The objective of this study was to assess, during three years, the spatial arrangement that will enhance the morpho-productive development of Jatropha curcas L. in association systems with staple crops. It was hypothesized that the association of crops is a factor that determines the behavior of the species and the development of agroenergetic farms, considering rainy and low rainfall periods. A quasi-experimental design was used, and four treatments were tested: 1) J. curcas (Jc) in monoculture; 2) 50 % of the area with Jc and 50 % planted with food crops in rotation (CA); 3) Jc intercropped with CA; and 4) area planted with CA. A principal component statistical analysis was performed with the variables fruit yield and associated crop yield using 95 % confidence intervals from a Student’s t-test. The number of bunches and total fruit and seeds harvested from Jc were shown to be the most important and had a positive correlation for the first component in each period. As for fruit yield, the highest values were achieved in monoculture. Although high yields were not attained in CA, the relationship is regarded favorable since the use of polycultures is viable, fundamentally in the arrangement of 50 % Jc + 50 % CA, being positive the biological efficiency given by the diversification and the best equivalent land use.
本研究的目的是在三年时间里，评估在与主食作物的联合系统中，能促进麻疯树形态生产发展的空间布局。根据假设，考虑到多雨和少雨时期，作物的联合是决定物种行为和农业能源农场发展的一个因素。研究采用了准实验设计，测试了四种处理方法：1）单一种植卷柏（Jc）；2）50% 的面积种植卷柏，50% 的面积轮作种植粮食作物（CA）；3）卷柏与粮食作物间作；4）种植粮食作物的面积。对果实产量和相关作物产量变量进行了主成分统计分析，通过学生 t 检验得出 95% 的置信区间。结果表明，从 Jc 中收获的果穗数、果实和种子总数最为重要，并且与每个时期的第一个分量呈正相关。在果实产量方面，单一栽培的果实产量最高。虽然 CA 的产量不高，但两者之间的关系被认为是有利的，因为从根本上说，在 50 % Jc + 50 % CA 的安排下，使用多栽培技术是可行的，因为多样化和最佳等效土地利用所带来的生物效率是积极的。
{"title":"EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SPATIAL ARRANGEMENTS OF Jatropha curcas L. ON FOOD CROPS","authors":"Yolai Noda-Leyva, Giraldo Jesús Martín-Martín, Gloria M. Martín-Alonso, Arturo Perez vazquez","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v58i2.3019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v58i2.3019","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to assess, during three years, the spatial arrangement that will enhance the morpho-productive development of Jatropha curcas L. in association systems with staple crops. It was hypothesized that the association of crops is a factor that determines the behavior of the species and the development of agroenergetic farms, considering rainy and low rainfall periods. A quasi-experimental design was used, and four treatments were tested: 1) J. curcas (Jc) in monoculture; 2) 50 % of the area with Jc and 50 % planted with food crops in rotation (CA); 3) Jc intercropped with CA; and 4) area planted with CA. A principal component statistical analysis was performed with the variables fruit yield and associated crop yield using 95 % confidence intervals from a Student’s t-test. The number of bunches and total fruit and seeds harvested from Jc were shown to be the most important and had a positive correlation for the first component in each period. As for fruit yield, the highest values were achieved in monoculture. Although high yields were not attained in CA, the relationship is regarded favorable since the use of polycultures is viable, fundamentally in the arrangement of 50 % Jc + 50 % CA, being positive the biological efficiency given by the diversification and the best equivalent land use.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140225211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v58i2.2935
V. Volke-Haller, Iván Ortíz-Monasterio, Mariana Margarita Sánchez-Roldán, J. Etchevers-Barra
The use of excessive amounts of nitrogen fertilizers in crops usually results in nitrogen (N) losses, increasing environmental pollution and contributing to climate change, while also elevating crop production costs. This study aimed to determine in maize (Zea mays L.): (1) the economic optimal nitrogen rate (EONR), economic optimal yield (EOY), and N use efficiency (NUE) utilizing the current N/maize (grain) price ratio (N/MPR) for attainable yield levels; and (2) the effect of an increase in the N/MPR on the EONR, EOY, net income (NI), NUE, and the loss of N. Data from 140 maize response experiments to increasing rates of N, conducted between 2010 and 2019 across 18 states in Mexico under rainfed and irrigated conditions, were analyzed. In these experiments, the average maximum yields were 4.971 ± 2.716 Mg ha-1 under rainfed conditions and 11.776 ± 2.366 Mg ha-1 under irrigated conditions. The EONR, EOY, and NUE were determined with the current N/MPR for attainable yield levels. At these levels, both the EONR and NUE increased with higher EOY and decreased with increased yield without N treatment. An increase in N/MPR reduced EONR and its associated costs without significantly affecting EOY and NI. The reduction in EONR resulted in higher NUE and, consequently, lower N losses. By utilizing N/MRP in economic optimization, recommended N rates for maize can be reduced, leading to decreased N losses and environmental pollution.
