood metabolites related to health status and weight changes in nursing lambs. The experimental design was completely randomized, with treatments consisting of supplementation with Animunin gel caps at doses of 0.0, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0 g d-1 for 60 d. Treatments were assigned at random to 40 male Hampshire x Suffolk nursing lambs (initial body weight (IBW) 10.8±2.6 kg, 25 d old). Weight at weaning (WW) was determined on day 83±2. During lactation, the lambs were offered pre-starter feed and water ad libitum, in addition to nursing. SAS GLM procedure was used to analyze the data. The level of polyherbal mixture had no effect on most blood components. However, as the dose of Animunin in the gel caps increased, glucose, urea, and creatinine levels decreased. In contrast, the levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the blood of lambs given the 1 g dose increased by 39.4 and 45.9 %, respectively, compared to lambs given 0 g. The final body weight and daily gain were not affected (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the phytogenic Animunin had hypoglycemic effects while having no affecting lamb growth.
肠道和呼吸道感染导致羔羊在断奶期间和断奶后死亡，给集约化羊生产系统造成经济损失。这些感染已经用抗生素治疗，但抗生素的使用不当导致了细菌耐药性。植物源次生代谢物可作为羔羊抗生素的替代品。我们推测羊粪蛋白可以改善羔羊断奶期间和断奶后的生产性能和免疫反应。本研究的目的是观察补充Animunin如何影响哺乳羔羊与健康状况和体重变化相关的血液代谢物。试验设计完全随机化，每组分别添加0.0、0.25、0.50和1.0 g d-1的Animunin凝胶帽，持续60 d。随机选取40只25日龄的汉普郡×萨福克公羔(初始体重10.8±2.6 kg)进行处理。第83±2天测定断奶体重(WW)。泌乳期间，除哺乳外，还给羔羊提供预开料和随意饮水。采用SAS GLM程序进行数据分析。复方对大部分血液成分无影响。然而，随着凝胶帽中Animunin剂量的增加，葡萄糖、尿素和肌酐水平下降。与0 g相比，1 g剂量羔羊血液中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)水平分别提高了39.4%和45.9%。最终体重和日增重不受影响(p >0.05)。综上所述，植物性Animunin具有降血糖作用，但不影响羔羊生长。
{"title":"EVALUATION OF AN HERBAL FEED SUPPLEMENT (ANIMUNIN POWDER®) IN NURSING LAMBS FOR GROWTH AND HEALTH","authors":"Jose Luis Cordero-Mora, Marco Antonio Ayala-Monter, German David Mendoza-Martínez, José Alfredo Martínez-Aispuro, Pedro Abel Hernández-García, Israel Martínez-Cruz","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2833","url":null,"abstract":"Enteric and respiratory infections cause lamb death during and after weaning, resulting in economic losses in intensive ovine production systems. These infections have been treated with antibiotics, but their inadequate use has resulted in bacterial resistance. Plant-derived secondary metabolites can be used as an alternative to antibiotics in lambs. We hypothesized that Animunin could improve lamb performance and immunological response during and after weaning. The objective of this study was to see how Animunin supplementation affected the profile of blood metabolites related to health status and weight changes in nursing lambs. The experimental design was completely randomized, with treatments consisting of supplementation with Animunin gel caps at doses of 0.0, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0 g d-1 for 60 d. Treatments were assigned at random to 40 male Hampshire x Suffolk nursing lambs (initial body weight (IBW) 10.8±2.6 kg, 25 d old). Weight at weaning (WW) was determined on day 83±2. During lactation, the lambs were offered pre-starter feed and water ad libitum, in addition to nursing. SAS GLM procedure was used to analyze the data. The level of polyherbal mixture had no effect on most blood components. However, as the dose of Animunin in the gel caps increased, glucose, urea, and creatinine levels decreased. In contrast, the levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the blood of lambs given the 1 g dose increased by 39.4 and 45.9 %, respectively, compared to lambs given 0 g. The final body weight and daily gain were not affected (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the phytogenic Animunin had hypoglycemic effects while having no affecting lamb growth.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134971025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2983
Arturo García-Saldaña, Arturo Pérez-Vázquez, Juan Pablo Martínez-Dávila, María del Refugio Castañeda-Chávez, Eugenio Carrillo-Ávila, Alejandro Alonso-López
