Pub Date : 2025-03-28DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00717
Huiyu Yang, Rong Chen, Guowen Yu, Xiaohua Cheng, Liangang Zhao, Hai Liu, Bo Deng, Zushun Xu, Chunli Gong
Daytime radiant cooling achieves a sustainable cooling effect by reflecting sunlight and radiant heat. However, absorption of sunlight by emitters and parasitic heat gain can significantly reduce radiative cooling temperatures. To improve the light reflectivity and emissivity in the mid-infrared band, SNF@TiO2 aerogel with high stability and efficient radiative cooling effect was constructed using nanosilk and titanium dioxide. The hierarchical structure of the aerogel stores more air, which reduces the thermal conductivity (0.0333 W·m–1·K–1) and parasitic heat gain. TiO2 provides excellent UV resistance while increasing solar reflectance and atmospheric window emissivity. The average solar reflectance and average IR emissivity of SNF@TiO2 were 89.4 and 92.3%, respectively. Compared with the subambient (I: 800 W·m–2, PE-covered air) temperature, the average cooling temperature of SNF@TiO2 under direct sunlight reached 11.5 °C. Meanwhile, the outdoor subambient (I: 900 W·m–2, PE-covered air) average temperature drop of SNF@TiO2 reached 12.1 °C after UV (40 mW·cm–2) continuous radiation for 10 days (6 h per day), displaying highly stable radiative cooling properties. In addition, the SNF@TiO2 aerogel has good mechanical elasticity and thermal insulation properties. This study offers great potential for silk fiber materials for outdoor radiant heat management.
{"title":"Decorating Natural Silk Nanofiber Aerogel with a Hierarchical Structure via TiO2 for Improved UV Protection and Radiation Cooling","authors":"Huiyu Yang, Rong Chen, Guowen Yu, Xiaohua Cheng, Liangang Zhao, Hai Liu, Bo Deng, Zushun Xu, Chunli Gong","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00717","url":null,"abstract":"Daytime radiant cooling achieves a sustainable cooling effect by reflecting sunlight and radiant heat. However, absorption of sunlight by emitters and parasitic heat gain can significantly reduce radiative cooling temperatures. To improve the light reflectivity and emissivity in the mid-infrared band, SNF@TiO<sub>2</sub> aerogel with high stability and efficient radiative cooling effect was constructed using nanosilk and titanium dioxide. The hierarchical structure of the aerogel stores more air, which reduces the thermal conductivity (0.0333 W·m<sup>–1</sup>·K<sup>–1</sup>) and parasitic heat gain. TiO<sub>2</sub> provides excellent UV resistance while increasing solar reflectance and atmospheric window emissivity. The average solar reflectance and average IR emissivity of SNF@TiO<sub>2</sub> were 89.4 and 92.3%, respectively. Compared with the subambient (<i>I</i>: 800 W·m<sup>–2</sup>, PE-covered air) temperature, the average cooling temperature of SNF@TiO<sub>2</sub> under direct sunlight reached 11.5 °C. Meanwhile, the outdoor subambient (<i>I</i>: 900 W·m<sup>–2</sup>, PE-covered air) average temperature drop of SNF@TiO<sub>2</sub> reached 12.1 °C after UV (40 mW·cm<sup>–2</sup>) continuous radiation for 10 days (6 h per day), displaying highly stable radiative cooling properties. In addition, the SNF@TiO<sub>2</sub> aerogel has good mechanical elasticity and thermal insulation properties. This study offers great potential for silk fiber materials for outdoor radiant heat management.","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-28DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c04743
Nancy Jaglan, Gunjan Sharma, Prashant Hitaishi, Rajendra P. Giri, Nicolas Hayen, Bridget M. Murphy, Sajal K. Ghosh
Xanthan gum is a biopolymer used in a wide range of products in the food and cosmetic industries. As ionic liquids (ILs) have emerged as antimicrobial molecules, they can be used as preservatives for this polymer. Hence, it is important to understand the interaction of ionic liquids with Xanthan gum. In this investigation, polymer self-assembly at the air–water interface has been studied in the presence of ionic liquids floating at the air–water interface. From the surface pressure–area isotherm, it is shown that the electrostatic interaction drives the polymer to the interface, resulting in a viscoelastic film. In-plane dilation rheology has determined the storage and loss moduli of the film, which are found to depend on the concentration of the polymer dissolved in the water subphase. Additionally, a synchrotron-based X-ray reflectivity study has produced the electron density profile across the interface, depicting the structure of the film and suggesting that the negatively charged side groups of Xanthan gum attach to the positively charged headgroup of ionic liquids. This assembly drives the polymer to disentangle, which has been further verified in an aqueous solution of the polymer showing a non-newtonian shear-thinning behavior. The storage and loss moduli curves show two crossover frequencies, manifesting an elastic plateau width that decreases in the presence of IL in the solution. This, in turn, is a signature of the disentangling effect of the IL.