{"title":"GENERATING NITROGEN RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MAIZE: ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS","authors":"V. Volke-Haller, Iván Ortíz-Monasterio, Mariana Margarita Sánchez-Roldán, J. Etchevers-Barra","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v58i2.2935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v58i2.2935","url":null,"abstract":"The use of excessive amounts of nitrogen fertilizers in crops usually results in nitrogen (N) losses, increasing environmental pollution and contributing to climate change, while also elevating crop production costs. This study aimed to determine in maize (Zea mays L.): (1) the economic optimal nitrogen rate (EONR), economic optimal yield (EOY), and N use efficiency (NUE) utilizing the current N/maize (grain) price ratio (N/MPR) for attainable yield levels; and (2) the effect of an increase in the N/MPR on the EONR, EOY, net income (NI), NUE, and the loss of N. Data from 140 maize response experiments to increasing rates of N, conducted between 2010 and 2019 across 18 states in Mexico under rainfed and irrigated conditions, were analyzed. In these experiments, the average maximum yields were 4.971 ± 2.716 Mg ha-1 under rainfed conditions and 11.776 ± 2.366 Mg ha-1 under irrigated conditions. The EONR, EOY, and NUE were determined with the current N/MPR for attainable yield levels. At these levels, both the EONR and NUE increased with higher EOY and decreased with increased yield without N treatment. An increase in N/MPR reduced EONR and its associated costs without significantly affecting EOY and NI. The reduction in EONR resulted in higher NUE and, consequently, lower N losses. By utilizing N/MRP in economic optimization, recommended N rates for maize can be reduced, leading to decreased N losses and environmental pollution.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140228850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-14DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v58i2.3023
Miguel Ángel Reyes-Radilla, G. H. Terrazas-González, Juan Romero-Padilla, Benito Ramírez-Valverde, Javier Suárez-Espinosa
Mexico is the world’s largest consumer of eggs, producing 3.05 million Mg in 2021. The high variation in wholesale prices is a feature of the egg production system, which is important to producers and government institutions that need to forecast future prices for activity planning. As a result, it is necessary to propose tools that can reliably predict egg prices. The goal of this paper was to compare the performance of various statistical models by analyzing the time series of egg prices using the Akaike index and forecast error to determine which model best predicts the wholesale price of white eggs. The models evaluated were the autoregressive integrated moving average model (ARIMA), ARIMA with interventions, ARIMA with transfers, and regression with ARIMA errors. Two time series were used: the wholesale price of white eggs, constructed with data from the National System of Information and Market Integration (SNIIM) and the Agrifood and Fisheries Information Service (SIAP), and egg imports, calculated with data from the Economic Information System. The latter was used as an exogenous variable to explain the price of eggs. Both cover the period from January 2006 to December 2021. According to the Akaike index, the model with the best adjustment was ARIMA (0,1,1)(1,0,1)[12] with interventions. In the evaluation of forecast error, the best models were the regression models with ARIMA (1,1,0)(1,0,1)[12] and ARIMA (1,1,0)(1,0,1)[12] errors with transfer.