In the state of Veracruz, Mexico, low sugarcane yields are reported despite the high use of inputs. This results in economic losses and environmental pollution. A fertigation system designed at the Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS) Campus Veracruz was established to determine the uniformity and stability of fertilizer distribution in the sugarcane crop. This study was carried out in a sugarcane plot with a farmer participant. Three levels of valve openings at the injector inlet (1/3, 2/3, and 3/3) were tested to determine the homogeneity of fertigation at the outlet of the gates and the stability of the system over time. Samples of water-fertilizer mixture were taken at the outlet of the gates. They were analyzed in the laboratory with a UV-visible spectrophotometer at 202 nm for nitrogen. It was found that the 1/3 and 3/3 valve position openings caused instability in the system. For the 2/3 opening with p = 0.359, no statistical difference (α= 0.05) was found during the time of emptying the container of the water-fertilizer mixture. Therefore, the fertigation system proved to be stable with a valve opening close to 2/3. Using the valve openings, the flow rate of water-fertilizer entering the system is uniformly mixed at the outlets of the multi-gate pipeline that pours into the crop furrows (p = 0.474 and α = 0.05). It can be concluded that in fertilization using a low-pressure irrigation system, nitrogen fertilizer is uniformly distributed when a Venturi type injector is used in a sugarcane agroecosystem with a valve opening close to 2/3.
{"title":"FERTIGATION DISTRIBUTION WITH LOW PRESSURE MULTIGATE IRRIGATION SYSTEMS IN A SUGARCANE AGROECOSYSTEM","authors":"Arturo García-Saldaña, Arturo Pérez-Vázquez, Juan Pablo Martínez-Dávila, María del Refugio Castañeda-Chávez, Eugenio Carrillo-Ávila, Alejandro Alonso-López","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2983","url":null,"abstract":"In the state of Veracruz, Mexico, low sugarcane yields are reported despite the high use of inputs. This results in economic losses and environmental pollution. A fertigation system designed at the Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS) Campus Veracruz was established to determine the uniformity and stability of fertilizer distribution in the sugarcane crop. This study was carried out in a sugarcane plot with a farmer participant. Three levels of valve openings at the injector inlet (1/3, 2/3, and 3/3) were tested to determine the homogeneity of fertigation at the outlet of the gates and the stability of the system over time. Samples of water-fertilizer mixture were taken at the outlet of the gates. They were analyzed in the laboratory with a UV-visible spectrophotometer at 202 nm for nitrogen. It was found that the 1/3 and 3/3 valve position openings caused instability in the system. For the 2/3 opening with p = 0.359, no statistical difference (α= 0.05) was found during the time of emptying the container of the water-fertilizer mixture. Therefore, the fertigation system proved to be stable with a valve opening close to 2/3. Using the valve openings, the flow rate of water-fertilizer entering the system is uniformly mixed at the outlets of the multi-gate pipeline that pours into the crop furrows (p = 0.474 and α = 0.05). It can be concluded that in fertilization using a low-pressure irrigation system, nitrogen fertilizer is uniformly distributed when a Venturi type injector is used in a sugarcane agroecosystem with a valve opening close to 2/3.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135047861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-06DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2915
Selene Pérez-Morales, María Magdalena Crosby-Galván, Mónica Ramírez-Mella, José Ricardo Bárcena-Gama, Omar Hernández-Mendo, Elsa Margarita Crosby-Galván
During the drought period in cattle pastures, the fruits of chote (Parmentiera aculeata (Kunth) L.O.) Williams are available, which are satisfactorily consumed by grazing ruminants. However, the nutritional value and ruminal availability of the dry matter of this fruit, to which nutritional properties are attributed, are unknown. The objective was to evaluate the degradation of chote fruit for inclusion in sheep diets using in situ degradation and to identify some physiological variables in the rumen. Six rumen fistulated lambs with a live weight of 30 ± 2 kg were adapted for 11 days to the following experimental diets: T 0: 0 % chote fruit; T 15: 15 % chote fruit, and T 30: 30 % chote fruit. In situ degradation of chote fruit was determined and experimental diets were analyzed with a 3 × 3 crossover design. The results show that after 3 and 6 h, chote fruit at T 30 presented greater degradation (p ≤ 0.05). After 24, 48, and 72 h, pH and ammonia nitrogen (N-NH3) showed no statistical differences (p > 0.05). The yields of acetic, propionic, and butyric acids were not different (p > 0.05) at T 15 (acetic acid = 77.81 mM L-1; propionic = 14.39 mM L-1; butyric = 0. 67 mM L-1) and T 30 (acetic acid = 77.21 mM L-1; propionic = 18.52 mM L-1; butyric = 8.97 mM L-1), but both were greater than T 0 (acetic = 62.03 mM L-1, propionic = 18.52 mM L-1, butyric = 9.27 mM L-1). In conclusion, the addition of 30 % chote to sheep diets increases degradation without affecting ruminal variables.