{"title":"Assembling Xanthan Gum at the Air–Water Interface and Disentangling It with Ionic Liquids","authors":"Nancy Jaglan, Gunjan Sharma, Prashant Hitaishi, Rajendra P. Giri, Nicolas Hayen, Bridget M. Murphy, Sajal K. Ghosh","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c04743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c04743","url":null,"abstract":"Xanthan gum is a biopolymer used in a wide range of products in the food and cosmetic industries. As ionic liquids (ILs) have emerged as antimicrobial molecules, they can be used as preservatives for this polymer. Hence, it is important to understand the interaction of ionic liquids with Xanthan gum. In this investigation, polymer self-assembly at the air–water interface has been studied in the presence of ionic liquids floating at the air–water interface. From the surface pressure–area isotherm, it is shown that the electrostatic interaction drives the polymer to the interface, resulting in a viscoelastic film. In-plane dilation rheology has determined the storage and loss moduli of the film, which are found to depend on the concentration of the polymer dissolved in the water subphase. Additionally, a synchrotron-based X-ray reflectivity study has produced the electron density profile across the interface, depicting the structure of the film and suggesting that the negatively charged side groups of Xanthan gum attach to the positively charged headgroup of ionic liquids. This assembly drives the polymer to disentangle, which has been further verified in an aqueous solution of the polymer showing a non-newtonian shear-thinning behavior. The storage and loss moduli curves show two crossover frequencies, manifesting an elastic plateau width that decreases in the presence of IL in the solution. This, in turn, is a signature of the disentangling effect of the IL.","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-28DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00442
Yumeng Yang, Chen Sun, Zhiwen Zhuo, Lei Wang, Weiyi Wang, Aidang Lu, Jiajun Wang
The electrochemical NO reduction reaction (NORR) toward NH3 synthesis not only helps address issues of air pollution but also holds significant energy and economic value, making it an innovative method with broad application prospects. However, designing NORR electrocatalysts that are both highly active and selective remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we study the main-group p-block metal (M = Al, Ga, and In)-doped C3N monolayers as promising single-atom catalysts (SACs) for NORR through spin-polarized first-principles calculations. Our results show that Al@VCC, Al@VCN, Ga@VCC, and Ga@VCN systems are not only stable but also exhibit metallic characteristics, ensuring effective charge transfer during the NORR process. Moreover, nitric oxide (NO) can be strongly chemisorbed and activated on all four candidates with adsorption free energies ranging from −0.83 to −1.59 eV and then spontaneously converted into NH3 without the need for any applied voltage. More importantly, Ga@VCN possesses a well-suppressed ability for the formation of H2/N2O/N2 byproducts, indicating excellent NH3 selectivity. These findings not only offer a promising electrocatalyst for the NO-to-NH3 conversion but also highlight the great potential of main-group metals as SACs for electrochemical reactions.
