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Athletes' Coping With the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Self-Compassion and Cognitive Appraisal. 运动员应对 COVID-19 大流行:自我同情和认知评估的作用。
IF 2.4 3区 心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2024-01-08 Print Date: 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2023-0175
Brittney B Aceron, Kathleen S Wilson, Matt D Hoffmann, Lenny Wiersma

Coping with the COVID-19 pandemic had implications for athletes' mental well-being. This mixed-methods study examined the influence of self-compassion on athletes' coping during the pandemic through the mediator of cognitive appraisal. The prospective design involved 90 athletes completing two online surveys 1 week apart measuring self-compassion, cognitive appraisal, and coping strategies. The PROCESS macro was used for the mediation analysis. A qualitative thematic analysis was used to explore athletes' responses to the pandemic during the second survey. Self-compassion had an indirect negative effect on avoidance-focused coping by appraising the pandemic as less of a threat (95% confidence interval [-0.20, -0.001]) and had a total effect on emotion-focused coping (95% confidence interval [0.02, 0.40]). Based on the thematic analysis, athletes described many raw emotions and a variety of coping strategies during the pandemic. Self-compassion demonstrated promising benefits to athletes who dealt with the challenging situation of the pandemic.

应对 COVID-19 大流行对运动员的心理健康有影响。这项混合方法研究通过认知评估这一中介,考察了自我同情对运动员在大流行病期间的应对能力的影响。研究采用前瞻性设计,90 名运动员每隔一周完成两次在线调查,调查内容包括自我同情、认知评价和应对策略。采用 PROCESS 宏进行中介分析。在第二次调查中,采用了定性主题分析来探讨运动员对大流行病的反应。通过将大流行病评价为较小的威胁,自我同情对以回避为重点的应对方式产生了间接的负面影响(95% 置信区间[-0.20, -0.001]),并对以情绪为重点的应对方式产生了总体影响(95% 置信区间[0.02, 0.40])。根据主题分析,运动员描述了大流行病期间的许多原始情绪和各种应对策略。自我同情对运动员应对大流行病的严峻形势大有裨益。
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引用次数: 0
Team Efficacy Profiles: Congruence Predicts Objective Performance of Athlete Pairs. 团队效率档案:一致性可预测运动员配对的客观表现。
IF 2.4 3区 心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Print Date: 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2023-0044
Christine M Habeeb, Sarah A Stephen, Robert C Eklund

Efficacy beliefs targeting personal (self-efficacy), teammates' (other-efficacy), and conjoint (collective efficacy) abilities are each associated with performance of athlete pairs. The purpose of this study was to examine (a) congruence/incongruence of efficacy beliefs between athletes in a pair as a predictor of quality of individual and team performance and (b) quality of performance relative to efficacy congruence at high, moderate, and low levels of efficacy. Eighty-two cheerleading pairs, composed of one base and one flyer, completed questionnaires assessing self-, other, and collective efficacy prior to a national collegiate competition. Individual and team performances were assessed using objective criteria. Polynomial regression analyses indicated that team performance was predicted by congruence of (a) both athletes' collective efficacy beliefs and (b) base self-efficacy and flyer other efficacy. Findings supported that congruence at moderate to high levels of efficacy was associated with better performance relative to incongruent efficacy beliefs across the two athletes.

针对个人能力(自我效能)、队友能力(他人效能)和联合能力(集体效能)的效能信念分别与配对运动员的表现有关。本研究的目的是考察:(a) 作为个人和团队表现质量预测因素的配对运动员之间效能信念的一致性/不一致性;(b) 在高、中、低效能水平下,相对于效能一致性的表现质量。在一次全国大学生比赛之前,82 对拉拉队组合(由一名基地队员和一名传单队员组成)完成了评估自我、他人和集体效能的问卷调查。个人和团队的表现采用客观标准进行评估。多项式回归分析表明,(a)运动员双方的集体效能感信念和(b)基地自我效能感和飞人其他效能感的一致性可以预测团队成绩。研究结果表明,相对于不一致的效能信念,中高水平的一致性与两名运动员的更佳表现相关。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of Acute Physical Fatigue on Gaze Behavior in Expert Badminton Players. 急性身体疲劳对羽毛球高手凝视行为的影响
IF 2.4 3区 心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2023-12-28 Print Date: 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2023-0075
Mildred Loiseau Taupin, Alexis Ruffault, Jean Slawinski, Dimitri Bayle

