Pub Date : 2024-07-27DOI: 10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.4.2135
Putu Gede Suda Satriya Wibawa, I. M. Mahardika
Prematurity or preterm birth can lead to perinatal and neonatal deaths. The leading cause of preterm labor is premature rupture of membranes. Infections are one of the leading causes of premature rupture of membranes, including urinary tract infections. This study aims to evaluate the correlation between bacteriuria and leukocyturia and the incidence of preterm premature rupture of membrane at Wangaya General Hospital Denpasar. This cross-sectional study used the target population of pregnant women undergoing treatment at Wangaya General Hospital. Sampling was carried out using the purposive sampling method. A total of 112 samples were enrolled in this study. Data was taken from the patient’s medical record from January 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023 and then analyzed. Based on the results, the mean age is 27.43 ± 5.95 years. The bivariate analysis showed significant results with an OR of 2.485; CI 95% 1.120–5.510; p = 0.024 for bacteriuria and OR 4.697; CI 95% 1.903–11.595; p < 0.001 for leukocyturia. Furthermore, the multivariate analysis obtained significant results for the leukocyturia variable with an adjusted OR value of 4.697; CI 95% 1.903–11.595; p = 0.001. Therefore, it can be concluded that positive bacteriuria and leukocyturia increase the risk of pregnant patients experiencing preterm PROM.
{"title":"Correlation Between Incidences of Preterm Premature Rupture of Membrane with Leukocyturia and Bacteriuria at Wangaya General Hospital","authors":"Putu Gede Suda Satriya Wibawa, I. M. Mahardika","doi":"10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.4.2135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.4.2135","url":null,"abstract":"Prematurity or preterm birth can lead to perinatal and neonatal deaths. The leading cause of preterm labor is premature rupture of membranes. Infections are one of the leading causes of premature rupture of membranes, including urinary tract infections. This study aims to evaluate the correlation between bacteriuria and leukocyturia and the incidence of preterm premature rupture of membrane at Wangaya General Hospital Denpasar. This cross-sectional study used the target population of pregnant women undergoing treatment at Wangaya General Hospital. Sampling was carried out using the purposive sampling method. A total of 112 samples were enrolled in this study. Data was taken from the patient’s medical record from January 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023 and then analyzed. Based on the results, the mean age is 27.43 ± 5.95 years. The bivariate analysis showed significant results with an OR of 2.485; CI 95% 1.120–5.510; p = 0.024 for bacteriuria and OR 4.697; CI 95% 1.903–11.595; p < 0.001 for leukocyturia. Furthermore, the multivariate analysis obtained significant results for the leukocyturia variable with an adjusted OR value of 4.697; CI 95% 1.903–11.595; p = 0.001. Therefore, it can be concluded that positive bacteriuria and leukocyturia increase the risk of pregnant patients experiencing preterm PROM.","PeriodicalId":508733,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"76 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141798371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-20DOI: 10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.4.2151
Z. Shervani, Intazam Khan, Deepali Bhardwaj, V. Vuyyuru, Adil Ahmed Khan, Diwakar Madan Kumar, Aisha Mahmood
This review article examines the initial incidences stemming from the emergence of the COVID-19 disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The various developments and concepts of COVID-19 disease and the SARS-CoV-2 virus have also been covered. Financial and administrative issues prevented the Tokyo 2020 Olympics from occurring as planned due to the outbreak. As of May 28, 2020, before the Olympic schedule (July 24–August 9, 2020), 5.7 million people had contracted the virus, leading to 355,000 deaths globally. The virus spread, causing deaths that led to the suspension of international travel. The article also discusses SARS-CoV-2 testing, treatment, and vaccine development. The initial phase-wise development and final preparation of vaccines and drugs by companies and research organizations have been mentioned. Experts recommended following well-known 3Cs protocols (avoiding closed spaces and crowded places and contacts) and using a three-layer surgical mask to stop the spread of the virus. In the Dharavi slum (Mumbai, India), no new infections were reported during the second and most damaging Delta wave due to generation of herd immunity among slum dwellers. During the initial Wuhan outbreak, up to 75% of people in the slums developed antibodies from natural infection, which helped prevent further surges. Recently published “Health Index Theory,” which claims that states with better health infrastructure had more infections than those with poor infrastructure, explained why the normalized caseload (per million) varied in different Indian states. Kerala, a state with advanced healthcare infrastructure, reported a higher caseload than Uttar Pradesh, a state with poor health facilities, according to India’s health index. The main text of the article discusses the virus’s ability to survive in different environments and methods for sanitization to help control virus transmission. The cited reference provides additional details. Transmission occurs among humans, between humans and pets, and among pets living together. There was no outbreak due to reverse zoonotic transmission.