{"title":"Main-Group p-Block Metal-Doped C3N Monolayers as Efficient Electrocatalysts for NO-to-NH3 Conversion: A Computational Study","authors":"Yumeng Yang, Chen Sun, Zhiwen Zhuo, Lei Wang, Weiyi Wang, Aidang Lu, Jiajun Wang","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00442","url":null,"abstract":"The electrochemical NO reduction reaction (NORR) toward NH<sub>3</sub> synthesis not only helps address issues of air pollution but also holds significant energy and economic value, making it an innovative method with broad application prospects. However, designing NORR electrocatalysts that are both highly active and selective remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we study the main-group p-block metal (M = Al, Ga, and In)-doped C<sub>3</sub>N monolayers as promising single-atom catalysts (SACs) for NORR through spin-polarized first-principles calculations. Our results show that Al@V<sub>CC</sub>, Al@V<sub>CN</sub>, Ga@V<sub>CC</sub>, and Ga@V<sub>CN</sub> systems are not only stable but also exhibit metallic characteristics, ensuring effective charge transfer during the NORR process. Moreover, nitric oxide (NO) can be strongly chemisorbed and activated on all four candidates with adsorption free energies ranging from −0.83 to −1.59 eV and then spontaneously converted into NH<sub>3</sub> without the need for any applied voltage. More importantly, Ga@V<sub>CN</sub> possesses a well-suppressed ability for the formation of H<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub>O/N<sub>2</sub> byproducts, indicating excellent NH<sub>3</sub> selectivity. These findings not only offer a promising electrocatalyst for the NO-to-NH<sub>3</sub> conversion but also highlight the great potential of main-group metals as SACs for electrochemical reactions.","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-28DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c05223
Ningning Xuan, Ningning Huang, Chunhui Song, Xinlei Du, Pengxu Chang, Junmeng Guo, Gang Cheng
Hydrogen energy, known for its elevated combustion enthalpy and the generation of clean water upon combustion, represents a clean energy source with valuable potential applications. Water electrolysis for hydrogen production has emerged as an effective and environmentally friendly green hydrogen synthesis methodology. However, the conventional process of water electrolysis is typically performed under constant current or constant potential conditions, resulting in less-than-ideal hydrogen production rates due to limitations in mass transport. The adjustment of the catalyst interface and enhancement of mass transfer are achievable with dynamic electrodes. Herein, the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance using MoS2 as a model catalyst with dynamic electrodes was investigated. The electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance of MoS2 can be enhanced by using dynamic electrodes, achieving a maximum increase of 240% in the hydrogen production rate. Improved electrocatalytic performance for hydrogen evolution can be observed when employing other two-dimensional materials as dynamic electrodes, including Pt-MoS2 and Mo2C. Pt-MoS2 demonstrates the most significant enhancement in the hydrogen evolution rate (400% enhancement). Through mechanistic analysis, the essence of enhancing electrocatalytic performance for hydrogen evolution lies in the bubbles effective separation and varied electrochemical double layer to facilitate mass transport. This work provides an effective method for enhancing the water electrolysis activity using the dynamic electrode.