Perceptual cognitive skills in real game settings, under conditions of fatigue, such as the ability to gather relevant visual information, are key factors in achieving motor goals in sports. The objectives were to evaluate the effects of acute physical fatigue on gaze behavior during a badminton game (Study 1) and in an unfavorable force ratio situation (Study 2). Six international-level badminton players played two sets and unfavorable force ratio situations while wearing eye-tracking glasses before and after a fatiguing task. During the set, fatiguing physical exercise led to fewer fixations per exchange and more fixations on one area of interest. During unfavorable force ratio situations, fatiguing physical exercise led to shorter fixation durations per exchange, shorter fixation durations on two areas of interest, and longer fixation durations on one area of interest. The results showed that gaze behaviors were adapted in acute physical fatigue conditions to maintain performance.

在实际比赛环境中,疲劳条件下的感知认知能力,如收集相关视觉信息的能力,是实现运动目标的关键因素。研究的目的是评估在羽毛球比赛(研究 1)和不利力比情况(研究 2)下,急性身体疲劳对注视行为的影响。六名国际级羽毛球运动员在疲劳任务前后戴上眼球跟踪眼镜,进行了两盘和不利力比情况下的比赛。在一组比赛中,疲劳的体育锻炼导致每次交换的固定次数减少,而更多的固定在一个感兴趣的区域。在不利的力比情况下,疲劳的体育锻炼导致每次交换的凝视持续时间缩短,在两个感兴趣区域的凝视持续时间缩短,在一个感兴趣区域的凝视持续时间延长。结果表明,在急性体力疲劳条件下,注视行为会发生调整,以保持成绩。
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引用次数: 0
Digest. 摘要
IF 2.4 3区 心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2023-12-28 Print Date: 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2023-0327
Kim Gammage, Erica Bennett, Alyson Crozier, Alison Ede, Matt Hoffman, Seungmin Lee, Sascha Leisterer, Sean Locke, Desi McEwan, Kathleen Mellano, Eva Pila, Matthew Stork
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引用次数: 0
Concussion Risk and Recovery in Athletes With Psychostimulant-Treated Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Findings From the NCAA-DOD CARE Consortium. 接受精神刺激剂治疗的注意力缺陷/多动障碍运动员的脑震荡风险和恢复情况:NCAA-DOD CARE 联合会的研究结果。
IF 2.4 3区 心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Print Date: 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2023-0038
Colt A Coffman, Brett S Gunn, Paul F Pasquina, Michael A McCrea, Thomas W McAllister, Steven P Broglio, Robert D Moore, Matthew B Pontifex

The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) -related psychostimulant use in the context of concussion risk and symptom recovery. Data were obtained from the National Collegiate Athletic Association Department of Defense Grand Alliance Concussion Assessment, Research, and Education (NCAA-DOD CARE) Consortium from 2014 to 2017. Relative to individuals without diagnosed ADHD (i.e., control), both ADHD diagnosis and the combination of ADHD diagnosis and psychostimulant use were associated with a greater risk of incurring a concussive injury. Following a concussive injury, ADHD diagnosis was associated with longer symptom recovery time relative to the control group. However, individuals with ADHD who use psychostimulants did not take longer to resolve symptoms than controls, suggesting that psychostimulants may have a positive influence on recovery. Regardless of time point, ADHD diagnosis was associated with an elevated number of concussion-related symptoms; however, this effect appears mitigated by having used ADHD-related psychostimulants.

本研究旨在考察与注意力缺陷/多动症(ADHD)相关的精神刺激剂的使用对脑震荡风险和症状恢复的影响。数据来自美国国家大学生体育协会国防部大联盟脑震荡评估、研究和教育(NCAA-DOD CARE)联盟2014年至2017年的数据。与未确诊为多动症的个体(即对照组)相比,确诊为多动症以及同时确诊为多动症和服用精神兴奋剂的个体发生脑震荡损伤的风险更大。与对照组相比,多动症诊断与脑震荡受伤后症状恢复时间更长有关。然而,与对照组相比,使用精神刺激剂的多动症患者并没有花费更长的时间来缓解症状,这表明精神刺激剂可能对患者的恢复有积极影响。无论在哪个时间点,多动症诊断都与脑震荡相关症状的增加有关;但是,使用与多动症相关的精神兴奋剂似乎会减轻这种影响。
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引用次数: 0
The Psychometric Properties of Two Brief Measures of Teamwork in Sport. 体育运动中两种团队精神简要测量法的心理测量特征。
IF 2.4 3区 心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2023-11-21 Print Date: 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2023-0147
Desmond McEwan, Eesha J Shah, Kaitlin L Crawford, Patricia C Jackman, Matt D Hoffmann, Ethan Cardinal, Mark W Bruner, Colin D McLaren, Alex J Benson

