According to the European Union definition, a rare disease is a disease that occurs with a frequency of less than 5 per 10,000. Rare diseases pose a major diagnostic problem for physicians. Due to the often uncharacteristic symptoms and rarity of the disease, it can take a long time before a correct diagnosis and treatment is made. Fabry disease is classified as a rare disease. It is an X-linked hereditary syndrome caused by alpha-galactosidase A deficiency. This leads to accumulation of glycosphingolipids in tissues and dysfunction of many organs. The clinical picture is variable and dependent on residual alpha-galactosidase A activity. The classic form of the disease occurs most often in males due to the presence of only one X chromosome. When alpha-galactosidase A activity is partially preserved, a non-classical form develops, which is more commonly seen in the female sex. The most common clinical manifestations reported by patients are angiokeratoma, anhidrosis, diarrhoea or left ventricular hypertrophy. To diagnose Fabry disease, alpha-galactosidase A activity can be measured in whole blood - dry blood drop test (DBS), plasma or leukocytes. Fabry disease can be treated effectively, but treatment must last for life. The treatments reimbursed in Poland are agalsidase alfa and beta preparations and migalastat.
根据欧盟的定义，罕见病是一种发病率低于万分之五的疾病。罕见病给医生带来了很大的诊断难题。由于这种疾病的症状往往不典型，而且非常罕见，因此可能需要很长时间才能做出正确的诊断和治疗。法布里病属于罕见病。它是一种由α-半乳糖苷酶A缺乏症引起的X连锁遗传综合征。这种病会导致糖磷脂在组织中积聚，许多器官出现功能障碍。临床表现多种多样，取决于残留的α-半乳糖苷酶 A 活性。由于只有一条 X 染色体，该病的典型形式多见于男性。当α-半乳糖苷酶 A 的活性部分保留下来时，就会出现非典型形式，这种疾病更常见于女性。患者最常见的临床表现是血管角化瘤、多汗、腹泻或左心室肥大。要诊断法布里病，可在全血--干血滴试验（DBS）、血浆或白细胞中测量α-半乳糖苷酶 A 的活性。法布里病可以得到有效治疗，但治疗必须持续终生。在波兰，可报销的治疗药物有阿加西酶 alfa 和 beta 制剂以及米格司他。
{"title":"When should we think about Fabry disease?","authors":"Natalia Chojnacka, Radosław Cymer, Karolina Jurasz, Dominika Podgórska, Ewa Rzeska, Miłosz Sanecki, Karolina Tomczyk, Jakub Klarycki","doi":"10.12775/jehs.2024.54.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.54.002","url":null,"abstract":"According to the European Union definition, a rare disease is a disease that occurs with a frequency of less than 5 per 10,000. Rare diseases pose a major diagnostic problem for physicians. Due to the often uncharacteristic symptoms and rarity of the disease, it can take a long time before a correct diagnosis and treatment is made. Fabry disease is classified as a rare disease. It is an X-linked hereditary syndrome caused by alpha-galactosidase A deficiency. This leads to accumulation of glycosphingolipids in tissues and dysfunction of many organs. The clinical picture is variable and dependent on residual alpha-galactosidase A activity. The classic form of the disease occurs most often in males due to the presence of only one X chromosome. When alpha-galactosidase A activity is partially preserved, a non-classical form develops, which is more commonly seen in the female sex. The most common clinical manifestations reported by patients are angiokeratoma, anhidrosis, diarrhoea or left ventricular hypertrophy. To diagnose Fabry disease, alpha-galactosidase A activity can be measured in whole blood - dry blood drop test (DBS), plasma or leukocytes. Fabry disease can be treated effectively, but treatment must last for life. The treatments reimbursed in Poland are agalsidase alfa and beta preparations and migalastat.","PeriodicalId":509157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education, Health and Sport","volume":"1 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139525110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-19DOI: 10.12775/jehs.2024.53.014
Beata Getka, Kinga Przyborowska, Mateusz Rukat, Michał Łata, Justyna Kwiecień, Katarzyna Wiejak
Hair loss is a problem that affects many people around the world. Androgenic alopecia (AGA) is the most common cause of hair loss affecting up to 50% of men and 40% of women over the age of 50. This type of hair loss is mediated by androgens, the strongest of which is dihydrotestosterone (DHT). This hormone influences the weakening hair follicles. The problem of excess DHT and the associated androgenic hair loss may concern people practicing sports, especially aerobic disciplines of moderate and high intensity. In the recent decades, many topical and oral therapies have been introduced to delay and stop hair loss. However, commonly used medications have only a partial and temporary effect, therefore alternative treatment methods are needed. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is known, among other things, for its use in orthopedics. The use of PRP may benefit athletes in the treatment of injuries to tendons, ligaments, muscles and cartilage. Many publications indicate good results with the use of PRP in the treatment of hair loss. The aim of this study is to summarise the published reports on the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on hair loss prevention in people with androgenic alopecia (AGA) and to analyse the papers discussing androgen levels in physically active people.
