Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2024-03-20DOI: 10.1080/00026980.2024.2326802
Marjolijn Bol, Matteo Martelli, Lucia Raggetti, Jennifer M Rampling
{"title":"Changing Colour: Yellow Dyes from Antiquity to Early Modernity.","authors":"Marjolijn Bol, Matteo Martelli, Lucia Raggetti, Jennifer M Rampling","doi":"10.1080/00026980.2024.2326802","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00026980.2024.2326802","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50963,"journal":{"name":"Ambix","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140177615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2024-03-06DOI: 10.1080/00026980.2024.2311462
Marjolijn Bol, Giacomo Montanari
Nitric acid became commonly available in the seventeenth century. Since then, it held the interest of chemists, especially those interested in the art of dyeing. Due to what is now called the xanthoproteic reaction (from Greek xanthós, describing shades of yellow), nitric acid produces a stable yellow colouration in proteinaceous materials, such as wool, silk, and bones. The chemistry of this reaction is well understood today. Less well-known is that it held the interest of dyers in the past. Dyers considered the ability of nitric acid to give a yellow colour to certain substances a solution to giving materials a durable, that is, a lasting, yellow colour. Yellow, indeed, posed a problem in the art of dyeing. Before the discovery of synthetic dyes in the mid-nineteenth century, there were no organic yellow dyes with long-term colour stability. Using historical dyeing manuals and chemistry treatises, combined with our practical engagement with the processes they describe, this paper traces how, between the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries, dyers explored nitric acid while examining the durability of yellow colourations. Based on these explorations into nitric acid, the chemical arts developed theories about the nature of colour, and about the causes for its relative permanence.
{"title":"Making Yellows Last with Nitric Acid: Exploring Colour Permanence in Art and Knowledge, 1600-1850.","authors":"Marjolijn Bol, Giacomo Montanari","doi":"10.1080/00026980.2024.2311462","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00026980.2024.2311462","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nitric acid became commonly available in the seventeenth century. Since then, it held the interest of chemists, especially those interested in the art of dyeing. Due to what is now called the xanthoproteic reaction (from Greek <i>xanthós</i>, describing shades of yellow), nitric acid produces a stable yellow colouration in proteinaceous materials, such as wool, silk, and bones. The chemistry of this reaction is well understood today. Less well-known is that it held the interest of dyers in the past. Dyers considered the ability of nitric acid to give a yellow colour to certain substances a solution to giving materials a durable, that is, a lasting, yellow colour. Yellow, indeed, posed a problem in the art of dyeing. Before the discovery of synthetic dyes in the mid-nineteenth century, there were no organic yellow dyes with long-term colour stability. Using historical dyeing manuals and chemistry treatises, combined with our practical engagement with the processes they describe, this paper traces how, between the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries, dyers explored nitric acid while examining the durability of yellow colourations. Based on these explorations into nitric acid, the chemical arts developed theories about the nature of colour, and about the causes for its relative permanence.</p>","PeriodicalId":50963,"journal":{"name":"Ambix","volume":" ","pages":"98-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11062327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140040848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2024-01-26DOI: 10.1080/00026980.2024.2307207
{"title":"Society for the History of Alchemy and Chemistry Award Scheme 2024.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/00026980.2024.2307207","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00026980.2024.2307207","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50963,"journal":{"name":"Ambix","volume":" ","pages":"139-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139564784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2024-03-07DOI: 10.1080/00026980.2024.2309061
Caterina Manco, Matteo Martelli
Ancient Greek colour terminology captures brightness, light, and brilliance rather than clear-cut portions of the chromatic spectrum, as scholars agree today. This also applies to the rich semantic of yellow, which we investigate starting from a philosophical and theoretical perspective. We then shift our focus to Graeco-Roman technical writings dealing with alchemical dyes, cosmetics, and other crafts that made use of the same set of ingredients and colouring substances. We compile a complete list of yellow-dyeing plants used in antiquity, which will update and enlarge the lists currently available in secondary literature on the topic, such as the seminal catalogue by Robert J. Forbes. Drawing on these data and on laboratory reconstructions, we address two main questions. First, which shades of yellow were usually associated with the colour of gold, and how were these tints produced by ancient craftsmen and alchemists? And second, how did these procedures contribute to the ancient discourse on the colour of gold and its artificial reproduction?
