Pub Date : 2023-09-19DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2570
Gilberto Rodríguez-Pérez, Felipe de Jesús Reynaga-Franco, Francisco Cadena-Cadena, Francisco Cervantes-Ortiz, Alfredo Josué Gámez-Vázquez, Miguel Ángel Ávila-Perches, Netzahualcóyotl Mayek-Pérez, Alejandro García-Ramírez
In plant breeding, genotype behavior analysis under different development conditions and years of evaluation allows for the identification of desirable individuals. In this study, forage biomass production of 20 elite lines of spring habit triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) determined over a two-year evaluation period. The research was conducted in autumn-winter seasons of 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 in Celaya, Guanajuato, Mexico. It was carried out using a randomized complete block experimental design with three replications per year and combined analysis. The experimental unit included two furrows in an area of 8.0 m2. The variables measured were those related to green and dry forage yield, number of stems, number of leaves, and plant height in the milky-mass stage. Lines L-3, L-9, and L-4 showed higher averages of green and dry forage, more stems and leaves, increased plant height, and presented a late cycle; L-18, L-20, and L-19 yielded less, with a tendency to earlier and smaller plant size. The combined analysis revealed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05); the biplot showed that lines L-17, L-5, L-9, L-20, L-4, and L-19 had higher production in the first year of evaluation for green and dry forage, number of stems, as well as a higher number of leaves.
{"title":"BIOMASS PRODUCTION IN SPRING HABIT TRITICALE (X Triticosecale Wittmack) ELITE LINES","authors":"Gilberto Rodríguez-Pérez, Felipe de Jesús Reynaga-Franco, Francisco Cadena-Cadena, Francisco Cervantes-Ortiz, Alfredo Josué Gámez-Vázquez, Miguel Ángel Ávila-Perches, Netzahualcóyotl Mayek-Pérez, Alejandro García-Ramírez","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2570","url":null,"abstract":"In plant breeding, genotype behavior analysis under different development conditions and years of evaluation allows for the identification of desirable individuals. In this study, forage biomass production of 20 elite lines of spring habit triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) determined over a two-year evaluation period. The research was conducted in autumn-winter seasons of 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 in Celaya, Guanajuato, Mexico. It was carried out using a randomized complete block experimental design with three replications per year and combined analysis. The experimental unit included two furrows in an area of 8.0 m2. The variables measured were those related to green and dry forage yield, number of stems, number of leaves, and plant height in the milky-mass stage. Lines L-3, L-9, and L-4 showed higher averages of green and dry forage, more stems and leaves, increased plant height, and presented a late cycle; L-18, L-20, and L-19 yielded less, with a tendency to earlier and smaller plant size. The combined analysis revealed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05); the biplot showed that lines L-17, L-5, L-9, L-20, L-4, and L-19 had higher production in the first year of evaluation for green and dry forage, number of stems, as well as a higher number of leaves.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135063135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2884
Daniel Alejandro Cadena-Zamudio, Pedro Cadena-Iñiguez, José Luis Arispe-Vázquez, David Heriberto Noriega-Cantú, Rocío Toledo-Aguilar, Juan Mayo-Hernández
The world is currently confronted with a complex task involving the sustainable balance of food production and long-term consumption. One way to face this challenge is through agroforestry systems (ASF). At the national level, there is relevant information on the subject; however, few studies have attempted to analyze trends in agroforestry scientific development over time. In this sense, it was proposed that the number of ASF publications related to food security and natural resource conservation increase on an annual basis. The objective of the present study was to perform a quantitative analysis of agroforestry research published between 1990 and 2022 from Web of Science in Mexico with a bibliometric approach. There were 204 publications related to agroforestry systems, recording an increase of 86 % in the last decade. Among the scientific journals analyzed, Agroforestry Systems and Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine registered the highest number of publications and citations. The most frequent terms mentioned in publications over 32 years were the relationship between the effects of ASF on crops, traditional management, local knowledge, and the conservation of natural resources. The Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) is the institution with the highest number of research works on the subject, mainly by scientists Alejandro Casas Fernandez and Isabel Moreno Calles, both individually and collaboratively. In conclusion, the number of publications on ASF increased during the time period studied, primarily in the area of food security.