{"title":"EVALUATING TIME SERIES PREDICTION MODELS: EGG PRICES IN MEXICO","authors":"Miguel Ángel Reyes-Radilla, G. H. Terrazas-González, Juan Romero-Padilla, Benito Ramírez-Valverde, Javier Suárez-Espinosa","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v58i2.3023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v58i2.3023","url":null,"abstract":"Mexico is the world’s largest consumer of eggs, producing 3.05 million Mg in 2021. The high variation in wholesale prices is a feature of the egg production system, which is important to producers and government institutions that need to forecast future prices for activity planning. As a result, it is necessary to propose tools that can reliably predict egg prices. The goal of this paper was to compare the performance of various statistical models by analyzing the time series of egg prices using the Akaike index and forecast error to determine which model best predicts the wholesale price of white eggs. The models evaluated were the autoregressive integrated moving average model (ARIMA), ARIMA with interventions, ARIMA with transfers, and regression with ARIMA errors. Two time series were used: the wholesale price of white eggs, constructed with data from the National System of Information and Market Integration (SNIIM) and the Agrifood and Fisheries Information Service (SIAP), and egg imports, calculated with data from the Economic Information System. The latter was used as an exogenous variable to explain the price of eggs. Both cover the period from January 2006 to December 2021. According to the Akaike index, the model with the best adjustment was ARIMA (0,1,1)(1,0,1)[12] with interventions. In the evaluation of forecast error, the best models were the regression models with ARIMA (1,1,0)(1,0,1)[12] and ARIMA (1,1,0)(1,0,1)[12] errors with transfer.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140241712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-05DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v58i2.2950
Mauricio Fernando Martínez, Diana Milena Rodríguez-Mora, Nubia Murcia-Riaño
Citrus is the second most important fruit crop in Colombia after bananas, with production taking place in 26 of the country’s 32 departments. Oranges, sour limes, and mandarins are the most economically important crops in terms of area planted and production. Microsatellites were used to assess the genetic differentiation of oranges, mandarins, tangelos, grapefruits, and acid limes from the Colombian Agricultural Research Corporation AGROSAVIA germplasm bank and collection of micro-grafted plants at Palmira Research Center in Colombia. A total of 121 samples from eight citrus groups were analyzed with 30 fluoromarked simple sequence repeats (SSR) microsatellites. The mean expected heterozygosity and mean observed heterozygosity were 0.58 and 0.57, respectively, and the coefficient of genetic differentiation was 0.558, confirming very high genetic differentiation among the citrus groups evaluated. Microsatellites mCrCIR01B02, AMB5, Ci01C09, mCrCIR08B08, and Ci01C07 were the most informative, presenting a high number of alleles and polymorphic loci percentages of more than 45 %; in addition, they allowed the identification of unique alleles, which can be used to establish the genetic fingerprint of citrus. Genetic differentiation was achieved for seven out of the eight groups evaluated. The SSRs used failed to differentiate the orange groups, possibly due to genetic origin; for this group, other molecular markers are recommended.
