Umbilical cord blood banking raises several issues in legal and ethical terms, from the determination of ownership of biological material to the respect of the right of self determination–namely, the right to give an informed consent–of the individuals involved (newborn, parents), to the commercialization of cord blood banks and to the related autologous use of donated placental blood. Recently these issues have been considered by the European Group on Ethics in Science and New Technologies to the European Commission (EGE) in the Opinion on “Ethical aspects of umbilical cord blood banking” (Opinion No. 19 of 16 March 2004). They have also been part of a wide and intense international debate. This paper aims at examining these themes–ownership, informed consent, and commercialization of cord blood banking–with particular regard to the EGE Opinion on the ethical aspects of umbilical cord blood banking. Such opinion focuses on private cord blood banks for autologous use and underlines the legitimacy conditio...
{"title":"The Ethics of Cord Blood Banking in Light of Ownership, Informed Consent, and Solidarity","authors":"E. Salvaterra, L. Lecchi, Sarah Gobbi, P. Rebulla","doi":"10.1089/CPT.2006.4.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/CPT.2006.4.91","url":null,"abstract":"Umbilical cord blood banking raises several issues in legal and ethical terms, from the determination of ownership of biological material to the respect of the right of self determination–namely, the right to give an informed consent–of the individuals involved (newborn, parents), to the commercialization of cord blood banks and to the related autologous use of donated placental blood. Recently these issues have been considered by the European Group on Ethics in Science and New Technologies to the European Commission (EGE) in the Opinion on “Ethical aspects of umbilical cord blood banking” (Opinion No. 19 of 16 March 2004). They have also been part of a wide and intense international debate. This paper aims at examining these themes–ownership, informed consent, and commercialization of cord blood banking–with particular regard to the EGE Opinion on the ethical aspects of umbilical cord blood banking. Such opinion focuses on private cord blood banks for autologous use and underlines the legitimacy conditio...","PeriodicalId":51233,"journal":{"name":"Cell Preservation Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"91-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/CPT.2006.4.91","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60914647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Izawa, T. Matsuo, T. Uchida, K. Shimamura, H. Ohtsuki
To search for the mechanism of the effect of trehalose on the ocular surface applied as eye drops, we observed trehalose-treated and dried corneal epithelial surfaces of porcine eyes with atomic fo...
为了探讨海藻糖滴眼液对眼表的作用机制，我们用原子法观察了海藻糖处理和干燥后的猪眼角膜上皮表面。
{"title":"Atomic Force Microscopic Observation of Trehalose-treated and Dried Corneal Epithelial Surface","authors":"Y. Izawa, T. Matsuo, T. Uchida, K. Shimamura, H. Ohtsuki","doi":"10.1089/CPT.2006.4.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/CPT.2006.4.117","url":null,"abstract":"To search for the mechanism of the effect of trehalose on the ocular surface applied as eye drops, we observed trehalose-treated and dried corneal epithelial surfaces of porcine eyes with atomic fo...","PeriodicalId":51233,"journal":{"name":"Cell Preservation Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"117-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/CPT.2006.4.117","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60913094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As a result of recent advances in diagnostic technology and an increased awareness among clinicians, osteochondral injury is being detected more frequently. Because there is little or no regenerative capacity in adult articular cartilage (AC), there is a need to preserve and store AC for the repair of joint surfaces. Chondrocytes embedded within extracellular matrix must remain viable during storage for successful tissue transplantation. This study was designed to contribute toward establishing a timeline and suitable conditions for storing human AC, compare human chondrocyte survival with bovine results, and finally, distinguish apoptosis from necrosis in human AC after hypothermic storage. We hypothesized that the presence of reactive oxygen species, that increase at hypothermic temperatures, could induce apoptosis and lead to the degradation of banked tissue. Osteochondral dowels were drilled from eight cadaveric femoral condyles. At least five dowels were obtained from each joint. The first was used f...