{"title":"Platelet-rich plasma therapy in the treatment of androgenic alopecia – review","authors":"Beata Getka, Kinga Przyborowska, Mateusz Rukat, Michał Łata, Justyna Kwiecień, Katarzyna Wiejak","doi":"10.12775/jehs.2024.53.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.53.014","url":null,"abstract":"Hair loss is a problem that affects many people around the world. Androgenic alopecia (AGA) is the most common cause of hair loss affecting up to 50% of men and 40% of women over the age of 50. This type of hair loss is mediated by androgens, the strongest of which is dihydrotestosterone (DHT). This hormone influences the weakening hair follicles. The problem of excess DHT and the associated androgenic hair loss may concern people practicing sports, especially aerobic disciplines of moderate and high intensity. In the recent decades, many topical and oral therapies have been introduced to delay and stop hair loss. However, commonly used medications have only a partial and temporary effect, therefore alternative treatment methods are needed. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is known, among other things, for its use in orthopedics. The use of PRP may benefit athletes in the treatment of injuries to tendons, ligaments, muscles and cartilage. Many publications indicate good results with the use of PRP in the treatment of hair loss. \u0000The aim of this study is to summarise the published reports on the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on hair loss prevention in people with androgenic alopecia (AGA) and to analyse the papers discussing androgen levels in physically active people.","PeriodicalId":509157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education, Health and Sport","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139612912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-19DOI: 10.12775/jehs.2024.54.001
Alicja Grabarczyk, Martyna Grabowska-Szczurek, Jakub Rybak, Karol Magiera, Barbara Magiera, Piotr Bator, Michał Razik, Patrycja Rozwadowska
Introduction and purpose: The human body hosts a diverse ecosystem of commensal microbes, known as the human microbiome. This review aims to asses the current state of knowledge regarding the effectiveness, mechanisms of action, and potential benefits of probiotic supplementation in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. Materials and methods: A literature review was conducted using the “PubMed” and “Google Scholar” databases with the keywords “Probiotics”, “Gut Microbiome”, “Probiotics and the treatment of Crohns Disease”, “Probiotics and the treatment of Colitis Ulcerosa”. State of knowledge: Dysbiosis is known to disrupt the function of the intestinal mucosis and has been associated with chronic tissue inflammation. The use of probiotics is a promising method to improve the state of gut microbiota. It is known that the gut microbiome is disrupted in inflammatory bowel diseases. Summary: The use of probiotics in Ulcerative Colitis is supported by a significant amount of evidence supporting its effectiveness. In the case of Crohn’s Disease there is a lack of evidence to definitively determine whether the use of probiotics yields therapeutic benefits. Therefore there is a need for further research in this area.