{"title":"Dynamic Electrodes Enhanced Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Performance of Two-Dimensional Materials","authors":"Ningning Xuan, Ningning Huang, Chunhui Song, Xinlei Du, Pengxu Chang, Junmeng Guo, Gang Cheng","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c05223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c05223","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogen energy, known for its elevated combustion enthalpy and the generation of clean water upon combustion, represents a clean energy source with valuable potential applications. Water electrolysis for hydrogen production has emerged as an effective and environmentally friendly green hydrogen synthesis methodology. However, the conventional process of water electrolysis is typically performed under constant current or constant potential conditions, resulting in less-than-ideal hydrogen production rates due to limitations in mass transport. The adjustment of the catalyst interface and enhancement of mass transfer are achievable with dynamic electrodes. Herein, the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance using MoS<sub>2</sub> as a model catalyst with dynamic electrodes was investigated. The electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance of MoS<sub>2</sub> can be enhanced by using dynamic electrodes, achieving a maximum increase of 240% in the hydrogen production rate. Improved electrocatalytic performance for hydrogen evolution can be observed when employing other two-dimensional materials as dynamic electrodes, including Pt-MoS<sub>2</sub> and Mo<sub>2</sub>C. Pt-MoS<sub>2</sub> demonstrates the most significant enhancement in the hydrogen evolution rate (400% enhancement). Through mechanistic analysis, the essence of enhancing electrocatalytic performance for hydrogen evolution lies in the bubbles effective separation and varied electrochemical double layer to facilitate mass transport. This work provides an effective method for enhancing the water electrolysis activity using the dynamic electrode.","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-28DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00638
Sayaka Teshima, Takashi Yanagishita
An anodic oxide film with regularly arranged pores was obtained by two-step anodization of a stainless-steel (SS) substrate in ethylene glycol containing NH4F. The effect of the electrolyte composition on the pore arrangement was investigated to prepare large-area anodic oxide films with regularly arranged pores. It was found that the concentrations of H2O and NH4F in the electrolyte significantly affected the pore arrangement. It was also confirmed that the degradation of the electrolytes affected the pore arrangement. To form a large-area anodic oxide film with regularly arranged pores, it is essential to use a sufficient amount of an electrolyte with an appropriate composition to minimize the effect of electrolyte degradation. An ordered anodic oxide film with a size of 50 mm × 50 mm was obtained using two-step anodization of the SS substrate under optimized conditions. It was also shown that a surface with hierarchical nanomicrostructures could be fabricated when two-step anodization was performed on an SS substrate with microstructures. When the obtained sample was treated with fluoroalkyl silane, it acted as a superhydrophobic and superoleophobic surface. Large-area anodic oxide films with regularly arranged pores can be utilized in various applications, including capacitors, water-splitting devices, solar cells, and surfaces with highly controlled wettability.
{"title":"Preparation of Large-Area Anodic Oxide Films with Regularly Arranged Pores by Two-Step Anodization of Stainless Steel Substrates and Application to Superhydrophobic and Superoleophobic Surfaces","authors":"Sayaka Teshima, Takashi Yanagishita","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00638","url":null,"abstract":"An anodic oxide film with regularly arranged pores was obtained by two-step anodization of a stainless-steel (SS) substrate in ethylene glycol containing NH<sub>4</sub>F. The effect of the electrolyte composition on the pore arrangement was investigated to prepare large-area anodic oxide films with regularly arranged pores. It was found that the concentrations of H<sub>2</sub>O and NH<sub>4</sub>F in the electrolyte significantly affected the pore arrangement. It was also confirmed that the degradation of the electrolytes affected the pore arrangement. To form a large-area anodic oxide film with regularly arranged pores, it is essential to use a sufficient amount of an electrolyte with an appropriate composition to minimize the effect of electrolyte degradation. An ordered anodic oxide film with a size of 50 mm × 50 mm was obtained using two-step anodization of the SS substrate under optimized conditions. It was also shown that a surface with hierarchical nanomicrostructures could be fabricated when two-step anodization was performed on an SS substrate with microstructures. When the obtained sample was treated with fluoroalkyl silane, it acted as a superhydrophobic and superoleophobic surface. Large-area anodic oxide films with regularly arranged pores can be utilized in various applications, including capacitors, water-splitting devices, solar cells, and surfaces with highly controlled wettability.","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-27DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00773
Shulu Wang, Shuaibing Wang, Mengjie Si, Si Yu Zheng, Jintao Yang
Hydrophilic gel coatings have emerged as a promising strategy for surface modification and functionalization of biomedical devices. Nevertheless, most existing coatings suffer from significant limitations, such as low adhesion strength to substrates, fragility, and a complex preparation process involved with toxic solvents. Herein, to overcome these issues simultaneously, we proposed a simple method to fabricate a hydrogel coating based on tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and a copolymer with poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) segments. The solution of TEOS and the copolymer can be applied to substrate surfaces through various techniques, including drop coating, dip coating, brush coating, and so on. Covalent bonds formed in situ through the condensation reaction occurred between silanol (originated from TEOS) and hydroxyl groups (on the polymer and the plasma-treated substrate), ensuring the robust adhesion and durability of the coating. Notably, by copolymerizing with certain monomers, customized functions could be realized, underscoring the significant practical value of the strategy.