目前，世界面临着一项复杂的任务，涉及粮食生产和长期消费的可持续平衡。应对这一挑战的一种方法是通过农林复合系统(ASF)。在国家一级，有关于这个问题的相关资料;然而，很少有研究试图分析农林业科学发展的趋势。从这个意义上说，建议每年增加与粮食安全和自然资源保护有关的ASF出版物的数量。本研究的目的是用文献计量学方法对1990年至2022年间发表在墨西哥Web of Science上的农林业研究进行定量分析。与农林复合系统有关的出版物有204种，在过去十年中增加了86%。在分析的科学期刊中，农林业系统和民族生物学和民族医学杂志的出版物和引用次数最多。32年来出版物中提到最多的术语是非洲猪瘟对作物的影响、传统管理、地方知识和自然资源保护之间的关系。墨西哥国立大学Autónoma (UNAM)在这方面的研究工作数量最多，主要是由科学家Alejandro Casas Fernandez和Isabel Moreno Calles单独或合作完成的。总之，在研究期间，非洲猪瘟的出版物数量有所增加，主要是在粮食安全领域。
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF AGROFORESTRY RESEARCH IN MEXICO: A BIBLIOMETRIC APPROACH","authors":"Daniel Alejandro Cadena-Zamudio, Pedro Cadena-Iñiguez, José Luis Arispe-Vázquez, David Heriberto Noriega-Cantú, Rocío Toledo-Aguilar, Juan Mayo-Hernández","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2884","url":null,"abstract":"The world is currently confronted with a complex task involving the sustainable balance of food production and long-term consumption. One way to face this challenge is through agroforestry systems (ASF). At the national level, there is relevant information on the subject; however, few studies have attempted to analyze trends in agroforestry scientific development over time. In this sense, it was proposed that the number of ASF publications related to food security and natural resource conservation increase on an annual basis. The objective of the present study was to perform a quantitative analysis of agroforestry research published between 1990 and 2022 from Web of Science in Mexico with a bibliometric approach. There were 204 publications related to agroforestry systems, recording an increase of 86 % in the last decade. Among the scientific journals analyzed, Agroforestry Systems and Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine registered the highest number of publications and citations. The most frequent terms mentioned in publications over 32 years were the relationship between the effects of ASF on crops, traditional management, local knowledge, and the conservation of natural resources. The Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) is the institution with the highest number of research works on the subject, mainly by scientists Alejandro Casas Fernandez and Isabel Moreno Calles, both individually and collaboratively. In conclusion, the number of publications on ASF increased during the time period studied, primarily in the area of food security.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134971026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2833
Jose Luis Cordero-Mora, Marco Antonio Ayala-Monter, German David Mendoza-Martínez, José Alfredo Martínez-Aispuro, Pedro Abel Hernández-García, Israel Martínez-Cruz
Enteric and respiratory infections cause lamb death during and after weaning, resulting in economic losses in intensive ovine production systems. These infections have been treated with antibiotics, but their inadequate use has resulted in bacterial resistance. Plant-derived secondary metabolites can be used as an alternative to antibiotics in lambs. We hypothesized that Animunin could improve lamb performance and immunological response during and after weaning. The objective of this study was to see how Animunin supplementation affected the profile of blood metabolites related to health status and weight changes in nursing lambs. The experimental design was completely randomized, with treatments consisting of supplementation with Animunin gel caps at doses of 0.0, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0 g d-1 for 60 d. Treatments were assigned at random to 40 male Hampshire x Suffolk nursing lambs (initial body weight (IBW) 10.8±2.6 kg, 25 d old). Weight at weaning (WW) was determined on day 83±2. During lactation, the lambs were offered pre-starter feed and water ad libitum, in addition to nursing. SAS GLM procedure was used to analyze the data. The level of polyherbal mixture had no effect on most blood components. However, as the dose of Animunin in the gel caps increased, glucose, urea, and creatinine levels decreased. In contrast, the levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the blood of lambs given the 1 g dose increased by 39.4 and 45.9 %, respectively, compared to lambs given 0 g. The final body weight and daily gain were not affected (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the phytogenic Animunin had hypoglycemic effects while having no affecting lamb growth.
肠道和呼吸道感染导致羔羊在断奶期间和断奶后死亡，给集约化羊生产系统造成经济损失。这些感染已经用抗生素治疗，但抗生素的使用不当导致了细菌耐药性。植物源次生代谢物可作为羔羊抗生素的替代品。我们推测羊粪蛋白可以改善羔羊断奶期间和断奶后的生产性能和免疫反应。本研究的目的是观察补充Animunin如何影响哺乳羔羊与健康状况和体重变化相关的血液代谢物。试验设计完全随机化，每组分别添加0.0、0.25、0.50和1.0 g d-1的Animunin凝胶帽，持续60 d。随机选取40只25日龄的汉普郡×萨福克公羔(初始体重10.8±2.6 kg)进行处理。第83±2天测定断奶体重(WW)。泌乳期间，除哺乳外，还给羔羊提供预开料和随意饮水。采用SAS GLM程序进行数据分析。复方对大部分血液成分无影响。然而，随着凝胶帽中Animunin剂量的增加，葡萄糖、尿素和肌酐水平下降。与0 g相比，1 g剂量羔羊血液中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)水平分别提高了39.4%和45.9%。最终体重和日增重不受影响(p >0.05)。综上所述，植物性Animunin具有降血糖作用，但不影响羔羊生长。
