Commercial tyres that are specifically designed for higher speed and on-highway tarred road conditions are currently being used on lightweight underground mining utility vehicles. This is due to there being no alternative tyres that are readily available to better suite the application and environment. This research calls attention to the side effects of using commercial tyres in mining environments. As a result, a model-based systems engineering approach is used to design a more appropriate tyre for this environment. Airless tires have been a focus area for many top tyre manufacturing companies however the criteria and focus of existing papers has predominantly been on commercial tyres that follow a completely different set of design rules and requirements. In this research a topologically optimised tyre that better conforms with the design parameters of the vehicle, is proposed and analysed. A computational aided design (CAD) model of a commercial pneumatic tyre and a foam filled tyre was created. Data from a typical mining vehicle of this class was captured and used to calculate the mechanics as inputs to the finite element model (FEM) including driveshaft effects. This model is then statically analyses and optimised over various iterations of topologies. The iteration stopping criteria is reduced stresses on drivetrain components and being able to accommodate a greater payload. This research provides a proof of concept on the feasibly of replacing standard commercial pneumatic or foam filled tyres with purpose designed airless tyres to better serve the mining market whilst retaining original equipment manufacturer vehicle design parameters. From the results it was found that these tyres can meet the loading requirements as specified given the resultant deflections, reduced stresses and reduced polar second moment area on the driveshaft component (s).
{"title":"Topological Optimization of Mining Vehicle Tyre","authors":"Peter Muller, Linda Mthembu","doi":"10.4028/p-j95uwz","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-j95uwz","url":null,"abstract":"Commercial tyres that are specifically designed for higher speed and on-highway tarred road conditions are currently being used on lightweight underground mining utility vehicles. This is due to there being no alternative tyres that are readily available to better suite the application and environment. This research calls attention to the side effects of using commercial tyres in mining environments. As a result, a model-based systems engineering approach is used to design a more appropriate tyre for this environment. Airless tires have been a focus area for many top tyre manufacturing companies however the criteria and focus of existing papers has predominantly been on commercial tyres that follow a completely different set of design rules and requirements. In this research a topologically optimised tyre that better conforms with the design parameters of the vehicle, is proposed and analysed. A computational aided design (CAD) model of a commercial pneumatic tyre and a foam filled tyre was created. Data from a typical mining vehicle of this class was captured and used to calculate the mechanics as inputs to the finite element model (FEM) including driveshaft effects. This model is then statically analyses and optimised over various iterations of topologies. The iteration stopping criteria is reduced stresses on drivetrain components and being able to accommodate a greater payload. This research provides a proof of concept on the feasibly of replacing standard commercial pneumatic or foam filled tyres with purpose designed airless tyres to better serve the mining market whilst retaining original equipment manufacturer vehicle design parameters. From the results it was found that these tyres can meet the loading requirements as specified given the resultant deflections, reduced stresses and reduced polar second moment area on the driveshaft component (s).","PeriodicalId":512976,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Headway","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140230899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Measurement of strain and stress plays a crucial role in advancing research in mechanical engineering. In this paper, the bending strain and stress of the steel cantilever beam subjected to concentrated loads at the free end are investigated using analytical, experimental, and numerical approaches. The experimental investigation was carried out through the use of a strain gauge sensor connected with a Wheatstone quarter-bridge configuration. The strain gauge used in this experiment is interfaced with the NI SignalExpress software in conjunction with the NI modules to ensure accurate data acquisition. The experimental measurements provide essential benchmark values for comparison with the numerical results. The numerical simulation is developed using ANSYS Workbench. The comparison results show that the experimental values have good agreement with the simulated FEM and analytical values. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the bending strain characteristics of steel cantilever beams and contribute to the advancement of mechanical engineering research.
