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The assessment of African penguin (Spheniscus demersus (Linnaeus, 1758)) management performances at the Underwater World Langkawi, Malaysia 马来西亚兰卡威海底世界非洲企鹅(Spheniscus demersus (Linnaeus, 1758))管理表现的评估
IF 0.5 4区 地球科学 Q4 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i03.40238
M. H. M. Salleha, S. Nor
A Malaysian Aquaria, the Underwater World Langkawi (UWL), has brought in 14 African penguins ( Spheniscus demersus ) for their ex-situ conservation. Following The Penguin Husbandry Manual produced by the American Zoo Aquarium Association (AZA), the UWL has adopted the population as their management regime and, as a result, has successfully bred the population from a total of 14 individuals to 40 individuals. This study aims to evaluate the captive management of penguins at the UWL and increase the efficiency of the management regime at the UWL. Environmental data were collected in this study, including the size of the Enclosure 13, temperature, lighting, seawater quality, and feeding data. The results showed that the showcase areas fulfilled the minimum requirements of the penguin, and no significant difference was found between morning and the evening temperatures. However, it differed significantly from the six lighting spots, and the pool's water was within the comfort zones. The diet provided for the African penguins at UWL follows their requirements. However, the amount of food supplied to each penguin at UWL is low compared to the food intake of the same individual penguin in the wild. Overall, the management of UWL is excellent practice. However, some weaknesses need further improvement.
马来西亚兰卡威海底世界水族馆(UWL)引进了14只非洲企鹅(Spheniscus demersus)进行迁地保护。根据美国动物园水族馆协会(AZA)制作的《企鹅饲养手册》,UWL采用了这一种群作为他们的管理制度,因此,成功地将种群总数从14只繁殖到40只。本研究旨在评估海洋保护区对企鹅的圈养管理,以提高海洋保护区管理制度的效率。本研究收集了环境数据,包括13号围场的大小、温度、光照、海水质量和饲养数据。结果表明,展示区满足企鹅的最低要求,早晚温度无显著差异。然而,它与六个照明点明显不同,游泳池的水在舒适区内。UWL为非洲企鹅提供的饮食符合它们的要求。然而,与野外同一只企鹅的摄取量相比,UWL提供给每只企鹅的食物量很低。总的来说,UWL的管理是一个很好的实践。然而,还有一些不足之处需要进一步改进。
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引用次数: 0
Hatchery production of juveniles of pharaoh cuttlefish, Sepia pharaonis (Ehrenberg, 1831) from stranded eggs and sea ranching along the Thoothukudi coast 法老墨鱼(Sepia pharaonis, Ehrenberg, 1831)的搁浅卵孵育生产和Thoothukudi海岸沿岸的海洋牧场
IF 0.5 4区 地球科学 Q4 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i04.36962
M. Kavitha, I. Jagadis, D. L. Prabu, C. Kalidas, Ranjith L, S. Willington
Accidentally entangled and stranded egg masses of Sepia pharaonis in fishing gears were collected from various landing centres of Thoothukudi district. The stranded egg masses were incubated, hatched and larval rearing was carried out at the Molluscan Fish Hatchery of Tuticorin Research Centre of CMFRI. The average hatching rate of S. pharaonis was 95 % for the eggs collected from the fishing nets. The size of day 1 paralarvae of S. pharaonis was 5.46±0.06 mm and reached the average size of 40.10±1.15 mm length and 9.6±0.20 g weight on day 60 with the average survival rate of 70 %. Maximum weight gain (%) was noticed between 20 – 40 days. The paralarvae of S. pharaonis fed with suitable live feeds until 50 days, after which fed with dead fish and shrimp. The juveniles were transformed as broodstock with an average length of 137.4±8.08 mm and weight of 229.7±21.54 g on 180 th day of culture. In the hatchery, the first captive spawning was witnessed on 167 th day and the eggs laid by the females ranged from 46 – 118. However, the captive bred egg masses failed to hatch out. Therefore, the hatchery technology needs to be perfected through the development of nutritionally improved broodstock diet to ensure better hatching. During the years 2016 – 2018, altogether 8400 numbers of hatchery reared 60 days old juveniles of S. pharaonis were ranched into the fishing grounds off Tuticorin coast. The biological significance of sea ranching activities to replenish the natural stocks requires further research and evaluation.