{"title":"Probiotic supplementation as a supportive treatment in inflammatory bowel diseases - literature overview","authors":"Alicja Grabarczyk, Martyna Grabowska-Szczurek, Jakub Rybak, Karol Magiera, Barbara Magiera, Piotr Bator, Michał Razik, Patrycja Rozwadowska","doi":"10.12775/jehs.2024.54.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.54.001","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and purpose: The human body hosts a diverse ecosystem of commensal microbes, known as the human microbiome. This review aims to asses the current state of knowledge regarding the effectiveness, mechanisms of action, and potential benefits of probiotic supplementation in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. \u0000Materials and methods: A literature review was conducted using the “PubMed” and “Google Scholar” databases with the keywords “Probiotics”, “Gut Microbiome”, “Probiotics and the treatment of Crohns Disease”, “Probiotics and the treatment of Colitis Ulcerosa”. \u0000State of knowledge: Dysbiosis is known to disrupt the function of the intestinal mucosis and has been associated with chronic tissue inflammation. The use of probiotics is a promising method to improve the state of gut microbiota. It is known that the gut microbiome is disrupted in inflammatory bowel diseases. \u0000Summary: The use of probiotics in Ulcerative Colitis is supported by a significant amount of evidence supporting its effectiveness. In the case of Crohn’s Disease there is a lack of evidence to definitively determine whether the use of probiotics yields therapeutic benefits. Therefore there is a need for further research in this area.","PeriodicalId":509157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education, Health and Sport","volume":"9 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139525912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-18DOI: 10.12775/jehs.2024.53.010
Michał Łata, Beata Getka, Justyna Kwiecień, Kinga Przyborowska, Katarzyna Wiejak, Mateusz Rukat
L-theanine is an amino-acid found in green tea (Camellia sinensis), a beverage consumed by people all around the world. Its chemical structure is similar to L-glutamic acid. L-theanine acts as an antagonist of AMPA and kainate receptors as well as partial co-agonist of the NMDA receptors. The application may be associated with several health benefits, such as improvements in cognition, reduction of stress and anxiety-like symptoms. Although the dosage of L-theanine in green tea, which is around 20 mg per tea, is not very likely to have meaningful impact on mental health, supplementation of doses 200-400 mg/day has shown some promising advantages.Despite some evidence towards beneficial impact of L-theanine on mental health, longer-term and larger cohort clinical studies are required in order to justify its application for patients suffering from such diseases as anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and sleep disorders. What is more, it is more possible to act as a therapy augmentation in particular cases, rather than conventional therapy replacement.
{"title":"The application of L-theanine for patients with mental health conditions - a review","authors":"Michał Łata, Beata Getka, Justyna Kwiecień, Kinga Przyborowska, Katarzyna Wiejak, Mateusz Rukat","doi":"10.12775/jehs.2024.53.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.53.010","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000L-theanine is an amino-acid found in green tea (Camellia sinensis), a beverage consumed by people all around the world. Its chemical structure is similar to L-glutamic acid. L-theanine acts as an antagonist of AMPA and kainate receptors as well as partial co-agonist of the NMDA receptors. The application may be associated with several health benefits, such as improvements in cognition, reduction of stress and anxiety-like symptoms. Although the dosage of L-theanine in green tea, which is around 20 mg per tea, is not very likely to have meaningful impact on mental health, supplementation of doses 200-400 mg/day has shown some promising advantages.Despite some evidence towards beneficial impact of L-theanine on mental health, longer-term and larger cohort clinical studies are required in order to justify its application for patients suffering from such diseases as anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and sleep disorders. What is more, it is more possible to act as a therapy augmentation in particular cases, rather than conventional therapy replacement. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":509157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education, Health and Sport","volume":"107 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139614464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-18DOI: 10.12775/jehs.2024.53.009
Amelia Kasprzak, Aleksandra Mańkowska, Monika Truchta, Agata Kolano, Wiktoria Jabłońska, Marta Wardęszkiewicz, Szymon Markowiak, Maciej Świercz, Anna Pejas