{"title":"GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION OF CULTIVATED CITRUS FRUITS (Citrus spp.) IN COLOMBIA USING SSR MOLECULAR MARKERS","authors":"Mauricio Fernando Martínez, Diana Milena Rodríguez-Mora, Nubia Murcia-Riaño","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v58i2.2950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v58i2.2950","url":null,"abstract":"Citrus is the second most important fruit crop in Colombia after bananas, with production taking place in 26 of the country’s 32 departments. Oranges, sour limes, and mandarins are the most economically important crops in terms of area planted and production. Microsatellites were used to assess the genetic differentiation of oranges, mandarins, tangelos, grapefruits, and acid limes from the Colombian Agricultural Research Corporation AGROSAVIA germplasm bank and collection of micro-grafted plants at Palmira Research Center in Colombia. A total of 121 samples from eight citrus groups were analyzed with 30 fluoromarked simple sequence repeats (SSR) microsatellites. The mean expected heterozygosity and mean observed heterozygosity were 0.58 and 0.57, respectively, and the coefficient of genetic differentiation was 0.558, confirming very high genetic differentiation among the citrus groups evaluated. Microsatellites mCrCIR01B02, AMB5, Ci01C09, mCrCIR08B08, and Ci01C07 were the most informative, presenting a high number of alleles and polymorphic loci percentages of more than 45 %; in addition, they allowed the identification of unique alleles, which can be used to establish the genetic fingerprint of citrus. Genetic differentiation was achieved for seven out of the eight groups evaluated. The SSRs used failed to differentiate the orange groups, possibly due to genetic origin; for this group, other molecular markers are recommended.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140265343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-05DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v58i2.2841
Lucila Márquez-Pallares, Juan Aguila-Muñoz, J. A. Honorato-Salazar, Sergio Rubén Trejo-Estrada
The pulque maguey is a perennial plant that provides several environmental benefits. Although its plantation has been drastically reduced, its primary economic and cultural use is the production of fermented, low-cost beverages. In this study, morphological and chemical analyses were conducted, which contribute to the knowledge that allows for the extraction of high-value products from pulque maguey biomass. The Agave salmiana varieties studied were Ayoteco (Ayo), Púa Larga (PL), Manso (Man), Chalqueño (Chal), Blanco Cenizo (BC), and Sha’mini (Sha), as well as a “Verde” variety known as Cosmimaco (VC). The data was analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test (α = 0.05), followed by multiple means comparison using the Tukey procedure (α = 0.05), the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test, and the Dunn-Bonferroni test (α = 0.05). In order to differentiate the agave varieties by their chemical compositions, a canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) was applied. The lipid percentage (1.1–1.7 %) and the cellulose content (61–71 %) were higher than those reported for other Agave species. The BC variety contains a high concentration of cellulose and the least amount of lignin, making it a viable option for the energy industry. The CDA identified two discriminant functions that explained 95 % of the variance between the A. salmiana species in this study: ash content and lignin content. The results indicate that the amount of cellulose in pulque maguey leaves is an option to obtain products with a higher commercial value.
{"title":"MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSES OF Agave salmiana VARIETIES","authors":"Lucila Márquez-Pallares, Juan Aguila-Muñoz, J. A. Honorato-Salazar, Sergio Rubén Trejo-Estrada","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v58i2.2841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v58i2.2841","url":null,"abstract":"The pulque maguey is a perennial plant that provides several environmental benefits. Although its plantation has been drastically reduced, its primary economic and cultural use is the production of fermented, low-cost beverages. In this study, morphological and chemical analyses were conducted, which contribute to the knowledge that allows for the extraction of high-value products from pulque maguey biomass. The Agave salmiana varieties studied were Ayoteco (Ayo), Púa Larga (PL), Manso (Man), Chalqueño (Chal), Blanco Cenizo (BC), and Sha’mini (Sha), as well as a “Verde” variety known as Cosmimaco (VC). The data was analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test (α = 0.05), followed by multiple means comparison using the Tukey procedure (α = 0.05), the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test, and the Dunn-Bonferroni test (α = 0.05). In order to differentiate the agave varieties by their chemical compositions, a canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) was applied. The lipid percentage (1.1–1.7 %) and the cellulose content (61–71 %) were higher than those reported for other Agave species. The BC variety contains a high concentration of cellulose and the least amount of lignin, making it a viable option for the energy industry. The CDA identified two discriminant functions that explained 95 % of the variance between the A. salmiana species in this study: ash content and lignin content. The results indicate that the amount of cellulose in pulque maguey leaves is an option to obtain products with a higher commercial value.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140078916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-13DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v58i1.2957
