L. Cosentino, William L. Corwin, J. Baust, Norma A. Diaz-Mayoral, H. Cooley, Wen Shao, R. Buskirk, J. Baust
The use of cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) has proven critical in both clinical and biomedical applications. While utilized, in numerous settings, the functionality of frozen PBMCs is often limited, and a disconnect exists between measured viability and outcome. In this study we investigated parameters affecting outcome including storage protocol, freeze media, and assessment assay. PBMCs were isolated from seven healthy donors and cryopreserved in: (1) a media-based cocktail (SAIC), (2) CryoStor 7.5 (CS7.5), and (3) CryoStor 7.5 plus caspase inhibitors (CS7.5 ± Inh). All samples were stored in vapor phase liquid nitrogen (static) with replicates exposed to a thermal cycling regime, which mimicked typical sample handling (cycle). Viability was assessed immediately postthaw by trypan blue. Cryopreservation-induced delayed-onset cell death (CIDOCD) was evaluated postthaw using the Vybrant® Apoptosis Assay (VAA) that differentiated viability, apoptosis, and necrosis by fluorescent mi...
{"title":"Preliminary Report: Evaluation of Storage Conditions and Cryococktails during Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Cryopreservation","authors":"L. Cosentino, William L. Corwin, J. Baust, Norma A. Diaz-Mayoral, H. Cooley, Wen Shao, R. Buskirk, J. Baust","doi":"10.1089/CPT.2007.9987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/CPT.2007.9987","url":null,"abstract":"The use of cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) has proven critical in both clinical and biomedical applications. While utilized, in numerous settings, the functionality of frozen PBMCs is often limited, and a disconnect exists between measured viability and outcome. In this study we investigated parameters affecting outcome including storage protocol, freeze media, and assessment assay. PBMCs were isolated from seven healthy donors and cryopreserved in: (1) a media-based cocktail (SAIC), (2) CryoStor 7.5 (CS7.5), and (3) CryoStor 7.5 plus caspase inhibitors (CS7.5 ± Inh). All samples were stored in vapor phase liquid nitrogen (static) with replicates exposed to a thermal cycling regime, which mimicked typical sample handling (cycle). Viability was assessed immediately postthaw by trypan blue. Cryopreservation-induced delayed-onset cell death (CIDOCD) was evaluated postthaw using the Vybrant® Apoptosis Assay (VAA) that differentiated viability, apoptosis, and necrosis by fluorescent mi...","PeriodicalId":51233,"journal":{"name":"Cell Preservation Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"189-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/CPT.2007.9987","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60915533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. A. Stewart, DaRue Prieto, L. Cosentino, H. Issaq, T. Veenstra
Biomarker discovery investigations utilizing sera samples typically show differences in peptides originating from high abundant proteins. These peptides, produced from the activity of one or more protease(s), by themselves may not reflect a disease-associated biomarker(s), but in fact, show the downstream effect of disease specific protease(s). The ability to select “true” biomarkers of disease is mired by the inter- and intrapatient variability typically observed in a proteomics approach to serum biomarker discovery. As an example, serum from an individual was collected with three types of serum separator tubes (SST) and stored at 4°C for prolonged periods of time. The postcollection integrity of the serum was examined using microcapillary nanoflow reversed-phase liquid chromatography (nano-RPLC) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) of the trypsin-digested, low molecular weight protein fraction. An increase in unique peptides per protein was observed for the highest abundant proteins with prolonged storage t...
{"title":"The Approach and Design of a Surrogate Protease Substrate for Disease Biomarker Discovery","authors":"N. A. Stewart, DaRue Prieto, L. Cosentino, H. Issaq, T. Veenstra","doi":"10.1089/CPT.2007.0509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/CPT.2007.0509","url":null,"abstract":"Biomarker discovery investigations utilizing sera samples typically show differences in peptides originating from high abundant proteins. These peptides, produced from the activity of one or more protease(s), by themselves may not reflect a disease-associated biomarker(s), but in fact, show the downstream effect of disease specific protease(s). The ability to select “true” biomarkers of disease is mired by the inter- and intrapatient variability typically observed in a proteomics approach to serum biomarker discovery. As an example, serum from an individual was collected with three types of serum separator tubes (SST) and stored at 4°C for prolonged periods of time. The postcollection integrity of the serum was examined using microcapillary nanoflow reversed-phase liquid chromatography (nano-RPLC) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) of the trypsin-digested, low molecular weight protein fraction. An increase in unique peptides per protein was observed for the highest abundant proteins with prolonged storage t...","PeriodicalId":51233,"journal":{"name":"Cell Preservation Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"205-215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/CPT.2007.0509","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60914846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The preservation of DNA is of wide interest to scientists in disparate fields from biorepository management to pharmaceutical sciences. Although the term “preservation” is used by all these fields and refers to the maintenance of chemical and physical integrity of the DNA molecule, it should not be surprising that the perspectives of scientists from these distinct fields differ significantly. Most notably, the time frame for stability of a pharmaceutical product is approximately 2 years, whereas meaningful stability for an evolutionary biologist is measured in the hundreds of millions of years. Such divergent viewpoints not only have a significant effect on the time span of preservation, but also on what criteria are used to assess “stability.” This review discusses the literature addressing the maintenance of DNA integrity from the perspective of developing methods that offer improved preservation. Specifically, studies on the stability of DNA in solution, frozen, and dried are discussed. The findings fr...