{"title":"Initial Developments to Contain SARS-CoV-2 Spread and the Viability of the Virus on Different Surfaces and Environments","authors":"Z. Shervani, Intazam Khan, Deepali Bhardwaj, V. Vuyyuru, Adil Ahmed Khan, Diwakar Madan Kumar, Aisha Mahmood","doi":"10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.4.2151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.4.2151","url":null,"abstract":"This review article examines the initial incidences stemming from the emergence of the COVID-19 disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The various developments and concepts of COVID-19 disease and the SARS-CoV-2 virus have also been covered. Financial and administrative issues prevented the Tokyo 2020 Olympics from occurring as planned due to the outbreak. As of May 28, 2020, before the Olympic schedule (July 24–August 9, 2020), 5.7 million people had contracted the virus, leading to 355,000 deaths globally. The virus spread, causing deaths that led to the suspension of international travel. The article also discusses SARS-CoV-2 testing, treatment, and vaccine development. The initial phase-wise development and final preparation of vaccines and drugs by companies and research organizations have been mentioned. Experts recommended following well-known 3Cs protocols (avoiding closed spaces and crowded places and contacts) and using a three-layer surgical mask to stop the spread of the virus. In the Dharavi slum (Mumbai, India), no new infections were reported during the second and most damaging Delta wave due to generation of herd immunity among slum dwellers. During the initial Wuhan outbreak, up to 75% of people in the slums developed antibodies from natural infection, which helped prevent further surges. Recently published “Health Index Theory,” which claims that states with better health infrastructure had more infections than those with poor infrastructure, explained why the normalized caseload (per million) varied in different Indian states. Kerala, a state with advanced healthcare infrastructure, reported a higher caseload than Uttar Pradesh, a state with poor health facilities, according to India’s health index. The main text of the article discusses the virus’s ability to survive in different environments and methods for sanitization to help control virus transmission. The cited reference provides additional details. Transmission occurs among humans, between humans and pets, and among pets living together. There was no outbreak due to reverse zoonotic transmission.","PeriodicalId":508733,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"107 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141820509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-20DOI: 10.34104/ejmhs.024.01090117
This article delves into the multifaceted world of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), aiming to demystify common misconceptions and emphasize the embrace of neurodiversity. It begins by defining autism, highlighting its spectrum nature and the diverse range of symptoms and characteristics. The discussion then addresses prevalent myths about autism, debunking misconceptions about empathy and social interaction. Central to the article is the concept of neurodiversity, which reframes neurological differences like autism as natural human variations, shifting focus from a cure-centric view to one of acceptance and support. The challenges faced by autistic individuals, including sensory sensitivities, communication barriers, and social difficulties, are explored, underscoring the role of societal understanding and accommodation in alleviating these challenges. The narrative further illuminates the unique strengths and abilities of autistic individuals, such as exceptional attention to detail, strong memory skills, and expertise in specific areas. The article advocates for inclusive and supportive measures in education, workplaces, and communities, proposing practical strategies for societal integration. Personal stories from individuals with autism and their families are interwoven, providing intimate insights into the autistic experience. The article concludes by reinforcing the importance of embracing neurodiversity, not only as a means of supporting autistic individuals but as a pathway to enriching the societal tapestry with diverse perspectives and talents.