在Thoothukudi区的各个登陆中心收集了意外缠绕和搁浅的法老棕鲷鱼卵团。将搁浅的鱼卵群在中国海洋生物资源研究所图蒂科林研究中心软体鱼孵化场孵化、孵化并进行幼虫饲养。渔网卵的平均孵化率为95%。法老沙蚕第1天幼虫大小为5.46±0.06 mm,第60天平均体长40.10±1.15 mm,体重9.6±0.20 g,平均成活率为70%。最大体重增加(%)出现在20 - 40天。法老沙蚕幼虫以适当的活饲料喂养至50天,之后以死鱼、死虾为食。培养第180天转化为平均体长137.4±8.08 mm,体重229.7±21.54 g的亲鱼。在孵化场,第167天首次捕获产卵,雌鱼产卵数量在46 - 118个之间。然而,圈养繁殖的卵群未能孵化出来。因此,需要通过开发营养改良的种鱼日粮来完善孵化技术,以保证更好的孵化。在2016年至2018年期间,共有8400只孵化场饲养了60天大的S. pharaonis幼鱼,进入了Tuticorin海岸的渔场。海洋牧场活动对补充自然种群的生物学意义有待进一步研究和评价。
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引用次数: 0
Multiple-choice feeding preference assay on two sea urchin species from the Gulf of Mannar, South East coast of India 印度东南海岸马纳尔湾两种海胆的多选择摄食偏好分析
IF 0.5 4区 地球科学 Q4 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i03.33474
R. Saravanan, P. Jawahar
A multiple-choice feeding experiment was conducted on the two sea urchins, viz ., Salmacis virgulata and Temnopleurus toreumaticus, in four feeding assays with 12 varieties of seagrass and seaweed. The results of the study have revealed that the species Caulerpa peltata , C. racemosa , Kappaphycus alvarezii and Padina tetrastromatica occupied the top feeding positions in the descending order for S. virgulata . But for T. toreumaticus , the order of preference was observed to decrease sequentially for C. peltata , Cymodocea serrulata , C. racemosa and Syringodium isoetifolium . This study further revealed that there was a leaning preference towards seagrass species in T. toreumaticus which was conspicuously absent in S. virgulata . This kind of studies would pave way to better understand sea urchin ecology and its urchin barren phenomenon.
对两种海胆(Salmacis virgulata和Temnopleurus toreumaticus)分别进行了12种海草和海藻的4种摄食试验。研究结果表明:水蛭的取食顺序依次为大叶蕨(Caulerpa peltata)、总状蕨(C. racemosa)、alvarezii Kappaphycus和tetrastromatica。而对风湿滴虫的偏好顺序依次为peltata、Cymodocea serrulata、总状滴虫和Syringodium isoetifolium。该研究进一步揭示了虎皮蝗对海草类的偏好,而虎皮蝗对海草类的偏好在虎皮蝗中是明显缺失的。这将为更好地了解海胆生态及其海胆贫瘠现象铺平道路。
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引用次数: 0
Heavy metal levels in tissues (gonads and fillets) of Horse mackerel collected from Ghazaouet Bay (Western Mediterranean coast of Algeria) Ghazaouet湾(阿尔及利亚地中海西海岸)马鲛鱼组织(性腺和鱼片)的重金属含量
IF 0.5 4区 地球科学 Q4 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i03.49075
M. Cherif, W. Benguedda-Rahala, M. Belhadjb, F. Z. Mokric
The concentration levels of Zn, Pb, Cd and Cu were evaluated in the gonads and fillets of Horse mackerel ( Trachurus trachurus) collected from Ghazaouet bay. The results showed the accumulation of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in the gonads and fillets. The metal concentrations in the fillets and gonads decreased in the following order: Zn >Cd >Pb >Cu and Zn >Cd >Cu >Pb, respectively. The levels of essential metals (zinc and copper) in both target organs generally complied with the recommended value for fish while the levels of non-essential metals like cadmium and lead, which are toxic and present in traces, greatly exceeded the recommended values in both target organs, which are ascribed mainly to the industrial pollution in Ghazaouet area. Therefore, it can be concluded that these heavy metals in different tissues of Horse mackerel, which is highly consumed in the Algerian coastal regions, could pose adverse health effects on consumers.