Introduction : Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is the most common autoimmune disease and the leading cause of hypothyroidism in the world. The condition results in damage to the thyroid gland, brought about by the infiltration of lymphocytes. For the majority of individuals with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, a lifelong requirement for levothyroxine substitution is required. The potential contribution of diet and supplements to the management of HT is frequently overlooked. Low vitamin D levels are said to play a significant role in occurrence and severity of autoimmune thyroiditis. Currently, there is a continuing discussion regarding the optimal plasma concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D necessary for preventing or treating autoimmune diseases. Aim of the study : The purpose of this literature review is to evaluate the influence of vitamin D supplementation on the course of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis in the light of most up to date research. Materials and methods. This article is a review of publications obtained from the PubMed database, published between 2017-2023, based on the keywords "Hashimoto thyroiditis" "vitamin D" and "autoimmune thyroid disease". Conclusions. The correlation of vitamin D supplementation and Hashimoto’s disease still remains unclear due to conflicting results from numerous studies. Further research is necessary to accurately determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
导言：桥本氏甲状腺炎（HT）是世界上最常见的自身免疫性疾病，也是导致甲状腺功能减退的主要原因。淋巴细胞的浸润导致甲状腺受损。对于大多数桥本氏甲状腺炎患者来说，需要终身服用左甲状腺素替代品。饮食和补充剂对治疗桥本氏甲状腺炎的潜在作用常常被忽视。据说，维生素 D 水平过低在自身免疫性甲状腺炎的发生和严重程度中起着重要作用。目前，关于预防或治疗自身免疫性疾病所需的 25- 羟基维生素 D 的最佳血浆浓度的讨论仍在继续。 研究目的：本文献综述旨在根据最新研究结果，评估补充维生素 D 对桥本氏甲状腺炎病程的影响。 材料和方法。本文以 "桥本氏甲状腺炎""维生素 D "和 "自身免疫性甲状腺疾病 "为关键词，对从 PubMed 数据库中获取的 2017-2023 年间发表的文献进行了综述。 结论是由于众多研究结果相互矛盾，维生素D补充剂与桥本氏病的相关性仍不明确。要准确确定补充维生素D对桥本氏甲状腺炎的影响，还需要进一步的研究。
{"title":"Vitamin D supplementation in patients with Hashimoto’s disease","authors":"Amelia Kasprzak, Aleksandra Mańkowska, Monika Truchta, Agata Kolano, Wiktoria Jabłońska, Marta Wardęszkiewicz, Szymon Markowiak, Maciej Świercz, Anna Pejas","doi":"10.12775/jehs.2024.53.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.53.009","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction : Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is the most common autoimmune disease and the leading cause of hypothyroidism in the world. The condition results in damage to the thyroid gland, brought about by the infiltration of lymphocytes. For the majority of individuals with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, a lifelong requirement for levothyroxine substitution is required. The potential contribution of diet and supplements to the management of HT is frequently overlooked. Low vitamin D levels are said to play a significant role in occurrence and severity of autoimmune thyroiditis. Currently, there is a continuing discussion regarding the optimal plasma concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D necessary for preventing or treating autoimmune diseases. \u0000 \u0000Aim of the study : The purpose of this literature review is to evaluate the influence of vitamin D supplementation on the course of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis in the light of most up to date research. \u0000 \u0000Materials and methods. This article is a review of publications obtained from the PubMed database, published between 2017-2023, based on the keywords \"Hashimoto thyroiditis\" \"vitamin D\" and \"autoimmune thyroid disease\". \u0000 \u0000Conclusions. The correlation of vitamin D supplementation and Hashimoto’s disease still remains unclear due to conflicting results from numerous studies. Further research is necessary to accurately determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.","PeriodicalId":509157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education, Health and Sport","volume":"88 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139526457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-18DOI: 10.12775/jehs.2024.53.012
A. Martyka, Martyna Kubicka-Figiel, Nina Taborska
Introduction Dry eye syndrome, as defined by TFOS, is a multifactorial ocular surface disease with tear film instability, hyperosmolarity, inflammation, and neuro-sensory abnormalities. With a prevalence between 6.5% and 52.4%, it poses a substantial public health challenge, significantly affecting patients' quality of life. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation is often suggested by clinicians as an adjunctive treatment, offering potential benefits across various levels. Aim of the study The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of oral supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids on the treatment of dry eye syndrome. Materials and methods Literature selections of PubMed and Google Scholar databases from the last seven years (2016-2023) were performed. Articles were searched in English using the following keywords: dry eye disease; omega-3; fatty acid. Results Omega-3 fatty acids may have benefits in the treatment of dry eye syndrome, as argued by a number of potential mechanisms of action. However, the literature does not agree on the efficacy of their use in the treatment of dry eye syndrome, and thus there is insufficient evidence to bring omega-3 acids into the standard of treatment for dry eye syndrome. Conclusion Studies on the effect of oral supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids on the treatment of dry eye syndrome are at an early stage and need to be continued to improve knowledge. There is a need for further long-term studies to standardize conclusions about the efficacy of these acids in reducing dry eye symptoms.