In the current study, the structural and external validity of data derived from two shorter versions of the Multidimensional Assessment of Teamwork in Sport (MATS) were examined using multilevel analyses. Evidence of model-data fit was shown for both a 5-factor model comprising 19 items (with subscales assessing teamwork preparation, execution, evaluation, adjustments, and management of team maintenance) and a single-factor model comprising five items (providing a global estimate of teamwork). In general, data from both versions were positively and significantly correlated with (and distinct from) athletes' perceptions of team cohesion, collective efficacy, performance satisfaction, enjoyment in their sport, and commitment to their team and their coaches' transformational leadership. The measures appear well suited to detect between-teams differences, as evidenced by intraclass correlation coefficients and acceptable reliability estimates of team-level scores. In summary, the 19-item Multidimensional Assessment of Teamwork in Sport-Short and five-item Multidimensional Assessment of Teamwork in Sport-Global provide conceptually and psychometrically sound questionnaires to briefly measure teamwork in sport.

在本研究中,采用多水平分析对两个较短版本的体育团队合作多维评估(MATS)数据的结构效度和外部效度进行了检验。模型数据拟合的证据显示,包括19个项目的5因素模型(包括评估团队合作准备、执行、评估、调整和团队维护管理的子量表)和包括5个项目的单因素模型(提供团队合作的整体估计)。总的来说,这两个版本的数据与运动员对团队凝聚力、集体效能、表现满意度、运动乐趣、对团队的承诺和教练变革领导的感知呈正相关且显著。这些措施似乎非常适合于检测团队之间的差异,正如班级内相关系数和团队水平分数的可接受信度估计所证明的那样。综上所述,19个项目的体育团队合作多维评估- short和5个项目的体育团队合作多维评估- global提供了概念上和心理测量上健全的问卷来简要测量体育团队合作。
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引用次数: 0
Player Perceptions of Face Validity and Fidelity in 360-Video and Virtual Reality Cricket. 360视频和虚拟现实板球中玩家对人脸有效性和保真度的感知。
IF 2.4 3区 心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Print Date: 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2023-0122
Oliver R Runswick

Virtual reality (VR) and 360° video can provide new opportunities for testing and training in sport. Both options offer different benefits in terms of efficacy for training, ease of use, and cost. This creates questions about the implementation of immersive technologies, and research is required to further understand their use. We aimed to gain initial evidence of athletes' perceptions of face validity and fidelity in VR and 360-video. Thirty-nine international pathway cricketers experienced five overs in VR cricket and in a 360-video recording. After trying each technology, players completed questionnaires to measure perceptions of presence and task workload. Participants reported immersive experience in both methods, but higher levels of realism, possibility to act, physical effort, temporal constraints, and task control in VR. 360-video offers a better possibility to visually examine the environment, while VR offers enhanced realism and physical elements, but 360-video may still offer affordable solutions for visual tasks.

虚拟现实(VR)和360°视频可以为体育测试和训练提供新的机会。这两种选择在训练效果、易用性和成本方面都有不同的优势。这就产生了关于沉浸式技术实现的问题,需要进行研究以进一步了解其用途。我们旨在获得运动员在VR和360视频中对人脸有效性和逼真度的感知的初步证据。39名国际路径板球运动员在VR板球和360视频录制中经历了五次回合。在尝试了每项技术后,玩家完成了问卷调查,以衡量对存在感和任务工作量的感知。参与者报告说,在这两种方法中都有身临其境的体验,但在虚拟现实中有更高水平的真实感、行动的可能性、体力、时间限制和任务控制。360视频提供了更好的视觉检查环境的可能性,而VR提供了增强的真实感和物理元素,但360视频仍可能为视觉任务提供负担得起的解决方案。
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引用次数: 1
Temporal Sequencing of Naturalistic Associations Between Body Satisfaction and Physical Activity: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study Among Women in Midlife With Elevated Cardiovascular Risk. 身体满意度和体育活动之间自然联系的时间序列:心血管风险升高的中年女性的生态瞬时评估研究。
IF 2 3区 心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2023-10-31 Print Date: 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2022-0281
Kelly A Romano, Kristin E Heron, Danielle Arigo

