Agricultural Economics最新文献

Adoption of improved crop varieties fuels agricultural productivity, but the impact of their adoption over time remains unexplored. Building on a randomized experiment fielded in 2017, we explore the long-term adoption and impacts of a successful intervention with a genetically modified eggplant variety (Bt eggplant) in Bangladesh. We study the extent to which households exposed through this intervention to Bt eggplant continued to grow it after 5 years, and whether exposure to the improved variety had post-intervention impacts on a battery of eggplant-, agricultural-, economic-, and women's empowerment-specific outcomes. We find wide-scale dis-adoption of the Bt eggplant technology, driven primarily by difficulties in accessing seed as well as the absence of post-intervention support by extension specialists and implementors. Notably, we observe a change in seed-sourcing behavior in households exposed to Bt eggplant, with a shift towards the formal seed sector. We see no other effects on a variety of eggplant- and agriculture-related outcomes. We find no evidence that exposure to Bt eggplant at the household level had any positive or negative impact on dimensions of women's empowerment. This study is the first to demonstrate empirically that if delivery strategies and support structures are not sustained, short-term benefits alone are not sufficient to guarantee long-term adoption of improved varieties.

Climate and weather shocks pose significant threats to crop and livestock systems, leading to economic losses and humanitarian crises. Utilizing a modeling framework that innovatively integrates the crop and livestock production systems in semi-subsistence economies, this study examines the interactions and dynamic adjustments within these systems following weather shocks, using Ethiopia as a case study. We also evaluate the effectiveness of various adaptation strategies in sustaining farm incomes, food security, and welfare. Results show unique effects on the crop and livestock sectors resulting from a joint shock on the two systems. While food crops experience a strong and immediate growth effect (12.4%) that fades quickly, the livestock sector faces the full impact of the shock a year later (13.7%), with the effect persisting to some degree. We also find diverging economic and livestock system adjustment trajectories from separate shocks to the crop and livestock systems. Further, the intervention options analyzed show contrasting impacts on various outcome indicators, with only the resilient crop intervention causing sector-indifferent impacts. Our findings emphasize the importance of proactive measures to enhance the resilience of crop-livestock systems, with implications for policy and practice aimed at safeguarding food security and livelihoods in semi-subsistence economies.

Mkupete, M. J., and Davalos, J. 2025. “Implications of Climate-Smart Agriculture Technology Adoption on Women's Productivity and Food Security in Tanzania.” Agricultural Economics 56: 247–267. https://doi.org/10.1111/agec.12874.

We inadvertently omitted an important acknowledgement of the financial support that made this research possible. The article should include the following acknowledgement:

This work was carried out with financial and scientific support from the Partnership for Economic Policy (PEP) through funding provided by Global Affairs Canada (GAC).

We sincerely apologize for this oversight.

Animal health and livestock disease constrain food security, education, and the wealth of households. Assessment of the impacts of animal health and livestock diseases on the well-being of the live animal and value chain actors, as well as consumers, helps to quantify the efficiency of resource allocations in the livestock sector and to improve stakeholder decision-making. In this paper, we aim to illustrate how the impact of improved animal health affects the well-being of economic agents of the livestock sector of an economy. We specify a vertically integrated partial equilibrium livestock model to identify disease free equilibria as a special case of the Kuhn–Tucker conditions. We provide empirical evidence from a case study on the small ruminant meat value chain of Ethiopia. We find that the total surplus increase for a disease free small ruminant sector is USD 780 million under constant consumer demand. If meat demand increases according to the FAO projection, the surplus gain increases to USD 1.2 billion. Overall, our results support that economic agents across the value chain benefit from improved livestock health.

The adoption of higher-nutrient grass varieties, such as Brachiaria, offers long-term economic benefits for ranchers while enhancing soil health and pasture productivity in Latin America's lowland climates. Despite widespread adoption, the field-level impacts remain largely unexplored. This study, focusing on Colombia's largest beef-producing regions, analyzes how the transition to introduced pastures affects productivity, revenue, and land requirements for ranching. Our findings reveal that 66% of pasture acreage among sampled ranchers is now comprised of these introduced varieties. Factors like distance to technology centers, historical violence, and shocks to transportation and trade, hinder adoption. Transitioning from native savannas to introduced pastures significantly boosts productivity, particularly when paired with practices such as weed control and fertilization; however, yield gains fall short of the expectations set by agronomic trials. Overall, the increased revenue per hectare underscores the need to promote introduced-pasture-based systems, especially given the limitations of intensive silvopastoral methods.

The role of protein consumption in adaptations to physical exercise is well documented in prior research. However, little is known about how physical exercise and associated protein needs impact consumers’ protein demand. This study pairs matching methods with discrete choice experiments to estimate the impacts of physical exercise on willingness-to-pay for protein while reducing the confounding influences of other consumer characteristics. Aerobic and strength-based exercise, and fitness-driven protein consumption, increase willingness-to-pay for retail protein by up to $1.91 per pound for ribeye steak and foodservice protein by up to $2.47 for a ribeye steak meal. These results indicate that the physically active population is a reliable consumer base that bolsters US domestic protein purchases during periods of price increases.

We conduct a systematic empirical investigation into the consistency of competing industry-level total factor productivity (TFP) series in the United States, including the crop and animal production or farm sector. We apply an algorithm based on time-series methods to three widely-used databases frequently utilized by researchers to study productivity. Our analysis reveals a substantial proportion of inconsistent industry-level TFP series across these databases, including those for the farm sector. We further investigate the potential causes of such discrepancies by examining the consistency of the individual output and input variables used in the calculation of the TFP series. Individual input and output series pairs show different patterns of inconsistency across databases. Our findings highlight the need for publishing agencies and researchers to explore opportunities for methodological standardization.