{"title":"Exploring the Efficacy of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in Dry Eye Disease: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"A. Martyka, Martyna Kubicka-Figiel, Nina Taborska","doi":"10.12775/jehs.2024.53.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.53.012","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000Dry eye syndrome, as defined by TFOS, is a multifactorial ocular surface disease with tear film instability, hyperosmolarity, inflammation, and neuro-sensory abnormalities. With a prevalence between 6.5% and 52.4%, it poses a substantial public health challenge, significantly affecting patients' quality of life. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation is often suggested by clinicians as an adjunctive treatment, offering potential benefits across various levels. \u0000 \u0000Aim of the study \u0000The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of oral supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids on the treatment of dry eye syndrome. \u0000Materials and methods \u0000Literature selections of PubMed and Google Scholar databases from the last seven years (2016-2023) were performed. Articles were searched in English using the following keywords: dry eye disease; omega-3; fatty acid. \u0000Results \u0000Omega-3 fatty acids may have benefits in the treatment of dry eye syndrome, as argued by a number of potential mechanisms of action. However, the literature does not agree on the efficacy of their use in the treatment of dry eye syndrome, and thus there is insufficient evidence to bring omega-3 acids into the standard of treatment for dry eye syndrome. \u0000Conclusion \u0000Studies on the effect of oral supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids on the treatment of dry eye syndrome are at an early stage and need to be continued to improve knowledge. There is a need for further long-term studies to standardize conclusions about the efficacy of these acids in reducing dry eye symptoms.","PeriodicalId":509157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education, Health and Sport","volume":"5 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139525966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-18DOI: 10.12775/jehs.2024.53.011
Dawid Kościołek, Michał Urbaś, Jakub Misiak, Aleksandra Kościołek, Martyna Kępczyk, Oliwia Czekaj, Miłosz Ojdana, Kaja Surowiecka, Oliwia Kwaśniewska, Yehor Demianenko
Introduction and aim of work: The parkinsonian syndrome is a component of Parkinson's disease. A thorough neurological examination can detect symptoms belonging to the parkinsonian syndrome. Diagnosis using the Queen Square Brain Bank criteria is based on the presence of bradykinesia along with one additional symptom in the patient. These include muscle rigidity or resting tremors at a frequency of 4-6 Hz, or postural disturbances that cannot be explained by visual, vestibular, cerebellar, or deep sensory disorders. The parkinsonian syndrome can occur in idiopathic Parkinson's disease, hereditary disorders, secondary parkinsonism, or be part of an atypical parkinsonian syndrome. The aim of the study was to discuss the diagnostic features and differences in the occurrence of the parkinsonian syndrome as a component of Parkinson's disease, both within the context of other neurological disorders. Materials and methods: The foundation of the research was medical articles gathered from the Google Scholar database. The studies were conducted by analyzing keywords such as "parkinsonism," "drug-induced parkinsonism," and "vascular parkinsonism." Results: Secondary parkinsonism, or secondary parkinsonism syndrome, can be indicated by clinical features such as: disease onset below the age of 40, abrupt onset, rapid disease progression, symptoms related to medication use, and symptoms associated with the underlying condition. In addition to clinical evaluation, imaging studies are also employed. Various conditions can lead to the development of secondary parkinsonism, including hydrocephalus, brain tumors, encephalitis, cerebral atherosclerosis, traumatic brain injuries, medications, and poisoning. The aforementioned conditions exert different mechanisms of influence on the central nervous system.