对采自嘎扎乌湾的马鲛鱼(Trachurus Trachurus)生殖腺和鱼片中Zn、Pb、Cd和Cu的浓度进行了测定。结果表明,Pb、Cd、Cu和Zn在子腺和鱼片中均有积累。鱼片和生殖腺中金属含量的降低顺序为:Zn >Cd >Pb >Cu和Zn >Cd >Cu >Pb。两个靶器官中必需金属(锌、铜)含量基本符合鱼类推荐值,而镉、铅等有毒微量非必需金属含量则大大超过推荐值,主要原因是嘎扎口地区的工业污染。因此,可以得出结论,阿尔及利亚沿海地区大量消费的马鲛鱼的不同组织中的这些重金属可能对消费者的健康造成不利影响。
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引用次数: 0
Occurrence record and range extension of Ebosia falcata Eschmeyer & Rama-Rao, 1978 (Scorpaenidae: Pteroinae) from West Bengal and Odisha, India Eschmeyer & Rama-Rao, 1978年在印度西孟加拉邦和奥里萨邦的发生记录和范围扩展(scorpaenae: pterinae)
IF 0.5 4区 地球科学 Q4 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i03.38602
S. Roya, D. Rayb, S. Mohantya, A. Mohapatra
the on four 55 – 73 mm). Description and figures of the species are provided herewith along with the morphometric measurements and meristic counts.
四上55 - 73毫米)。在此提供了物种的描述和图形以及形态计量测量和分生计数。
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引用次数: 0
First record of the genus Caprella and species Caprella danilevskii Czerniavski, 1868 (Amphipoda: Corophiida: Caprellidae) from Arabian Sea, North Indian Ocean 北印度洋阿拉伯海Caprella属和Caprella danilevskii Czerniavski种的首次记录,1868年(片足目:珊瑚虫目:Caprella科)
IF 0.5 4区 地球科学 Q4 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i01.33231
F. Gnathopod, G. Gill, H. Gill
The genus Caprella (Amphipoda: Caprellidae) has been recorded from all over the world oceans, whereas the species C. danilevskii Czerniavski, 1868 was only limited to southern parts of the Indian Ocean. Here, the occurrence of the genus Caprella and species C. danilevskii is described from the coastal waters of India for the first time, thus extending the distribution of this species to the northern Indian Ocean. The specimens of C. danilevskii were collected from macroalgae located at the rocky intertidal coast at Veraval, Gujarat, India. A detailed description of the specimen from the Indian region was provided, including explicit morphometric relations among the male and female sexes. Some abnormalities and special characters were observed in the population, which have not been discussed prior to this study. The species C. danilevskii could represent an introduction in the coastal waters of India; however it cannot be ignored that the species was present earlier or could have been overlooked.
Caprella属(片足目:Caprellidae)在世界各大洋均有记录,而C. danilevskii Czerniavski, 1868仅在印度洋南部有记录。本文首次在印度沿海水域描述了Caprella属和C. danilevskii种的出现,从而将该物种的分布范围扩大到北印度洋。C. danilevskii的标本采集自印度古吉拉特邦Veraval潮间带岩石海岸的大型藻类。提供了来自印度地区的标本的详细描述,包括男性和女性两性之间明确的形态计量关系。在人群中观察到一些异常和特殊特征,这在本研究之前没有讨论过。C. danilevskii可能是印度沿海水域的引进种;然而,不能忽视的是,这个物种出现得更早,或者可能被忽视了。
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引用次数: 2
First record of patchy coral reef off Terekhol, North Goa, India 印度果阿邦北部Terekhol海域首次发现斑状珊瑚礁
IF 0.5 4区 地球科学 Q4 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i03.43505
G. Sreekanth, S. Ingole, B. Pednekar
This study reports the first time record of the patchy coral reef (~ 2 km 2 ) of Terekhol in North Goa, the western coast of India during January – February 2020. There were more than 07 genera/species of hard corals in the reef and is dominated by a reef building Turbinaria mesenterina (Dendrophylliidae), which is considered as a sediment tolerant coral species. A total of 25 fish species were counted and the major species recorded were Chromis viridis , Chromis sp., Dascyllus sp., Abudefduf saxatilis , Abudefduf bengalensis , Acanthurus blochii , Acanthurus nigroris , Acanthurus sp., and Odonus niger that contributed 80 % of the total fish community. The documentation and record of the reef area could give identity to the ecosystem in the spatial platform and the conservation efforts can be planned for the reef by limiting the anthropogenic activities in and around the ecosystem.