{"title":"Preservation of DNA","authors":"T. Anchordoquy, M. C. Molina","doi":"10.1089/CPT.2007.0511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/CPT.2007.0511","url":null,"abstract":"The preservation of DNA is of wide interest to scientists in disparate fields from biorepository management to pharmaceutical sciences. Although the term “preservation” is used by all these fields and refers to the maintenance of chemical and physical integrity of the DNA molecule, it should not be surprising that the perspectives of scientists from these distinct fields differ significantly. Most notably, the time frame for stability of a pharmaceutical product is approximately 2 years, whereas meaningful stability for an evolutionary biologist is measured in the hundreds of millions of years. Such divergent viewpoints not only have a significant effect on the time span of preservation, but also on what criteria are used to assess “stability.” This review discusses the literature addressing the maintenance of DNA integrity from the perspective of developing methods that offer improved preservation. Specifically, studies on the stability of DNA in solution, frozen, and dried are discussed. The findings fr...","PeriodicalId":51233,"journal":{"name":"Cell Preservation Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"180-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/CPT.2007.0511","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60914871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. P. Svedentsov, T. Tumanova, O. Zaytseva, O. Solomina, S. V. Utemov
Clinicians have long faced the problem of preserving cells and realize the need to maintain functionality of cells, which is possible under conditions of deep cryoanabiosis (cryopreservation) (−196...
{"title":"Preservation of Leukocytes in Conditions of Cryoanabiosis","authors":"E. P. Svedentsov, T. Tumanova, O. Zaytseva, O. Solomina, S. V. Utemov","doi":"10.1089/CPT.2007.0508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/CPT.2007.0508","url":null,"abstract":"Clinicians have long faced the problem of preserving cells and realize the need to maintain functionality of cells, which is possible under conditions of deep cryoanabiosis (cryopreservation) (−196...","PeriodicalId":51233,"journal":{"name":"Cell Preservation Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"144-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/CPT.2007.0508","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60914825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Baust, M. Vogel, K. Snyder, R. Buskirk, J. Baust
Post-thaw viability following cryopreservation (CP) remains suboptimal for many cell systems. Recent focus on delayed-onset cell death (DOCD) is providing an explanation for this observed failure. One potential avenue for the activation of DOCD involves the intrinsic mitochondrial-apoptotic pathway. Specifically, stressors can disrupt the pro-/anti-apoptotic protein balance associated with the mitochondria and the related Bcl-2 protein family. We hypothesized that CP-dependent disruption of the pro-/anti-apoptotic ratio (specifically, Bax: Bcl-XL) contributes to the activation and progression of DOCD. In this study, human dermal fibroblasts were cryopreserved in various freeze media (media +5% DMSO or CryoStor™ CS5), frozen at 1°C · min−1to −80°C and stored in LN2. Following storage, cells were rapidly thawed and plated in culture media. Viability was assessed daily using a metabolic indicator (alamarBlue) and a nucleic acid probe (SytoDye). Total cellular protein was isolated from samples at 0, 6, 12, an...
{"title":"Activation of Mitochondrial-Associated Apoptosis Contributes to Cryopreservation Failure","authors":"J. Baust, M. Vogel, K. Snyder, R. Buskirk, J. Baust","doi":"10.1089/CPT.2007.9990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/CPT.2007.9990","url":null,"abstract":"Post-thaw viability following cryopreservation (CP) remains suboptimal for many cell systems. Recent focus on delayed-onset cell death (DOCD) is providing an explanation for this observed failure. One potential avenue for the activation of DOCD involves the intrinsic mitochondrial-apoptotic pathway. Specifically, stressors can disrupt the pro-/anti-apoptotic protein balance associated with the mitochondria and the related Bcl-2 protein family. We hypothesized that CP-dependent disruption of the pro-/anti-apoptotic ratio (specifically, Bax: Bcl-XL) contributes to the activation and progression of DOCD. In this study, human dermal fibroblasts were cryopreserved in various freeze media (media +5% DMSO or CryoStor™ CS5), frozen at 1°C · min−1to −80°C and stored in LN2. Following storage, cells were rapidly thawed and plated in culture media. Viability was assessed daily using a metabolic indicator (alamarBlue) and a nucleic acid probe (SytoDye). Total cellular protein was isolated from samples at 0, 6, 12, an...","PeriodicalId":51233,"journal":{"name":"Cell Preservation Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"155-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/CPT.2007.9990","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60915621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trophic factor supplementation (TFS) of University of Wisconsin (UW) solution has been previously shown to enhance kidney viability after cold storage. Here, an in vitro model was used to study the...
