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Aggressive Behavior最新文献

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Violent Video Game Play and (De)Sensitization to Threat 玩暴力电子游戏与对威胁的(去)敏感化。
IF 2.7 2区 心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1002/ab.70003
Steven J. Kirsh, Jeffrey R. W. Mounts

This study assesses whether the frequency of violent video game play is associated with attentional desensitization or sensitization to images depicting violence or nonviolent interpersonal conflict. Two hundred and thirty-two participants reported their three most frequently played video games and the amount of time each game was played in a typical week. Next, they completed an assessment of emotion-induced blindness, which refers to a reduction in the correct identification of a neutral target image when it follows an emotionally charged distractor image. The primary findings showed that weekly violent video game play was negatively associated with target identification following nonviolent interpersonal conflict images, but not violent images. Findings are discussed in terms of the saliency of threatening images and attentional processing.

本研究评估了玩暴力电子游戏的频率是否与注意力脱敏或对描述暴力或非暴力人际冲突的图像敏感有关。232 名参与者报告了他们最常玩的三款电子游戏,以及每款游戏在一周内的游戏时间。接下来,他们完成了一项情绪诱发盲目性评估,该评估指的是当中性目标图像出现在带有情绪色彩的干扰图像之后时,正确识别该图像的能力下降。主要研究结果表明,每周玩暴力电子游戏与非暴力人际冲突图像后的目标识别呈负相关,但与暴力图像无关。研究结果将从威胁性图像的显著性和注意加工的角度进行讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Development and validation of the Forms and Functions of Aggressive Behavior Scale 开发和验证攻击行为量表的形式和功能。
IF 2.7 2区 心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1002/ab.70001
Nicole L. Hayes, Craig A. Anderson

Preventing aggression is a global social issue that warrants additional research with up-to-date measures. Aggressive behaviors manifest in several ways, and the proper assessment should capture its multidimensional nature. We developed the Forms and Functions of Aggressive Behavior Scale (FFABS) to capture the field's current multidimensional understanding of aggression, including its forms (physical, verbal, and relational) and functions (proactive and reactive). Across three studies (N = 1388), we validated the factor structure of the FFABS, obtained partial scalar measurement invariance for males and females, and demonstrated consistent patterns with theoretically related stable constructs and with behavioral measures of inhibitory control and aggressive behaviors, establishing convergent and discriminant validity. We discuss the findings, limitations, practical implications, and future research directions.

预防攻击行为是一个全球性的社会问题,需要采用最新的测量方法进行更多的研究。攻击行为有多种表现形式,适当的评估应能反映其多维性。我们开发了 "攻击行为的形式和功能量表"(FFABS),以反映该领域目前对攻击行为的多维理解,包括其形式(身体、语言和关系)和功能(主动和被动)。通过三项研究(N = 1388),我们验证了 FFABS 的因子结构,获得了男性和女性的部分标度测量不变性,并展示了与理论相关的稳定构念以及抑制控制和攻击行为的行为测量的一致模式,从而建立了收敛性和鉴别性有效性。我们对研究结果、局限性、实际意义和未来研究方向进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Parental control and bullying: Variable-centered and person-centered approaches 父母的控制与欺凌:以变量为中心和以人为中心的方法
IF 2.7 2区 心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1002/ab.70000
Hanyu Liang, Huiling Zhou, Na Xiao, Xiumei Cheng, Qiaoyi Zheng, Huaibin Jiang, Jie Li

Previous research has established a connection between parental control and bullying. However, the nuanced relationships involving different combinations of psychological control (PPC) and behavioral control (PBC), along with traditional and cyberbullying, remain ambiguous. Thus, this study investigated the associations of specific parental control dimensions and profiles with traditional and cyberbullying, focusing on the potential mediating mechanism of moral disengagement. A sample of 831 students (48.4% were female; Mage = 18.98 years; SDage = 1.08) was analyzed. Through latent profile analysis, three control profiles emerged: low PPC and PBC (40.31%), low PPC and high PBC (29.00%), and high PPC and PBC (30.69%). The findings indicated a positive correlation between PPC and traditional/cyberbullying. Moral disengagement mediated the relationship between PPC/PBC and traditional/cyberbullying. Particularly, high PPC and PBC were linked to cyberbullying. Moral disengagement mediated the relationship between high PPC and PBC and traditional/cyberbullying. These insights provide valuable empirical data for developing bullying interventions that consider parental control and moral disengagement.