X. De Jesús-Martínez, N. Rivero-Pérez, M. González-Cortázar, J. Olivares-Pérez, A. Zamilpa, Adrian Zaragoza-Bastida, P. Mendoza-de Gives, Saúl Rojas-Hernández, G. Flores‐Franco, A. Olmedo-Juárez
This study evaluated the ovicidal and larvicidal effects of a hydroalcoholic extract (HAE) and two fractions—one aqueous (Aq-F) and the other organic (EtOAc-F)—from dehydrated Cyrtocarpa procera leaves on Haemonchus contortus. In addition, the primary compounds in the HAE and the fractions were identified. The egg hatching inhibition (% EHI) and L3 larval mortality (% Mortality) tests were performed. The treatments used in the EHI test were HAE (12.5–200 mg mL-1), Aq-F (5 and 10 mg mL-1), and EtOAc-F (0.62–10 mg mL-1); for larval mortality, HAE (50–200 mg mL-1), Aq-F (20–40 mg mL-1), and EtOAc-F (2.5–40 mg mL-1). Thiabendazole (0.1 mg mL-1) and ivermectin (5 mg mL-1) were used as positive controls, while methanol (3 %) and distilled water were negative controls. The results were analyzed using a completely randomized design and an ANOVA. The main compounds in the extract and fractions were identified using high-performance liquid chromatography. The HAE had a 100 % ovicidal effect at the highest concentration tested, while EtOAc-F had a nearly 100 % ovicidal effect at 1.25 mg mL-1, and Aq-F displayed the lowest ovicidal effect. Regarding larval mortality, the HAE exerted a larvicidal effect close to 80 % at 100 mg mL-1, while EtOAc-F displayed a larval mortality of 71.47 % at 20 mg mL-1. The chemical analysis indicated the presence of gallic acid, derivatives of gallic acid (gallates), kaempferol rutinoside, quercetin glycoside, and luteolin glycoside. This study shows evidence of the ovicidal and larvicidal properties of C. procera, which could make it useful as a natural anthelmintic in the control of H. contortus.
{"title":"OVICIDAL AND LARVICIDAL EFFECTS OF A HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT FROM Cyrtocarpa procera LEAVES AGAINST Haemonchus contortus","authors":"X. De Jesús-Martínez, N. Rivero-Pérez, M. González-Cortázar, J. Olivares-Pérez, A. Zamilpa, Adrian Zaragoza-Bastida, P. Mendoza-de Gives, Saúl Rojas-Hernández, G. Flores‐Franco, A. Olmedo-Juárez","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v58i1.2957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v58i1.2957","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the ovicidal and larvicidal effects of a hydroalcoholic extract (HAE) and two fractions—one aqueous (Aq-F) and the other organic (EtOAc-F)—from dehydrated Cyrtocarpa procera leaves on Haemonchus contortus. In addition, the primary compounds in the HAE and the fractions were identified. The egg hatching inhibition (% EHI) and L3 larval mortality (% Mortality) tests were performed. The treatments used in the EHI test were HAE (12.5–200 mg mL-1), Aq-F (5 and 10 mg mL-1), and EtOAc-F (0.62–10 mg mL-1); for larval mortality, HAE (50–200 mg mL-1), Aq-F (20–40 mg mL-1), and EtOAc-F (2.5–40 mg mL-1). Thiabendazole (0.1 mg mL-1) and ivermectin (5 mg mL-1) were used as positive controls, while methanol (3 %) and distilled water were negative controls. The results were analyzed using a completely randomized design and an ANOVA. The main compounds in the extract and fractions were identified using high-performance liquid chromatography. The HAE had a 100 % ovicidal effect at the highest concentration tested, while EtOAc-F had a nearly 100 % ovicidal effect at 1.25 mg mL-1, and Aq-F displayed the lowest ovicidal effect. Regarding larval mortality, the HAE exerted a larvicidal effect close to 80 % at 100 mg mL-1, while EtOAc-F displayed a larval mortality of 71.47 % at 20 mg mL-1. The chemical analysis indicated the presence of gallic acid, derivatives of gallic acid (gallates), kaempferol rutinoside, quercetin glycoside, and luteolin glycoside. This study shows evidence of the ovicidal and larvicidal properties of C. procera, which could make it useful as a natural anthelmintic in the control of H. contortus.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139841920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v58i1.2730
Betzabel Beristain-López, C. Sosa-Villalobos, S. Partida-Sedas, I. Galaviz-Villa