{"title":"The Effects of Hypothermic Storage on Chondrocyte Survival and Apoptosis in Human Articular Cartilage","authors":"S. Hunter, S. Timmermann, N. Schachar, K. Muldrew","doi":"10.1089/CPT.2006.4.82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/CPT.2006.4.82","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of recent advances in diagnostic technology and an increased awareness among clinicians, osteochondral injury is being detected more frequently. Because there is little or no regenerative capacity in adult articular cartilage (AC), there is a need to preserve and store AC for the repair of joint surfaces. Chondrocytes embedded within extracellular matrix must remain viable during storage for successful tissue transplantation. This study was designed to contribute toward establishing a timeline and suitable conditions for storing human AC, compare human chondrocyte survival with bovine results, and finally, distinguish apoptosis from necrosis in human AC after hypothermic storage. We hypothesized that the presence of reactive oxygen species, that increase at hypothermic temperatures, could induce apoptosis and lead to the degradation of banked tissue. Osteochondral dowels were drilled from eight cadaveric femoral condyles. At least five dowels were obtained from each joint. The first was used f...","PeriodicalId":51233,"journal":{"name":"Cell Preservation Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"82-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/CPT.2006.4.82","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60914031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extreme Cryo 2006 The 8th Annual Meeting of the Canadian Society for Biopreservation and Cryobiology","authors":"L. Mcgann, J. Elliott, J. Acker","doi":"10.1089/CPT.2006.4.132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/CPT.2006.4.132","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51233,"journal":{"name":"Cell Preservation Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"132-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/CPT.2006.4.132","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60913160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aida Rodríguez, E. Gómez, I. Antolín, P. Duque, C. Hidalgo, Cristina Alonso, C. Tamargo, L. Fernández, M. Carbajo, N. Facal, J. N. Caamaño, C. Díez
In this work we analyze the effects of vitrification on the ultrastructure and developmental ability of bovine oocytes matured in the presence of 9-cis-retinoic acid (RA). Bovine cumulus oocyte com...
{"title":"Ultrastructure and Development of Vitrified/Warmed Bovine Oocytes Matured with 9-cis Retinoic Acid","authors":"Aida Rodríguez, E. Gómez, I. Antolín, P. Duque, C. Hidalgo, Cristina Alonso, C. Tamargo, L. Fernández, M. Carbajo, N. Facal, J. N. Caamaño, C. Díez","doi":"10.1089/CPT.2006.4.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/CPT.2006.4.123","url":null,"abstract":"In this work we analyze the effects of vitrification on the ultrastructure and developmental ability of bovine oocytes matured in the presence of 9-cis-retinoic acid (RA). Bovine cumulus oocyte com...","PeriodicalId":51233,"journal":{"name":"Cell Preservation Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"123-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/CPT.2006.4.123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60913125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bharath Arunachalam, R. Millard, M. Kazmierczak, H. Rodriguez-Rilo, R. Banerjee
The Two-Layer Method (TLM) of hypothermic preservation applied to cadaveric pancreata has been reported to permit improved islet cell yield and functional quality over simple immersion preservation in University of Wisconsin (UW) solution or perfluorocarbon (PFC) fluid alone. The mechanistic basis for improved islet cell outcomes with TLM preservation is argued by proponents of the TLM to be due to improved oxygen diffusion from PFC to tissue. However, no rigorous evaluation of this or alternative hypotheses has been reported. Because UW solution and PFC have significantly different thermal properties, the current study postulates that these characteristics could more likely than oxygen diffusion contribute to the salutary outcomes reported for the TLM. In the current study, an isotropic block of agarose gelatin is used as a tissue surrogate. The similarity in thermal behavior of agarose gelatin and pancreas tissue is validated. Thermal measurements are made in the tissue surrogate, when cooled by immersi...
{"title":"Evaluation of Thermal Efficacy of Hypothermic Tissue Preservation Methods","authors":"Bharath Arunachalam, R. Millard, M. Kazmierczak, H. Rodriguez-Rilo, R. Banerjee","doi":"10.1089/CPT.2006.4.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/CPT.2006.4.97","url":null,"abstract":"The Two-Layer Method (TLM) of hypothermic preservation applied to cadaveric pancreata has been reported to permit improved islet cell yield and functional quality over simple immersion preservation in University of Wisconsin (UW) solution or perfluorocarbon (PFC) fluid alone. The mechanistic basis for improved islet cell outcomes with TLM preservation is argued by proponents of the TLM to be due to improved oxygen diffusion from PFC to tissue. However, no rigorous evaluation of this or alternative hypotheses has been reported. Because UW solution and PFC have significantly different thermal properties, the current study postulates that these characteristics could more likely than oxygen diffusion contribute to the salutary outcomes reported for the TLM. In the current study, an isotropic block of agarose gelatin is used as a tissue surrogate. The similarity in thermal behavior of agarose gelatin and pancreas tissue is validated. Thermal measurements are made in the tissue surrogate, when cooled by immersi...","PeriodicalId":51233,"journal":{"name":"Cell Preservation Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"97-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/CPT.2006.4.97","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60914238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dott. Sergio De Angeli, L. Pup, E. Durante, P. Parnigotto, G. Nussdorfer, G. Gajo
Peptides derived from pro-adrenomedullin (AM) and endothelin (ET) establish two families of regulatory factors that are almost ubiquitously expressed in human tissues. Recently, some studies demonstrated that AM is expressed by all terminal cells of the lymphoid and myeloid pathways, while endothelin-1 (ET-1) is expressed and released by normal bone marrow platelet precursor cells. Hence, we investigated the inductive capacity of these two factors on clonal growth of hematopoietic cord blood stem cells (CBSCs), culturing whole cord blood, mononucleated cells and CD34+38− subset population in the presence of high concentrations of AM, ET-1 (5 × 10−8 M) and their inhibitors (and 5 × 10−7 M). Moreover, we performed CBSCs middle-term expansion in a stroma-free liquid culture medium with AM, ET-1, and three different cytokine combinations. After 2 weeks of incubation, aliquots of expanded-cell suspensions were seeded on semisolid medium and clonogenic tests were carried out by counting the number of colony-for...