{"title":"The effects that secondary parkinsonian syndromes have on health status","authors":"Dawid Kościołek, Michał Urbaś, Jakub Misiak, Aleksandra Kościołek, Martyna Kępczyk, Oliwia Czekaj, Miłosz Ojdana, Kaja Surowiecka, Oliwia Kwaśniewska, Yehor Demianenko","doi":"10.12775/jehs.2024.53.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.53.011","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and aim of work:\u0000The parkinsonian syndrome is a component of Parkinson's disease. A thorough neurological examination can detect symptoms belonging to the parkinsonian syndrome. Diagnosis using the Queen Square Brain Bank criteria is based on the presence of bradykinesia along with one additional symptom in the patient. These include muscle rigidity or resting tremors at a frequency of 4-6 Hz, or postural disturbances that cannot be explained by visual, vestibular, cerebellar, or deep sensory disorders. The parkinsonian syndrome can occur in idiopathic Parkinson's disease, hereditary disorders, secondary parkinsonism, or be part of an atypical parkinsonian syndrome.\u0000The aim of the study was to discuss the diagnostic features and differences in the occurrence of the parkinsonian syndrome as a component of Parkinson's disease, both within the context of other neurological disorders.\u0000Materials and methods: The foundation of the research was medical articles gathered from the Google Scholar database. The studies were conducted by analyzing keywords such as \"parkinsonism,\" \"drug-induced parkinsonism,\" and \"vascular parkinsonism.\"\u0000Results: Secondary parkinsonism, or secondary parkinsonism syndrome, can be indicated by clinical features such as: disease onset below the age of 40, abrupt onset, rapid disease progression, symptoms related to medication use, and symptoms associated with the underlying condition. In addition to clinical evaluation, imaging studies are also employed. Various conditions can lead to the development of secondary parkinsonism, including hydrocephalus, brain tumors, encephalitis, cerebral atherosclerosis, traumatic brain injuries, medications, and poisoning. The aforementioned conditions exert different mechanisms of influence on the central nervous system.","PeriodicalId":509157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education, Health and Sport","volume":"118 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139614031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-17DOI: 10.12775/jehs.2024.53.007
Mateusz Rukat, Kinga Przyborowska, Justyna Kwiecień, Beata Getka, Katarzyna Wiejak, Michał Łata
Introduction and purpose: The main aim of our study is to summarise existing knowledge and draw conclusions about the impact of magnesium deficiency on the occurrence of anxiety. Methodology: The literature available in the National Library of Medicine database at https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov and Google Scholar was reviewed. Articles were searched by using keywords: magnesium, deficiency, supplementation, anxiety disorders. Forty-seven research papers and meta-analyses were analysed. Description of the state of knowledge: Magnesium is an extremely important mineral in the human body involved in many physiological processes. A deficiency of this element affects the whole body and can cause mental disorders - including anxiety disorders. There are many theories showing a link between magnesium and anxiety disorders in both humans and animals. Magnesium has been shown to influence the function of neurotransmitters affecting the experience of anxiety. Supplementation in people with hypomagnesaemia has been proven to improve their health and well-being. However, it should be noted that supplements on the market vary in the bioavailability of the mineral, and the frequency of intake and dosage also affect the bioavailability of magnesium. Conclusions: It is important to ensure adequate levels of magnesium in the diet, given its impact on the proper functioning of the human body (including the nervous system) and the fact that most people consume insufficient amounts of this macronutrient. Evidence of a link between magnesium levels and anxiety has led to increased interest in the potential efficacy of magnesium supplementation to alleviate anxiety symptoms.