古希腊色彩术语捕捉的是亮度、光线和光彩，而不是今天学者们所认同的色谱的明确部分。这也适用于黄色的丰富语义，我们将从哲学和理论的角度对其进行研究。然后，我们将重点转移到古希腊罗马的技术著作上，这些著作涉及炼金术染料、化妆品和其他工艺品，其中使用了相同的成分和着色物质。我们编制了一份古代使用的染黄植物的完整清单，这份清单将更新和扩充目前有关该主题的二手文献中的清单，如罗伯特-J-福布斯（Robert J. Forbes）的开创性目录。利用这些数据和实验室重建，我们将解决两个主要问题。首先，哪些黄色色调通常与黄金的颜色有关，古代工匠和炼金术士是如何制作这些色调的？其次，这些工艺是如何促进古代关于黄金颜色及其人工复制的讨论的？
{"title":"Is Gold Yellow? Plant Dyes and Gold-Making in the Ancient Chemical Arts.","authors":"Caterina Manco, Matteo Martelli","doi":"10.1080/00026980.2024.2309061","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00026980.2024.2309061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ancient Greek colour terminology captures brightness, light, and brilliance rather than clear-cut portions of the chromatic spectrum, as scholars agree today. This also applies to the rich semantic of yellow, which we investigate starting from a philosophical and theoretical perspective. We then shift our focus to Graeco-Roman technical writings dealing with alchemical dyes, cosmetics, and other crafts that made use of the same set of ingredients and colouring substances. We compile a complete list of yellow-dyeing plants used in antiquity, which will update and enlarge the lists currently available in secondary literature on the topic, such as the seminal catalogue by Robert J. Forbes. Drawing on these data and on laboratory reconstructions, we address two main questions. First, which shades of yellow were usually associated with the colour of gold, and how were these tints produced by ancient craftsmen and alchemists? And second, how did these procedures contribute to the ancient discourse on the colour of gold and its artificial reproduction?</p>","PeriodicalId":50963,"journal":{"name":"Ambix","volume":" ","pages":"10-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11062326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140050963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1080/00026980.2024.2311465
Lucia Raggetti
Mediaeval Arabic technical literature shows a keen interest in yellow dyes, paints, varnishes, inks, and even perfumes. Recipes reveal that yellow was viewed as just one step away from gold, with preparations for these two colours often sharing ingredients and techniques. In the unfolding of procedures and applications to different materials, from skin to textiles, Arabic sources also offer a glimpse into daily life and shared tastes, presenting luxury objects along with their imitations. This paper traces the role played by yellow and gold in inks, cosmetic dyes, and coloured, scented fabrics, exploring the textual dimension of these recipes, their technical features, and their social role between the court and the street. It also presents translations of several important recipes for yellow and gold dyes, which illustrate their diversity of applications, while also addressing such material problems as durability and substitution.
{"title":"Stolen Horses and Scented Garments: Vegetal and Mineral Yellow in Arabic Technical Literature.","authors":"Lucia Raggetti","doi":"10.1080/00026980.2024.2311465","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00026980.2024.2311465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mediaeval Arabic technical literature shows a keen interest in yellow dyes, paints, varnishes, inks, and even perfumes. Recipes reveal that yellow was viewed as just one step away from gold, with preparations for these two colours often sharing ingredients and techniques. In the unfolding of procedures and applications to different materials, from skin to textiles, Arabic sources also offer a glimpse into daily life and shared tastes, presenting luxury objects along with their imitations. This paper traces the role played by yellow and gold in inks, cosmetic dyes, and coloured, scented fabrics, exploring the textual dimension of these recipes, their technical features, and their social role between the court and the street. It also presents translations of several important recipes for yellow and gold dyes, which illustrate their diversity of applications, while also addressing such material problems as durability and substitution.</p>","PeriodicalId":50963,"journal":{"name":"Ambix","volume":" ","pages":"35-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11062290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139998227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.1080/00026980.2024.2310887
Joe Stadolnik
Published in Ambix (Ahead of Print, 2024)
发表于《Ambix》（2024 年提前出版）
{"title":"Alchemy and Exemplary Poetry in Middle English Literature","authors":"Joe Stadolnik","doi":"10.1080/00026980.2024.2310887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00026980.2024.2310887","url":null,"abstract":"Published in Ambix (Ahead of Print, 2024)","PeriodicalId":50963,"journal":{"name":"Ambix","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139763529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-16DOI: 10.1080/00026980.2023.2296747
Régis Briday
Published in Ambix (Ahead of Print, 2024)
发表于《Ambix》（2024 年提前出版）
{"title":"Atmospheric Chemistry: A Critical Voyage Through the History","authors":"Régis Briday","doi":"10.1080/00026980.2023.2296747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00026980.2023.2296747","url":null,"abstract":"Published in Ambix (Ahead of Print, 2024)","PeriodicalId":50963,"journal":{"name":"Ambix","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139476234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-21DOI: 10.1080/00026980.2023.2290329
Antonio Clericuzio
Published in Ambix (Ahead of Print, 2023)
发表于《Ambix》（2023 年提前出版）
{"title":"Atoms, Corpuscles and Minima in the Renaissance","authors":"Antonio Clericuzio","doi":"10.1080/00026980.2023.2290329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00026980.2023.2290329","url":null,"abstract":"Published in Ambix (Ahead of Print, 2023)","PeriodicalId":50963,"journal":{"name":"Ambix","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138826132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-21DOI: 10.1080/00026980.2023.2281094
Jennifer M. Rampling
Published in Ambix (Ahead of Print, 2023)
发表于Ambix(2023年出版前)
{"title":"The Alchemy of Conquest: Science, Religion, and the Secrets of the New World","authors":"Jennifer M. Rampling","doi":"10.1080/00026980.2023.2281094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00026980.2023.2281094","url":null,"abstract":"Published in Ambix (Ahead of Print, 2023)","PeriodicalId":50963,"journal":{"name":"Ambix","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138512785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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