应变和应力的测量在推进机械工程研究方面起着至关重要的作用。本文采用分析、实验和数值方法研究了自由端受到集中载荷的钢悬臂梁的弯曲应变和应力。实验研究是通过使用与惠斯通四分桥配置相连的应变计传感器进行的。实验中使用的应变计与 NI SignalExpress 软件和 NI 模块相连接，以确保准确的数据采集。实验测量结果为与数值结果进行比较提供了重要的基准值。数值模拟使用 ANSYS Workbench 开发。比较结果表明，实验值与有限元模拟值和分析值具有良好的一致性。本研究的结果为了解钢悬臂梁的弯曲应变特性提供了宝贵的见解，有助于推动机械工程研究的发展。
{"title":"Comparative Flexural Analysis of Cantilever Beam at Various Loads Using Analytical, Computational and Experimental Techniques","authors":"Ashenafi Abuye, Fasikaw Kibrete, Getaw Ayay, Ermias Gebrekidan","doi":"10.4028/p-z1h6nq","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-z1h6nq","url":null,"abstract":"Measurement of strain and stress plays a crucial role in advancing research in mechanical engineering. In this paper, the bending strain and stress of the steel cantilever beam subjected to concentrated loads at the free end are investigated using analytical, experimental, and numerical approaches. The experimental investigation was carried out through the use of a strain gauge sensor connected with a Wheatstone quarter-bridge configuration. The strain gauge used in this experiment is interfaced with the NI SignalExpress software in conjunction with the NI modules to ensure accurate data acquisition. The experimental measurements provide essential benchmark values for comparison with the numerical results. The numerical simulation is developed using ANSYS Workbench. The comparison results show that the experimental values have good agreement with the simulated FEM and analytical values. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the bending strain characteristics of steel cantilever beams and contribute to the advancement of mechanical engineering research.","PeriodicalId":512976,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Headway","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140230470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, the effect of heat treatment temperature on the resultant composition of composite Al-Si coatings on ZK60A alloy investigated. The coatings were developed using magnetron sputtering deposition. These coatings can serve as an effective anti-corrosion barrier for Mg alloys in aqueous mediums. The magnetron target composition was 80% Al and 20% Si, while in the deposited coating it was 78% Al and 18% Si, with the rest being atoms from the substrate. The as-deposited coatings had pores and the Al-Si composite was deposited in the form of globules. The sputtered coatings were subjected to heat treatment for 1.5 hours at 420 °C (HT1) and 350 °C (HT2). The ratio of elements in the heat-treated coatings changed significantly due to diffusion between substrate-coating interface and migration through the pores that exist in the coating. It was found that Mg migrates into the coating and Si into the substrate. Al/Mg ratio reduced by 81.2 and 60.6 %, respectively, in the coating after the HT1 and HT2.
{"title":"Influence of Annealing Temperature on the Chemical Composition of Composite Al-Si Coating Deposited via Magnetron Sputtering on ZK60A","authors":"Ashish Kumar Singh, Nikokajs Glizde, K. Savkovs","doi":"10.4028/p-ow1fcv","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-ow1fcv","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the effect of heat treatment temperature on the resultant composition of composite Al-Si coatings on ZK60A alloy investigated. The coatings were developed using magnetron sputtering deposition. These coatings can serve as an effective anti-corrosion barrier for Mg alloys in aqueous mediums. The magnetron target composition was 80% Al and 20% Si, while in the deposited coating it was 78% Al and 18% Si, with the rest being atoms from the substrate. The as-deposited coatings had pores and the Al-Si composite was deposited in the form of globules. The sputtered coatings were subjected to heat treatment for 1.5 hours at 420 °C (HT1) and 350 °C (HT2). The ratio of elements in the heat-treated coatings changed significantly due to diffusion between substrate-coating interface and migration through the pores that exist in the coating. It was found that Mg migrates into the coating and Si into the substrate. Al/Mg ratio reduced by 81.2 and 60.6 %, respectively, in the coating after the HT1 and HT2.","PeriodicalId":512976,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Headway","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140228635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saravanan Venkatachalam Subramanian, C. Palanisamy, Raghu Raman, P. Olubambi
The solidification mechanism of ductile iron is a bit complex due to the precipitation of graphite and silicon. These elements change the solidification pattern of cast iron. Density of these elements is less than iron leads to occupying more volume consequently increase the overall metal volume. There are two aspects on this increase in metal volume. One is, reducing this volume increase to reduce the creation of porosities at the earlier stage of solidification and second is, using this volume increase to remove porosity at the later stage of solidification. Proper understanding of this graphite expansion in cast iron solidification will bring insights on reducing or removing of the risers. The current study focus on correlating the net contraction and austenitic liquidus point with shrinkage. The average contraction found through this study is 1.36 % which is more than the net expansion of 0.25 % (without riser) reported in literature.