{"title":"The relationship between magnesium deficiency and anxiety, the therapeutic effects of magnesium supplementation – literature review","authors":"Mateusz Rukat, Kinga Przyborowska, Justyna Kwiecień, Beata Getka, Katarzyna Wiejak, Michał Łata","doi":"10.12775/jehs.2024.53.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.53.007","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and purpose: The main aim of our study is to summarise existing knowledge and draw conclusions about the impact of magnesium deficiency on the occurrence of anxiety.\u0000Methodology: The literature available in the National Library of Medicine database at https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov and Google Scholar was reviewed. Articles were searched by using keywords: magnesium, deficiency, supplementation, anxiety disorders. Forty-seven research papers and meta-analyses were analysed.\u0000Description of the state of knowledge: Magnesium is an extremely important mineral in the human body involved in many physiological processes. A deficiency of this element affects the whole body and can cause mental disorders - including anxiety disorders. There are many theories showing a link between magnesium and anxiety disorders in both humans and animals. Magnesium has been shown to influence the function of neurotransmitters affecting the experience of anxiety. Supplementation in people with hypomagnesaemia has been proven to improve their health and well-being. However, it should be noted that supplements on the market vary in the bioavailability of the mineral, and the frequency of intake and dosage also affect the bioavailability of magnesium.\u0000Conclusions: It is important to ensure adequate levels of magnesium in the diet, given its impact on the proper functioning of the human body (including the nervous system) and the fact that most people consume insufficient amounts of this macronutrient. Evidence of a link between magnesium levels and anxiety has led to increased interest in the potential efficacy of magnesium supplementation to alleviate anxiety symptoms.","PeriodicalId":509157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education, Health and Sport","volume":"113 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139616336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-17DOI: 10.12775/jehs.2024.53.006
Maciej Świercz, Szymon Markowiak, Marta Wardęszkiewicz, Wiktoria Jabłońska, Amelia Kasprzak, Monika Truchta, Aleksandra Mańkowska, Agata Kolano, Anna Pejas
Cerebral edema, characterized by abnormal fluid accumulation in brain tissue leading to increased intracranial pressure, poses significant challenges for anesthesiologists. This review delves into the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, pharmacological strategies, and anesthesiological considerations associated with cerebral edema. Disruptions in the blood-brain barrier, alterations in cerebral blood flow, cellular swelling, and aquaporin dysregulation contribute to the complexity of cerebral edema. Clinical presentations vary, encompassing cognitive changes, seizures, and neurological deficits. Accurate diagnosis relies on clinical assessments and neuroimaging, with MRI and CT scans playing pivotal roles. Pharmacological interventions, including osmotic agents, corticosteroids, diuretics, and barbiturates, target specific causes and symptoms. Anesthesiological challenges encompass ICP monitoring, choice of anesthetic agents, maintenance of cerebral perfusion, fluid management, temperature control, and collaboration with neurosurgical teams. This multidisciplinary approach ensures optimal patient care and emphasizes ongoing research collaboration for refining therapeutic strategies. This comprehensive review provides valuable insights for clinicians managing cerebral edema, offering a roadmap for tailored interventions and highlighting the need for continued advancements in understanding and treating this critical condition. Material and method: The literature review applied standard criteria and focused on PubMed articles using keywords: cerebral edema, pathophysiology, aquaporin, blood-brain barrier, anesthesiology, cerebral edema treatment, corticosteroids
{"title":"Anesthetic Strategies in Cerebral Edema: Navigating Neurological Challenges Amid Trauma, Tumors and Therapeutic Advances","authors":"Maciej Świercz, Szymon Markowiak, Marta Wardęszkiewicz, Wiktoria Jabłońska, Amelia Kasprzak, Monika Truchta, Aleksandra Mańkowska, Agata Kolano, Anna Pejas","doi":"10.12775/jehs.2024.53.