在干旱时期的牛牧场，chote (Parmentiera aculeata (Kunth) L.O.)的果实。这里有威廉姆斯，吃草的反刍动物很满意地吃掉了它。然而，这种水果的营养价值和干物质的瘤胃可利用性(其营养特性归因于此)尚不清楚。目的是利用原位降解法评估巧克力果在绵羊日粮中的降解情况，并确定瘤胃中的一些生理变量。选取6只活重为30±2 kg的瘤胃瘘管羔羊，试验日粮为:t0: 0%巧克力果;t15:15 %巧克力水果，t30:30 %巧克力水果。采用3 × 3交叉设计，测定了巧克力果的原位降解情况，并对试验饲粮进行了分析。结果表明，3 h和6 h后，t30的巧克力果降解程度最高(p≤0.05)。24、48和72 h后，pH和氨氮(N-NH3)无统计学差异(p >0.05)。乙酸、丙酸和丁酸的产率无显著差异(p >0.05)， t15(乙酸= 77.81 mM L-1;丙酸= 14.39 mM L-1;丁酸= 0。67 mM L-1)和t30(乙酸= 77.21 mM L-1;丙酸= 18.52 mM L-1;丁酸= 8.97 mM L-1)，但均大于T 0(乙酸= 62.03 mM L-1，丙酸= 18.52 mM L-1，丁酸= 9.27 mM L-1)。综上所述，在绵羊日粮中添加30% chote可提高降解率，但不影响瘤胃各项指标。
{"title":"CHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND in situ DEGRADATION OF DIETS PREPARED WITH AND WITHOUT FRUIT OF Parmentiera aculeata (Kunth) L.O. Williams IN SHEEP","authors":"Selene Pérez-Morales, María Magdalena Crosby-Galván, Mónica Ramírez-Mella, José Ricardo Bárcena-Gama, Omar Hernández-Mendo, Elsa Margarita Crosby-Galván","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2915","url":null,"abstract":"During the drought period in cattle pastures, the fruits of chote (Parmentiera aculeata (Kunth) L.O.) Williams are available, which are satisfactorily consumed by grazing ruminants. However, the nutritional value and ruminal availability of the dry matter of this fruit, to which nutritional properties are attributed, are unknown. The objective was to evaluate the degradation of chote fruit for inclusion in sheep diets using in situ degradation and to identify some physiological variables in the rumen. Six rumen fistulated lambs with a live weight of 30 ± 2 kg were adapted for 11 days to the following experimental diets: T 0: 0 % chote fruit; T 15: 15 % chote fruit, and T 30: 30 % chote fruit. In situ degradation of chote fruit was determined and experimental diets were analyzed with a 3 × 3 crossover design. The results show that after 3 and 6 h, chote fruit at T 30 presented greater degradation (p ≤ 0.05). After 24, 48, and 72 h, pH and ammonia nitrogen (N-NH3) showed no statistical differences (p > 0.05). The yields of acetic, propionic, and butyric acids were not different (p > 0.05) at T 15 (acetic acid = 77.81 mM L-1; propionic = 14.39 mM L-1; butyric = 0. 67 mM L-1) and T 30 (acetic acid = 77.21 mM L-1; propionic = 18.52 mM L-1; butyric = 8.97 mM L-1), but both were greater than T 0 (acetic = 62.03 mM L-1, propionic = 18.52 mM L-1, butyric = 9.27 mM L-1). In conclusion, the addition of 30 % chote to sheep diets increases degradation without affecting ruminal variables.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135204821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2839
José Primitivo Arroyo-Ortega, A. Macías-Duarte, C. Ortega-Rosas, O. G. Gutiérrez-Ruacho
Artificial food and water supplementation programs are common in Wildlife Conservation Management Units (UMAs) in arid northern Mexico to attract and retain mule deer as quality trophies. However, implementing these actions represents a high economic cost, and there is no convincing evidence of their effectiveness. This study evaluated the effect of food and water supplementation by capture-mark-recapture using camera traps at the UMA San Huberto, Sonora, Mexico. During the winter of 2015-2016, male mule deer counts and detection histories were collected at 62 photo-trapping stations spread across four supplementation treatments: 1) water and food, 2) water, 3) food, and 4) no supplementation. In