以往的研究已经确定了父母控制与欺凌之间的联系。然而,心理控制(PPC)和行为控制(PBC)的不同组合与传统欺凌和网络欺凌之间的微妙关系仍然模糊不清。因此,本研究调查了父母控制的具体维度和特征与传统欺凌和网络欺凌之间的关联,重点关注道德脱离的潜在中介机制。研究分析了 831 名学生样本(48.4% 为女性;平均年龄 = 18.98 岁;平均年龄 = 1.08 岁)。通过潜特征分析,得出了三种控制特征:低 PPC 和 PBC(40.31%)、低 PPC 和高 PBC(29.00%)以及高 PPC 和 PBC(30.69%)。研究结果表明,PPC 与传统/网络欺凌之间存在正相关。道德疏离是 PPC/PBC 与传统/网络欺凌之间关系的中介。特别是,高 PPC 和 PBC 与网络欺凌有关。道德脱离对高PPC和PBC与传统/网络欺凌之间的关系起中介作用。这些见解为制定考虑家长控制和道德疏离的欺凌干预措施提供了宝贵的经验数据。
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引用次数: 0
The interplay between popularity and aggression in adolescence: Focusing the lens on sense of power and prestige 青春期受欢迎程度与攻击性之间的相互作用:将镜头对准权力感和威望。
IF 2.7 2区 心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1002/ab.22177
Kätlin Peets, Ernest V. E. Hodges

There is accumulating longitudinal evidence that popularity predicts relative increases in adolescents' aggression. Yet, we know very little about the conditions that motivate popular youth to engage in coercive behaviors. In this study, we evaluated whether popular adolescents would show elevated levels of aggression over time when they felt powerless and had low prestige (respect and admiration) among their peers. In addition, we examined whether popular youth would gain a greater sense of power and prestige over time via aggressive means. Participants were 419 fifth (MagetT1 = 10.91 years, SD = 0.42) and eighth graders (MagetT1 = 13.95 years, SD = 0.43) who participated twice over a 1-year interval. Popularity was measured at Time 1, while the other central constructs, such as direct forms of aggression, sense of power and prestige, were assessed at Times 1 and 2. Our findings demonstrate that aggression might be a threat-triggered response by popular youth to protect their ego and/or resolve the discrepancy between their position in the hierarchy and what that role should afford them. Moreover, popular youth feel the greatest sense of power over time when they abstain from resorting to aggressive means. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.

越来越多的纵向证据表明,受欢迎程度预示着青少年攻击行为的相对增加。然而,我们对促使受欢迎的青少年做出胁迫行为的条件却知之甚少。在本研究中,我们评估了当受欢迎的青少年感到无能为力且在同龄人中威望较低(尊重和钦佩)时,他们是否会随着时间的推移而表现出更高的攻击性。此外,我们还研究了受欢迎的青少年是否会随着时间的推移通过攻击性手段获得更强的权力感和威望感。参与者为 419 名五年级(MagetT1 = 10.91 岁,SD = 0.42)和八年级学生(MagetT1 = 13.95 岁,SD = 0.43),他们在一年内参加了两次调查。受欢迎程度在时间 1 进行测量,而其他核心指标,如直接形式的攻击、权力感和威望,则在时间 1 和时间 2 进行评估。我们的研究结果表明,攻击行为可能是受欢迎的青少年为保护自我和/或解决他们在等级制度中的地位与这一角色应给予他们的待遇之间的差异而做出的一种威胁触发反应。此外,随着时间的推移,受欢迎的年轻人在不诉诸攻击性手段时会感受到最大的力量感。本文讨论了未来研究的意义和方向。
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引用次数: 0
Thinking through the social world: Further exploring the direct, moderated, and mediated relationship between need for cognition and aggression 通过社会世界进行思考:进一步探索认知需求与攻击行为之间的直接、调节和中介关系
IF 2.7 2区 心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1002/ab.22176
Christopher P. Barlett

Findings from a paucity of research suggest that need for cognition (NFC) is negatively correlated with trait aggression. The correlational nature of the data juxtaposed with the reliance on assessing trait aggression negates causal claims regarding this relationship. The objective of the current research to expand our understanding of the relationship between NFC and aggression in the following ways: (1) focus on state, rather than trait, aggressive behavior, (2) examine the role of provocation, and (3) test the mediating influence of state anger and revenge motives. Our study had US emerging adult participants randomly assigned to be provoked or not before completing measures of anger, revenge motives, and aggression. Results showed that only revenge motives mediated the relationship between NFC and aggression, which was found to be significant only for provoked participants. Results are discussed in theoretical and practical implications.