{"title":"EVALUATION OF AN HERBAL FEED SUPPLEMENT (ANIMUNIN POWDER®) IN NURSING LAMBS FOR GROWTH AND HEALTH","authors":"Jose Luis Cordero-Mora, Marco Antonio Ayala-Monter, German David Mendoza-Martínez, José Alfredo Martínez-Aispuro, Pedro Abel Hernández-García, Israel Martínez-Cruz","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2833","url":null,"abstract":"Enteric and respiratory infections cause lamb death during and after weaning, resulting in economic losses in intensive ovine production systems. These infections have been treated with antibiotics, but their inadequate use has resulted in bacterial resistance. Plant-derived secondary metabolites can be used as an alternative to antibiotics in lambs. We hypothesized that Animunin could improve lamb performance and immunological response during and after weaning. The objective of this study was to see how Animunin supplementation affected the profile of blood metabolites related to health status and weight changes in nursing lambs. The experimental design was completely randomized, with treatments consisting of supplementation with Animunin gel caps at doses of 0.0, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0 g d-1 for 60 d. Treatments were assigned at random to 40 male Hampshire x Suffolk nursing lambs (initial body weight (IBW) 10.8±2.6 kg, 25 d old). Weight at weaning (WW) was determined on day 83±2. During lactation, the lambs were offered pre-starter feed and water ad libitum, in addition to nursing. SAS GLM procedure was used to analyze the data. The level of polyherbal mixture had no effect on most blood components. However, as the dose of Animunin in the gel caps increased, glucose, urea, and creatinine levels decreased. In contrast, the levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the blood of lambs given the 1 g dose increased by 39.4 and 45.9 %, respectively, compared to lambs given 0 g. The final body weight and daily gain were not affected (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the phytogenic Animunin had hypoglycemic effects while having no affecting lamb growth.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134971025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2983
Arturo García-Saldaña, Arturo Pérez-Vázquez, Juan Pablo Martínez-Dávila, María del Refugio Castañeda-Chávez, Eugenio Carrillo-Ávila, Alejandro Alonso-López
In the state of Veracruz, Mexico, low sugarcane yields are reported despite the high use of inputs. This results in economic losses and environmental pollution. A fertigation system designed at the Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS) Campus Veracruz was established to determine the uniformity and stability of fertilizer distribution in the sugarcane crop. This study was carried out in a sugarcane plot with a farmer participant. Three levels of valve openings at the injector inlet (1/3, 2/3, and 3/3) were tested to determine the homogeneity of fertigation at the outlet of the gates and the stability of the system over time. Samples of water-fertilizer mixture were taken at the outlet of the gates. They were analyzed in the laboratory with a UV-visible spectrophotometer at 202 nm for nitrogen. It was found that the 1/3 and 3/3 valve position openings caused instability in the system. For the 2/3 opening with p = 0.359, no statistical difference (α= 0.05) was found during the time of emptying the container of the water-fertilizer mixture. Therefore, the fertigation system proved to be stable with a valve opening close to 2/3. Using the valve openings, the flow rate of water-fertilizer entering the system is uniformly mixed at the outlets of the multi-gate pipeline that pours into the crop furrows (p = 0.474 and α = 0.05). It can be concluded that in fertilization using a low-pressure irrigation system, nitrogen fertilizer is uniformly distributed when a Venturi type injector is used in a sugarcane agroecosystem with a valve opening close to 2/3.
{"title":"FERTIGATION DISTRIBUTION WITH LOW PRESSURE MULTIGATE IRRIGATION SYSTEMS IN A SUGARCANE AGROECOSYSTEM","authors":"Arturo García-Saldaña, Arturo Pérez-Vázquez, Juan Pablo Martínez-Dávila, María del Refugio Castañeda-Chávez, Eugenio Carrillo-Ávila, Alejandro Alonso-López","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2983","url":null,"abstract":"In the state of Veracruz, Mexico, low sugarcane yields are reported despite the high use of inputs. This results in economic losses and environmental pollution. A fertigation system designed at the Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS) Campus Veracruz was established to determine the uniformity and stability of fertilizer distribution in the sugarcane crop. This study was carried out in a sugarcane plot with a farmer participant. Three levels of valve openings at the injector inlet (1/3, 2/3, and 3/3) were tested to determine the homogeneity of fertigation at the outlet of the gates and the stability of the system over time. Samples of water-fertilizer mixture were taken at the outlet of the gates. They were analyzed in the laboratory with a UV-visible spectrophotometer at 202 nm for nitrogen. It was found that the 1/3 and 3/3 valve position openings caused instability in the system. For the 2/3 opening with p = 0.359, no statistical difference (α= 0.05) was found during the time of emptying the container of the water-fertilizer mixture. Therefore, the fertigation system proved to be stable with a valve opening close to 2/3. Using the valve openings, the flow rate of water-fertilizer entering the system is uniformly mixed at the outlets of the multi-gate pipeline that pours into the crop furrows (p = 0.474 and α = 0.05). It can be concluded that in fertilization using a low-pressure irrigation system, nitrogen fertilizer is uniformly distributed when a Venturi type injector is used in a sugarcane agroecosystem with a valve opening close to 2/3.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135047861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-06DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2915
Selene Pérez-Morales, María Magdalena Crosby-Galván, Mónica Ramírez-Mella, José Ricardo Bárcena-Gama, Omar Hernández-Mendo, Elsa Margarita Crosby-Galván