{"title":"Understanding Autism: Dispelling Myths and Embracing Neurodiversity","authors":"","doi":"10.34104/ejmhs.024.01090117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34104/ejmhs.024.01090117","url":null,"abstract":"This article delves into the multifaceted world of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), aiming to demystify common misconceptions and emphasize the embrace of neurodiversity. It begins by defining autism, highlighting its spectrum nature and the diverse range of symptoms and characteristics. The discussion then addresses prevalent myths about autism, debunking misconceptions about empathy and social interaction. Central to the article is the concept of neurodiversity, which reframes neurological differences like autism as natural human variations, shifting focus from a cure-centric view to one of acceptance and support. The challenges faced by autistic individuals, including sensory sensitivities, communication barriers, and social difficulties, are explored, underscoring the role of societal understanding and accommodation in alleviating these challenges. The narrative further illuminates the unique strengths and abilities of autistic individuals, such as exceptional attention to detail, strong memory skills, and expertise in specific areas. The article advocates for inclusive and supportive measures in education, workplaces, and communities, proposing practical strategies for societal integration. Personal stories from individuals with autism and their families are interwoven, providing intimate insights into the autistic experience. The article concludes by reinforcing the importance of embracing neurodiversity, not only as a means of supporting autistic individuals but as a pathway to enriching the societal tapestry with diverse perspectives and talents.","PeriodicalId":508733,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141819372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-19DOI: 10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.4.1653
Ezekiel Adamu, Tongjura Joseph Deshi Chingtok, Ruth Jamila Ombugadu, A. B. Yako
Typhoid fever causes major health problems especially in low- and middle-income individuals. A serological study of typhoid fever was carried out among 150 patients attending Nasarawa State University clinic Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria from April to June 2019. Blood samples were collected for Widal test, blood culture and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. Patients aged between 5 to 60 who reported to the clinic with fever (temperature 37.6 °C to 42 °C) were enlisted for the study. A total of 81 (54.0%) of the study participants were females while 69 (46.0%) were males. Out of the 150 patients, 63(42%) were positive with typhoid fever by Widal test, 51 (34%) by blood culture and 82 (54.6%) by ELISA. The sensitivity and specificity values for Widal test were 84% and 88.2% while Positive Predictive Value (PPV) and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) were 84% and 82.3% compared to (gold standard) ELISA (100%), whereas the sensitivity and specificity values for blood culture was 68.0% and 64.7% while PPV and NPV was 62.1% and 64.7% compared to (gold standard) ELISA (100%). Data were analyzed using Chi-square (χ2) to determine the relationship between the variables used, there was a significant relationship between age and gender of the patients, and also, there was a significant relationship between the patients and their respective occupation by Widal test. Blood culture test revealed significant relationship between age and gender, while on the occupation of the patients, there was no co-relationship. A two-by-two (2 × 2) diagnostic was used to determine sensitivity and specificity, PPV and NPV of the diagnostic techniques used. ELISA technique of diagnosis showed higher accuracy than the other techniques used in the study. The findings of this study showed the need for safe portable water to avoid drinking contaminated water in the affected community.
{"title":"Serological Study of Typhoid Fever among Patients Attending Nasarawa State University Clinic Keffi, Nigeria","authors":"Ezekiel Adamu, Tongjura Joseph Deshi Chingtok, Ruth Jamila Ombugadu, A. B. Yako","doi":"10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.4.1653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.4.1653","url":null,"abstract":"Typhoid fever causes major health problems especially in low- and middle-income individuals. A serological study of typhoid fever was carried out among 150 patients attending Nasarawa State University clinic Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria from April to June 2019. Blood samples were collected for Widal test, blood culture and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. Patients aged between 5 to 60 who reported to the clinic with fever (temperature 37.6 °C to 42 °C) were enlisted for the study. A total of 81 (54.0%) of the study participants were females while 69 (46.0%) were males. Out of the 150 patients, 63(42%) were positive with typhoid fever by Widal test, 51 (34%) by blood culture and 82 (54.6%) by ELISA. The sensitivity and specificity values for Widal test were 84% and 88.2% while Positive Predictive Value (PPV) and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) were 84% and 82.3% compared to (gold standard) ELISA (100%), whereas the sensitivity and specificity values for blood culture was 68.0% and 64.7% while PPV and NPV was 62.1% and 64.7% compared to (gold standard) ELISA (100%). Data were analyzed using Chi-square (χ2) to determine the relationship between the variables used, there was a significant relationship between age and gender of the patients, and also, there was a significant relationship between the patients and their respective occupation by Widal test. Blood culture test revealed significant relationship between age and gender, while on the occupation of the patients, there was no co-relationship. A two-by-two (2 × 2) diagnostic was used to determine sensitivity and specificity, PPV and NPV of the diagnostic techniques used. ELISA technique of diagnosis showed higher accuracy than the other techniques used in the study. The findings of this study showed the need for safe portable water to avoid drinking contaminated water in the affected community.","PeriodicalId":508733,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"125 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141821869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-17DOI: 10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.4.2133
Jihad Echnin, Amine El Khamouye, K. Ibahioin, A. Chellaoui, S. Hilmani, Abdessamad Naja, A. Lakhdar
Spina bifida is a group of vertebro-medullary malformations with a common defect in neural tube closure during embryonic life. Myelomeningocele (MMG) is the most frequent anatomical subtype. The aim of this study is to investigate the epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of MMG. It is a retrospective study based on a series of 100 cases of MMG recorded over 10 years in the neurosurgery department of Chu Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, between 2009 and 2019. The frequency of occurrence is an average of 10 cases per year; consanguinity is found in 24% of cases, the most predominant location was lumbar (87%) and accompanied by a motor deficit in 61% of cases, cerebral CT is performed in 94% of cases. Hydrocephalus was present in 83% of patients, orthopedic disorders were found in 75% of cases, 90% of cases studied underwent surgery for the malformation and 83% benefited from ventriculoperitoneal shunting. Our results are similar to those reported in the literature, with a 100% rate of patients operated on in developed countries, and MMG frequently located in the lumbar region. The rate of hydrocephalus associated with MMG is 88%, the associated orthopedic malformations according to other studies vary from 46% to 93.9%, and the rate of patients benefiting from a DVP varies between 60% and 90%. Improving the long-term prognosis requires the collaboration of neurosurgeons, urologists, orthopedists, psychologists, physiotherapists and parents, which will facilitate the patient’s autonomy and social integration.