{"title":"Strategy to Develop Multifunctional Hydrogel Coatings with High Durability","authors":"Shulu Wang, Shuaibing Wang, Mengjie Si, Si Yu Zheng, Jintao Yang","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00773","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrophilic gel coatings have emerged as a promising strategy for surface modification and functionalization of biomedical devices. Nevertheless, most existing coatings suffer from significant limitations, such as low adhesion strength to substrates, fragility, and a complex preparation process involved with toxic solvents. Herein, to overcome these issues simultaneously, we proposed a simple method to fabricate a hydrogel coating based on tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and a copolymer with poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) segments. The solution of TEOS and the copolymer can be applied to substrate surfaces through various techniques, including drop coating, dip coating, brush coating, and so on. Covalent bonds formed in situ through the condensation reaction occurred between silanol (originated from TEOS) and hydroxyl groups (on the polymer and the plasma-treated substrate), ensuring the robust adhesion and durability of the coating. Notably, by copolymerizing with certain monomers, customized functions could be realized, underscoring the significant practical value of the strategy.","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-27DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c05088
Saetbyeol Jeon, Hwira Baek, Seulgi Kim, Youngseok Kim, Junoh Kim, Jin Woong Kim
Natural polysaccharides possess potent immunostimulatory properties, but their poor solubility impedes efficiency of cellular delivery. This study focuses on extraction of microparticles (MPs) fromEuglena gracilis, a microalgae species characterized by abundant intracellular β-1,3-glucan and flexible cell membrane. We introduce anE. gracilis-derived MP (MPEG) system as a natural carrier for solubilized β-glucan. The MPEG system enhances β-glucan’s solubility and loading efficiency through sequential sonication and cell extrusion. In vitro studies reveal that MPEG utilizes multiple endocytosis pathways, including phagocytosis, clathrin-mediated, and lipid raft-mediated routes, for effective β-glucan delivery into cells. Upon cellular internalization, MPEG components trigger dual activation of the MAPK signaling pathway and glycolysis in macrophages, leading to enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lactic acid, ultimately strengthening innate immune responses. This MPEG system offers a promising approach to harnessing the immunostimulatory properties of natural polysaccharides while overcoming their solubility limitations, opening new avenues for targeted cellular delivery in immunomodulation therapies.
{"title":"Microalgae-Derived Microparticles Improve Immunomodulation via Combined Glycolysis and MAPK Activation","authors":"Saetbyeol Jeon, Hwira Baek, Seulgi Kim, Youngseok Kim, Junoh Kim, Jin Woong Kim","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c05088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c05088","url":null,"abstract":"Natural polysaccharides possess potent immunostimulatory properties, but their poor solubility impedes efficiency of cellular delivery. This study focuses on extraction of microparticles (MPs) from<i>Euglena gracilis</i>, a microalgae species characterized by abundant intracellular β-1,3-glucan and flexible cell membrane. We introduce an<i>E. gracilis</i>-derived MP (MP<sub>EG</sub>) system as a natural carrier for solubilized β-glucan. The MP<sub>EG</sub> system enhances β-glucan’s solubility and loading efficiency through sequential sonication and cell extrusion. <i>In vitro</i> studies reveal that MP<sub>EG</sub> utilizes multiple endocytosis pathways, including phagocytosis, clathrin-mediated, and lipid raft-mediated routes, for effective β-glucan delivery into cells. Upon cellular internalization, MP<sub>EG</sub> components trigger dual activation of the MAPK signaling pathway and glycolysis in macrophages, leading to enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lactic acid, ultimately strengthening innate immune responses. This MP<sub>EG</sub> system offers a promising approach to harnessing the immunostimulatory properties of natural polysaccharides while overcoming their solubility limitations, opening new avenues for targeted cellular delivery in immunomodulation therapies.","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143713558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-27DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00653
Soraia R. M. R. Silva, Rita M. Carvalho, Oleksandr Bondarchuk, Gonçalo N. P. Oliveira, João P. Araújo, Margarida Bastos, Luís M. N. B. F. Santos, José C. S. Costa