addition, to assess the impact of natural vegetation on trough and feeder utilization on the ranch, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index was calculated using Landsat 8 satellite images. A log-Poisson regression model for deer counts per photo-trapping station found that food supplementation increased mule deer numbers by 42 % when compared to stations without food supplementation. Vegetation biomass had no effect on the frequency of use of feeders and waterers in any of the treatments. According to the multistate model for detection histories, male mule deer at waterers receiving food-only supplementation are more likely to remain in that treatment than to move to either of the other two treatments (water and feed or water). This finding suggests that food-only supplementation is more effective in retaining male mule deer.
在墨西哥北部干旱的野生动物保护管理单位(UMAs)，人工食物和水补充项目很常见，以吸引和留住骡鹿作为优质的战利品。然而，实施这些行动的经济成本很高，而且没有令人信服的证据证明其有效性。本研究在墨西哥索诺拉州的UMA San Huberto使用相机陷阱评估了通过捕捉-标记-再捕捉来补充食物和水的效果。2015-2016年冬季，在62个光捕获站收集雄性骡鹿数量和检测历史，分布在4种补充处理:1)水和食物、2)水、3)食物和4)不补充。此外，为了评估天然植被对牧场食槽和饲料利用的影响，利用Landsat 8卫星图像计算归一化植被差指数。每个捕光站鹿数的log-Poisson回归模型发现，与不补充食物的站点相比，食物补充使骡鹿数量增加了42%。在所有处理中，植被生物量对饲料和水的使用频率没有影响。根据检测历史的多状态模型，在只接受食物补充的水域中，雄性骡鹿更有可能留在该处理中，而不是转移到其他两种处理(水和饲料或水)中的任何一种。这一发现表明，只补充食物对保留雄性骡鹿更有效。
{"title":"FOOD SUPPLEMENTATION INCREASES MULE DEER (Odocoileus hemionus eremicus) RETENTION AT THE RANCHO SAN HUBERTO WILDLIFE CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT UNIT, SONORA, MEXICO","authors":"José Primitivo Arroyo-Ortega, A. Macías-Duarte, C. Ortega-Rosas, O. G. Gutiérrez-Ruacho","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2839","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial food and water supplementation programs are common in Wildlife Conservation Management Units (UMAs) in arid northern Mexico to attract and retain mule deer as quality trophies. However, implementing these actions represents a high economic cost, and there is no convincing evidence of their effectiveness. This study evaluated the effect of food and water supplementation by capture-mark-recapture using camera traps at the UMA San Huberto, Sonora, Mexico. During the winter of 2015-2016, male mule deer counts and detection histories were collected at 62 photo-trapping stations spread across four supplementation treatments: 1) water and food, 2) water, 3) food, and 4) no supplementation. In addition, to assess the impact of natural vegetation on trough and feeder utilization on the ranch, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index was calculated using Landsat 8 satellite images. A log-Poisson regression model for deer counts per photo-trapping station found that food supplementation increased mule deer numbers by 42 % when compared to stations without food supplementation. Vegetation biomass had no effect on the frequency of use of feeders and waterers in any of the treatments. According to the multistate model for detection histories, male mule deer at waterers receiving food-only supplementation are more likely to remain in that treatment than to move to either of the other two treatments (water and feed or water). This finding suggests that food-only supplementation is more effective in retaining male mule deer.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77823155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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