Poultry slaughterhouses discharge large quantities of effluents that can be treated biologically. The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of an upflow anaerobic filter (UAF) with effluents from a poultry slaughterhouse, using volcanic stone (tezontle) as a support medium. Effluent characterization was carried out in accordance with Mexican official standards and standard methods. The support medium was inoculated with activated sludge from an urban wastewater treatment plant. The filter was operated in continuous flow with applied volumetric loads (AVL) of 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 kg COD m-3 d-1 and hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 5.8, 3.8, 2.9, 2.3, and 1.9 days. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed, and significant differences were determined for each AVL using the Krustall-Wallis method. The results obtained in the gradually applied AVL were 26.1, 53.2, 40.1, 17, and 49.7 % COD removal. However, in the AVL of 2 and 2.5 kg COD m-3 d-1, there was a decrease in the removal, which is attributed to the destabilization of the system due to the increase in loads. The maximum methane production was 125 mL at an AVL of 3 kg COD m-3 d-1, with a methane yield (YCH4) of 0.082 LCH4 g-1 COD-1rem. With no increase in methane production at each AVL, the theoretical yield of 0.328 LCH4 g-1 COD-1rem. was not met. The upflow anaerobic filter demonstrated its efficiency with a poultry effluent, with maximum COD removal greater than 50 %; however, more acclimatization time is required for the formation of biofilm in the support medium, a pretreatment that removes the high organic load and allows for gradual biogas production.
{"title":"EFFICIENCY OF AN UPFLOW ANAEROBIC FILTER FOR POULTRY EFFLUENT TREATMENT","authors":"Betzabel Beristain-López, C. Sosa-Villalobos, S. Partida-Sedas, I. Galaviz-Villa","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v58i1.2730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v58i1.2730","url":null,"abstract":"Poultry slaughterhouses discharge large quantities of effluents that can be treated biologically. The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of an upflow anaerobic filter (UAF) with effluents from a poultry slaughterhouse, using volcanic stone (tezontle) as a support medium. Effluent characterization was carried out in accordance with Mexican official standards and standard methods. The support medium was inoculated with activated sludge from an urban wastewater treatment plant. The filter was operated in continuous flow with applied volumetric loads (AVL) of 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 kg COD m-3 d-1 and hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 5.8, 3.8, 2.9, 2.3, and 1.9 days. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed, and significant differences were determined for each AVL using the Krustall-Wallis method. The results obtained in the gradually applied AVL were 26.1, 53.2, 40.1, 17, and 49.7 % COD removal. However, in the AVL of 2 and 2.5 kg COD m-3 d-1, there was a decrease in the removal, which is attributed to the destabilization of the system due to the increase in loads. The maximum methane production was 125 mL at an AVL of 3 kg COD m-3 d-1, with a methane yield (YCH4) of 0.082 LCH4 g-1 COD-1rem. With no increase in methane production at each AVL, the theoretical yield of 0.328 LCH4 g-1 COD-1rem. was not met. The upflow anaerobic filter demonstrated its efficiency with a poultry effluent, with maximum COD removal greater than 50 %; however, more acclimatization time is required for the formation of biofilm in the support medium, a pretreatment that removes the high organic load and allows for gradual biogas production.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139850497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v58i1.2730
Betzabel Beristain-López, C. Sosa-Villalobos, S. Partida-Sedas, I. Galaviz-Villa
Poultry slaughterhouses discharge large quantities of effluents that can be treated biologically. The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of an upflow anaerobic filter (UAF) with effluents from a poultry slaughterhouse, using volcanic stone (tezontle) as a support medium. Effluent characterization was carried out in accordance with Mexican official standards and standard methods. The support medium was inoculated with activated sludge from an urban wastewater treatment plant. The filter was operated in continuous flow with applied volumetric loads (AVL) of 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 kg COD m-3 d-1 and hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 5.8, 3.8, 2.9, 2.3, and 1.9 days. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed, and significant differences were determined for each AVL using the Krustall-Wallis method. The results obtained in the gradually applied AVL were 26.1, 53.2, 40.1, 17, and 49.7 % COD removal. However, in the AVL of 2 and 2.5 kg COD m-3 d-1, there was a decrease in the removal, which is attributed to the destabilization of the system due to the increase in loads. The maximum methane production was 125 mL at an AVL of 3 kg COD m-3 d-1, with a methane yield (YCH4) of 0.082 LCH4 g-1 COD-1rem. With no increase in methane production at each AVL, the theoretical yield of 0.328 LCH4 g-1 COD-1rem. was not met. The upflow anaerobic filter demonstrated its efficiency with a poultry effluent, with maximum COD removal greater than 50 %; however, more acclimatization time is required for the formation of biofilm in the support medium, a pretreatment that removes the high organic load and allows for gradual biogas production.