The goal of the present study was to examine naturalistic associations between body satisfaction and physical activity (PA) among women in midlife. Women 40-60 years of age with cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., hypertension; N = 75; Mage = 51.63) responded to five surveys per day for 10 days while accelerometer-derived PA measurements were collected continuously. PA parameters included cognitive determinants (PA motivation and intentions) and accelerometer-measured PA behavior (sedentary behavior, light-intensity PA, and moderate to vigorous PA). Multilevel models indicated that associations between body satisfaction and everyday PA differed across PA determinants, time frames (concurrent and prospective), and levels (momentary, daily, and person). For example, positive bidirectional associations were identified between women's daily body satisfaction and PA motivation, whereas greater momentary light-intensity PA (but not moderate to vigorous PA) was unidirectionally associated with greater body satisfaction at a subsequent prompt. These findings provide insight into how associations between body satisfaction and PA unfold in the daily lives of women in midlife and highlight the complexities of these associations.

本研究的目的是检验中年女性身体满意度和体育活动(PA)之间的自然联系。40-60岁有心血管危险因素(如高血压;N=75;Mage=51.63)的女性在10天内每天接受5次调查,同时持续收集加速度计衍生的PA测量值。PA参数包括认知决定因素(PA动机和意图)和加速度计测量的PA行为(久坐行为、轻度PA和中度至剧烈PA)。多水平模型表明,身体满意度和日常PA之间的关联在PA决定因素、时间框架(并发和前瞻性)和水平(瞬时、日常和个人)方面存在差异。例如,在女性的日常身体满意度和PA动机之间发现了正的双向关联,而更大的瞬时光强度PA(但不是中等到剧烈的PA)在随后的提示下与更大的身体满意度单向关联。这些发现深入了解了身体满意度和PA之间的联系在中年女性的日常生活中是如何展开的,并突出了这些联系的复杂性。
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引用次数: 0
Digest. 消化
IF 2.4 3区 心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2023-10-18 Print Date: 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2023-0272
Kim Gammage, Erica Bennett, Alyson Crozier, Alison Ede, Matt Hoffman, Seungmin Lee, Sascha Leisterer, Sean Locke, Desi McEwan, Kathleen Mellano, Eva Pila, Matthew Stork
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引用次数: 0
Comparisons and Conversions: A Methodological Note and Caution for Meta-Analysis in Sport and Exercise Psychology. 比较与转换:运动与锻炼心理学元分析的方法论注意事项。
IF 2.4 3区 心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2023-09-08 Print Date: 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2023-0076
Andrew P Hill

Meta-analysis is a powerful tool in sport and exercise psychology. However, it has a number of pitfalls, and some lead to ill-advised comparisons and overestimation of effects. The impetus for this research note is provided by a recent systematic review of meta-analyses that examined the correlates of sport performance and has fallen foul of some of the pitfalls. Although the systematic review potentially has great value for researchers and practitioners alike, it treats effects from correlational and intervention studies as yielding equivalent information, double-counts multiple studies, and uses an effect size for correlational studies (Cohen's d) that provides an extreme contrast of unclear practical relevance. These issues impact interpretability, bias, and usefulness of the findings. This methodological note explains each pitfall and illustrates use of an appropriate equivalent effect size for correlational studies (Mathur and VanderWeele's d) to help researchers avoid similar issues in future work.

元分析是运动和锻炼心理学的有力工具。然而,它有很多陷阱,有些会导致不明智的比较和对效果的高估。这篇研究报告的动力来自于最近对荟萃分析的系统回顾,该分析考察了运动表现的相关性,并发现了一些陷阱。尽管系统综述可能对研究人员和从业者都有很大的价值,但它将相关性研究和干预研究的影响视为产生等效信息,对多项研究进行双重计数,并使用相关性研究的影响大小(Cohen’s d),提供了不清楚实际相关性的极端对比。这些问题影响了研究结果的可解释性、偏见和有用性。该方法说明解释了每个陷阱,并说明了在相关性研究中使用适当的等效效应大小(Mathur和VanderWeele的d),以帮助研究人员在未来的工作中避免类似的问题。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology
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