{"title":"Myelomeningocele about 100 Cases and Review of Literature","authors":"Jihad Echnin, Amine El Khamouye, K. Ibahioin, A. Chellaoui, S. Hilmani, Abdessamad Naja, A. Lakhdar","doi":"10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.4.2133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.4.2133","url":null,"abstract":"Spina bifida is a group of vertebro-medullary malformations with a common defect in neural tube closure during embryonic life. Myelomeningocele (MMG) is the most frequent anatomical subtype. The aim of this study is to investigate the epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of MMG. It is a retrospective study based on a series of 100 cases of MMG recorded over 10 years in the neurosurgery department of Chu Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, between 2009 and 2019. The frequency of occurrence is an average of 10 cases per year; consanguinity is found in 24% of cases, the most predominant location was lumbar (87%) and accompanied by a motor deficit in 61% of cases, cerebral CT is performed in 94% of cases. Hydrocephalus was present in 83% of patients, orthopedic disorders were found in 75% of cases, 90% of cases studied underwent surgery for the malformation and 83% benefited from ventriculoperitoneal shunting. Our results are similar to those reported in the literature, with a 100% rate of patients operated on in developed countries, and MMG frequently located in the lumbar region. The rate of hydrocephalus associated with MMG is 88%, the associated orthopedic malformations according to other studies vary from 46% to 93.9%, and the rate of patients benefiting from a DVP varies between 60% and 90%. Improving the long-term prognosis requires the collaboration of neurosurgeons, urologists, orthopedists, psychologists, physiotherapists and parents, which will facilitate the patient’s autonomy and social integration.","PeriodicalId":508733,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":" 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141830576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.4.2141
Zainab Ayad Abdalredha, D. Mahdi, M. Altemimi
Background. In Iraq, the prevalence rate of toxoplasmosis is variable among different regions according to a few discrete studies. Ninety per cent of toxoplasmosis infections are asymptomatic in immunocompetent people. Aim of Study. To assess the prevalence of seroconversion toxoplasmosis pregnancy outcome among childbearing-age women in Thi-Qar. Patients and Methods. This cross-sectional observational study included pregnant women who were attending different primary care health institutions from September 2023 till April 2024. In-person interviews using a questionnaire administered by the interviewer to gather data on risk variables including age, address, education attained, family history of (DM), number of previous GDM deaths, etc. Results. Pregnant ladies with positive Toxoplasmosis mean age (31.44 ± 6.61) years were significantly older than those with negative Toxoplasmosis (27.27 ± 6.11) years. furthermore, they were having higher weight 77.49 ± 12.15 kg and BMI 31.20 ± 5.28 kgm2 than those negative Toxoplasmsis` (BMI = 29.24 ± 5.13 kgm2) (p-value = 0.03). Women with positive Toxoplasmosis had higher blood glucose 154.42 ± 72.56 mgdL than the other group 114.79 ± 44.67 mgdL (p-value < 0.001), and HbA1c was higher 7.55 ± 1.76 than the other group 6.66 ± 1.18. Toxoplasmosis infestation has a significant effect on the fate of pregnancy as an increase in the risk and frequency of abortion show a significant statically difference with positive toxoplasmosis (71.1% vs. 23.6%). The incidence of congenital malformation was significantly higher among seropositive toxoplasmosis (9%) than those negative (2%). Conclusions. History of abortion, number of abortions, congenital malformation and GDM are significant independent predictors of the infection.