{"title":"Adrenomedullin and Endothelin-1: Two New Growth Factors for In Vitro Expansion of Hematopoietic Cord Blood Cells","authors":"Dott. Sergio De Angeli, L. Pup, E. Durante, P. Parnigotto, G. Nussdorfer, G. Gajo","doi":"10.1089/CPT.2006.4.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/CPT.2006.4.55","url":null,"abstract":"Peptides derived from pro-adrenomedullin (AM) and endothelin (ET) establish two families of regulatory factors that are almost ubiquitously expressed in human tissues. Recently, some studies demonstrated that AM is expressed by all terminal cells of the lymphoid and myeloid pathways, while endothelin-1 (ET-1) is expressed and released by normal bone marrow platelet precursor cells. Hence, we investigated the inductive capacity of these two factors on clonal growth of hematopoietic cord blood stem cells (CBSCs), culturing whole cord blood, mononucleated cells and CD34+38− subset population in the presence of high concentrations of AM, ET-1 (5 × 10−8 M) and their inhibitors (and 5 × 10−7 M). Moreover, we performed CBSCs middle-term expansion in a stroma-free liquid culture medium with AM, ET-1, and three different cytokine combinations. After 2 weeks of incubation, aliquots of expanded-cell suspensions were seeded on semisolid medium and clonogenic tests were carried out by counting the number of colony-for...","PeriodicalId":51233,"journal":{"name":"Cell Preservation Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"55-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/CPT.2006.4.55","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60914154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recent focus of the phenomenon of cryopreservation-induced delayed-onset cell death (CIDOCD) has been linked to molecular-based cellular responses. Current literature suggests that along with caspases, additional proteases such as calpains may also play integral roles in cell death. Although the regulation and activation of calpains is not fully understood, it is becoming increasingly clear that they are involved in a wide variety of cellular events including cell death and cell adhesion. In this study we investigated the involvement that the calpain family of proteases has on cell death and cell adhesion during cryopreservation (CP) and the subsequent recovery period. It was hypothesized that a CP-dependent activation of the calpain cascade would contribute to the activation and progression of the events associated with CIDOCD, and by modulating this activity more successful CP could be achieved. Our data show a CP-induced change in the activation of the calpain proteolytic pathway, a 10% to 15% improvem...
{"title":"Involvement of the Cysteine Protease Calpain Family in Cell Death After Cryopreservation","authors":"A. Robilotto, J. Baust, R. Buskirk, J. Baust","doi":"10.1089/CPT.2006.4.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/CPT.2006.4.17","url":null,"abstract":"Recent focus of the phenomenon of cryopreservation-induced delayed-onset cell death (CIDOCD) has been linked to molecular-based cellular responses. Current literature suggests that along with caspases, additional proteases such as calpains may also play integral roles in cell death. Although the regulation and activation of calpains is not fully understood, it is becoming increasingly clear that they are involved in a wide variety of cellular events including cell death and cell adhesion. In this study we investigated the involvement that the calpain family of proteases has on cell death and cell adhesion during cryopreservation (CP) and the subsequent recovery period. It was hypothesized that a CP-dependent activation of the calpain cascade would contribute to the activation and progression of the events associated with CIDOCD, and by modulating this activity more successful CP could be achieved. Our data show a CP-induced change in the activation of the calpain proteolytic pathway, a 10% to 15% improvem...","PeriodicalId":51233,"journal":{"name":"Cell Preservation Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"17-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/CPT.2006.4.17","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60913541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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