{"title":"Certain Investigation on Feasibility of Developing Riser Less Ductile Iron Castings","authors":"Saravanan Venkatachalam Subramanian, C. Palanisamy, Raghu Raman, P. Olubambi","doi":"10.4028/p-i3gn61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-i3gn61","url":null,"abstract":"The solidification mechanism of ductile iron is a bit complex due to the precipitation of graphite and silicon. These elements change the solidification pattern of cast iron. Density of these elements is less than iron leads to occupying more volume consequently increase the overall metal volume. There are two aspects on this increase in metal volume. One is, reducing this volume increase to reduce the creation of porosities at the earlier stage of solidification and second is, using this volume increase to remove porosity at the later stage of solidification. Proper understanding of this graphite expansion in cast iron solidification will bring insights on reducing or removing of the risers. The current study focus on correlating the net contraction and austenitic liquidus point with shrinkage. The average contraction found through this study is 1.36 % which is more than the net expansion of 0.25 % (without riser) reported in literature.","PeriodicalId":512976,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Headway","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140229828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study an Artificial Neural Network for the simulation of flood phenomena in a natural area was developed. Then this network was implemented in the urban area of a Greek city (Amyntaio, Florina). The neural networks have many advantages: non-linearity, adaptability, input-output mapping, indicative response, damage resistance, possibility of implementation with VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) technology, content related information and analysis and design uniformity. With neural networks, mathematical simulation of the considered phenomenon is not attempted, but the extraction of quantitative conclusions for specific data, based on similar cases. With the development and implementation of this network all the points that are in risk for flood are identified. The results showed that the help of an Artificial Neural Network in these cases is crucial for the future decisions in cases of flood phenomena.
{"title":"Development and Implementation of an Artificial Neural Network for the Simulation of Flood Phenomena in a Natural Area","authors":"E. Keramaris, Ioannis Petikas","doi":"10.4028/p-yos9a2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-yos9a2","url":null,"abstract":"In this study an Artificial Neural Network for the simulation of flood phenomena in a natural area was developed. Then this network was implemented in the urban area of a Greek city (Amyntaio, Florina). The neural networks have many advantages: non-linearity, adaptability, input-output mapping, indicative response, damage resistance, possibility of implementation with VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) technology, content related information and analysis and design uniformity. With neural networks, mathematical simulation of the considered phenomenon is not attempted, but the extraction of quantitative conclusions for specific data, based on similar cases. With the development and implementation of this network all the points that are in risk for flood are identified. The results showed that the help of an Artificial Neural Network in these cases is crucial for the future decisions in cases of flood phenomena.","PeriodicalId":512976,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Headway","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140230521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The International Conference on Applied Research and Engineering","authors":"V. Msomi, S. Mabuwa","doi":"10.4028/b-pwej7o","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/b-pwej7o","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":512976,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Headway","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140228628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Faiz Bin Ramli, A. Sutjipto, Erwin Sulaeman, Ari Legowo
Develop an obstacle detection system for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) especially for small UAV is challenging. A robust system should be able to not only detect obstacles but the free region for the avoidance path as well. Besides, the configuration of the obstacles in the operating environment should never be disregard. In this paper, expansion cues from the detected feature points with the help of convex hull will be used to categorize the regions in the image frame. A micro LIDAR sensor is used as the initial detector of obstacle and queue for image capturing by the camera. Next, ORB algorithm is applied to find the obstacle regions and free space regions. This is done through the principal of object size changes and distance relationship in an image perspective. The proposed system was evaluated through series of experiments in a real environment which consist of different configuration of obstacles. The experiments show the proposed system was able to find the safe avoidance region regardless of the configuration of the obstacles in the operating environment. Keywords: Expansion cue; ORB; Feature points; Safe avoidance region