{"title":"Prevalence of Seroconversion Toxoplasmosis and Pregnancy Outcome among Childbearing Age Women in Thi-Qar","authors":"Zainab Ayad Abdalredha, D. Mahdi, M. Altemimi","doi":"10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.4.2141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.4.2141","url":null,"abstract":"Background. In Iraq, the prevalence rate of toxoplasmosis is variable among different regions according to a few discrete studies. Ninety per cent of toxoplasmosis infections are asymptomatic in immunocompetent people. Aim of Study. To assess the prevalence of seroconversion toxoplasmosis pregnancy outcome among childbearing-age women in Thi-Qar. Patients and Methods. This cross-sectional observational study included pregnant women who were attending different primary care health institutions from September 2023 till April 2024. In-person interviews using a questionnaire administered by the interviewer to gather data on risk variables including age, address, education attained, family history of (DM), number of previous GDM deaths, etc. Results. Pregnant ladies with positive Toxoplasmosis mean age (31.44 ± 6.61) years were significantly older than those with negative Toxoplasmosis (27.27 ± 6.11) years. furthermore, they were having higher weight 77.49 ± 12.15 kg and BMI 31.20 ± 5.28 kgm2 than those negative Toxoplasmsis` (BMI = 29.24 ± 5.13 kgm2) (p-value = 0.03). Women with positive Toxoplasmosis had higher blood glucose 154.42 ± 72.56 mgdL than the other group 114.79 ± 44.67 mgdL (p-value < 0.001), and HbA1c was higher 7.55 ± 1.76 than the other group 6.66 ± 1.18. Toxoplasmosis infestation has a significant effect on the fate of pregnancy as an increase in the risk and frequency of abortion show a significant statically difference with positive toxoplasmosis (71.1% vs. 23.6%). The incidence of congenital malformation was significantly higher among seropositive toxoplasmosis (9%) than those negative (2%). Conclusions. History of abortion, number of abortions, congenital malformation and GDM are significant independent predictors of the infection.","PeriodicalId":508733,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":" 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141832638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.4.2139
Dinesh Khadka, Smriti Karki, Meenu Agrawal, Rajat Agrawal
Background. Breast carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor and the leading cause of carcinoma death in women. Since the easiest way of diagnosing breast carcinoma is Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC), it is important to perform grading of the malignancy on aspirates obtained as it will provide valuable information for further management. Materials and Methods. It is a hospital-based prospective study conducted in the Department of Pathology (Cytopathology and Histopathology) at B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal for one year, including forty-five (45) cases. Results. ost patients were in the age group 41–50 years. The most common type of carcinoma detected was an Infiltrating ductal carcinoma followed by Infiltrating lobular carcinoma. The correlation between cytopathology and histopathology findings was evaluated by utilizing the Simplified Black grading Modified Black grading, Hunt’s grading, and Nottingham Modification of Scarff-Bloom-Richardson grading system all of then showed more than 80% concordance rate. Conclusion. Grading of breast malignancy obtained from Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology smears is easy to perform and has a high concordance rate with histological grading.