大量研究结果表明,认知需求(NFC)与特质攻击性呈负相关。数据的相关性与对特质攻击性评估的依赖性并存,否定了这种关系的因果关系。目前的研究旨在从以下几个方面扩展我们对 NFC 与攻击行为之间关系的理解:(1)关注状态攻击行为,而非特质攻击行为;(2)研究挑衅的作用;(3)测试状态愤怒和报复动机的中介影响。我们的研究让美国新成人参与者在完成愤怒、报复动机和攻击行为的测量之前,随机分配受到挑衅或没有受到挑衅。结果表明,只有报复动机对 NFC 和攻击性之间的关系起到了中介作用,而这种作用只对被激怒的参与者显著。本文从理论和实践意义两方面对研究结果进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Violent attitudes in Portugal and Canada: Measurement invariance and psychometric properties of the Evaluation of Violence Questionnaire 葡萄牙和加拿大的暴力态度:暴力评价问卷的测量不变性和心理计量特性
IF 2.7 2区 心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1002/ab.22175
Kevin L. Nunes, Pedro Pechorro, Joshua R. Peters

Theory and evidence suggest that attitudes toward violence are relevant for the explanation, prediction, and reduction of violent behavior. The purpose of the present study was to adapt a measure of violent attitudes—the Evaluation of Violence Questionnaire (EVQ)—for use in Portugal, test the cross-country equivalence, and test the validity of both versions. We found the expected one-factor structure, high internal consistency, and cross-country measurement invariance for the Portuguese and original EVQ with men in Portugal (N = 320) and Canada (N = 298). We also found the expected pattern of correlations with measures of more versus less theoretically relevant constructs: both versions of the EVQ showed the strongest correlations with overall aggression and reactive aggression; slightly lower correlations with proactive aggression; negative correlations with self-control; and the smallest correlations with self-esteem. Our results support the equivalence, reliability, and validity of the Portuguese and original versions of the EVQ.

理论和证据表明,对暴力的态度与解释、预测和减少暴力行为息息相关。本研究旨在调整暴力态度的测量方法--暴力评估问卷(EVQ)--以便在葡萄牙使用,测试其跨国等效性,并检验两个版本的有效性。我们发现葡萄牙语和原版 EVQ 在葡萄牙(320 人)和加拿大(298 人)的男性中具有预期的单因素结构、高内部一致性和跨国测量不变性。我们还发现了与理论相关性较高和较低的结构相关性的预期模式:两种版本的 EVQ 与整体攻击性和反应性攻击性的相关性最强;与主动攻击性的相关性稍低;与自我控制呈负相关;与自尊的相关性最小。我们的研究结果证明了葡萄牙语版和原版 EVQ 的等效性、可靠性和有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluations of aggressive chasing interactions by 7-month-old infants 评估 7 个月大婴儿的攻击性追逐互动。
IF 2.7 2区 心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1002/ab.22174
Alessandra Geraci, Silvia Benavides-Varela, Chiara Nascimben, Francesca Simion, Elisa Di Giorgio

Recent theories of socio-moral development assume that humans evolved a capacity to evaluate others' social actions in different kinds of interactions. Prior infant studies found both reaching and visual preferences for the prosocial over the antisocial agents. However, whether the attribution of either positive or negative valence to agents' actions involved in an aggressive chasing interaction can be inferred by both reaching behaviors and visual attention deployment (i.e., disengagement of visual attention) is still an open question. Here we presented 7-month-old infants (N = 92) with events displaying an aggressive chasing interaction. By using preferential reaching and an attentional task (i.e., overlap paradigm), we assessed whether and how infants evaluate aggressive chasing interactions. The results demonstrated that young infants prefer to reach the victim over the aggressor, but neither agent affects visual attention. Moreover, such reaching preferences emerged only when dynamic cues and emotional face-like features were congruent with agents' social roles. Overall, these findings suggested that infants' evaluations of aggressive interactions are based on infants' sensitivity to some kinematic cues that characterized agents' actions and, especially, to the congruency between such motions and the face-like emotional expressions of the agents.