{"title":"Trophic Factor Supplementation Protects Kidney Tubule Cells from Cold Ischemic Injury and Decreases Free Radical Production during Rewarming","authors":"K. Waller, J. Foley, J. McAnulty, C. Murphy","doi":"10.1089/CPT.2007.0507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/CPT.2007.0507","url":null,"abstract":"Trophic factor supplementation (TFS) of University of Wisconsin (UW) solution has been previously shown to enhance kidney viability after cold storage. Here, an in vitro model was used to study the...","PeriodicalId":51233,"journal":{"name":"Cell Preservation Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"132-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/CPT.2007.0507","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60914817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peng-Fei Yang, Xin Wang, T. Hua, Da‐Wen Sun, Z. Chang, Yilin Cao
In order to predict optimal freezing processes for the cryopreservation of human dermal fibroblasts, knowledge of fundamental cryobiological characteristics including cell osmotic characteristics is required. In this study, the osmotic characteristics of human dermal fibroblasts were experimentally measured. The cell volume was 5100 μm3, and the relative diameter was 21 μm, at isotonic osmolality. The cell volume change was also measured after the cells were exposed and equilibrated to different anisosmotic conditions. It was found that the cell volume was a linear function of the reciprocal of the extracellular osmolality (Boyle–van't Hoff plot). The nonosmotic volume of the cell was 36% of the isotonic volume of the cells. Then these parameters including the nonosmotic volume of the cell were used in the water transport model to simulate water transport of fibroblasts at various freezing rates between 0.01–50°C/min.
{"title":"Water Transport during Freezing of Human Dermal Fibroblast as Affected by Various Freezing Rates","authors":"Peng-Fei Yang, Xin Wang, T. Hua, Da‐Wen Sun, Z. Chang, Yilin Cao","doi":"10.1089/CPT.2007.0505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/CPT.2007.0505","url":null,"abstract":"In order to predict optimal freezing processes for the cryopreservation of human dermal fibroblasts, knowledge of fundamental cryobiological characteristics including cell osmotic characteristics is required. In this study, the osmotic characteristics of human dermal fibroblasts were experimentally measured. The cell volume was 5100 μm3, and the relative diameter was 21 μm, at isotonic osmolality. The cell volume change was also measured after the cells were exposed and equilibrated to different anisosmotic conditions. It was found that the cell volume was a linear function of the reciprocal of the extracellular osmolality (Boyle–van't Hoff plot). The nonosmotic volume of the cell was 36% of the isotonic volume of the cells. Then these parameters including the nonosmotic volume of the cell were used in the water transport model to simulate water transport of fibroblasts at various freezing rates between 0.01–50°C/min.","PeriodicalId":51233,"journal":{"name":"Cell Preservation Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"137-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/CPT.2007.0505","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60914759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lipid peroxidation of biological membranes is one of the most studied indicators of oxidative stress. Very little is known about the extent of oxidative damage that occurs during the desiccation of mammalian cells. The objective of this study was to modify and validate a method for the determination of lipid peroxidation in desiccated red blood cells (RBCs). The measurement of malondialdehydes (MDAs), the decomposition products of oxidized polyunsaturated fatty acids, is commonly used as a method for the quantification of lipid peroxidation. The method is based on the reaction of MDAs with thiobarbituric acid, which forms a thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) chromophore. Validation of the method to dried RBC specimens included the optimization of an MDA standard curve, spiking studies, measurement of TBARS in lyophilized RBCs, and reexamination of the reagents and processes that are associated with this assay. The recovery of MDA standards, which were lyophilized with RBCs was reasonable (72....