During the drought period in cattle pastures, the fruits of chote (Parmentiera aculeata (Kunth) L.O.) Williams are available, which are satisfactorily consumed by grazing ruminants. However, the nutritional value and ruminal availability of the dry matter of this fruit, to which nutritional properties are attributed, are unknown. The objective was to evaluate the degradation of chote fruit for inclusion in sheep diets using in situ degradation and to identify some physiological variables in the rumen. Six rumen fistulated lambs with a live weight of 30 ± 2 kg were adapted for 11 days to the following experimental diets: T 0: 0 % chote fruit; T 15: 15 % chote fruit, and T 30: 30 % chote fruit. In situ degradation of chote fruit was determined and experimental diets were analyzed with a 3 × 3 crossover design. The results show that after 3 and 6 h, chote fruit at T 30 presented greater degradation (p ≤ 0.05). After 24, 48, and 72 h, pH and ammonia nitrogen (N-NH3) showed no statistical differences (p > 0.05). The yields of acetic, propionic, and butyric acids were not different (p > 0.05) at T 15 (acetic acid = 77.81 mM L-1; propionic = 14.39 mM L-1; butyric = 0. 67 mM L-1) and T 30 (acetic acid = 77.21 mM L-1; propionic = 18.52 mM L-1; butyric = 8.97 mM L-1), but both were greater than T 0 (acetic = 62.03 mM L-1, propionic = 18.52 mM L-1, butyric = 9.27 mM L-1). In conclusion, the addition of 30 % chote to sheep diets increases degradation without affecting ruminal variables.
在干旱时期的牛牧场，chote (Parmentiera aculeata (Kunth) L.O.)的果实。这里有威廉姆斯，吃草的反刍动物很满意地吃掉了它。然而，这种水果的营养价值和干物质的瘤胃可利用性(其营养特性归因于此)尚不清楚。目的是利用原位降解法评估巧克力果在绵羊日粮中的降解情况，并确定瘤胃中的一些生理变量。选取6只活重为30±2 kg的瘤胃瘘管羔羊，试验日粮为:t0: 0%巧克力果;t15:15 %巧克力水果，t30:30 %巧克力水果。采用3 × 3交叉设计，测定了巧克力果的原位降解情况，并对试验饲粮进行了分析。结果表明，3 h和6 h后，t30的巧克力果降解程度最高(p≤0.05)。24、48和72 h后，pH和氨氮(N-NH3)无统计学差异(p >0.05)。乙酸、丙酸和丁酸的产率无显著差异(p >0.05)， t15(乙酸= 77.81 mM L-1;丙酸= 14.39 mM L-1;丁酸= 0。67 mM L-1)和t30(乙酸= 77.21 mM L-1;丙酸= 18.52 mM L-1;丁酸= 8.97 mM L-1)，但均大于T 0(乙酸= 62.03 mM L-1，丙酸= 18.52 mM L-1，丁酸= 9.27 mM L-1)。综上所述，在绵羊日粮中添加30% chote可提高降解率，但不影响瘤胃各项指标。
{"title":"CHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND in situ DEGRADATION OF DIETS PREPARED WITH AND WITHOUT FRUIT OF Parmentiera aculeata (Kunth) L.O. Williams IN SHEEP","authors":"Selene Pérez-Morales, María Magdalena Crosby-Galván, Mónica Ramírez-Mella, José Ricardo Bárcena-Gama, Omar Hernández-Mendo, Elsa Margarita Crosby-Galván","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2915","url":null,"abstract":"During the drought period in cattle pastures, the fruits of chote (Parmentiera aculeata (Kunth) L.O.) Williams are available, which are satisfactorily consumed by grazing ruminants. However, the nutritional value and ruminal availability of the dry matter of this fruit, to which nutritional properties are attributed, are unknown. The objective was to evaluate the degradation of chote fruit for inclusion in sheep diets using in situ degradation and to identify some physiological variables in the rumen. Six rumen fistulated lambs with a live weight of 30 ± 2 kg were adapted for 11 days to the following experimental diets: T 0: 0 % chote fruit; T 15: 15 % chote fruit, and T 30: 30 % chote fruit. In situ degradation of chote fruit was determined and experimental diets were analyzed with a 3 × 3 crossover design. The results show that after 3 and 6 h, chote fruit at T 30 presented greater degradation (p ≤ 0.05). After 24, 48, and 72 h, pH and ammonia nitrogen (N-NH3) showed no statistical differences (p > 0.05). The yields of acetic, propionic, and butyric acids were not different (p > 0.05) at T 15 (acetic acid = 77.81 mM L-1; propionic = 14.39 mM L-1; butyric = 0. 67 mM L-1) and T 30 (acetic acid = 77.21 mM L-1; propionic = 18.52 mM L-1; butyric = 8.97 mM L-1), but both were greater than T 0 (acetic = 62.03 mM L-1, propionic = 18.52 mM L-1, butyric = 9.27 mM L-1). In conclusion, the addition of 30 % chote to sheep diets increases degradation without affecting ruminal variables.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135204821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2839
José Primitivo Arroyo-Ortega, A. Macías-Duarte, C. Ortega-Rosas, O. G. Gutiérrez-Ruacho
Artificial food and water supplementation programs are common in Wildlife Conservation Management Units (UMAs) in arid northern Mexico to attract and retain mule deer as quality trophies. However, implementing these actions represents a high economic cost, and there is no convincing evidence of their effectiveness. This study evaluated the effect of food and water supplementation by capture-mark-recapture using camera traps at the UMA San Huberto, Sonora, Mexico. During the winter of 2015-2016, male mule deer counts and detection histories were collected at 62 photo-trapping stations spread across four supplementation treatments: 1) water and food, 2) water, 3) food, and 4) no supplementation. In addition, to assess the impact of natural vegetation on trough and feeder utilization on the ranch, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index was calculated using Landsat 8 satellite images. A log-Poisson regression model for deer counts per photo-trapping station found that food supplementation increased mule deer numbers by 42 % when compared to stations without food supplementation. Vegetation biomass had no effect on the frequency of use of feeders and waterers in any of the treatments. According to the multistate model for detection histories, male mule deer at waterers receiving food-only supplementation are more likely to remain in that treatment than to move to either of the other two treatments (water and feed or water). This finding suggests that food-only supplementation is more effective in retaining male mule deer.