{"title":"EFFICIENCY OF AN UPFLOW ANAEROBIC FILTER FOR POULTRY EFFLUENT TREATMENT","authors":"Betzabel Beristain-López, C. Sosa-Villalobos, S. Partida-Sedas, I. Galaviz-Villa","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v58i1.2730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v58i1.2730","url":null,"abstract":"Poultry slaughterhouses discharge large quantities of effluents that can be treated biologically. The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of an upflow anaerobic filter (UAF) with effluents from a poultry slaughterhouse, using volcanic stone (tezontle) as a support medium. Effluent characterization was carried out in accordance with Mexican official standards and standard methods. The support medium was inoculated with activated sludge from an urban wastewater treatment plant. The filter was operated in continuous flow with applied volumetric loads (AVL) of 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 kg COD m-3 d-1 and hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 5.8, 3.8, 2.9, 2.3, and 1.9 days. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed, and significant differences were determined for each AVL using the Krustall-Wallis method. The results obtained in the gradually applied AVL were 26.1, 53.2, 40.1, 17, and 49.7 % COD removal. However, in the AVL of 2 and 2.5 kg COD m-3 d-1, there was a decrease in the removal, which is attributed to the destabilization of the system due to the increase in loads. The maximum methane production was 125 mL at an AVL of 3 kg COD m-3 d-1, with a methane yield (YCH4) of 0.082 LCH4 g-1 COD-1rem. With no increase in methane production at each AVL, the theoretical yield of 0.328 LCH4 g-1 COD-1rem. was not met. The upflow anaerobic filter demonstrated its efficiency with a poultry effluent, with maximum COD removal greater than 50 %; however, more acclimatization time is required for the formation of biofilm in the support medium, a pretreatment that removes the high organic load and allows for gradual biogas production.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139790824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v58i1.2727
L. A. Galindo-Segura, Arturo Pérez-Vázquez, Alejandra Ramírez-Martínez, Gustavo López-Romero, F. C. Gómez-Merino
The orange juice production industry in Veracruz generates a large amount of peel waste, which is both an economic and environmental problem. One way to repurpose these residues is to create biochar, which can be used in agriculture to improve fertility and crop productivity. The aim was to determine how the addition of orange biochar affected the physical and chemical properties of different soils, as well as corn growth (Zea mays L.). The experimental design was completely randomized in factorial arrangement (3 x 4): three soil types (clay loam, sandy, and sandy loam), four biochar doses (0, 18, 90, and 180 equivalent to Mg ha-1), and nine replicates per treatment (n = 108). The highest biochar dose presented significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in almost all soil physical and chemical variables, except for moisture holding capacity, which varied significantly only in the sandy loam soil with the medium and high doses. In the clay loam soil, the higher dose significantly reduced stem width, aerial biomass, and leaf area. In sandy soil, the medium dose increased stem height and root biomass. In addition, in the sandy loam soil, the highest dose increased stem height and width. The remaining growth variables showed no significant differences between doses or soil types. In conclusion, the use of this biochar altered the physical and chemical properties of the three different soils, as well as having a significant impact on some maize growth variables.