{"title":"Determination of Lipid Peroxidation in Desiccated Red Blood Cells","authors":"Tamir Kanias, Kenneth A Wong, J. Acker","doi":"10.1089/CPT.2007.0513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/CPT.2007.0513","url":null,"abstract":"Lipid peroxidation of biological membranes is one of the most studied indicators of oxidative stress. Very little is known about the extent of oxidative damage that occurs during the desiccation of mammalian cells. The objective of this study was to modify and validate a method for the determination of lipid peroxidation in desiccated red blood cells (RBCs). The measurement of malondialdehydes (MDAs), the decomposition products of oxidized polyunsaturated fatty acids, is commonly used as a method for the quantification of lipid peroxidation. The method is based on the reaction of MDAs with thiobarbituric acid, which forms a thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) chromophore. Validation of the method to dried RBC specimens included the optimization of an MDA standard curve, spiking studies, measurement of TBARS in lyophilized RBCs, and reexamination of the reagents and processes that are associated with this assay. The recovery of MDA standards, which were lyophilized with RBCs was reasonable (72....","PeriodicalId":51233,"journal":{"name":"Cell Preservation Technology","volume":"25 1","pages":"165-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/CPT.2007.0513","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60914897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Brockbank, Ying C. Song, Elizabeth D. Greene, M. Taylor
The purpose of this study was to compare vitrified small diameter venous arterial bypass graft explants with fresh graft controls using quantitative morphometrics and smooth muscle physiology. Fresh and vitrified reversed ipsilateral external jugular veins were used as autologous common carotid interposition bypass grafts on the right side in New Zealand White rabbits. Animals were sacrificed at either 2 or 4 weeks after implantation, and the vein grafts were harvested for study. Histology revealed that the vitrified grafts initially arteriolized more slowly than untreated grafts and that they caught up by 4 weeks postimplantation. Histomorphometrics revealed that the intimal area was less in vitrified grafts at 2 weeks (p = 0.007) and that the luminal area was less in vitrified grafts at 4 weeks (p = 0.002). All other morphometric parameters were not significantly different. Smooth muscle physiology demonstrated a tendency for the responses of vitrified grafts to be lower than controls, not statistically...
{"title":"Quantitative Analyses of Vitrified Autologous Venous Arterial Bypass Graft Explants","authors":"K. Brockbank, Ying C. Song, Elizabeth D. Greene, M. Taylor","doi":"10.1089/CPT.2007.0504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/CPT.2007.0504","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to compare vitrified small diameter venous arterial bypass graft explants with fresh graft controls using quantitative morphometrics and smooth muscle physiology. Fresh and vitrified reversed ipsilateral external jugular veins were used as autologous common carotid interposition bypass grafts on the right side in New Zealand White rabbits. Animals were sacrificed at either 2 or 4 weeks after implantation, and the vein grafts were harvested for study. Histology revealed that the vitrified grafts initially arteriolized more slowly than untreated grafts and that they caught up by 4 weeks postimplantation. Histomorphometrics revealed that the intimal area was less in vitrified grafts at 2 weeks (p = 0.007) and that the luminal area was less in vitrified grafts at 4 weeks (p = 0.002). All other morphometric parameters were not significantly different. Smooth muscle physiology demonstrated a tendency for the responses of vitrified grafts to be lower than controls, not statistically...","PeriodicalId":51233,"journal":{"name":"Cell Preservation Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"68-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/CPT.2007.0504","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60914749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cryotherapy is emerging as a treatment method to identify and ablate atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Cryotherapy utilizes reversible moderate ultra-hypothermic temperatures to transiently halt electrophysiological activity to identify target areas for ablation with minimal damage to the nonarrhythmogenic tissue. This represents a potential advantage over heat-based therapies. Subsequent application of subfreezing temperatures to the targeted cells results in cellular ablation and ultimately correction of the arrhythmia. An in vitro study was performed to characterize and investigate the efficacy of cryotherapy procedures in mammalian cardiac systems. Mammalian cardiomyocytes were isolated from neonatal rats and seeded in tissue culture plates. Samples experienced brief (15 sec to 60 sec) thermal excursions of temperatures ranging from 60°C to −20°C. Upon return to normal culture conditions (37°C), cellular metabolic activity and contractile response were monitored for 72 h and compared to control...
{"title":"Cardiomyocyte Responses to Thermal Excursions: Implications for Electrophysiological Cardiac Mapping","authors":"K. Snyder, J. Baust, R. Buskirk, J. Baust","doi":"10.1089/CPT.2007.9995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/CPT.2007.9995","url":null,"abstract":"Cryotherapy is emerging as a treatment method to identify and ablate atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Cryotherapy utilizes reversible moderate ultra-hypothermic temperatures to transiently halt electrophysiological activity to identify target areas for ablation with minimal damage to the nonarrhythmogenic tissue. This represents a potential advantage over heat-based therapies. Subsequent application of subfreezing temperatures to the targeted cells results in cellular ablation and ultimately correction of the arrhythmia. An in vitro study was performed to characterize and investigate the efficacy of cryotherapy procedures in mammalian cardiac systems. Mammalian cardiomyocytes were isolated from neonatal rats and seeded in tissue culture plates. Samples experienced brief (15 sec to 60 sec) thermal excursions of temperatures ranging from 60°C to −20°C. Upon return to normal culture conditions (37°C), cellular metabolic activity and contractile response were monitored for 72 h and compared to control...","PeriodicalId":51233,"journal":{"name":"Cell Preservation Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"116-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/CPT.2007.9995","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60915571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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