在墨西哥北部干旱的野生动物保护管理单位(UMAs)，人工食物和水补充项目很常见，以吸引和留住骡鹿作为优质的战利品。然而，实施这些行动的经济成本很高，而且没有令人信服的证据证明其有效性。本研究在墨西哥索诺拉州的UMA San Huberto使用相机陷阱评估了通过捕捉-标记-再捕捉来补充食物和水的效果。2015-2016年冬季，在62个光捕获站收集雄性骡鹿数量和检测历史，分布在4种补充处理:1)水和食物、2)水、3)食物和4)不补充。此外，为了评估天然植被对牧场食槽和饲料利用的影响，利用Landsat 8卫星图像计算归一化植被差指数。每个捕光站鹿数的log-Poisson回归模型发现，与不补充食物的站点相比，食物补充使骡鹿数量增加了42%。在所有处理中，植被生物量对饲料和水的使用频率没有影响。根据检测历史的多状态模型，在只接受食物补充的水域中，雄性骡鹿更有可能留在该处理中，而不是转移到其他两种处理(水和饲料或水)中的任何一种。这一发现表明，只补充食物对保留雄性骡鹿更有效。
{"title":"FOOD SUPPLEMENTATION INCREASES MULE DEER (Odocoileus hemionus eremicus) RETENTION AT THE RANCHO SAN HUBERTO WILDLIFE CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT UNIT, SONORA, MEXICO","authors":"José Primitivo Arroyo-Ortega, A. Macías-Duarte, C. Ortega-Rosas, O. G. Gutiérrez-Ruacho","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2839","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial food and water supplementation programs are common in Wildlife Conservation Management Units (UMAs) in arid northern Mexico to attract and retain mule deer as quality trophies. However, implementing these actions represents a high economic cost, and there is no convincing evidence of their effectiveness. This study evaluated the effect of food and water supplementation by capture-mark-recapture using camera traps at the UMA San Huberto, Sonora, Mexico. During the winter of 2015-2016, male mule deer counts and detection histories were collected at 62 photo-trapping stations spread across four supplementation treatments: 1) water and food, 2) water, 3) food, and 4) no supplementation. In addition, to assess the impact of natural vegetation on trough and feeder utilization on the ranch, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index was calculated using Landsat 8 satellite images. A log-Poisson regression model for deer counts per photo-trapping station found that food supplementation increased mule deer numbers by 42 % when compared to stations without food supplementation. Vegetation biomass had no effect on the frequency of use of feeders and waterers in any of the treatments. According to the multistate model for detection histories, male mule deer at waterers receiving food-only supplementation are more likely to remain in that treatment than to move to either of the other two treatments (water and feed or water). This finding suggests that food-only supplementation is more effective in retaining male mule deer.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77823155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2855
Pamela Galicia-García, M. Estrada-Botello, Salomé Gayosso-Rodríguez, Rufo Sánchez-Hernández, Carlos Alberto Pérez-Cabrera
The amount of water retained by soil depends on its physical and chemical properties, as well as the type of cover or crop present. It is important to understand the effects of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) plantations on water requirements. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine soil humidity parameters in oil palm plantations at different ages of development in Tabasco, Mexico. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with three replications. Four treatments were evaluated: 5-, 11-, and 25-year-old oil palm, and pasture as a control treatment. As response variables, parameters of bulk density (Da), texture, field capacity (CC), permanent wilting point (PMP), electrical conductivity (CE), saturation point (PS), and soil humidity parameters including irrigation sheet (Lr), sheet in the infiltration rate test (Lrinf), basic infiltration (Ib), accumulated sheet (Z), soil humidity retention curves (CRH), and soil humidity stress (EHS) were determined. Ib and Z values were determined in the surface layer; Lr, Lrinf, and CRH at three depths (0–30, 30–60, and 60–90 cm). The results indicate that the treatments presented significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in all the variables evaluated; and the parameters of field capacity, permanent wilting point, initial and final humidity in the infiltration rate test, affected the humidity content in the Lr, Lrinf, CRH and EHS. It is concluded that oil palm age modifies soil humidity retention parameters and influences water requirements.