背景。乳腺癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤，也是导致女性癌症死亡的主要原因。由于诊断乳腺癌最简单的方法是细针抽吸细胞学检查（FNAC），因此对抽吸出的恶性肿瘤进行分级非常重要，因为这将为进一步的治疗提供有价值的信息。材料和方法。这是一项以医院为基础的前瞻性研究，在尼泊尔达兰市 B.P. 柯伊拉腊健康科学研究所病理科（细胞病理学和组织病理学）进行，为期一年，包括 45 个病例。结果显示，大多数患者的年龄在 41-50 岁之间。最常见的癌类型是浸润性导管癌，其次是浸润性小叶癌。细胞病理学和组织病理学结果之间的相关性是通过简化布莱克分级法（Simplified Black grading Modified Black grading）、亨特分级法（Hunt's grading）和诺丁汉斯卡夫-布鲁姆-理查森分级法（Nottingham Modified of Scarff-Bloom-Richardson grading system）进行评估的，所有这些方法的吻合率均超过 80%。结论从细针抽吸细胞学涂片中获得的乳腺恶性肿瘤分级很容易进行，而且与组织学分级的吻合率很高。
{"title":"Cytological Grading of Breast Carcinoma and Its Correlation with Histological Grading","authors":"Dinesh Khadka, Smriti Karki, Meenu Agrawal, Rajat Agrawal","doi":"10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.4.2139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.4.2139","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Breast carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor and the leading cause of carcinoma death in women. Since the easiest way of diagnosing breast carcinoma is Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC), it is important to perform grading of the malignancy on aspirates obtained as it will provide valuable information for further management. Materials and Methods. It is a hospital-based prospective study conducted in the Department of Pathology (Cytopathology and Histopathology) at B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal for one year, including forty-five (45) cases. Results. ost patients were in the age group 41–50 years. The most common type of carcinoma detected was an Infiltrating ductal carcinoma followed by Infiltrating lobular carcinoma. The correlation between cytopathology and histopathology findings was evaluated by utilizing the Simplified Black grading Modified Black grading, Hunt’s grading, and Nottingham Modification of Scarff-Bloom-Richardson grading system all of then showed more than 80% concordance rate. Conclusion. Grading of breast malignancy obtained from Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology smears is easy to perform and has a high concordance rate with histological grading.","PeriodicalId":508733,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":" 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141833433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-13DOI: 10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.4.2145
Kalliroi-Antonia Passadi, Zoi Fryda, Panagiotis Lepetsos, Christos P. Zafeiris
Tetracyclines have various connections to total joint arthroplasties, including their potential use in perioperative infection prophylaxis, treatment of periprosthetic infections and mitigation of complications such as osteolysis and aseptic loosening. The present study is a narrative review focusing on the potential association of tetracyclines with joint arthroplasties. Tetracyclines have several potential uses in the context of arthroplasties, although they are not commonly used as prophylactic antibiotics during surgery due to concerns about their efficacy against the typical pathogens associated with surgical site infections. However, in the case of prosthetic joint infections, tetracyclines may be considered as part of the antibiotic regimen. After successful treatment of a prosthetic joint infection, some patients may require long-term antibiotic suppression therapy to prevent the recurrence of infection. Tetracyclines, such as doxycycline, may be one option for long-term oral antibiotic therapy in these cases. Minocycline-induced black bone disease and skin pigmentation are adverse events that should be taken into consideration, in terms of joint arthroplasties. The use of doxycycline in the prevention of osteolysis and aseptic loosening is an area of interest and ongoing research in orthopedic surgery, particularly in the context of total joint arthroplasties. Finally, tetracycline labeling in bones can provide valuable insights into implant incorporation and aseptic loosening of prosthetic joints.
{"title":"Role of Tetracyclines in Joint Arthroplasties","authors":"Kalliroi-Antonia Passadi, Zoi Fryda, Panagiotis Lepetsos, Christos P. Zafeiris","doi":"10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.4.2145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.4.2145","url":null,"abstract":"Tetracyclines have various connections to total joint arthroplasties, including their potential use in perioperative infection prophylaxis, treatment of periprosthetic infections and mitigation of complications such as osteolysis and aseptic loosening. The present study is a narrative review focusing on the potential association of tetracyclines with joint arthroplasties. Tetracyclines have several potential uses in the context of arthroplasties, although they are not commonly used as prophylactic antibiotics during surgery due to concerns about their efficacy against the typical pathogens associated with surgical site infections. However, in the case of prosthetic joint infections, tetracyclines may be considered as part of the antibiotic regimen. After successful treatment of a prosthetic joint infection, some patients may require long-term antibiotic suppression therapy to prevent the recurrence of infection. Tetracyclines, such as doxycycline, may be one option for long-term oral antibiotic therapy in these cases. Minocycline-induced black bone disease and skin pigmentation are adverse events that should be taken into consideration, in terms of joint arthroplasties. The use of doxycycline in the prevention of osteolysis and aseptic loosening is an area of interest and ongoing research in orthopedic surgery, particularly in the context of total joint arthroplasties. Finally, tetracycline labeling in bones can provide valuable insights into implant incorporation and aseptic loosening of prosthetic joints.","PeriodicalId":508733,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141834113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.3.2084
Masina Ndalana D’assise, Rakotozanany Patrick Sandra, Harimbonona Zo Miantsa, Ratovondrainy Willy, R. Seizeur, Elsa Magro
Adenohypophysis oncocytoma is a rare tumor of the pituitary region. In clinical and biological terms, the oncocytomas with fusiform cells are identical to other sellar tumors. We report a new case of oncocytoma of adenomhypophysis discovered by a head injury. The only diagnosis was confirmed by the presence of richly vascularized fusiform tumor cells whose cytoplasm is oncocyte and contains many mitochondria with no necrosis and some mitoses in anatomopathologic examination. The basic treatment is surgical excision by the endonasal endoscopic route. Radiotherapy and surgical revision are essential in the event of tumor recurrence.