{"title":"Safe Avoidance Region Detection for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Using Cues from Expansion of Feature Points","authors":"Muhammad Faiz Bin Ramli, A. Sutjipto, Erwin Sulaeman, Ari Legowo","doi":"10.4028/p-zfls0d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-zfls0d","url":null,"abstract":"Develop an obstacle detection system for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) especially for small UAV is challenging. A robust system should be able to not only detect obstacles but the free region for the avoidance path as well. Besides, the configuration of the obstacles in the operating environment should never be disregard. In this paper, expansion cues from the detected feature points with the help of convex hull will be used to categorize the regions in the image frame. A micro LIDAR sensor is used as the initial detector of obstacle and queue for image capturing by the camera. Next, ORB algorithm is applied to find the obstacle regions and free space regions. This is done through the principal of object size changes and distance relationship in an image perspective. The proposed system was evaluated through series of experiments in a real environment which consist of different configuration of obstacles. The experiments show the proposed system was able to find the safe avoidance region regardless of the configuration of the obstacles in the operating environment. Keywords: Expansion cue; ORB; Feature points; Safe avoidance region","PeriodicalId":512976,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Headway","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140263182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zainal Abidin, Hendi Septian Cahyadi, Yayat Supriyatna, A. Sutjipto
Analysis of the application of Risk Based Inspection method in the primary and secondary cooling pipe of TRIGA 2000 Bandung Reactor was conducted with the aim of obtaining a risk level value. To obtain the risk level value is carried out secondary cooling pipe thickness measurement using Ultrasonic Testing first. Furthermore, to obtain the risk level value, data such as pipe specifications, flowing fluid specifications, management system factors, measured pipe thickness data and previous inspection results, and pipe maintenance history will be used to calculate probability of failure (PoF) and Consequence of Failure (CoF) values. Probability of Failure and Consequence of Failure values are then plotted into a risk matrix to find out the level of risk that the component has. Risk level results can then be used to determine inspection methods and inspection intervals. The result of the risk level obtained from the calculation of the primary cooling pipe triga reactor 2000 is MEDIUM, lower than the risk level in the primary cooling pipe Kartini Reactor is MEDIUM HIGH. For the risk level of secondary cooling pipe Triga Reactor 2000 is MEDIUM is the same as the risk level of secondary cooling pipe Kartini Reactor. The recommended inspection methods for both reactors are the same using ultrasonic thickness measurement and visual examination inspection methods. Next inspection intervals for primary cooling pipes were 2068, 2092, 2104, 2110 and 2113 and for Kartini Reactor primary cooling pipes every 20 months. For Secondary cooling pipe Triga Reactor 2000 next inspection interval is 2067, 2090, 2101, 2106 and 2108 and for Kartini Reactor secondary cooling pipe every 10.11 years.
{"title":"Risk Based Inspection Analysis on Primary and Secondary Cooling Pipe of the TRIGA 2000 Reactor","authors":"Zainal Abidin, Hendi Septian Cahyadi, Yayat Supriyatna, A. Sutjipto","doi":"10.4028/p-vmv85r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-vmv85r","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of the application of Risk Based Inspection method in the primary and secondary cooling pipe of TRIGA 2000 Bandung Reactor was conducted with the aim of obtaining a risk level value. To obtain the risk level value is carried out secondary cooling pipe thickness measurement using Ultrasonic Testing first. Furthermore, to obtain the risk level value, data such as pipe specifications, flowing fluid specifications, management system factors, measured pipe thickness data and previous inspection results, and pipe maintenance history will be used to calculate probability of failure (PoF) and Consequence of Failure (CoF) values. Probability of Failure and Consequence of Failure values are then plotted into a risk matrix to find out the level of risk that the component has. Risk level results can then be used to determine inspection methods and inspection intervals. The result of the risk level obtained from the calculation of the primary cooling pipe triga reactor 2000 is MEDIUM, lower than the risk level in the primary cooling pipe Kartini Reactor is MEDIUM HIGH. For the risk level of secondary cooling pipe Triga Reactor 2000 is MEDIUM is the same as the risk level of secondary cooling pipe Kartini Reactor. The recommended inspection methods for both reactors are the same using ultrasonic thickness measurement and visual examination inspection methods. Next inspection intervals for primary cooling pipes were 2068, 2092, 2104, 2110 and 2113 and for Kartini Reactor primary cooling pipes every 20 months. For Secondary cooling pipe Triga Reactor 2000 next inspection interval is 2067, 2090, 2101, 2106 and 2108 and for Kartini Reactor secondary cooling pipe every 10.11 years.","PeriodicalId":512976,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Headway","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140264012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Land disputes that often occur