{"title":"HUMIDITY RETENTION IN SOIL WITH Elaeis guineensis Jacq. AT DIFFERENT AGES OF DEVELOPMENT","authors":"Pamela Galicia-García, M. Estrada-Botello, Salomé Gayosso-Rodríguez, Rufo Sánchez-Hernández, Carlos Alberto Pérez-Cabrera","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v57i6.2855","url":null,"abstract":"The amount of water retained by soil depends on its physical and chemical properties, as well as the type of cover or crop present. It is important to understand the effects of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) plantations on water requirements. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine soil humidity parameters in oil palm plantations at different ages of development in Tabasco, Mexico. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with three replications. Four treatments were evaluated: 5-, 11-, and 25-year-old oil palm, and pasture as a control treatment. As response variables, parameters of bulk density (Da), texture, field capacity (CC), permanent wilting point (PMP), electrical conductivity (CE), saturation point (PS), and soil humidity parameters including irrigation sheet (Lr), sheet in the infiltration rate test (Lrinf), basic infiltration (Ib), accumulated sheet (Z), soil humidity retention curves (CRH), and soil humidity stress (EHS) were determined. Ib and Z values were determined in the surface layer; Lr, Lrinf, and CRH at three depths (0–30, 30–60, and 60–90 cm). The results indicate that the treatments presented significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in all the variables evaluated; and the parameters of field capacity, permanent wilting point, initial and final humidity in the infiltration rate test, affected the humidity content in the Lr, Lrinf, CRH and EHS. It is concluded that oil palm age modifies soil humidity retention parameters and influences water requirements.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75804446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v57i5.2359
Juan Burneo-Valdivieso, Daniel Capa-Mora, Pablo Ochoa-Cueva
Coffee (Coffea arabica and C. canephora) is an important agricultural export product in Ecuador, but yields reported at most coffee farms are low. The main reasons for this are a lack of understanding of soil nutritional status and fertilization management, which implies fertilizer misuse and results in gas emissions into the environment. In this study, the soil nutritional status of coffee plantations was evaluated along an altitudinal gradient of the Ecuadorian Andes as an indicator of soil fertilization plans. A total of 471 farmlands were selected and their pH, soil organic matter, and main macronutrients were determined. The impact of soil fertilization on nitrous oxide emissions was evaluated; for this purpose, an experimental coffee farm was chosen where different doses of mineral and organic soil fertilization were tested, and N2O emissions were determined. The results showed a negative correlation between soil organic matter, pH, and nitrate concentration with altitude. In all altitudinal strata, the nitrate concentration was higher than that of ammonium. In addition, a strong correlation was observed between soil organic matter and soil nitrate concentration. The amount of potassium decreased as altitude increased, whereas medium and high concentrations of available phosphorus were observed in all altitudinal ranges. However, significant statistical differences were found when comparing low mineral fertilization doses to organic fertilization. The N2O analyses showed that coffee plantations fertilized with mineral fertilizers emit from 300 to 1142 mg N2O m-2 into the environment. High mineral fertilization resulted in the highest N2O emissions, with statistically significant differences when compared to low mineral doses and organic fertilization. Therefore, it was concluded that changes in soil nutritional status were observed along the Andean gradient of coffee plantations in southern Ecuador, and that high doses of mineral fertilizer can have a significant impact on N2O emissions.