Extensive research has focused on films formed by pure ionic liquids (ILs). However, growing interest in IL mixtures and their synergistic properties presents new opportunities for targeted applications and fundamental scientific investigations. This study explores the morphology of films composed of mixtures of two ILs, [C2C1im][OTf] and [C8C1im][OTf], co-deposited via physical vapor deposition (PVD)/vacuum thermal evaporation. The primary objective was understanding how varying the IL ratio influences droplet formation, surface coverage, and overall film structure. Thin-film growth was examined on glass substrates coated with indium tin oxide (ITO) and ITO/glass surfaces coated with metallic films (Au and Ag). Film morphology was characterized using optical and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while elemental composition was analyzed via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that IL mixture morphology is strongly influenced by both IL composition and substrate type. Increasing [C8C1im][OTf] content led to larger microstructures due to improved wetting, particularly on Au surfaces, resulting in nearly fully coalesced films. Metallic surfaces near ITO significantly impacted droplet behavior, with ILs exhibiting a strong affinity for metals, especially when the long-chain IL dominated the mixture. The IL-assisted crystallization of rubrene, a high-performance organic semiconductor (OSC) that typically exhibits poor crystallinity when deposited via PVD, highlights the potential of IL mixtures to enhance organic film quality. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed that [C2C1im][OTf] and [C8C1im][OTf] mixtures significantly improved rubrene crystallinity, demonstrating their potential to create an optimal environment for OSC solubility and crystallization.
{"title":"Tailoring Morphology and Wetting Behavior of Films of Ionic Liquid Mixtures","authors":"Soraia R. M. R. Silva, Rita M. Carvalho, Oleksandr Bondarchuk, Gonçalo N. P. Oliveira, João P. Araújo, Margarida Bastos, Luís M. N. B. F. Santos, José C. S. Costa","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00653","url":null,"abstract":"Extensive research has focused on films formed by pure ionic liquids (ILs). However, growing interest in IL mixtures and their synergistic properties presents new opportunities for targeted applications and fundamental scientific investigations. This study explores the morphology of films composed of mixtures of two ILs, [C<sub>2</sub>C<sub>1</sub>im][OTf] and [C<sub>8</sub>C<sub>1</sub>im][OTf], co-deposited via physical vapor deposition (PVD)/vacuum thermal evaporation. The primary objective was understanding how varying the IL ratio influences droplet formation, surface coverage, and overall film structure. Thin-film growth was examined on glass substrates coated with indium tin oxide (ITO) and ITO/glass surfaces coated with metallic films (Au and Ag). Film morphology was characterized using optical and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while elemental composition was analyzed via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that IL mixture morphology is strongly influenced by both IL composition and substrate type. Increasing [C<sub>8</sub>C<sub>1</sub>im][OTf] content led to larger microstructures due to improved wetting, particularly on Au surfaces, resulting in nearly fully coalesced films. Metallic surfaces near ITO significantly impacted droplet behavior, with ILs exhibiting a strong affinity for metals, especially when the long-chain IL dominated the mixture. The IL-assisted crystallization of rubrene, a high-performance organic semiconductor (OSC) that typically exhibits poor crystallinity when deposited via PVD, highlights the potential of IL mixtures to enhance organic film quality. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed that [C<sub>2</sub>C<sub>1</sub>im][OTf] and [C<sub>8</sub>C<sub>1</sub>im][OTf] mixtures significantly improved rubrene crystallinity, demonstrating their potential to create an optimal environment for OSC solubility and crystallization.","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":"212 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143713611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-27DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c05178
Andrew Torres, Aaron Fultineer, M. Mercedes Calbi
We present results of a Kinetic Monte Carlo investigation of the adsorption dynamics of a binary mixture of gases on a planar surface, with a focus on the role that molecular interactions play during uptake equilibration. We show how increasing the strength of molecular interactions enhances the temporary coverage overshoot of the weaker binding species, a phenomenon driven by its faster adsorption rate. Snapshots of the adsorbed mixture configurations as a function of time allow us to follow in detail the evolution of the adsorbed mixture toward equilibrium. Clustering effects, due to both molecular interactions and differences in the adsorption/desorption rates, determine how the competition between the species on the surface takes place, leading to the final equilibrium composition. Our results are in overall agreement with recent experimental measurements of the adsorption kinetics of Ar–CH4 mixtures on graphite.