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.53.006","url":null,"abstract":"Cerebral edema, characterized by abnormal fluid accumulation in brain tissue leading to increased intracranial pressure, poses significant challenges for anesthesiologists. This review delves into the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, pharmacological strategies, and anesthesiological considerations associated with cerebral edema. Disruptions in the blood-brain barrier, alterations in cerebral blood flow, cellular swelling, and aquaporin dysregulation contribute to the complexity of cerebral edema. Clinical presentations vary, encompassing cognitive changes, seizures, and neurological deficits. Accurate diagnosis relies on clinical assessments and neuroimaging, with MRI and CT scans playing pivotal roles. Pharmacological interventions, including osmotic agents, corticosteroids, diuretics, and barbiturates, target specific causes and symptoms. Anesthesiological challenges encompass ICP monitoring, choice of anesthetic agents, maintenance of cerebral perfusion, fluid management, temperature control, and collaboration with neurosurgical teams. This multidisciplinary approach ensures optimal patient care and emphasizes ongoing research collaboration for refining therapeutic strategies. This comprehensive review provides valuable insights for clinicians managing cerebral edema, offering a roadmap for tailored interventions and highlighting the need for continued advancements in understanding and treating this critical condition. \u0000Material and method: \u0000The literature review applied standard criteria and focused on PubMed articles using keywords: cerebral edema, pathophysiology, aquaporin, blood-brain barrier, anesthesiology, cerebral edema treatment, corticosteroids","PeriodicalId":509157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education, Health and Sport","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139527204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Delirium syndrome is a serious, and often underestimated, problem arising in elderly patients. The number of accurate diagnoses of this acute condition is significantly lower than actuall present. This is often due to the attribution of its symptoms to the underlying disease. Delirium syndrome, by leading to perceptual disturbances in the patient, impairs his functioning and threatens health and even life of a patient. The pathophysiology of the onset of delirium is not well understood, with many factors influencing its development. Those directly related to the patient (predisposing), as well as triggering factors. In geriatric patients, the risk of developing delirium is much higher than in younger patients due to the depletion of the body's functional reserves. Homeostasis of the body's systems is disturbed even with small negative stimuli. It is important to closely observe the patient, taking a well-gathered history of the patient's baseline health status and the changes that have occurred in the patient's condition. A well-conducted physical examination and diagnostic imaging is essential. There is no universal scheme for managing a patient who is delirious. It is important to take an personalized approach and quickly find the cause and try to treat it. We can use commonly available scales and guidelines for diagnosing the delirious syndrome, such as ICD-10, DSM-5 or CAM, to make the accurate diagnosis easier. It has been shown that with the help of non-pharmacological preventive management, we can significantly reduce the number of consciousness disorders that appear in elderly patients under the course of delirium. In severe cases, pharmacotherapy comes to our aid.
{"title":"Hospital Hallucinosis - where to look for the cause of the delirious syndrome in a geriatric patient and what management to implement","authors":"Karolina Tomczyk, Karolina Jurasz, Natalia Chojnacka, Jakub Klarycki, Dominika Podgórska, Radosław Cymer, Ewa Rzeska, Miłosz Sanecki","doi":"10.12775/jehs.2024.53.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.53.008","url":null,"abstract":"Delirium syndrome is a serious, and often underestimated, problem arising in elderly patients. The number of accurate diagnoses of this acute condition is significantly lower than actuall present. This is often due to the attribution of its symptoms to the underlying disease. Delirium syndrome, by leading to perceptual disturbances in the patient, impairs his functioning and threatens health and even life of a patient. The pathophysiology of the onset of delirium is not well understood, with many factors influencing its development. Those directly related to the patient (predisposing), as well as triggering factors. In geriatric patients, the risk of developing delirium is much higher than in younger patients due to the depletion of the body's functional reserves. Homeostasis of the body's systems is disturbed even with small negative stimuli. It is important to closely observe the patient, taking a well-gathered history of the patient's baseline health status and the changes that have occurred in the patient's condition. A well-conducted physical examination and diagnostic imaging is essential. There is no universal scheme for managing a patient who is delirious. It is important to take an personalized approach and quickly find the cause and try to treat it. We can use commonly available scales and guidelines for diagnosing the delirious syndrome, such as ICD-10, DSM-5 or CAM, to make the accurate diagnosis easier. It has been shown that with the help of non-pharmacological preventive management, we can significantly reduce the number of consciousness disorders that appear in elderly patients under the course of delirium. In severe cases, pharmacotherapy comes to our aid.","PeriodicalId":509157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Education, Health and Sport","volume":"8 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139616655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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