本研究报告了2020年1月至2月期间印度西海岸果阿邦北部Terekhol斑驳珊瑚礁(约2平方公里)的首次记录。礁内有超过07属/种的硬珊瑚,其中以一种可造礁的环礁珊瑚(Turbinaria mesenterina)为主,被认为是一种耐沉积物的珊瑚。共统计鱼类25种,主要记录种类为绿色卷毛鱼(Chromis viridis)、卷毛卷毛鱼(Chromis sp.)、达丝卷毛鱼(Dascyllus sp.)、沙色卷毛鱼(Abudefduf saxatilis)、bengalensis、斑点卷毛鱼(Acanthurus blochii)、黑卷毛鱼(Acanthurus nigroris)、黑卷毛鱼(Acanthurus sp.)和黑卷毛鱼(Odonus niger),占鱼类群落总数的80%。对珊瑚礁区域的记录和记录可以在空间平台上赋予生态系统身份,并且可以通过限制生态系统内部和周围的人为活动来规划珊瑚礁的保护工作。
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引用次数: 0
Food spectrum dynamics of anadromous Hilsa, Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822) inhabiting River Brahmaputra, India curtailing apprehension of food selectivity: An insight into its domestication 居住在印度布拉马普特拉河的无雌Hilsa, Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822)的食物谱动力学限制了对食物选择性的理解:对其驯化的洞察
IF 0.5 4区 地球科学 Q4 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i01.41641
S. Boraha, Vaisakh, Gb, A. K. Jaiswarc, B. K. Bhattacharjyaa, G. Deshmukhec, A. K. Sahood, P. Gogoie, D. K. Meenad, D. Mohantyd, B. K. Das
Food and feeding habits of Tenualosa ilisha collected from two sampling locations in Brahmaputra River, Assam, India for a period of 12 months from May 2018 to April 2019 were studied. Index of preponderance revealed semi-digested animal matter (25.92 %) as the most dominant food item followed by Bacillariophyta (23.32 %). 31 genera of phytoplankton and 15 genera of zooplankton were observed in the gut of the species. Major groups of zooplankton include cladocerans, copepods, followed by rotifers, while diatoms, green algae and blue green algae were dominant phytoplankton groups. The anadromous tropical shad is planktivorous by nature and has a preference for zooplankton in smaller size groups (< 250 mm) and phytoplankton in larger size groups (> 250 mm). GaSI values (mean±SE) ranged from 1.50±0.14 to 6.93±0.89 and HSI values from 0.58±0.06 to 1.54±0.15. Index of fullness was found to range from 7.08±0.42 to 1.81±0.40. Feeding intensity, GaSI, HSI values showed seasonal variation, found to be low during October to December and high during February to June. Size group-wise analysis of feeding intensity showed high feeding intensity in lower size groups (< 250 mm) and comparatively low feeding intensity and high percentage of empty stomachs in higher size groups (> 250 mm). RLG values ranged from 1.181±0.028 to 1.450±0.052. Monthly average RLG values were found to be highest during November and in the size group of 351 – 400 mm. Changes in food composition were noticed in both months and as well as size groups.
研究了2018年5月至2019年4月12个月期间在印度阿萨姆邦雅鲁藏布江两个采样点采集的ilisha Tenualosa的食物和摄食习惯。优势指数显示,半消化动物物质(25.92%)为优势食物,硅藻次之(23.32%)。在其肠道内共发现浮游植物31属,浮游动物15属。浮游动物的主要类群包括枝海动物、桡足类,其次是轮虫,硅藻、绿藻和蓝绿藻是浮游植物的优势类群。溯海热带鲥鱼是一种以浮游生物为食的鱼类,它偏爱较小的浮游动物群(小于250毫米)和较大的浮游植物群(小于250毫米)。GaSI值(平均±SE)为1.50±0.14 ~ 6.93±0.89,HSI值为0.58±0.06 ~ 1.54±0.15。丰满度指数为7.08±0.42 ~ 1.81±0.40。摄食强度、GaSI、HSI值呈季节性变化,10 ~ 12月低,2 ~ 6月高。从饲粮组角度分析,低饲粮组(< 250 mm)饲粮强度高,高饲粮组(> 250 mm)饲粮强度低,空腹率高。RLG值为1.181±0.028 ~ 1.450±0.052。月平均RLG值在11月和351 ~ 400 mm粒径组最高。食物成分的变化在两个月份以及体型组都被注意到了。
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引用次数: 2
Application of liberation analysis in ferromanganese encrustations from South Andaman Sea: An automated mineral identification technique using TIMA 解离分析在南安达曼海锰铁结壳中的应用:TIMA自动矿物鉴定技术
IF 0.5 4区 地球科学 Q4 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i11.3509
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引用次数: 0
Geospatial assessment of seasonal water quality of Malad creek, Mumbai, India: An impact of sewage discharge 印度孟买Malad河季节水质的地理空间评价:污水排放的影响
IF 0.5 4区 地球科学 Q4 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v51i10.2930
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引用次数: 1
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Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences
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