最近的社会道德发展理论认为,人类进化出了在不同类型的互动中评估他人社会行为的能力。先前的婴儿研究发现,相对于反社会行为主体而言,婴儿在触觉和视觉上都更喜欢亲社会行为主体。然而,在攻击性追逐互动中,是否可以通过伸手行为和视觉注意力调配(即脱离视觉注意力)来推断行为主体行为的正面或负面价值归属,这仍然是一个未决问题。在此,我们向 7 个月大的婴儿(92 人)展示了攻击性追逐互动事件。通过使用优先伸手和注意任务(即重叠范式),我们评估了婴儿是否以及如何评估攻击性追逐互动。结果表明,幼婴倾向于伸手去够受害者而不是施暴者,但这两种行为都不会影响视觉注意力。此外,只有当动态线索和情绪面孔特征与行为主体的社会角色一致时,才会出现这种伸手偏好。总之,这些研究结果表明,婴儿对攻击性互动的评价是基于婴儿对一些运动线索的敏感性,这些线索是行为主体行动的特征,尤其是对这些运动与行为主体的脸部情绪表达之间的一致性的敏感性。
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引用次数: 0
Can classroom seating arrangements help establish a safe environment for victims? A randomized controlled trial 教室座位安排有助于为受害者营造安全环境吗?随机对照试验。
IF 2.7 2区 心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1002/ab.22173
Nathalie A. H. Hoekstra, Yvonne H. M. van den Berg, Tessa A. M. Lansu, Hannah K. Peetz, M. Tim Mainhard, Antonius H. N. Cillessen

Students around the globe still experience bullying daily. Teachers play a key role in supporting victimized students and they could do so using their classroom seating arrangement. Common teacher strategies are to separate victims and bullies and to seat victims close to supportive others, but research has not examined whether these strategies support victims' wellbeing. Therefore, the current study tested an intervention in which victims in experimental classrooms were seated far away from their bullies and next to their best friends, whereas a random seating arrangement was implemented in control classrooms. The underlying reasoning was that victims would experience a sense of safety next to their best friend and to limit bullies' opportunities to harass the victim. The outcomes were classroom comfort, internalizing problems, academic engagement, and victimization frequency. We used a sample of 1746 Dutch upper elementary school students (Mage = 10.21) of whom 250 students reported to be chronically and frequently victimized (Mage = 9.96 years). Ethical and practical reasons rendered the conditions similar regarding victims' distances to their bullies. Consequently, the intervention in the end tested the effect of victims sitting next to their best friend. Several mixed-effects models showed that no support was found for the effectiveness of this intervention. Additional exploratory analyses testing the effect of victims' continuous distances to their bullies on their wellbeing also found no effects. These findings suggest that changing victims', bullies', and best friends' seats do not improve victims' classroom wellbeing. Alternative explanations, directions for future research, and practical implications are discussed.

全球各地的学生每天都在遭受欺凌。教师在支持受害学生方面发挥着关键作用,他们可以通过安排教室座位来做到这一点。常见的教师策略是将受害者和欺凌者分开,让受害者坐在靠近支持者的座位上,但研究并未考察这些策略是否有助于受害者的健康。因此,本研究测试了一种干预措施,即在实验班级中,受害者的座位远离欺凌者,与他们的好朋友相邻,而在对照班级中则采用随机座位安排。这样做的根本原因是,受害者可以在好友身边体验到安全感,并限制欺凌者骚扰受害者的机会。研究结果包括课堂舒适度、内化问题、学业参与度和受害频率。我们使用了 1746 名荷兰高年级小学生(年龄=10.21)作为样本,其中 250 名学生表示长期和经常受到伤害(年龄=9.96 岁)。由于伦理和实际原因,受害者与欺凌者的距离条件相似。因此,干预最终测试了受害者坐在其最好朋友旁边的效果。几个混合效应模型显示,这一干预措施的有效性没有得到支持。其他探索性分析测试了受害者与欺凌者的持续距离对其幸福感的影响,也没有发现任何效果。这些结果表明,改变受害者、欺凌者和好朋友的座位并不能改善受害者的课堂幸福感。本文讨论了其他解释、未来研究方向和实际意义。
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引用次数: 0
Brief report: Social comparison, hypercompetitiveness, and indirect aggression: Associations with loneliness and mental health 简要报告:社会比较、过度竞争和间接攻击:与孤独和心理健康的关系。
IF 2.7 2区 心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1002/ab.22171
Ann H. Farrell, Mollie Eriksson, Tracy Vaillancourt

Indirect aggression is commonly used in adulthood, but most researchers have focused on this behavior in romantic relationships or from an intrasexual competition perspective. Therefore, we aimed to understand the social characteristics and mental health correlates of indirect aggression by combining perspectives from developmental psychopathology and evolutionary psychology. We examined: (1) whether social characteristics (social comparison, hypercompetitiveness) contributed to indirect aggression (perpetration, victimization) and (2) whether there were indirect effects from indirect aggression (perpetration, victimization) to mental health difficulties through loneliness. In a cross-sectional sample of 475 young adults (57.7% women, 51.6% White, Mage = 20.2, SDage = 2.18), path analyses revealed that social comparison predicted indirect aggression victimization, which indirectly predicted mental health difficulties (depression, anxiety, somatic symptoms) through loneliness. In contrast, indirect aggression perpetration was only predicted by hypercompetitiveness. The findings highlight that reframing cognitions associated with social comparison could help prevent indirect aggression and mental health difficulties among young people.