{"title":"Kinetic Competition of Gases during Mixture Adsorption on Planar Surfaces","authors":"Andrew Torres, Aaron Fultineer, M. Mercedes Calbi","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c05178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c05178","url":null,"abstract":"We present results of a Kinetic Monte Carlo investigation of the adsorption dynamics of a binary mixture of gases on a planar surface, with a focus on the role that molecular interactions play during uptake equilibration. We show how increasing the strength of molecular interactions enhances the temporary coverage overshoot of the weaker binding species, a phenomenon driven by its faster adsorption rate. Snapshots of the adsorbed mixture configurations as a function of time allow us to follow in detail the evolution of the adsorbed mixture toward equilibrium. Clustering effects, due to both molecular interactions and differences in the adsorption/desorption rates, determine how the competition between the species on the surface takes place, leading to the final equilibrium composition. Our results are in overall agreement with recent experimental measurements of the adsorption kinetics of Ar–CH<sub>4</sub> mixtures on graphite.","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-27DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c05147
Jing Liu, Ye Chen, Feixiong Chen
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are recognized as valuable tools for derived electrochemical biosensors and offer immense potential for the efficient diagnosis and detection of disease biomarkers. Herein, a new step-by-step approach for the development of multifunctional MNPs that exhibit both redox and biological properties is described. First, chemical cross-linking was employed to label these MNPs with redox dyes (ferrocene, anthraquinone, or methylene blue). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was then applied as the terminal protective layer. Next, click chemistry was employed to engineer immunoglobulin G (IgG) onto the surface of these redox MNPs (IgG number of 35 ± 8 per MNP), providing multifunctionality. Before and after surface engineering, these MNPs exhibited high-quality size distributions, as characterized by differential centrifugal sedimentation (DCS). Square-wave voltammetry was used to reveal the presence of 21.8 ± 1.3 ferrocene molecules on each anti-CD63-based redox MNP, and the anti-CD63 antibodies still maintained their bioactivity toward the CD63 antigen. These multifunctional MNPs could be promising tools for advancing the development of MNP-assisted electrochemical biosensors and meeting the needs of single-nanoparticle electrochemistry.
{"title":"Surface Engineering Magnetic Nanoparticles with Redox and Biological Properties","authors":"Jing Liu, Ye Chen, Feixiong Chen","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c05147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c05147","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are recognized as valuable tools for derived electrochemical biosensors and offer immense potential for the efficient diagnosis and detection of disease biomarkers. Herein, a new step-by-step approach for the development of multifunctional MNPs that exhibit both redox and biological properties is described. First, chemical cross-linking was employed to label these MNPs with redox dyes (ferrocene, anthraquinone, or methylene blue). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was then applied as the terminal protective layer. Next, click chemistry was employed to engineer immunoglobulin G (IgG) onto the surface of these redox MNPs (IgG number of 35 ± 8 per MNP), providing multifunctionality. Before and after surface engineering, these MNPs exhibited high-quality size distributions, as characterized by differential centrifugal sedimentation (DCS). Square-wave voltammetry was used to reveal the presence of 21.8 ± 1.3 ferrocene molecules on each anti-CD63-based redox MNP, and the anti-CD63 antibodies still maintained their bioactivity toward the CD63 antigen. These multifunctional MNPs could be promising tools for advancing the development of MNP-assisted electrochemical biosensors and meeting the needs of single-nanoparticle electrochemistry.","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143713559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：