{"title":"SOIL CONDITIONS AND EFFECT OF FERTILIZATION ON THE EMISSION OF GREENHOUSE GASES IN AN ANDEAN COFFEE GRADIENT","authors":"Juan Burneo-Valdivieso, Daniel Capa-Mora, Pablo Ochoa-Cueva","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v57i5.2359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v57i5.2359","url":null,"abstract":"Coffee (Coffea arabica and C. canephora) is an important agricultural export product in Ecuador, but yields reported at most coffee farms are low. The main reasons for this are a lack of understanding of soil nutritional status and fertilization management, which implies fertilizer misuse and results in gas emissions into the environment. In this study, the soil nutritional status of coffee plantations was evaluated along an altitudinal gradient of the Ecuadorian Andes as an indicator of soil fertilization plans. A total of 471 farmlands were selected and their pH, soil organic matter, and main macronutrients were determined. The impact of soil fertilization on nitrous oxide emissions was evaluated; for this purpose, an experimental coffee farm was chosen where different doses of mineral and organic soil fertilization were tested, and N2O emissions were determined. The results showed a negative correlation between soil organic matter, pH, and nitrate concentration with altitude. In all altitudinal strata, the nitrate concentration was higher than that of ammonium. In addition, a strong correlation was observed between soil organic matter and soil nitrate concentration. The amount of potassium decreased as altitude increased, whereas medium and high concentrations of available phosphorus were observed in all altitudinal ranges. However, significant statistical differences were found when comparing low mineral fertilization doses to organic fertilization. The N2O analyses showed that coffee plantations fertilized with mineral fertilizers emit from 300 to 1142 mg N2O m-2 into the environment. High mineral fertilization resulted in the highest N2O emissions, with statistically significant differences when compared to low mineral doses and organic fertilization. Therefore, it was concluded that changes in soil nutritional status were observed along the Andean gradient of coffee plantations in southern Ecuador, and that high doses of mineral fertilizer can have a significant impact on N2O emissions.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135264955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-27DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v57i5.2494
Carlos Serratos-Tejeda, Arturo Huerta-de La Peña, Juan Antonio Villanueva-Jiménez, Agustín Aragón-García
In sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) cultivation, the main pest is the sugarcane aphid (Melanaphis sacchari Zehntner (Hemiptera: Aphididae)). The insecticide imidacloprid is frequently used to control this insect, and in some cases, it is complemented with the release of lacewings of the species Chrysoperla carnea Stephens (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). The insecticide has been shown to be harmful to non-target insects, such as the natural enemies of this aphid, so it is necessary to find other less harmful products. The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of aqueous and oily extracts of chicalote (Argemone mexicana L.) on C. carnea and to contrast it with that of imidacloprid, with the hypothesis that extracts of A. mexicana applied to the developmental stages of C. carnea generate less mortality on the predator than imidacloprid. The aqueous and oily extracts had a concentration of 30 g L-1. For imidacloprid, the recommended dose for sugarcane aphid control (0.35 g L-1) was used. Mortality and the treatments effect were evaluated by exposure methods: T1) topical on larvae, T2) egg immersion, T3) treated Sitotroga cerealella eggs, and T4) liquid ingestion in adults. Mortality, hatching and emergence variables were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s comparison of means (p ≤ 0.05). Treatments were classified according to the toxicity levels proposed by the International Organization for Biological Control. The aqueous and oily extracts were in toxicity class 1 for C. carnea, except in eggs treated with the oily extract (class 4). Imidacloprid was classified in class 4 when applied topically and by ingestion in adults and in class 2 in ingestion of treated S. cerealella eggs. In general, extracts of A. mexicana could be used as selective insecticides, while imidacloprid can be considered incompatible with releases of this predator.
在高粱(sorghum bicolor L. Moench)栽培中，主要害虫是甘蔗蚜(Melanaphis sacchari Zehntner)。通常使用杀虫剂吡虫啉来控制这种昆虫，在某些情况下，还会辅以释放草蛉(蝶翅目:蝶科)。该杀虫剂已被证明对非目标昆虫有害，例如这种蚜虫的天敌，因此有必要寻找其他危害较小的产品。本研究的目的是评价菊芋(Argemone mexicana L.)水提液和油提液对蠋蝽的毒性，并与吡虫啉进行对比，假设菊芋提取物应用于蠋蝽发育阶段对捕食者的死亡率低于吡虫啉。水提液和油提液浓度均为30 g L-1。吡虫啉按防治甘蔗蚜推荐剂量(0.35 g L-1)施用。采用T1)幼虫外敷、T2)卵浸渍、T3)处理后的小谷曲蝇卵、T4)液体摄食等暴露方法评价其死亡率和处理效果。死亡率、孵化率和羽化率变量分析采用单因素方差分析，均数比较采用Tukey’s比较(p≤0.05)。根据国际生物防治组织提出的毒性水平对处理方法进行分类。除油提取物处理过的虫卵(4级)外，水提取物和油提取物对玉米螟的毒性为1级。吡虫啉在成人外用和食入时为4级，在处理过的谷类小麦虫卵中为2级。综上所述，墨西哥沙螽提取物可作为选择性杀虫剂，吡虫啉可被认为与墨西哥沙螽释放不相容。