{"title":"EFFECT OF ORANGE PEEL BIOCHAR ON THE FERTILITY OF THREE TYPES OF SOIL","authors":"L. A. Galindo-Segura, Arturo Pérez-Vázquez, Alejandra Ramírez-Martínez, Gustavo López-Romero, F. C. Gómez-Merino","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v58i1.2727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v58i1.2727","url":null,"abstract":"The orange juice production industry in Veracruz generates a large amount of peel waste, which is both an economic and environmental problem. One way to repurpose these residues is to create biochar, which can be used in agriculture to improve fertility and crop productivity. The aim was to determine how the addition of orange biochar affected the physical and chemical properties of different soils, as well as corn growth (Zea mays L.). The experimental design was completely randomized in factorial arrangement (3 x 4): three soil types (clay loam, sandy, and sandy loam), four biochar doses (0, 18, 90, and 180 equivalent to Mg ha-1), and nine replicates per treatment (n = 108). The highest biochar dose presented significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in almost all soil physical and chemical variables, except for moisture holding capacity, which varied significantly only in the sandy loam soil with the medium and high doses. In the clay loam soil, the higher dose significantly reduced stem width, aerial biomass, and leaf area. In sandy soil, the medium dose increased stem height and root biomass. In addition, in the sandy loam soil, the highest dose increased stem height and width. The remaining growth variables showed no significant differences between doses or soil types. In conclusion, the use of this biochar altered the physical and chemical properties of the three different soils, as well as having a significant impact on some maize growth variables.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139848803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v58i1.2727
L. A. Galindo-Segura, Arturo Pérez-Vázquez, Alejandra Ramírez-Martínez, Gustavo López-Romero, F. C. Gómez-Merino
The orange juice production industry in Veracruz generates a large amount of peel waste, which is both an economic and environmental problem. One way to repurpose these residues is to create biochar, which can be used in agriculture to improve fertility and crop productivity. The aim was to determine how the addition of orange biochar affected the physical and chemical properties of different soils, as well as corn growth (Zea mays L.). The experimental design was completely randomized in factorial arrangement (3 x 4): three soil types (clay loam, sandy, and sandy loam), four biochar doses (0, 18, 90, and 180 equivalent to Mg ha-1), and nine replicates per treatment (n = 108). The highest biochar dose presented significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in almost all soil physical and chemical variables, except for moisture holding capacity, which varied significantly only in the sandy loam soil with the medium and high doses. In the clay loam soil, the higher dose significantly reduced stem width, aerial biomass, and leaf area. In sandy soil, the medium dose increased stem height and root biomass. In addition, in the sandy loam soil, the highest dose increased stem height and width. The remaining growth variables showed no significant differences between doses or soil types. In conclusion, the use of this biochar altered the physical and chemical properties of the three different soils, as well as having a significant impact on some maize growth variables.
{"title":"EFFECT OF ORANGE PEEL BIOCHAR ON THE FERTILITY OF THREE TYPES OF SOIL","authors":"L. A. Galindo-Segura, Arturo Pérez-Vázquez, Alejandra Ramírez-Martínez, Gustavo López-Romero, F. C. Gómez-Merino","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v58i1.2727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v58i1.2727","url":null,"abstract":"The orange juice production industry in Veracruz generates a large amount of peel waste, which is both an economic and environmental problem. One way to repurpose these residues is to create biochar, which can be used in agriculture to improve fertility and crop productivity. The aim was to determine how the addition of orange biochar affected the physical and chemical properties of different soils, as well as corn growth (Zea mays L.). The experimental design was completely randomized in factorial arrangement (3 x 4): three soil types (clay loam, sandy, and sandy loam), four biochar doses (0, 18, 90, and 180 equivalent to Mg ha-1), and nine replicates per treatment (n = 108). The highest biochar dose presented significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in almost all soil physical and chemical variables, except for moisture holding capacity, which varied significantly only in the sandy loam soil with the medium and high doses. In the clay loam soil, the higher dose significantly reduced stem width, aerial biomass, and leaf area. In sandy soil, the medium dose increased stem height and root biomass. In addition, in the sandy loam soil, the highest dose increased stem height and width. The remaining growth variables showed no significant differences between doses or soil types. In conclusion, the use of this biochar altered the physical and chemical properties of the three different soils, as well as having a significant impact on some maize growth variables.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139788740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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