in Indonesia are disputes over land rights. Disputes over land rights occur in many places throughout Indonesia, both in remote villages and urban areas. Most of the problems that arise are related to land cases in the plantation sector. The case of land disputes in the plantation sector was caused by a sharp socio-economic gap between plantation entrepreneurs and residents living around the plantation area. One of the land rights disputes occurred between PT Selatan Agro Makmur Lestari (PT SAML) and residents of Tirta Mulya Village, Air Sugihan District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency, South Sumatra Province. The research method used in this research is the descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques are by means of interviews, observation, and documentation. The findings in this study were that in 2017, Komnas HAM RI successfully mediated mediation. Still, the results of the agreement failed to be implemented. Hence, in 2020 the residents of Tirta Mulya Village made another complaint to the Regional Land Office of South Sumatra Province because they rejected the results of the agreement signed by representatives of residents who did not give the power to represent the residents of Tirta Mulya Village. The recommendation of this research is to create an effective mediation model such as good communication, fairness in making agreements, integrity and good will from all parties.
印尼经常发生的土地纠纷是土地权利纠纷。印尼全国许多地方都存在土地权纠纷，包括偏远村庄和城市地区。出现的大多数问题都与种植业的土地案件有关。种植园部门的土地纠纷案件是由种植园企业家和种植园周边居民之间存在的巨大社会经济差距引起的。其中一起土地权纠纷发生在 PT Selatan Agro Makmur Lestari（PT SAML）和南苏门答腊省 Ogan Komering Ilir 县 Air Sugihan 区 Tirta Mulya 村的居民之间。本研究采用的研究方法是描述性定性方法。数据收集技术包括访谈、观察和记录。本研究的结果是，2017 年，印尼国家人权委员会（Komnas HAM RI）成功地进行了调解。然而，协议的结果未能得到执行。因此，在 2020 年，Tirta Mulya 村居民再次向南苏门答腊省地区土地办公室投诉，因为他们拒绝接受由居民代表签署的协议结果，而这些居民代表并没有代表 Tirta Mulya 村居民的权力。本研究的建议是创建一个有效的调解模式，如良好的沟通、协议的公平性、各方的诚信和善意。
{"title":"Settlement of Land Disputes between PT Selatan Agro Makmur Lestari (PT SAML) and Residents of Tirta Mulya Village, Air Sugihan District, Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI) Regency, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia","authors":"Ellyza Octaleny","doi":"10.4028/p-ls7mzi","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-ls7mzi","url":null,"abstract":"Land disputes that often occur in Indonesia are disputes over land rights. Disputes over land rights occur in many places throughout Indonesia, both in remote villages and urban areas. Most of the problems that arise are related to land cases in the plantation sector. The case of land disputes in the plantation sector was caused by a sharp socio-economic gap between plantation entrepreneurs and residents living around the plantation area. One of the land rights disputes occurred between PT Selatan Agro Makmur Lestari (PT SAML) and residents of Tirta Mulya Village, Air Sugihan District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency, South Sumatra Province. The research method used in this research is the descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques are by means of interviews, observation, and documentation. The findings in this study were that in 2017, Komnas HAM RI successfully mediated mediation. Still, the results of the agreement failed to be implemented. Hence, in 2020 the residents of Tirta Mulya Village made another complaint to the Regional Land Office of South Sumatra Province because they rejected the results of the agreement signed by representatives of residents who did not give the power to represent the residents of Tirta Mulya Village. The recommendation of this research is to create an effective mediation model such as good communication, fairness in making agreements, integrity and good will from all parties.","PeriodicalId":512976,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Headway","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140078978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The red color of red rice pericarp and aleurone is regulated by proanthocyanidin protein. Proanthocyanidin protein was encoded by partial sequence of Rc gene. The mutation from DNA sequence would give divers phenotype in pericarp and aleurone. This study used four sample of local red rice (Keli Rejo, Sumber Jaya, Cahya Tani, Sirah Pulau Padang) from South Sumatra as genetic sources and specific primers (RC12) were used to encode Proanthocyanidin protein on local red rice. This research was conducted at the Genetic and Biotechnology Laboratory of Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sriwijaya University. The primary objectives of this study were to identify the correlations between the mutations from DNA sequences which encoded proanthocyanidin protein in local red rice from South Sumatra and the fenotip of pericarp and aleurone. The stapes was DNA isolation, amplification, electrophoresis, sequencing process using First Base Malaysia and sequences analysis using Clustal W to align the DNA sequence. Sequencing result showed all of the samples had high variability (less conserved region) where the alignment process showed deletion mutation and DNA substitution mutation along the sequences of the samples. The highest mutation occurred at local red rice from Cahya Tani and the lowest mutations take place at local red rice from Keli Rejo. The samples have the same phenotype of pericarp, meanwhile different at aleurone color. The sample from Sumber Jaya had the reddest aleurone color than other sample and this sample also showed the highest deletion mutation.