{"title":"TOXICITY OF Argemone mexicana (L.) EXTRACTS AND IMIDACLOPRID ON Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens)","authors":"Carlos Serratos-Tejeda, Arturo Huerta-de La Peña, Juan Antonio Villanueva-Jiménez, Agustín Aragón-García","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v57i5.2494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v57i5.2494","url":null,"abstract":"In sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) cultivation, the main pest is the sugarcane aphid (Melanaphis sacchari Zehntner (Hemiptera: Aphididae)). The insecticide imidacloprid is frequently used to control this insect, and in some cases, it is complemented with the release of lacewings of the species Chrysoperla carnea Stephens (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). The insecticide has been shown to be harmful to non-target insects, such as the natural enemies of this aphid, so it is necessary to find other less harmful products. The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of aqueous and oily extracts of chicalote (Argemone mexicana L.) on C. carnea and to contrast it with that of imidacloprid, with the hypothesis that extracts of A. mexicana applied to the developmental stages of C. carnea generate less mortality on the predator than imidacloprid. The aqueous and oily extracts had a concentration of 30 g L-1. For imidacloprid, the recommended dose for sugarcane aphid control (0.35 g L-1) was used. Mortality and the treatments effect were evaluated by exposure methods: T1) topical on larvae, T2) egg immersion, T3) treated Sitotroga cerealella eggs, and T4) liquid ingestion in adults. Mortality, hatching and emergence variables were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s comparison of means (p ≤ 0.05). Treatments were classified according to the toxicity levels proposed by the International Organization for Biological Control. The aqueous and oily extracts were in toxicity class 1 for C. carnea, except in eggs treated with the oily extract (class 4). Imidacloprid was classified in class 4 when applied topically and by ingestion in adults and in class 2 in ingestion of treated S. cerealella eggs. In general, extracts of A. mexicana could be used as selective insecticides, while imidacloprid can be considered incompatible with releases of this predator.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135756093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-27DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v57i5.2433
Samuel Rodríguez Flores, José Antonio Quevedo Tiznado, Carlos Muñoz-Robles, Patricia Julio-Miranda
Hydrologic modeling allows the simulation of runoff and sediment processes, which are applied in integrated watershed management, soil and water nutrients, among others. However, these models require considerable amounts of input data. Sediment data is often lacking in quantity and quality, which leads to uncertainty in hydrological models. The objective of the present study was to propose a methodological alternative based on sediment time series in the Santa Cruz de Aquismón sub-basin, San Luis Potosí, Mexico, by means of autoregressive integrated moving average models (ARIMA) and the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The SWAT model was calibrated and validated with measured flows from the National Surface Water Data Bank (BANDAS) of station 26 241 (Ballesmi). Model calibration and validation performance was assessed with Nash-Sutcliffe Coefficient (NSE), percent bias (PBIAS), and the root mean squared error (RMSE). The SWAT model fit was rated as very good. The hydrologic model results were compared to the daily sediment estimates from three months in 1985 (June, September, and November) obtained from ARIMA models. The mean absolute percent error (MAPE) was 0.571, 0.168, and 0.029, respectively. The results indicated that the use of the ARIMA model for sediment estimation is useful when there are short time series with limited information, since it allows the completion of missing data series or short-term estimates.
水文建模可以模拟径流和泥沙过程，这些过程应用于综合流域管理、土壤和水养分等方面。然而，这些模型需要大量的输入数据。泥沙数据往往缺乏数量和质量，这导致水文模型的不确定性。本研究的目的是利用自回归综合移动平均模型(ARIMA)和水土评估工具(SWAT)模型，提出一种基于墨西哥圣路易斯Potosí Santa Cruz de Aquismón子盆地沉积物时间序列的替代方法。SWAT模型使用来自26 241 (Ballesmi)站的国家地表水数据库(BANDAS)的实测流量进行了校准和验证。采用Nash-Sutcliffe系数(NSE)、百分比偏差(PBIAS)和均方根误差(RMSE)评估模型校准和验证性能。SWAT模型契合度被评为非常好。将水文模型结果与ARIMA模型1985年6月、9月和11月的日沉积物估算值进行了比较。平均绝对百分误差(MAPE)分别为0.571、0.168和0.029。结果表明，在信息有限的短时间序列中，利用ARIMA模型进行泥沙估算是有用的，因为它可以弥补缺失的数据序列或短期估算。
{"title":"SEDIMENT TRANSPORT ESTIMATION FROM HYDROLOGICAL AND AUTOREGRESSIVE MODELS","authors":"Samuel Rodríguez Flores, José Antonio Quevedo Tiznado, Carlos Muñoz-Robles, Patricia Julio-Miranda","doi":"10.47163/agrociencia.v57i5.2433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47163/agrociencia.v57i5.2433","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrologic modeling allows the simulation of runoff and sediment processes, which are applied in integrated watershed management, soil and water nutrients, among others. However, these models require considerable amounts of input data. Sediment data is often lacking in quantity and quality, which leads to uncertainty in hydrological models. The objective of the present study was to propose a methodological alternative based on sediment time series in the Santa Cruz de Aquismón sub-basin, San Luis Potosí, Mexico, by means of autoregressive integrated moving average models (ARIMA) and the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The SWAT model was calibrated and validated with measured flows from the National Surface Water Data Bank (BANDAS) of station 26 241 (Ballesmi). Model calibration and validation performance was assessed with Nash-Sutcliffe Coefficient (NSE), percent bias (PBIAS), and the root mean squared error (RMSE). The SWAT model fit was rated as very good. The hydrologic model results were compared to the daily sediment estimates from three months in 1985 (June, September, and November) obtained from ARIMA models. The mean absolute percent error (MAPE) was 0.571, 0.168, and 0.029, respectively. The results indicated that the use of the ARIMA model for sediment estimation is useful when there are short time series with limited information, since it allows the completion of missing data series or short-term estimates.","PeriodicalId":50836,"journal":{"name":"Agrociencia","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135756294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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