间接攻击是成年期的常见行为,但大多数研究人员都侧重于研究恋爱关系中的这种行为或从性内竞争的角度来研究这种行为。因此,我们旨在通过结合发展精神病理学和进化心理学的观点,了解间接攻击行为的社会特征和心理健康相关因素。我们研究了:(1) 社会特征(社会比较、过度竞争)是否会导致间接攻击行为(实施、受害);(2) 间接攻击行为(实施、受害)是否会通过孤独感对心理健康困难产生间接影响。在一个由 475 名年轻成年人(57.7% 为女性,51.6% 为白人,平均年龄 = 20.2 岁,平均年龄 = 2.18 岁)组成的横截面样本中,路径分析显示,社会比较会预测间接攻击行为的受害情况,而间接攻击行为会通过孤独感间接预测心理健康问题(抑郁、焦虑、躯体症状)。与此相反,只有超竞争性才能预测间接攻击行为。研究结果强调,重塑与社会比较相关的认知有助于预防青少年的间接攻击行为和心理健康问题。
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引用次数: 0
Comparing behavioral measures of aggression in the laboratory: Taylor Aggression Paradigm versus Point-Subtraction Aggression Paradigm 比较实验室中的攻击行为测量方法:泰勒攻击范式与点牵引攻击范式。
IF 2.7 2区 心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-07-28 DOI: 10.1002/ab.22167
Matthew A. Timmins, Mitchell E. Berman, Emil F. Coccaro

Aggression refers to a wide range of behaviors with lasting individual and societal consequences. Recurrent, unplanned aggressive behavior is the core diagnostic criterion for intermittent explosive disorder (IED). In this study, we compared two behavioral measures of aggression in the laboratory: the Taylor Aggression Paradigm (TAP) and the Point-Subtraction Aggression Paradigm (PSAP). This sample (n = 528) included community participants who met DSM-5 criteria for IED (n = 156), met DSM-5 criteria for a nonaggressive psychiatric disorder (n = 205), or did not meet DSM-5 criteria for any psychiatric disorder (n = 167). All participants completed the TAP, a single-session PSAP, and relevant self-report measures. MANOVA analyses demonstrated differences between IED participants and nonaggressive participants; however, these group differences were no longer significant for the PSAP after including demographic variables. Correlation analyses found that the TAP and PSAP were positively related to one another and the composite variables associated with aggressive behavior (i.e., history of aggression, impulsivity, and propensity to experience anger) and; dependent correlations revealed that past aggression and trait anger were more strongly related to the TAP. Differences in TAP and PSAP outcomes may be partially attributed to operationalizations of aggression and methods of aggression and provocation. Further, as aggressive and nonaggressive participants differed on the PSAP somewhat mirroring the TAP, our results add to growing evidence of the validity of a single-session PSAP; further research is needed to fully establish single-session PSAP as a laboratory aggression task compared to the multi-session PSAP.

攻击行为是指对个人和社会产生持久影响的一系列行为。反复出现、无计划的攻击行为是间歇性爆发障碍(IED)的核心诊断标准。在这项研究中,我们比较了实验室中的两种攻击行为测量方法:泰勒攻击范式(TAP)和点-牵引攻击范式(PSAP)。该样本(n = 528)包括符合 DSM-5 IED 标准(n = 156)、符合 DSM-5 非攻击性精神障碍标准(n = 205)或不符合 DSM-5 任何精神障碍标准(n = 167)的社区参与者。所有参与者都完成了 TAP、单次 PSAP 和相关的自我报告测量。MANOVA 分析表明,IED 参与者与非攻击性参与者之间存在差异;但在纳入人口统计学变量后,这些群体差异在 PSAP 中不再显著。相关性分析发现,TAP 和 PSAP 与彼此以及与攻击行为相关的综合变量(即攻击史、冲动性和愤怒倾向)呈正相关;因果相关性显示,过去的攻击行为和特质愤怒与 TAP 的相关性更强。TAP 和 PSAP 结果的差异可能部分归因于攻击性的操作方法以及攻击和挑衅的方法。此外,由于攻击性参与者和非攻击性参与者在 PSAP 上的差异在某种程度上反映了 TAP 的差异,我们的结果为单次 PSAP 的有效性提供了更多证据;与多次 PSAP 相比,还需要进一步的研究来全面确定单次 PSAP 作为实验室攻击任务的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
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Aggressive Behavior
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