红米果皮和胚乳的红色受原花青素蛋白的调节。原花青素蛋白由 Rc 基因的部分序列编码。DNA 序列的突变会使果皮和胚乳呈现出不同的表型。本研究以南苏门答腊的四个当地红米样本（Keli Rejo、Sumber Jaya、Cahya Tani、Sirah Pulau Padang）为基因来源，使用特定引物（RC12）编码当地红米的原花青素蛋白。这项研究是在斯里维加亚大学（Sriwijaya University）数学与自然科学学院生物系遗传与生物技术实验室进行的。本研究的主要目的是确定南苏门答腊本地红米中编码原花青素蛋白的 DNA 序列突变与果皮和胚乳的茎叶之间的相关性。测序过程包括DNA分离、扩增、电泳、使用First Base Malaysia进行测序以及使用Clustal W对DNA序列进行比对分析。测序结果显示，所有样本的变异性都很高（保守区域较少），比对过程显示样本序列中存在缺失突变和 DNA 替换突变。变异程度最高的是 Cahya Tani 当地红米，变异程度最低的是 Keli Rejo 当地红米。这些样品的果皮表型相同，但胚乳色泽不同。Sumber Jaya 的样本比其他样本的黑米颜色最红，该样本的缺失突变也最高。
{"title":"DNA Mutation of Rc Gene and the Phenotype of Aleurone and Pericarp of Local Red Rice from South Sumatera","authors":"Nur Arifah, Laila Hanum, M. Muharni","doi":"10.4028/p-2nbp2i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-2nbp2i","url":null,"abstract":"The red color of red rice pericarp and aleurone is regulated by proanthocyanidin protein. Proanthocyanidin protein was encoded by partial sequence of Rc gene. The mutation from DNA sequence would give divers phenotype in pericarp and aleurone. This study used four sample of local red rice (Keli Rejo, Sumber Jaya, Cahya Tani, Sirah Pulau Padang) from South Sumatra as genetic sources and specific primers (RC12) were used to encode Proanthocyanidin protein on local red rice. This research was conducted at the Genetic and Biotechnology Laboratory of Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sriwijaya University. The primary objectives of this study were to identify the correlations between the mutations from DNA sequences which encoded proanthocyanidin protein in local red rice from South Sumatra and the fenotip of pericarp and aleurone. The stapes was DNA isolation, amplification, electrophoresis, sequencing process using First Base Malaysia and sequences analysis using Clustal W to align the DNA sequence. Sequencing result showed all of the samples had high variability (less conserved region) where the alignment process showed deletion mutation and DNA substitution mutation along the sequences of the samples. The highest mutation occurred at local red rice from Cahya Tani and the lowest mutations take place at local red rice from Keli Rejo. The samples have the same phenotype of pericarp, meanwhile different at aleurone color. The sample from Sumber Jaya had the reddest aleurone color than other sample and this sample also showed the highest deletion mutation.","PeriodicalId":512976,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Headway","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140079032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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