{"title":"A Case of Oncocytoma of Adenomhypophysis Discovered by a Head Injury","authors":"Masina Ndalana D’assise, Rakotozanany Patrick Sandra, Harimbonona Zo Miantsa, Ratovondrainy Willy, R. Seizeur, Elsa Magro","doi":"10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.3.2084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.3.2084","url":null,"abstract":"Adenohypophysis oncocytoma is a rare tumor of the pituitary region. In clinical and biological terms, the oncocytomas with fusiform cells are identical to other sellar tumors. We report a new case of oncocytoma of adenomhypophysis discovered by a head injury. The only diagnosis was confirmed by the presence of richly vascularized fusiform tumor cells whose cytoplasm is oncocyte and contains many mitochondria with no necrosis and some mitoses in anatomopathologic examination. The basic treatment is surgical excision by the endonasal endoscopic route. Radiotherapy and surgical revision are essential in the event of tumor recurrence.","PeriodicalId":508733,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"9 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141346693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-12DOI: 10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.3.2116
N. Mtalai, Sara Ettourni, Kawtar El Hadi, Z. Laftimi, G. Daghouj, L. El maaloum, B. Allali, A. EL kettani
Keratolysis or corneal melting is a very rare situation that might occur in different inflammatory systemic diseases such as Sjogren syndrome. In the case of sterile corneal ulcers, characterized by the absence of ocular inflammation, the optimal treatment has not yet been established. We report the case of a unilateral aseptic keratolysis revealing primitive Sjogren guzzler syndrome and having responded well to the treatment. Clinical case: a 56-year-old woman who presented with a notion of inflammatory polyarthralgia for 4 years with self-medication by oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs NSAID presented a month before her first examination, a reduced visual acuity with foreign body sensation in both eyes. After a month of ophthalmic examination for a corneal ulcer, the visual acuity dropped to HM, and the examination found a corneal perforation measuring less than 1 mm with a positive spontaneous seidel and an athalamia. A treatment with cyanoacrylate glue was performed along with medical treatment. A labial biopsy performed found a lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of the exocrine gland in favor of a primitive Gougerot Sjogren syndrome. Gougerot-Sjögren syndrome is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by damage to the exocrine glands, in particular the lacrimal and salivary glands. The treatment of corneal perforations is based on different choices such as cyanoacrylate glue, amniotic graft, conjunctival recovery, and keratoplasty.
{"title":"Corneal Melting in Undiagnosed Goujerot Sjogren’s Syndrome: A Case Report","authors":"N. Mtalai, Sara Ettourni, Kawtar El Hadi, Z. Laftimi, G. Daghouj, L. El maaloum, B. Allali, A. EL kettani","doi":"10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.3.2116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2024.6.3.2116","url":null,"abstract":"Keratolysis or corneal melting is a very rare situation that might occur in different inflammatory systemic diseases such as Sjogren syndrome. In the case of sterile corneal ulcers, characterized by the absence of ocular inflammation, the optimal treatment has not yet been established. We report the case of a unilateral aseptic keratolysis revealing primitive Sjogren guzzler syndrome and having responded well to the treatment. Clinical case: a 56-year-old woman who presented with a notion of inflammatory polyarthralgia for 4 years with self-medication by oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs NSAID presented a month before her first examination, a reduced visual acuity with foreign body sensation in both eyes. After a month of ophthalmic examination for a corneal ulcer, the visual acuity dropped to HM, and the examination found a corneal perforation measuring less than 1 mm with a positive spontaneous seidel and an athalamia. A treatment with cyanoacrylate glue was performed along with medical treatment. A labial biopsy performed found a lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of the exocrine gland in favor of a primitive Gougerot Sjogren syndrome. Gougerot-Sjögren syndrome is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by damage to the exocrine glands, in particular the lacrimal and salivary glands. The treatment of corneal perforations is based on different choices such as cyanoacrylate glue, amniotic graft, conjunctival recovery, and keratoplasty.","PeriodicalId":508733,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"139 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141350973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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